CN114434889A - 一种防水保温一体化改性沥青卷材及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种防水保温一体化改性沥青卷材及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114434889A CN114434889A CN202111521989.7A CN202111521989A CN114434889A CN 114434889 A CN114434889 A CN 114434889A CN 202111521989 A CN202111521989 A CN 202111521989A CN 114434889 A CN114434889 A CN 114434889A
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- modified asphalt
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- resistant ceramic
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种防水保温一体化改性沥青卷材及其制备方法，该防水卷材包括从上到下依次设置的第一隔离层、耐高温陶瓷涂层、玄武岩纤维层、第一改性沥青层、胎基层、第二改性沥青层、耐高温陶瓷纤维层及第二隔离层。通过设置有第一隔离层、耐高温陶瓷涂层、玄武岩纤维层、第一改性沥青层、胎基层、第二改性沥青层、耐高温陶瓷纤维层及第二隔离层，从而不仅可以提升防水卷材的耐热性能、保温性能、抗腐蚀性能、机械强度及抗压强度，而且还可以提升防水卷材的抗氧化性能、抗辐射性能、绝热隔音性能、耐磨性能及柔韧性能，进而可以有效地延长防水卷材的使用寿命，更好地满足于人们的使用需求。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及防水卷材技术领域，具体来说，涉及一种防水保温一体化改性沥青卷材及其制备方法。
背景技术
防水卷材是指将沥青类或高分子类防水材料浸渍在胎体上，制作成的防水材料产品，以卷材形式提供，称为防水卷材。防水卷材主要是用于建筑墙体、屋面、以及隧道、公路、垃圾填埋场等处，起到抵御外界雨水、地下水渗漏的一种可卷曲成卷状的柔性建材产品，作为工程基础与建筑物之间无渗漏连接，是整个工程防水的第一道屏障，对整个工程起着至关重要的作用。
目前，建筑领域中防水和保温为两个独立的系统。根据施工部位的不同，分为防水层(防水卷材)在外，保温层在内或保温层在外，防水层在内两种构造。这两种构造都需分阶段施工，费力耗时。若接缝处未处理好，易导致防水、保温效果不佳。同时对于防水层在内，保温层在外的构造，若存在防水漏点，不易采取补救措施。
因此，研究与开发具有优良保温性能的聚合物改性沥青防水卷材产品，可以大大提高我们建设质量，创造无法估量的社会效益，能够有效提高保温效果，具有重要社会意义与应用价值。
发明内容
针对相关技术中的问题，本发明提出一种防水保温一体化改性沥青卷材及其制备方法，以克服现有相关技术所存在的上述技术问题。
为此，本发明采用的具体技术方案如下：
根据本发明的一个方面，提供了一种防水保温一体化改性沥青卷材，包括从上到下依次设置的第一隔离层、耐高温陶瓷涂层、玄武岩纤维层、第一改性沥青层、胎基层、第二改性沥青层、耐高温陶瓷纤维层及第二隔离层。
进一步的，所述第一改性沥青层和所述第二改性沥青层均由以下重量份数的原料制成：
沥青45～65份、SBS合成橡胶6～12份、高密度聚乙烯10～25份、稳定剂0.1～3份、抗氧剂0.5～1份、光稳定剂0.1～2份、颗粒石蜡10～20份、聚丙烯树脂1～2份、软化油8～20份、改性剂10～15份、废弃润滑油30～55份和增稠剂0.5～1.5份。
