CN114436484A - System and method for recovering carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus resources by microwave disintegration of excess sludge assisted by wave-absorbing substances - Google Patents
System and method for recovering carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus resources by microwave disintegration of excess sludge assisted by wave-absorbing substances Download PDFInfo
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- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 130
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
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- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims 1
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- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 19
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 18
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 9
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000008239 natural water Substances 0.000 description 3
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- CKMXBZGNNVIXHC-UHFFFAOYSA-L ammonium magnesium phosphate hexahydrate Chemical compound [NH4+].O.O.O.O.O.O.[Mg+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O CKMXBZGNNVIXHC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
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- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- CADZRPOVAQTAME-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;hydroxy phosphate Chemical compound [Ca+2].OOP([O-])([O-])=O CADZRPOVAQTAME-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B25/00—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
- C01B25/16—Oxyacids of phosphorus; Salts thereof
- C01B25/26—Phosphates
- C01B25/45—Phosphates containing plural metal, or metal and ammonium
- C01B25/451—Phosphates containing plural metal, or metal and ammonium containing metal and ammonium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
- C02F1/5254—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents using magnesium compounds and phosphoric acid for removing ammonia
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/02—Biological treatment
- C02F11/04—Anaerobic treatment; Production of methane by such processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/10—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by pyrolysis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
- C02F11/127—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering by centrifugation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/06—Sludge reduction, e.g. by lysis
Abstract
The invention discloses a system and a method for recovering carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus resources by decomposing excess sludge with microwaves with the assistance of a wave absorbing substance, and relates to the field of sludge treatment and recycling. The system comprises a mixing tank, a microwave cracking chamber, an anaerobic digestion tank, a centrifugal separation device, a gas storage cabinet, a mechanical dehydration chamber, a carbonized sludge preparation chamber and a chemical sedimentation tank. Mixing the residual sludge and wave-absorbing substances in a mixing tank, conveying the mixture to a microwave cracking chamber for microwave, then digesting the mixture in an anaerobic digestion tank, collecting biogas in a gas storage cabinet, conveying the obtained sludge-water mixture to a centrifugal separation device for solid-liquid separation, conveying the separated sludge to a mechanical dehydration chamber to obtain dried sludge, then treating the dried sludge at a high temperature in a carbonized sludge preparation chamber to prepare carbonized sludge serving as wave-absorbing substances for recycling, and conveying the supernatant after anaerobic digestion to a chemical precipitation tank for recovering nitrogen and phosphorus. After the carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus resources are effectively released, the released resources are recycled by methods such as anaerobic digestion and magnesium ammonium phosphate precipitation, and the like, so that the sludge recycling is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sludge treatment and recycling, in particular to a system and a method for recovering carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus resources by decomposing excess sludge through microwaves assisted by a wave absorbing substance.
Background
The excess sludge is used as a byproduct of the urban sewage treatment process, and resources such as 65-80% of carbon, 20-40% of nitrogen, 80-90% of phosphorus and the like in the sewage are captured, so the excess sludge has high utilization value. Under the strategic background of 'carbon peak reaching and carbon neutralization', the utilization of carbon resources in a mode of reducing energy type carbon emission, controlling fugitive carbon emission and increasing carbon compensation amount has important strategic significance. Under the background of the era of global resource scarcity, the nitrogen and phosphorus elements are used as essential nutrients for crop production, are 'fierce' of water eutrophication phenomenon, and meet the concept of sustainable development by utilizing nitrogen and phosphorus resources in a mode of recycling agricultural fertilizers. However, the current inefficient sludge treatment and disposal means mainly including incineration and composting generally have the problems of low resource recovery rate and single resource recovery target (such as only recovering carbon resources or only recovering phosphorus resources), and the resource recovery target is far from being realized.
