CN114436564A - Clay-based composite material and preparation and use methods thereof - Google Patents
Clay-based composite material and preparation and use methods thereof Download PDFInfo
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
- C04B26/02—Macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/08—Copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/0846—Copolymers of ethene with unsaturated hydrocarbons containing other atoms than carbon or hydrogen atoms
- C08L23/0853—Vinylacetate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/27—Water resistance, i.e. waterproof or water-repellent materials
Abstract
The invention aims to provide a clay-based composite material and a preparation and use method thereof; the composite material comprises the following components: 1-99 parts of ultralight clay and 1-99 parts of hydrophobic thermoplastic; preparing the components of ultralight clay and hydrophobic thermoplastic plastics according to parts by weight for melt blending to prepare a clay-based composite material; the composite material utilizes the waterproofness of hydrophobic thermoplastic plastics to prepare the ultralight clay into a waterproof or water-repellent ultralight clay-based composite material; after the product made of the composite material is molded and air-dried, the product is heated to a temperature higher than the melting point of the contained thermoplastic plastics and is cooled and solidified at room temperature to form the product with waterproof performance or anti-splashing performance; the product is heated to a temperature higher than the melting point of the contained thermoplastic plastics for secondary processing and transformation, and the process can be repeatedly realized; the preparation method of the composite material is simple in process and suitable for industrial production; is an environment-friendly material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of clay-based composite materials, in particular to a waterproof or water-repellent ultralight clay-based composite material and a preparation and use method thereof.
Background
The ultralight clay is one of paper clay, is called ultralight clay for short, is easier and more comfortable to knead and more suitable for modeling, is very lovely in works, is popular in Japan, and is a novel environment-friendly, nontoxic and naturally dry hand modeling material which is popular in Japan. It is mainly made up by using high-molecular material foaming powder (vacuum microsphere) to make foaming process, then mixing it with the materials of polyethanol, cross-linking agent, glycerine and pigment according to a certain proportion. The ultralight clay comprises foaming powder, water, paper pulp and paste, and has large expansion volume and small specific gravity, generally 0.25-0.28, so that the weight of the prepared product after drying is 1/4 before drying, and the product is extremely light and not easy to break. Is an environment-friendly biodegradable product. The application comprises the following steps: 1. handicraft kneading material: it is suitable for making doll, brooch, hair ornament, relief wall ornament, picture frame, artificial flower, etc. 2. Is an excellent material for manufacturing hand and foot prints of babies because the hand and foot prints are nontoxic and environment-friendly and do not harm the skins of the babies. 3. Best material for beautiful labor education: the system can be used for middle and primary school art teaching and parent-child DIY activities. It is a handicraft kneading plastic material for self-entertainment and self-entertainment of families, individuals, ceramic bars and various entertainment places.
Ultra-light clays suffer from the following disadvantages: 1. the waterproof effect is not achieved, created works face the difficult problem of storage, except that the transparent box is covered to avoid dust, simple waterproof treatment can be only carried out on the surfaces of the works, and the method comprises the modes of coating epoxy crystal glue, coating gloss oil, coating propylene blending liquid and the like, the methods can play a certain waterproof effect to a certain extent, but have the defect surfaces, and the product has stronger light reflection compared with the product coated with gloss oil; propylene blending liquid is difficult to be added to works, particularly, detailed parts and the works with complex colors cannot be used, and the like, the methods need secondary processing and modification, have certain influence on the works, and cannot achieve long-term water resistance; the application range and the application field of the ultralight clay are restricted; 2. after shaping and drying the ultralight clay, secondary processing and transformation cannot be carried out, and the ultralight clay cannot be subjected to secondary processing and transformation when heated.
The study on surface waterproofing of ultralight clay model is written in Gao Xiang, which discusses the surface waterproofing of ultralight clay.