进一步的，所述耐高温陶瓷涂层由以下重量份数的原料制成：
氮化钛5～10份、氮化硅10～15份、氧化镁10～15份、纳米氧化铝25～35份、纳米氧化锆10～15份、刚玉5～10份、硅藻土1～3份、碳酸钙5～10份、海泡石粉15～25份和方解石5～10份。
进一步的，所述第一隔离层和所述第二隔离层为HDPE、PET、PP高分子膜或片材；作为优选地，隔离层可以是单层膜，也可以是多层复合膜，在隔离层为PET膜时，该PET膜可以为PET原膜、PET-PE复合膜或PET镀铝膜。
进一步的，所述胎基层为疏水型纳米二氧化硅气凝胶与聚酯长丝纤维复合而成的柔性保温毡。
进一步的，所述耐高温陶瓷纤维层由石英纤维、氧化铝纤维和硼硅酸铝纤维的混合制成。
进一步的，所述改性剂为丁苯橡胶、顺丁橡胶、乙丙橡胶及氯丁橡胶中的一种或多种混合物，作为优选地，改性剂为丁苯橡胶、顺丁橡胶及乙丙橡胶的混合物。
进一步的，所述增稠剂为天然粘土、硅藻土、硅酸铝镁、膨润土及凹凸棒土中的一种或者多种混合物，作为优选地，增稠剂为天然粘土、膨润土及凹凸棒土的混合物。
根据本发明的另一个方面，提供了一种防水保温一体化改性沥青卷材的制备方法，该制备方法包括以下步骤：
S1、将胎基层展开，并将喷涂后的胎基层通过浸油槽，进行沥青预浸渍；
S2、将浸渍后的胎基层通过涂油槽，进行第二次沥青浸渍，在胎基层的上表面形成第一改性沥青层，胎基面的下表面形成第二改性沥青层；
S3、在第一改性沥青层的上表面铺设有与之贴合的玄武岩纤维层，在第二改性沥青层的下表面铺设有与之贴合的耐高温陶瓷纤维层；
S4、在玄武岩纤维层的上表面喷涂有耐高温陶瓷涂层；
S5、在耐高温陶瓷涂层的上表面铺设有与之贴合的第一隔离层，在耐高温陶瓷纤维层的下表面铺设有与之贴合的第二隔离层；
S6、将步骤S5形成的结构进行辊压及辊筒冷却，形成防水保温一体化改性沥青卷材，并将该沥青卷材进行烘干及收卷处理。
进一步的，所述第一改性沥青层和所述第二改性沥青层的厚度均为1.1mm，所述第一隔离层和所述第二隔离层的厚度均为1.0mm；所述耐高温陶瓷涂层、所述玄武岩纤维层及所述耐高温陶瓷纤维层的厚度均为0.9mm。
本发明的有益效果为：
1)通过设置有第一隔离层、耐高温陶瓷涂层、玄武岩纤维层、第一改性沥青层、胎基层、第二改性沥青层、耐高温陶瓷纤维层及第二隔离层，从而不仅可以提升防水卷材的耐热性能、保温性能、抗腐蚀性能、机械强度及抗压强度，而且还可以提升防水卷材的抗氧化性能、抗辐射性能、绝热隔音性能、耐磨性能及柔韧性能，进而可以有效地延长防水卷材的使用寿命，更好地满足于人们的使用需求。
2)通过在耐高温陶瓷涂层中添加纳米级颗粒，使得晶粒、晶界以及它们之间的结合能够有效地达到纳米级水平，可以大幅提高涂层的强度及韧性，从而可以保证防水卷材具有良好的强度和韧性，同时兼具优异的耐高温、耐磨性能。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是根据本发明实施例的一种防水保温一体化改性沥青卷材的结构示意图；
图2是根据本发明实施例的一种防水保温一体化改性沥青卷材的制备方法的流程示意图。
图中：
1、第一隔离层；2、耐高温陶瓷涂层；3、玄武岩纤维层；4、第一改性沥青层；5、胎基层；6、第二改性沥青层；7、耐高温陶瓷纤维层；8、第二隔离层。
具体实施方式
为进一步说明各实施例，本发明提供有附图，这些附图为本发明揭露内容的一部分，其主要用以说明实施例，并可配合说明书的相关描述来解释实施例的运作原理，配合参考这些内容，本领域普通技术人员应能理解其他可能的实施方式以及本发明的优点，图中的组件并未按比例绘制，而类似的组件符号通常用来表示类似的组件。