The factors for limiting the resource utilization of the excess sludge are numerous, and research reports show that the low-speed hydrolysis of cells is the largest cause of the failure in effective release of resources in the excess sludge. The microwave radiation method is an effective means, has the advantages of high heating speed, easy operation and control, obvious conditioning effect, pathogenic bacteria killing and the like, but because the microwave pretreatment of the residual sludge has the mechanisms of thermal effect, non-thermal effect and selective absorption, when the microwave is used for heating, the difference of the heating characteristics and the absorption capacity of different substances in cells to microwave radiation is huge, and the required energy consumption is usually overhigh and is difficult to apply to engineering practice. Although related researches report that the microwave utilization rate can be improved by using wave-absorbing substances such as activated carbon and the like, and the problem of energy consumption is solved practically, the problems of high preparation cost and treatment of the treated sludge needing to be buried and the like are not solved.
At present, anaerobic digestion is generally accepted worldwide as a mainstream technical means for recovering carbon resources. Although the traditional anaerobic digestion system can realize sludge stabilization and harmlessness, due to the fact that the metabolic speeds of the acidifying bacteria and the methanogen are different, the hydrogen partial pressure is increased due to accumulation of produced Volatile Fatty Acids (VFAs), and serious problems that the gas production rate is reduced and even the gas production is stopped are prone to occurring. Meanwhile, in order to pursue a high methane yield, sludge subjected to anaerobic digestion is generally poor in argillaceous dehydration performance and high in water content, and subsequent treatment is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a system and a method for recovering carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus resources by using microwave energy absorbers to assist microwave disintegration of excess sludge, so as to solve the problems in the prior art, wherein the microwave energy absorbers are used for inducing microwaves to disintegrate municipal excess sludge, thereby shortening the microwave irradiation time for sludge treatment, strengthening the disintegration effect of sludge and reducing the treatment cost of sludge; after the carbon nitrogen phosphorus resource is effectively released, the released resource is recycled by methods of anaerobic digestion, ammonium magnesium phosphate precipitation and the like, so that the sludge recycling is realized.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
one of the technical schemes of the invention is to provide a system for recovering carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus resources by microwave-assisted disintegration of excess sludge by a wave-absorbing substance, which comprises a mixing tank, a microwave disintegration chamber, an anaerobic digestion tank, a centrifugal separation device, a gas storage cabinet, a mechanical dehydration chamber, a carbonized sludge preparation chamber and a chemical sedimentation tank;
the mixing pool is communicated with the microwave cracking chamber through a pipeline;
the microwave cracking chamber is communicated with the anaerobic digestion tank through a pipeline;
the anaerobic digestion tank is communicated with the centrifugal separation device through a pipeline; the upper end of the anaerobic digestion tank is communicated with the gas storage cabinet through a pipeline;
the centrifugal separation device is communicated with the mechanical dehydration room through a pipeline;
the mechanical dehydration room is communicated with the carbonized sludge preparation room through a pipeline;
the lower end of the centrifugal separation device is communicated with the chemical sedimentation tank through a pipeline;
the carbonized sludge preparation chamber is communicated with the mixing tank through a pipeline.
The mixing tank is used for uniformly mixing the residual sludge and the wave-absorbing substances, a first stirrer is arranged inside the mixing tank, a first submersible sewage pump is installed at the bottom of the mixing tank, and the sludge is lifted to a pipeline to enter a microwave cracking chamber through a first conveying pump.
And a microwave generator is arranged in the microwave cracking chamber, and a second delivery pump is arranged on a pipeline connecting the microwave cracking chamber and the anaerobic digestion tank.
The anaerobic digestion tank is internally provided with a first pH monitor, the bottom of the anaerobic digestion tank is provided with a temperature control pipe and a second submersible sewage pump, sludge is lifted to a pipeline to enter the centrifugal separation device through a third delivery pump, and a gas stop valve is arranged on a pipeline connecting the anaerobic digestion tank and the gas storage cabinet.
The centrifugal separation device is used for separating a solid phase and a liquid phase of the mud-water mixture, a fourth delivery pump is arranged on a pipeline connected between the centrifugal separation device and the mechanical dehydration room, and a suction pump is arranged on a pipeline connected between the centrifugal separation device and the chemical sedimentation tank.