Thermoplastic plastics are the most widely used plastics, and are prepared from thermoplastic resin as the main component and various additives. Under a certain temperature condition, the plastic can be softened or melted into any shape, and the solidified shape is not changed after cooling; this state can be repeated many times and is always plastic, and the repetition is only a physical change, and polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polyoxymethylene, polycarbonate, polyamide, acrylic plastic, other polyolefins and copolymers thereof, poly mock, polyphenylene oxide, chlorinated polyether, and the like are all thermoplastic plastics. The molecular chains of the resin in the thermoplastic plastic are all in a linear or branched structure, no chemical bond is generated among the molecular chains, and the plastic is called as the thermoplastic plastic; the hydrophobic thermoplastic is a type of thermoplastic with the characteristic of being insoluble or slowly soluble in water; polycaprolactone PCL is insoluble in water, has good biocompatibility, good organic polymer compatibility and good biodegradability, can be used as a cell growth support material, can be mutually compatible with various conventional plastics, and can be completely degraded in a natural environment within 6-12 months; polyolefin elastomer (POE) is one of TPO, is polymerized by alpha-olefin such as ethylene (or propylene) and butylene, is different from blended TPO and is insoluble in water; the TPU hot melt adhesive powder is a novel high-molecular environment-friendly hot melt adhesive and can resist 60-degree water washing; ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, EVA for short, is insoluble in water, the content of general Vinyl Acetate (VA) is 5% -40%, compared with Polyethylene (PE), EVA reduces high crystallinity because of introducing vinyl acetate monomer in the molecular chain, has improved toughness, impact resistance, filler intermiscibility and heat sealing performance, is widely used in the fields of foamed shoe materials, functional greenhouse films, packaging molds, hot melt adhesives, wires and cables, toys, etc.;
disadvantages of hydrophobic thermoplastics: the thermoplastic plastic is heated to a temperature above the melting point, the room temperature can be operated for about 1-2 minutes, and the molding at the room temperature needs repeated heating for many times, so that the operation is complicated.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention aims to provide a clay-based composite material and a preparation and use method thereof, in particular to a waterproof or water-repellent ultralight clay-based composite material and a preparation and use method thereof; preparing the components of the ultralight clay and hydrophobic thermoplastic plastics according to parts by weight for melt blending to prepare a waterproof or water-repellent ultralight clay-based composite material; the composite material is a waterproof or water-proof ultralight clay-based composite material prepared by using the waterproof performance of hydrophobic thermoplastic plastics and preparing waterproof ultralight clay; after the product made of the composite material is molded and dried, the product is heated to a temperature higher than the melting point of the contained thermoplastic plastics, and is cooled and solidified at room temperature to form the product with waterproof performance or water-proof performance; the product is heated to a temperature higher than the melting point of the contained thermoplastic plastics again, secondary processing and transformation are carried out, the product has use value after being cooled and solidified at room temperature, the waterproof performance or the water-proof performance is unchanged, and the secondary heating processing and transformation process can be repeatedly realized; the preparation method of the composite material is simple in process and suitable for industrial production; is an environment-friendly material.
The clay-based composite material comprises the following components:
1-99 parts of ultralight clay and 1-99 parts of hydrophobic thermoplastic;
the composite material is as follows: 1-70 parts of ultralight clay and 30-99 parts of hydrophobic thermoplastic plastics, and the ultralight clay is a waterproof clay-based composite material;
the composite material is as follows: 71 to 99 parts of ultralight clay and 1 to 29 parts of hydrophobic thermoplastic plastics, which are anti-water-splashing clay-based composite materials;
preferably, the ultralight clay is a commercial product;
preferably, the hydrophobic thermoplastic includes, but is not limited to, polymers of one or more than two of the following materials, and any derivatives or mixtures thereof: ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA/melting point 60-90 ℃), polycaprolactone (PCL/melting point 60-70 ℃), thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU/melting point 50-70 ℃), and polyolefin thermoplastic elastomer (POE/melting point 60-90 ℃).
The invention also relates to a preparation method of the clay-based composite material, which is realized by the following technical scheme:
1. preparing the components according to the parts by weight;
2. and (3) putting the components into a high-speed mixer, uniformly mixing, and blending at the temperature of 90-120 ℃ to obtain the clay-based composite material.
Preferably, the blending is melt blending; the melt blending comprises one or more of extrusion, banburying, injection molding and open mixing.
Preferably, two or more hydrophobic thermoplastics are selected, and a compatilizer is used or not used, so that the fusion between the thermoplastics is facilitated, and the performance of the composite material is improved and enhanced.
Preferably, the compatilizer comprises one or a mixture of more than two of Maleic Anhydride (MAH), acrylate, bismaleimide, polyoxyalkylene amine and dicumyl peroxide.
As a preferable scheme, the auxiliary agent is used or not used according to the needs, and comprises water and pigment.