根据本发明的实施例，提供了一种防水保温一体化改性沥青卷材及其制备方法。
现结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明进一步说明，根据本发明实施例的一个方面，如图1所示，提供了一种防水保温一体化改性沥青卷材，包括从上到下依次设置的第一隔离层1、耐高温陶瓷涂层2、玄武岩纤维层3、第一改性沥青层4、胎基层5、第二改性沥青层6、耐高温陶瓷纤维层7及第二隔离层8。
其中，所述第一改性沥青层和所述第二改性沥青层均由以下重量份数的原料制成：
沥青45～65份、SBS合成橡胶6～12份、高密度聚乙烯10～25份、稳定剂0.1～3份、抗氧剂0.5～1份、光稳定剂0.1～2份、颗粒石蜡10～20份、聚丙烯树脂1～2份、软化油8～20份、改性剂10～15份、废弃润滑油30～55份和增稠剂0.5～1.5份。
所述耐高温陶瓷涂层由以下重量份数的原料制成：
氮化钛5～10份、氮化硅10～15份、氧化镁10～15份、纳米氧化铝25～35份、纳米氧化锆10～15份、刚玉5～10份、硅藻土1～3份、碳酸钙5～10份、海泡石粉15～25份和方解石5～10份。
具体的，所述第一隔离层1和所述第二隔离层8为HDPE(高密度聚乙烯)、PET(聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯)、PP(聚丙烯)等高分子膜或片材；所述胎基层5为疏水型纳米二氧化硅气凝胶与聚酯长丝纤维复合而成的柔性保温毡；所述耐高温陶瓷纤维层7由石英纤维、氧化铝纤维和硼硅酸铝纤维的混合制成；所述改性剂为丁苯橡胶、顺丁橡胶、乙丙橡胶及氯丁橡胶中的一种或多种混合物；所述增稠剂为天然粘土、硅藻土、硅酸铝镁、膨润土及凹凸棒土中的一种或者多种混合物。
为了方便理解本发明的上述技术方案，以下就本发明的具体实施例进行详细说明。
实施例一
一种防水保温一体化改性沥青卷材，包括从上到下依次设置的第一隔离层1、耐高温陶瓷涂层2、玄武岩纤维层3、第一改性沥青层4、胎基层5、第二改性沥青层6、耐高温陶瓷纤维层7及第二隔离层8；
其中，所述第一改性沥青层和所述第二改性沥青层均由以下重量份数的原料制成：
沥青45份、SBS合成橡胶6份、高密度聚乙烯10份、稳定剂0.1份、抗氧剂0.5份、光稳定剂0.1份、颗粒石蜡10份、聚丙烯树脂1份、软化油8份、改性剂10份、废弃润滑油30份和增稠剂0.5份。
所述耐高温陶瓷涂层由以下重量份数的原料制成：
氮化钛5份、氮化硅10份、氧化镁10份、纳米氧化铝25份、纳米氧化锆10份、刚玉5份、硅藻土1份、碳酸钙5份、海泡石粉15份和方解石5份。
具体的，所述第一隔离层1和所述第二隔离层8为HDPE、PET、PP等高分子膜或片材；所述胎基层5为疏水型纳米二氧化硅气凝胶与聚酯长丝纤维复合而成的柔性保温毡；所述耐高温陶瓷纤维层7由石英纤维、氧化铝纤维和硼硅酸铝纤维的混合制成；所述改性剂为丁苯橡胶、乙丙橡胶及氯丁橡胶中的混合物；所述增稠剂为天然粘土、硅藻土及硅酸铝镁的混合物。
实施例二
一种防水保温一体化改性沥青卷材，包括从上到下依次设置的第一隔离层1、耐高温陶瓷涂层2、玄武岩纤维层3、第一改性沥青层4、胎基层5、第二改性沥青层6、耐高温陶瓷纤维层7及第二隔离层8；
其中，所述第一改性沥青层和所述第二改性沥青层均由以下重量份数的原料制成：
沥青55份、SBS合成橡胶9份、高密度聚乙烯15份、稳定剂1.5份、抗氧剂0.8份、光稳定剂0.5份、颗粒石蜡15份、聚丙烯树脂1.5份、软化油15份、改性剂12份、废弃润滑油45份和增稠剂1份。
所述耐高温陶瓷涂层由以下重量份数的原料制成：