The mechanical dehydration room is used for drying and dehydrating the sludge, and a fifth delivery pump is arranged on a pipeline connected with the mechanical dehydration room and the carbonized sludge preparation room.
The carbonized sludge preparation chamber is used for high-temperature treatment of dried sludge to prepare carbonized sludge.
And a second stirrer and a second pH monitor are arranged in the chemical sedimentation tank.
In the system, a first stirrer, a first submersible sewage pump, a first delivery pump, a microwave generator, a second delivery pump, a first pH monitor, a temperature control pipe, a second submersible sewage pump, a third delivery pump, an air stop valve, a fourth delivery pump, a suction pump, a fifth delivery pump, a second stirrer and a second pH monitor are all assembled by existing equipment, and specific models and specifications of the first stirrer, the first submersible sewage pump, the first delivery pump, the microwave generator, the second delivery pump, the first pH monitor, the temperature control pipe, the second submersible sewage pump, the third delivery pump, the air stop valve, the fourth delivery pump, the suction pump, the fifth delivery pump, the second stirrer and the second pH monitor are not described herein.
The second technical scheme of the invention is to provide a method for recovering carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus resources by microwave disintegration of excess sludge assisted by a wave-absorbing substance, which adopts the system and comprises the following steps:
step S1: adding the urban excess sludge into the mixing tank, settling and concentrating to obtain concentrated sludge, adding wave-absorbing substances, and uniformly mixing;
step S2: conveying the sludge in the mixing tank in the step S1 to a microwave cracking chamber, and performing microwave treatment by using a microwave generator;
step S3: conveying the sludge subjected to microwave treatment in the step S2 to an anaerobic digestion tank for anaerobic digestion, opening an air stop valve between the anaerobic digestion tank and a gas storage cabinet, collecting generated biogas, controlling the temperature of the anaerobic digestion tank through a temperature control pipe, and adding NaOH through a first pH monitor to control the pH value of the anaerobic digestion tank;
step S4: after the anaerobic fermentation is finished, conveying the mud-water mixture at the bottom of the anaerobic digestion tank in the step S3 to a centrifugal separation device for solid-liquid separation;
step S5: conveying the sludge separated in the step S4 to a mechanical dehydration room, and dehydrating to obtain dried sludge;
step S6: conveying the dried sludge in the step S5 to a carbonized sludge preparation chamber, performing high-temperature treatment and grinding to obtain carbonized sludge for recycling as a wave absorbing material;
step S7:conveying the supernatant separated in the step S4 to a chemical sedimentation tank, adjusting the pH value of the chemical sedimentation tank, adding NaOH to control the pH value of the sedimentation tank through a second pH monitor, and adding MgCl2Generating struvite precipitate (MAP) or adding CaCl2And generating calcium hydroxy phosphate (HAP) which is recycled as slow release fertilizer, and discharging the supernatant of the chemical sedimentation tank into natural water body when the supernatant reaches the sewage discharge standard.
Further, in the step S1, the wave-absorbing substance is activated carbon, silicon carbide or carbonized sludge (the carbonized sludge recycled in the step S6), and the adding amount is 0.15-0.5 g/gVS.
Further, the irradiation time of the microwave treatment in the step S2 is 2-10 min, the microwave power is 400-800W, and the microwave frequency is 433-2450 mHz.
Further, in the step S3, the anaerobic digestion temperature is 35 ℃, the pH value is 6.8-7.2, and the hydraulic retention time is 20 d.
Further, the moisture content of the dried sludge after mechanical dehydration in the step S5 is 30-50%.
Further, in the step S6, the high-temperature treatment temperature is 600-800 ℃, the high-temperature treatment time is 120min, and the particle size of the carbonized sludge after grinding is 0.5-2 mm.