Preferably, the pigment comprises an acrylic pigment.
As a preferred scheme, hydrophilic substances are introduced to blend or copolymerize modified Polycaprolactone (PCL) according to needs, so that the biodegradation speed is accelerated, and the overall degradation time of the composite material is shortened, wherein the composite material comprises water-soluble high-molecular polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), polylactic acid (PLA), polyethylene glycol (PEG) and the like; the composite material also comprises melt blending polylactic acid (PLA), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) and the like for improving the mechanical property of the composite material, melt blending carbon nano tubes, thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU) and the like for improving the conductivity of the composite material, grafting starch, Polycaprolactone (PCL) and the like for improving the flexibility of the composite material, blending polyhydroxybutyrate valerate (PHBV), Polycaprolactone (PCL) and the like for improving the melting point of the composite material; and polymers of any derivatives or mixtures thereof prepared with hydrophobic thermoplastics to improve other properties of the composites of the invention.
As a preferred scheme, according to the weight part of the ultralight clay in the prepared composite material is more than or equal to 20 parts, the ultralight clay is taken out after being melted and blended and is sealed in a sealed container; the weight portion of the ultralight clay in the prepared composite material is less than 20 portions, and the ultralight clay is taken out after melting and blending and is cooled and solidified at room temperature without sealing a sealed container.
The invention also relates to a using method of the clay-based composite material, which comprises the following steps:
the composite material is prepared by using the composite material, wherein the weight part of the ultralight clay is more than or equal to 35 parts, after the composite material molding product is dried, a hot air gun (an oven, a microwave oven and an alcohol lamp) is used for heating the product to a temperature higher than the melting point of thermoplastic plastics contained in the composite material, secondary processing transformation is carried out or not carried out, and the product with waterproof performance or water-proof performance is obtained after the product is cooled and solidified at room temperature; and heating the product to a temperature above the melting point of the thermoplastic plastics by using a hot air gun (an oven, a microwave oven, an alcohol lamp, steam and hot water) again, performing secondary processing and transformation, cooling and solidifying at room temperature to obtain the product with high use value and unchanged waterproof performance or water-repellent performance, and repeatedly realizing the secondary heating and transformation process.
As a preferred scheme, when the weight part of the ultralight clay in the prepared composite material is less than 35 parts, a composite material hot air gun (an oven, a microwave oven and an alcohol lamp) is heated to a temperature higher than the melting point of thermoplastic plastics contained in the composite material, the composite material is subjected to shaping processing, after the product is dried, the product is heated to a temperature higher than the melting point of the thermoplastic plastics contained in the composite material by the hot air gun (the oven, the microwave oven and the alcohol lamp), secondary processing and transformation are carried out or not carried out, and the product with the waterproof performance is obtained after the product is cooled and solidified at room temperature; and heating the product to a temperature above the melting point of the thermoplastic plastic contained in the composite material by a hot air gun (an oven, a microwave oven, an alcohol lamp, steam and hot water) again, performing secondary processing and transformation, cooling and solidifying at room temperature to obtain the product with high use value and unchanged waterproof performance, and repeatedly realizing the secondary heating processing and transformation process.
Preferably, the heating mode of steam and hot water is suitable for the product made of the waterproof clay-based composite material.
Drawings
The attached figure 1 is a production flow chart of the invention:
FIG. 1 is a water-proof or water-proof ultralight clay-based composite material prepared by mixing ultralight clay and hydrophobic thermoplastic plastics in parts by weight and melting and blending; the melt blending comprises one or more of extrusion, banburying, injection molding and open milling; the weight portion of the ultralight clay in the prepared composite material is more than or equal to 20 portions, and the ultralight clay is taken out after melting and blending and is sealed in a sealed container to prevent water loss so as to be beneficial to shaping; the weight portion of the ultralight clay in the prepared composite material is less than 20 portions, and the ultralight clay is taken out after melting and blending and is cooled and solidified at room temperature without sealing a sealed container.