氮化钛8份、氮化硅12份、氧化镁12份、纳米氧化铝30份、纳米氧化锆12份、刚玉8份、硅藻土2份、碳酸钙8份、海泡石粉20份和方解石8份。
具体的，所述第一隔离层1和所述第二隔离层8为HDPE、PET、PP等高分子膜或片材；所述胎基层5为疏水型纳米二氧化硅气凝胶与聚酯长丝纤维复合而成的柔性保温毡；所述耐高温陶瓷纤维层7由石英纤维、氧化铝纤维和硼硅酸铝纤维的混合制成；所述改性剂为丁苯橡胶、顺丁橡胶及的混合物；所述增稠剂为天然粘土、膨润土及凹凸棒土的混合物。
实施例三
一种防水保温一体化改性沥青卷材，包括从上到下依次设置的第一隔离层1、耐高温陶瓷涂层2、玄武岩纤维层3、第一改性沥青层4、胎基层5、第二改性沥青层6、耐高温陶瓷纤维层7及第二隔离层8；
其中，所述第一改性沥青层和所述第二改性沥青层均由以下重量份数的原料制成：
沥青65份、SBS合成橡胶12份、高密度聚乙烯25份、稳定剂3份、抗氧剂1份、光稳定剂2份、颗粒石蜡20份、聚丙烯树脂2份、软化油20份、改性剂15份、废弃润滑油55份和增稠剂1.5份。
所述耐高温陶瓷涂层由以下重量份数的原料制成：
氮化钛10份、氮化硅15份、氧化镁15份、纳米氧化铝35份、纳米氧化锆15份、刚玉10份、硅藻土3份、碳酸钙10份、海泡石粉25份和方解石10份。
具体的，所述第一隔离层1和所述第二隔离层8为HDPE、PET、PP等高分子膜或片材；所述胎基层5为疏水型纳米二氧化硅气凝胶与聚酯长丝纤维复合而成的柔性保温毡；所述耐高温陶瓷纤维层7由石英纤维、氧化铝纤维和硼硅酸铝纤维的混合制成；所述改性剂为丁苯橡胶、顺丁橡胶及的混合物；所述增稠剂为天然粘土、膨润土及凹凸棒土的混合物。
此外，为了能够更直观的体现本发明中防水卷材的性能，采用目前市面上销售的常规改性沥青防水卷材与本发明中三组实施例中的防水卷材进行实验比如，结果如下：
根据本发明的另一个方面，如图2所示，提供了一种防水保温一体化改性沥青卷材的制备方法，该制备方法包括以下步骤：
S1、将胎基层展开，并将喷涂后的胎基层通过浸油槽，进行沥青预浸渍；
S2、将浸渍后的胎基层通过涂油槽，进行第二次沥青浸渍，在胎基层的上表面形成第一改性沥青层，胎基面的下表面形成第二改性沥青层；
S3、在第一改性沥青层的上表面铺设有与之贴合的玄武岩纤维层，在第二改性沥青层的下表面铺设有与之贴合的耐高温陶瓷纤维层；
S4、在玄武岩纤维层的上表面喷涂有耐高温陶瓷涂层；
S5、在耐高温陶瓷涂层的上表面铺设有与之贴合的第一隔离层，在耐高温陶瓷纤维层的下表面铺设有与之贴合的第二隔离层；
S6、将步骤S5形成的结构进行辊压及辊筒冷却，形成防水保温一体化改性沥青卷材，并将该沥青卷材进行烘干及收卷处理。
其中，所述第一改性沥青层和所述第二改性沥青层的厚度均为1.1mm，所述第一隔离层和所述第二隔离层的厚度均为1.0mm；所述耐高温陶瓷涂层、所述玄武岩纤维层及所述耐高温陶瓷纤维层的厚度均为0.9mm。
综上所述，借助于本发明的上述技术方案，通过设置有第一隔离层1、耐高温陶瓷涂层2、玄武岩纤维层3、第一改性沥青层4、胎基层5、第二改性沥青层6、耐高温陶瓷纤维层7及第二隔离层8，从而不仅可以提升防水卷材的耐热性能、保温性能、抗腐蚀性能、机械强度及抗压强度，而且还可以提升防水卷材的抗氧化性能、抗辐射性能、绝热隔音性能、耐磨性能及柔韧性能，进而可以有效地延长防水卷材的使用寿命，更好地满足于人们的使用需求。
此外，通过在耐高温陶瓷涂层2中添加纳米级颗粒，使得晶粒、晶界以及它们之间的结合能够有效地达到纳米级水平，可以大幅提高涂层的强度及韧性，从而可以保证防水卷材具有良好的强度和韧性，同时兼具优异的耐高温、耐磨性能。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种防水保温一体化改性沥青卷材，其特征在于，包括从上到下依次设置的第一隔离层、耐高温陶瓷涂层、玄武岩纤维层、第一改性沥青层、胎基层、第二改性沥青层、耐高温陶瓷纤维层及第二隔离层。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种防水保温一体化改性沥青卷材，其特征在于，所述第一改性沥青层和所述第二改性沥青层均由以下重量份数的原料制成：