Further, in the step S7, the pH value of the chemical sedimentation tank is 8-10, and the ratio of Mg: the molar ratio of P is 1.5-2: 1, Ca: the molar ratio of P is 2: 1.
the invention discloses the following technical effects:
1. the invention adopts a material with smaller reflectivity and larger electromagnetic loss capacity as a wave-absorbing substance to assist microwave cracking, fully utilizes the thermal effect and non-thermal effect to decompose and break the wall of the sludge to a greater extent, efficiently releases more than 40% of COD, more than 30% of nitrogen resources and more than 50% of phosphorus resources, ensures that the carbon resource concentration of the cracked supernatant is more than 7 times of that of the untreated solution, the nitrogen resource concentration is more than 6 times of that of the untreated solution, and the phosphorus resource concentration is more than 8 times of that of the untreated solution, and improves the availability ratio of the whole carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus resources.
2. The microwave absorbing material has high-efficiency loss on electromagnetic waves, microwave energy is fully converted into heat energy through the relative motion between molecules, local high-temperature hot spots are formed in the part of the wave absorbing material, the time required by the heating process is obviously shortened, the irradiation time is reduced by more than 30%, and the time cost and the energy consumption cost are effectively reduced.
3. The microwave absorbing matter enters an anaerobic digestion tank after being cracked by microwaves, on one hand, the activity of hydrolase is promoted to further decompose and break the cell wall of sludge, on the other hand, a channel for electron transfer is provided, the dependence degree of microorganisms on electron receptors such as hydrogen, formic acid and the like is reduced, the fermentation rate of anaerobic digestion is facilitated, meanwhile, the utilization rate of a substrate is improved, and the yield of methane is increased by more than 100%.
4. The preliminary reduction of the excess sludge after anaerobic digestion is realized, and the water content is reduced by more than 30 percent after the solid-liquid separation of a centrifugal device. The sludge after solid-liquid separation is further subjected to mechanical dehydration, high-temperature treatment and grinding treatment, and carbonized sludge with wave-absorbing property can be prepared and recycled as wave-absorbing substances, so that a new way is provided for treatment and disposal of excess sludge.
5. Heavy metals are cracked by microwaves and converted into residue states with stable properties from soluble states and reducible states, so that the toxicity to the anaerobic digestion of microorganisms is reduced. The microwave absorbing material has the physical property of larger specific surface area, so that heavy metal is easy to be obviously enriched in the microwave absorbing material, and the heavy metal is further removed. In addition, the anaerobic digestion also converts the heavy metal form from an unstable state to a residue state, thereby being beneficial to subsequent safe sludge disposal and the recovery of nitrogen and phosphorus resources.
6. The invention realizes the high-efficiency recovery of nitrogen and phosphorus resources by an ammonium magnesium phosphate precipitation Method (MAP), the recovery rate of nitrogen resources reaches more than 40 percent, and the recovery rate of phosphorus resources reaches more than 90 percent. The generated struvite sediment can be used as agricultural fertilizer for recycling, the current situation of shortage of the agricultural fertilizer is relieved, meanwhile, the supernatant realizes that the water quality requirement reaches the standard and is discharged, and the ecological system is free from pollution.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a process flow for recovering carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus resources by microwave-assisted breaking of excess sludge by a wave absorbing material according to the invention;
in the figure: the system comprises a mixing tank 1, a microwave cracking chamber 2, an anaerobic digestion tank 3, a gas storage cabinet 4, a centrifugal separation device 5, a mechanical dehydration chamber 6, a carbonized sludge preparation chamber 7, a chemical sedimentation tank 8, a first stirrer 9, a first submersible sewage pump 10, a first delivery pump 11, a microwave generator 12, a second delivery pump 13, a temperature control pipe 14, a first pH monitor 15, a second submersible sewage pump 16, a third delivery pump 17, an air stop valve 18, a fourth delivery pump 19, a fifth delivery pump 20, a suction pump 21, a second stirrer 22 and a second pH monitor 23.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to various exemplary embodiments of the invention, the detailed description should not be construed as limiting the invention but as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features and embodiments of the invention.