The invention has the advantages and effects that:
1. the invention utilizes the waterproof performance of the hydrophobic thermoplastic plastics, and prepares the waterproof or water-repellent ultralight clay-based composite material by melting and blending the ultralight clay and the hydrophobic thermoplastic plastics, and the composite material simultaneously keeps the same functions of shaping, polymerization and the like as the ultralight clay;
2. the product prepared by the composite material is wholly or partially heated to be above the melting point of thermoplastic plastics contained in the composite material by a hot air gun (an oven, a microwave oven, an alcohol lamp, steam and hot water), secondary processing and transformation are carried out, the product has use value after being cooled and solidified at room temperature, and the waterproof performance or the water-proof performance is unchanged, and the state can be repeatedly and always realized; after the molded product of the ultralight clay is dried, secondary processing and transformation cannot be carried out, and secondary processing and transformation cannot be carried out when the temperature is increased;
3. the product prepared by the waterproof composite material can be soaked in water for 4 hours to months; the product prepared from the water-splashing-resistant composite material is water-splashing-resistant, is soaked in water for 1-4 hours and then expands, the integral form is not damaged, and the product has use value after being dried; the ultralight clay is dissolved after being put into water for about 1 hour;
4. the ultralight clay in the composite material is a biodegradable material, the Polycaprolactone (PCL) is a biodegradable material, and the composite material prepared from the ultralight clay and the polycaprolactone is an environment-friendly composite material;
5. the composite material can be processed and manufactured on site, and can be processed and reformed on site for the second time, so that the composite material is convenient, flexible and quick;
6. the proportion of the ultralight clay in the composite material is 0.25-0.28, the volume is large, the density of the hydrophobic thermoplastic is about 0.9-1.3, the ultralight clay and the hydrophobic thermoplastic are melted and blended, the density of the thermoplastic is reduced, the prepared waterproof clay-based composite material has the characteristics of low density and water resistance, and the buoyancy performance of the composite material is improved compared with that of the thermoplastic;
7. compared with ultralight clay, the composite material has the characteristics of waterproofness and secondary processing and transformation, and is applied to other fields including application of waterproof and water-proof materials besides the field of ultralight clay application; different proportions can be flexibly configured according to use requirements, and the optimal proportion is not set;
8. the thermoplastic plastic is heated to a temperature above the melting point, the room temperature can be operated for about 1-2 minutes, and the molding at the room temperature needs repeated heating for many times, so that the operation is complicated; the molding time at room temperature of the composite material is greatly improved, for example, the surface of the waterproof composite material prepared from 50 parts of ultralight clay and 50 parts of PCL is air-dried after the molding time is about 1 hour, and the integral drying time is more than 24 hours; the proportion of the ultralight clay in the composite material is in direct proportion to the plastic forming time;
9. the composite material has simple preparation process and low manufacturing cost, and is easy for industrial production.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to examples.
Example 1
Putting 65 parts, 20 parts and 15 parts of ultralight clay, PCL (melting point of about 65 ℃) and POE (melting point of about 66 ℃) into a high-speed mixer, uniformly mixing, and blending at the temperature of 110 ℃, wherein the blending is melt blending, the blending method is open milling, so as to prepare the waterproof clay-based composite material, and sealing and storing the waterproof clay-based composite material in a sealed container.
And (3) testing results: taking 3g of the prepared composite material, shaping a cube of 4cm multiplied by 2cm multiplied by 0.5cm, drying for 48 hours, heating the product at the first stage of 300 ℃ by a hot air gun for half a minute, cooling and curing at room temperature, immersing in water for 24 hours without change, drying, heating the product at the first stage of 300 ℃ by the hot air gun for half a minute again, shaping a corner of the product at 90 degrees for a right angle, cooling and curing at room temperature, not changing the angle of the 90 degrees for the right angle, and immersing in water for 24 hours without change.
Example 2
71 parts, 20 parts and 9 parts of ultralight clay, PCL (melting point of about 65 ℃) and EVA (melting point of about 60 ℃) are put into a high-speed mixer to be uniformly mixed, and are blended under the condition that the temperature is 100 ℃, wherein the blending is melt blending, the blending method is banburying, the water-repellent clay-based composite material is prepared, and the mixture is put into a sealed container to be sealed.