沥青45～65份、SBS合成橡胶6～12份、高密度聚乙烯10～25份、稳定剂0.1～3份、抗氧剂0.5～1份、光稳定剂0.1～2份、颗粒石蜡10～20份、聚丙烯树脂1～2份、软化油8～20份、改性剂10～15份、废弃润滑油30～55份和增稠剂0.5～1.5份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种防水保温一体化改性沥青卷材，其特征在于，所述耐高温陶瓷涂层由以下重量份数的原料制成：
氮化钛5～10份、氮化硅10～15份、氧化镁10～15份、纳米氧化铝25～35份、纳米氧化锆10～15份、刚玉5～10份、硅藻土1～3份、碳酸钙5～10份、海泡石粉15～25份和方解石5～10份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种防水保温一体化改性沥青卷材，其特征在于，所述第一隔离层和所述第二隔离层为HDPE、PET、PP高分子膜或片材。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种防水保温一体化改性沥青卷材，其特征在于，所述胎基层为疏水型纳米二氧化硅气凝胶与聚酯长丝纤维复合而成的柔性保温毡。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种防水保温一体化改性沥青卷材，其特征在于，所述耐高温陶瓷纤维层由石英纤维、氧化铝纤维和硼硅酸铝纤维的混合制成。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种防水保温一体化改性沥青卷材，其特征在于，所述改性剂为丁苯橡胶、顺丁橡胶、乙丙橡胶及氯丁橡胶中的一种或多种混合物。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种防水保温一体化改性沥青卷材，其特征在于，所述增稠剂为天然粘土、硅藻土、硅酸铝镁、膨润土及凹凸棒土中的一种或者多种混合物。
9.一种防水保温一体化改性沥青卷材的制备方法，用于权利要求1-8中任意一项所述防水保温一体化改性沥青卷材的制备，其特征在于，该制备方法包括以下步骤：
S1、将胎基层展开，并将喷涂后的胎基层通过浸油槽，进行沥青预浸渍；
S2、将浸渍后的胎基层通过涂油槽，进行第二次沥青浸渍，在胎基层的上表面形成第一改性沥青层，胎基面的下表面形成第二改性沥青层；
S3、在第一改性沥青层的上表面铺设有与之贴合的玄武岩纤维层，在第二改性沥青层的下表面铺设有与之贴合的耐高温陶瓷纤维层；
S4、在玄武岩纤维层的上表面喷涂有耐高温陶瓷涂层；
S5、在耐高温陶瓷涂层的上表面铺设有与之贴合的第一隔离层，在耐高温陶瓷纤维层的下表面铺设有与之贴合的第二隔离层；
S6、将步骤S5形成的结构进行辊压及辊筒冷却，形成防水保温一体化改性沥青卷材，并将该沥青卷材进行烘干及收卷处理。
10.根据权利要求9所述的一种防水保温一体化改性沥青卷材的制备方法，其特征在于，所述第一改性沥青层和所述第二改性沥青层的厚度均为1.1mm，所述第一隔离层和所述第二隔离层的厚度均为1.0mm；所述耐高温陶瓷涂层、所述玄武岩纤维层及所述耐高温陶瓷纤维层的厚度均为0.9mm。
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