It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. Further, for numerical ranges in this disclosure, it is understood that each intervening value, between the upper and lower limit of that range, is also specifically disclosed. Every smaller range between any stated value or intervening value in a stated range and any other stated or intervening value in that stated range is encompassed within the invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may independently be included or excluded in the range.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Although only preferred methods and materials are described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference herein for the purpose of disclosing and describing the methods and/or materials associated with the documents. In case of conflict with any incorporated document, the present specification will control.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the specific embodiments of the present disclosure without departing from the scope or spirit of the disclosure. Other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification. The description and examples are intended to be illustrative only.
As used herein, the terms "comprising," "including," "having," "containing," and the like are open-ended terms that mean including, but not limited to.
Example 1
A method for recovering carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus resources by decomposing excess sludge with microwaves assisted by a wave absorbing substance comprises the following steps:
step S1: placing the residual sludge in a secondary sedimentation tank of a certain municipal sewage treatment plant in a mixing tank 1, and performing gravity concentration for 24 hours to detect that the TS content of the original sludge is 20000mg/L, the VS content is 6000mg/L, the TCOD content is 16300mg/L, the SCOD content is 730mg/L, the TN content is 670mg/L, the TP content is 267mg/L, the ammonia nitrogen content in the supernatant is 35mg/L, and the phosphate radical content is 16 mg/L. 0.35g/gVS of activated carbon is added into the mixing tank 1 and is uniformly mixed by a stirring device.
Step S2: the sludge mixture is lifted to a pipeline through a first submersible sewage pump 10, enters a microwave cracking chamber 2 through a first conveying pump 11, starts a microwave generator 12 for sludge cracking, and controls the microwave power to be 600W, the microwave frequency to be 2450mHz and the microwave irradiation time to be 5 min.
Step S3: the treated sludge is conveyed to an anaerobic digestion tank 3 through a second conveying pump 13, the return sludge in an aeration tank of the sewage treatment plant is taken as inoculation sludge, the sludge concentration MLSS is 4.1g/L, the sludge volume index SVI is 86mL/g, and the treated sludge is treated according to S2: inoculating sludge which is 5: 1, controlling the temperature to be 35 ℃, adding NaOH to control the pH to be 7, and performing anaerobic fermentation for 20d of hydraulic retention time.
Step S4: collecting biogas in the anaerobic digestion tank 3, feeding the biogas into a gas storage cabinet 4, conveying the fermented sludge-water mixture to a centrifugal separation device 5 through a second submersible sewage pump 16, carrying out solid-liquid separation, conveying solid sludge to a mechanical dehydration room 6, carrying out dehydration through a belt filter press to obtain a water content of 30%, feeding the sludge into a carbonized sludge preparation chamber 7, treating the sludge at a high temperature of 700 ℃ for 120min, and grinding the sludge to 1mm to obtain carbonized sludge which is used as a wave absorbing substance for recycling.
Step S5: collecting supernatant in a centrifugal separation device 5, feeding the supernatant into a chemical precipitation tank 8, adding NaOH to control the pH to be 10, and adding MgCl2Controlling the ratio of Mg: the P molar ratio is 1.5: 1, starting a stirrer to control the stirring intensity to be 200r/min, reacting for 1h, then performing centrifugal separation to obtain MAP for recycling as an agricultural fertilizer, and directly discharging the supernatant into a natural water body after the water quality reaches the standard.
Cracking effect and recovery effect: after microwave cracking, SCOD in the supernatant is increased to 7130mg/L, which is 9.76 times of that of untreated sludge, COD release rate reaches 43.74%, ammonia nitrogen is increased to 220mg/L, which is 6.29 times of that of untreated sludge, N resource release rate reaches 32.84%, phosphate radical content is increased to 142mg/L, which is 8.88 times of that of untreated sludge, and P resource release rate reaches 53%; after the sludge is fermented in the anaerobic digestion tank, the methane yield reaches 420ml CH4The gas production rate of the anaerobic digestion of the untreated sludge is 3.1 times, and the gas production rate of the anaerobic digestion of the single microwave treated sludge is 1.9 times; the water content of the sludge is reduced to 53.47 percent after the anaerobic digestion tank is fermented, which is beneficial to mechanical dehydration; after the supernatant is subjected to chemical precipitation in a chemical precipitation tank, COD is reduced to 43mg/L, TN is reduced to 8mg/L, and TP is reduced to 0.3mg/L, which all meet the first-level discharge A standard and are directly discharged to a water body; magnesium ammonium phosphate is generated at the bottom of the chemical precipitation tank, the nitrogen resource recovery rate reaches 45%, and the phosphorus resource recovery rate reaches 92%.