And (3) testing results: taking 2.5g of the prepared composite material, shaping a cube of 4cm multiplied by 2cm multiplied by 0.5cm, drying the cube at room temperature for 48 hours, heating the product at 300 ℃ for half a minute by a hot air gun, cooling and curing the product at room temperature, immersing the product in water for 4 hours, and exuding a small amount of color, wherein the size of the water-out expansion is 4.1cm multiplied by 2.1cm multiplied by 0.6cm, the shape is complete, the size is 4cm multiplied by 2cm multiplied by 0.5cm after drying, shaping the product at 300 ℃ for half a minute by one corner of the hot air gun, forming a 90-degree right angle at the one corner of the product, cooling and curing the product at room temperature, the 90-degree right angle is not changed, immersing the product in water for 4 hours, and exuding a small amount of color, the size of the water-out expansion is 4.1cm multiplied by 2.1cm multiplied by 0.6cm, the 90-degree right angle is not changed, the shape is complete, and the size is 4cm multiplied by 2cm multiplied by 0.5cm after drying, and the composite material has use value.
Example 3
Putting the ultralight clay, EVA (with the melting point of about 60 ℃), TPU (with the melting point of about 70 ℃) and Maleic Anhydride (MAH) in parts by weight of 1 part, 70 parts, 27 parts and 2 parts into a high-speed mixer to be uniformly mixed, and blending at the temperature of 120 ℃, wherein the blending is melt blending, the blending method is extrusion, the prepared composite material is obtained by extrusion through a 0.5cm sheet die, and the mixture is cooled and solidified at room temperature to prepare the waterproof clay-based composite material without sealing.
And (3) testing results: taking 2 parts of prepared composite material sheets with the thickness of 4cm multiplied by 2cm multiplied by 0.5cm, and in total: 13g, heating the product at 300 ℃ for half a minute by a hot air gun, shaping a cube of 3cm multiplied by 1cm, cooling and solidifying at room temperature, and immersing in water at 40 ℃ for 72 hours without change.
Example 4
Putting 99 parts by weight, 0.5 part by weight and 0.5 part by weight of ultralight clay, EVA (with the melting point of about 60 ℃) and POE (with the melting point of about 66 ℃) into a high-speed mixer, uniformly mixing, and blending at the temperature of 100 ℃, wherein the blending is melt blending, the blending method is open mixing, so as to prepare the water-repellent clay-based composite material, and putting the water-repellent clay-based composite material into a sealed container for sealing to prevent water loss so as to be beneficial to shaping.
And (3) testing results: 2.2g of the prepared composite material is taken, a cube of 4cm multiplied by 2cm multiplied by 0.5cm is shaped, after the composite material is dried for 48 hours at room temperature, a hot air gun heats the product for half minute at 300 ℃, the product is cooled and solidified at room temperature, the hot air gun heats the product for half minute at 300 ℃ again, a 90-degree right angle is shaped at one corner of the product, the product is cooled and solidified at room temperature, the 90-degree right angle is not changed in angle, the product is immersed for 4 hours in water, the color seeps out, the water outlet expansion size is 4.8cm multiplied by 2.5cm multiplied by 0.6cm, the 90-degree right angle disappears, the shape is complete, the size is 4.6cm multiplied by 2.3cm multiplied by 0.5cm after the composite material is dried, and the composite material has use value;
contrast tests show that when the ultralight clay is put into water for 5 minutes, the water changes color, white foam appears around the ultralight clay for about 1 hour, the surface becomes soft, and the ultralight clay begins to melt.
Example 5
Putting 70 parts by weight of ultra-light clay and 30 parts by weight of PCL (melting point of about 65 ℃) into a high-speed mixer, uniformly mixing, and blending at 90 ℃, wherein the blending is melt blending, and the blending method is injection molding, and the prepared waterproof clay-based composite material is put into a sealed container for sealing.
And (3) testing results: taking 2.7g of the prepared composite material, shaping a cube of 4cm multiplied by 2cm multiplied by 0.5cm, drying for 48 hours at room temperature, heating the product for half a minute at 300 ℃ by a hot air gun, cooling and solidifying at room temperature, immersing for 4 hours in water without change, heating the product for half a minute by 100 ℃ hot water, shaping a 90-degree right angle at one angle, cooling and solidifying at room temperature, not changing the angle of the 90-degree right angle, immersing for 4 hours in water without change.
Ultra-light clay: meiyang ultra light clay; TPU: JT-5057 of hot melt TPU powder; EVA: korea le day VA 810; POE: american dow ENGAGE 8452 EL; PCL: 6500/Swedish Perstorp/molecular weight 50000;
in light of the foregoing, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art from this disclosure that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content of the specification, and all equivalent changes or modifications according to the spirit should be covered in the protection scope.
Claims (10)
1. The clay-based composite material is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 1 to 99 parts of ultralight clay and 1 to 99 parts of hydrophobic thermoplastic plastics.
2. The clay-based composite material according to claim 1, wherein the ultra-light clay is 1 to 70 parts by weight, and the hydrophobic thermoplastic is 30 to 99 parts by weight, and is a waterproof clay-based composite material; 71 to 99 parts of ultralight clay and 1 to 29 parts of hydrophobic thermoplastic plastics, which are water-repellent clay-based composite materials.
3. The clay-based composite material according to claim 1 to 2, wherein the ultralight clay is a commercially available product; the hydrophobic thermoplastic includes, but is not limited to, polymers of one or more than two of the following materials, and any derivatives or mixtures thereof: ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA/melting point 60-90 ℃), polycaprolactone (PCL/melting point 60-70 ℃), thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU/melting point 50-70 ℃), and polyolefin thermoplastic elastomer (POE/melting point 60-90 ℃).
4. A method for preparing a clay-based composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the preparation method is realized by the following technical scheme:
1) preparing the components according to the parts by weight;
2) and (3) putting the components into a high-speed mixer, uniformly mixing, and blending at the temperature of 90-120 ℃ to obtain the clay-based composite material.
5. The method for preparing a clay-based composite according to claim 4, wherein the blending is melt blending; the melt blending comprises one or more of extrusion, banburying, injection molding and open mixing.
6. The method for preparing clay-based composite material according to claim 4, wherein the compatibility agent is optionally used according to two or more hydrophobic thermoplastics selected to facilitate the fusion between the thermoplastics and improve the properties of the composite material.
7. The method for preparing a clay-based composite according to claim 4, wherein the compatibilizer comprises one or a mixture of more than two of Maleic Anhydride (MAH), acrylate, bismaleimide, polyoxyalkylene amine and dicumyl peroxide.
8. The method for preparing a clay-based composite according to claim 4, wherein the additives include water and pigment, with or without depending on the requirements.
9. The method for preparing the clay-based composite material according to claim 4, wherein the ultra-light clay in the prepared composite material is more than or equal to 20 parts by weight, and the ultra-light clay is taken out into a sealed container for sealing after being melted and blended; the weight portion of the ultralight clay in the prepared composite material is less than 20 portions, and the ultralight clay is taken out after melting and blending and is cooled and solidified at room temperature without sealing a sealed container.
10. A method of using a clay-based composite according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
1) the weight portion of the ultralight clay in the prepared composite material is more than or equal to 35 portions, after the composite material molding product is dried, a hot air gun (an oven, a microwave oven and an alcohol lamp) is used for heating the product to be above the melting point of thermoplastic plastics contained in the composite material, secondary processing transformation is carried out or not carried out, and the product with waterproof performance or water-proof performance is formed after the product is cooled and solidified at room temperature; heating the product to a temperature higher than the melting point of the thermoplastic plastic by a hot air gun (an oven, a microwave oven, an alcohol lamp, steam and hot water), performing secondary processing modification, cooling and solidifying at room temperature to obtain a use value, and keeping the waterproof performance or the water repellent performance unchanged, wherein the secondary heating processing modification process can be repeatedly realized;
2) when the weight portion of the ultralight clay in the prepared composite material is less than 35 parts, firstly heating a composite material hot air gun (an oven, a microwave oven and an alcohol lamp) to a temperature above the melting point of thermoplastic plastics contained in the composite material, carrying out shaping processing, drying a product, heating the product to a temperature above the melting point of the thermoplastic plastics contained in the composite material by the hot air gun (the oven, the microwave oven and the alcohol lamp), carrying out or not carrying out secondary processing transformation, and cooling and solidifying at room temperature to obtain a product with waterproof performance; heating the product to a temperature above the melting point of the thermoplastic plastic contained in the composite material by a hot air gun (an oven, a microwave oven, an alcohol lamp, steam and hot water) again, performing secondary processing and transformation, cooling and solidifying at room temperature to obtain a use value, keeping the waterproof performance unchanged, and repeatedly realizing the secondary heating processing and transformation process;
3) the heating mode of steam and hot water is suitable for the product made of the waterproof clay-based composite material.
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| CN115030133B (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2023-09-22 | 广州市北二环交通科技有限公司 | Soft soil foundation treatment method capable of reducing water damage of soft soil foundation |
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