Example 2
A method for recovering carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus resources by decomposing excess sludge with microwaves assisted by a wave absorbing substance comprises the following steps:
step S1: placing the residual sludge in a secondary sedimentation tank of a certain municipal sewage treatment plant in a mixing tank 1, and performing gravity concentration for 24 hours to detect that the TS content of the original sludge is 30000mg/L, the VS content is 8000mg/L, the TCOD content is 18800mg/L, the SCOD content is 940mg/L, the TN content is 810mg/L, the TP content is 293mg/L, the ammonia nitrogen content in the supernatant is 42mg/L, and the phosphate radical content is 21 mg/L. 0.25g/gVS carbonized sludge is added into the mixing tank 1 and is uniformly mixed by a stirring device.
Step S2: the sludge mixture is lifted to a pipeline through a first submersible sewage pump 10, enters a microwave cracking chamber 2 through a first conveying pump 11, starts a microwave generator 12 for sludge cracking, and controls the microwave power to be 800W, the microwave frequency to be 2450mHz and the microwave irradiation time to be 8 min.
Step S3: the treated sludge is conveyed to an anaerobic digestion tank 3 through a second conveying pump 13, return sludge in an aeration tank of the sewage treatment plant is taken as inoculation sludge, the sludge concentration MLSS is 5.0g/L, the sludge volume index SVI is 93mL/g, and the treated sludge is treated according to S2: inoculating sludge which is 5: 1, controlling the temperature to be 35 ℃, adding NaOH to control the pH to be 7.2, and controlling the hydraulic retention time to be 20d, and carrying out anaerobic fermentation.
Step S4: collecting biogas in an anaerobic digestion tank 3, feeding the biogas into a gas storage cabinet 4, conveying the fermented sludge-water mixture to a centrifugal separation device 5 through a submersible sewage pump 16, conveying solid sludge to a mechanical dehydration room 6 after solid-liquid separation, dehydrating through a belt filter press until the water content is 40%, treating the sludge in a carbonized sludge preparation chamber 7 at the high temperature of 800 ℃ for 60min, and grinding the sludge to 1.5mm to prepare carbonized sludge serving as a wave absorbing substance for recycling.
Step S5: collecting supernatant in a centrifugal separation device 5, feeding the supernatant into a chemical precipitation tank 8, adding NaOH to control the pH to be 9.5, and adding MgCl2Controlling the ratio of Mg: the P molar ratio is 1.8: 1, starting a stirrer to control the stirring intensity to be 250r/min, reacting for 1h, then performing centrifugal separation to obtain MAP for recycling as an agricultural fertilizer, and directly discharging the supernatant into a natural water body after the water quality reaches the standard.
Cracking effect and recovery effect: after microwave cracking, SCOD in the supernatant is increased to 7800mg/L, which is 8.30 times of that of untreated sludge, COD release rate reaches 41.49%, ammonia nitrogen is increased to 256mg/L, N resource release rate reaches 31.60%, which is 6.10 times of that of untreated sludge, phosphate radical content is increased to 173mg/L, which is 8.24 times of that of untreated sludge, and P resource release rate reaches 59.04%; after the sludge is fermented in the anaerobic digestion tank, the methane yield reaches 390ml CH4The gas yield of the anaerobic digestion of the untreated sludge is 2.9 times and is 1.8 times that of the anaerobic digestion of the single microwave treated sludge; the water content of the sludge is fermented in an anaerobic digestion tankThen the temperature is reduced to 55.69 percent, which is beneficial to mechanical dehydration; after the supernatant is subjected to chemical precipitation in a chemical precipitation tank, COD is reduced to 46mg/L, TN is reduced to 9mg/L, and TP is reduced to 0.4mg/L, which both meet the first-level discharge A standard and are directly discharged to a water body; magnesium ammonium phosphate is generated at the bottom of the chemical precipitation tank, the recovery rate of nitrogen resources reaches 43 percent, and the recovery rate of phosphorus resources reaches 90 percent.
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solutions of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention defined by the claims.
Claims (8)
1. A system for recovering carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus resources by microwave-assisted disintegration of excess sludge by a wave-absorbing substance is characterized by comprising a mixing tank, a microwave disintegration chamber, an anaerobic digestion tank, a centrifugal separation device, a gas storage cabinet, a mechanical dehydration chamber, a carbonized sludge preparation chamber and a chemical sedimentation tank;
the mixing pool is communicated with the microwave cracking chamber through a pipeline;
the microwave cracking chamber is communicated with the anaerobic digestion tank through a pipeline;
the anaerobic digestion tank is communicated with the centrifugal separation device through a pipeline; the upper end of the anaerobic digestion tank is communicated with the gas storage cabinet through a pipeline;
the centrifugal separation device is communicated with the mechanical dehydration room through a pipeline;
the mechanical dehydration room is communicated with the carbonized sludge preparation room through a pipeline;
the lower end of the centrifugal separation device is communicated with the chemical sedimentation tank through a pipeline;
the carbonized sludge preparation chamber is communicated with the mixing tank through a pipeline.
2. A method for recovering carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus resources by microwave-assisted disintegration of excess sludge by using a wave-absorbing substance is characterized in that the system of claim 1 is adopted, and comprises the following steps:
step S1: adding the urban excess sludge into the mixing tank, settling and concentrating to obtain concentrated sludge, adding wave-absorbing substances, and uniformly mixing;
step S2: conveying the sludge in the mixing tank in the step S1 to a microwave cracking chamber, and performing microwave treatment by using a microwave generator;
step S3: conveying the sludge subjected to microwave treatment in the step S2 to an anaerobic digestion tank for anaerobic digestion, collecting generated biogas in a gas storage cabinet, and controlling the temperature and the pH value of the anaerobic digestion tank;
step S4: after the anaerobic fermentation is finished, conveying the mud-water mixture at the bottom of the anaerobic digestion tank in the step S3 to a centrifugal separation device for solid-liquid separation;
step S5: conveying the sludge separated in the step S4 to a mechanical dehydration room, and dehydrating to obtain dried sludge;
step S6: conveying the dried sludge in the step S5 to a carbonized sludge preparation chamber, performing high-temperature treatment and grinding to obtain carbonized sludge for recycling as a wave absorbing material;
step S7: the supernatant separated in the step S4 is conveyed to a chemical sedimentation tank, the pH value of the chemical sedimentation tank is adjusted, and MgCl is added2Or adding CaCl2And recovering nitrogen and phosphorus.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the wave-absorbing material in step S1 is activated carbon, silicon carbide or carbonized sludge, and the amount of the added wave-absorbing material is 0.15-0.5 g/gVS.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the microwave irradiation time of step S2 is 2-10 min, the microwave power is 400-800W, and the microwave frequency is 433-2450 mHz.
5. The method of claim 2, wherein the anaerobic digestion temperature of step S3 is 35 ℃, the pH is 6.8-7.2, and the hydraulic retention time is 20 d.
6. The method according to claim 2, wherein the water content of the mechanically dehydrated product of step S5 is 30-50%.
7. The method of claim 2, wherein the high-temperature treatment temperature in step S6 is 600-800 ℃, the high-temperature treatment time is 120min, and the particle size of the milled carbonized sludge is 0.5-2 mm.
8. The method according to claim 2, wherein the pH of the chemical precipitation tank in the step S7 is 8-10, and the ratio of Mg: the molar ratio of P is 1.5-2: 1, Ca: the molar ratio of P is 2: 1.
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