CN114434282A - Grinding device and method for implanting nano lubricating grinding wheel based on weak magnetic reinforcement impact - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a grinding device for implanting a nano lubricating grinding wheel based on weak magnetic reinforcement impact, which comprises a control module, a laser light guide module, an acceleration module and an excitation module. The control module comprises a computer industrial controller (1), a digital controller (2), a laser controller (3) and a pressure controller (6); the upper end of the digital controller (2) is connected with the laser controller (3), and the lower end is connected with the computer industrial controller (1); the laser controller (3) is connected with the high-power pulse laser unit (1301); the device greatly improves the cooling and lubricating effect of a grinding core area, greatly reduces the low grinding specific energy, and solves the problems that the lubricating effect of single nano particles is not obvious, the nano particles are directly added into a grinding wheel binder and are easy to agglomerate, and the grinding area is difficult to respond in time.

Description

Grinding device and method for implanting nano lubricating grinding wheel based on weak magnetic reinforcement impact

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of lubrication and cooling in grinding wheel grinding, in particular to a grinding device and a grinding method for an implanted nano-lubrication grinding wheel based on magnetic weak strengthening impact.

Background

Grinding processes can achieve high workpiece precision and surface quality, which have a very high weight in the prior art. However, the traditional grinding wheel has small chip containing space due to compact arrangement of the abrasive particles, and is very easy to form abrasive dust adhesion, so that the grinding performance of the grinding wheel is reduced. Meanwhile, during machining, as the abrasive particles on the circumferential surface of the grinding wheel are mostly ground by a negative rake angle, a large part of energy can be consumed, and the energy conservation can be known, the energy is mostly converted into internal energy, so that the temperature of a contact area of the grinding wheel and a machined material is increased, and due to the reasons that the lubricating condition is insufficient, fine abrasive dust cannot be timely discharged out of a grinding area, the thermal conductivity of the grinding wheel is poor and the like, the excessive temperature can greatly influence the cutting performance of the abrasive particles of the grinding wheel.

The traditional casting type grinding is a production and processing technology which enables a large amount of lubricating medium to enter a grinding area in the grinding process through a supply device to play roles of cooling, lubricating, chip removal and the like, so that the integrity of the surface of a workpiece is improved, and meanwhile, the service life of a grinding wheel is correspondingly prolonged. However, this method has a great disadvantage that, because the speed of the air flow at the top of the grinding wheel increases in the radial direction and decreases sharply near the outer edge of the grinding wheel during the high-speed rotation of the grinding wheel, the thickness of the air flow layer around the grinding wheel is thin, and the air flow with the high speed of the air flow layer generates an "air barrier" effect, which prevents the grinding fluid from effectively reaching the grinding region (the actual flow rate is only 5% -40%). Resulting in a large amount of grinding fluid being wasted and the grinding fluid having to be processed for safe discharge, however, the processing equipment is expensive and not in accordance with the production efficiency.

The self-performance of the nano-particles endows the nano-particles with excellent thermal conductivity, and the surface area and the heat capacity of the nano-particles are far larger than those of millimeter-sized or micron-sized solid particles under the condition of the same volume content. In the grinding process, the heat exchange performance of the grinding fluid is improved due to the addition of the nano particles, and the nano particles play roles in strengthening heat exchange and reducing the temperature of a grinding area.

The invention discloses a method and a device for grinding a nano-layer lubricating diamond grinding wheel based on a shock wave cavitation effect, and the method is characterized in that a shock wave impact device is used for impacting nano-particles to strike the surface of a grinding wheel to form a nano-layer with a lubricating and cooling effect, so that the problem of forming a stable nano-layer on the surface of the grinding wheel is solved to a certain extent. However, the technical scheme still has the following problems: for the air barrier layer on the surface of the grinding wheel, the control standard of the wave source size of double shock waves is not obvious, the problem that how the nano layer embedded into the surface of the grinding wheel is released in a grinding area in time is not solved, the cooling mode of the grinding wheel is not changed fundamentally, and a large amount of heat is accumulated and even lost heat is generated; and the complex working conditions occurring in the grinding process of the grinding wheel do not respond timely.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the technology, the invention provides a grinding device and a grinding method of an implanted nano lubricating grinding wheel based on magnetic weak strengthening impact, which are used for solving the problems that a nano layer on the surface of the grinding wheel falls off in the process of not reaching a grinding area, grinding fluid is difficult to enter a grinding core area under the influence of an air barrier layer in the grinding process of the grinding wheel, and contained nano particles cannot respond to lubrication in real time in the grinding area.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides 1. a grinding device based on a magnetic weak strengthening impact implantation nanometer lubricating grinding wheel, which is characterized in that: the device comprises a control module, a laser light guide module, an acceleration module and an excitation module;

the control module comprises a computer industrial controller, a digital controller, a laser controller and a pressure controller;

the upper end of the digital controller is connected with the laser controller, and the lower end of the digital controller is connected with the computer industrial controller; the laser controller is connected with the high-power pulse laser unit; the computer industrial controller respectively controls the laser controller and the light spot adjusting unit through the digital controller, the laser controller controls the high-power pulse laser unit, and the pressure controller controls the pressure output by gas in the gas storage tank;

the laser light guide module comprises an optical adjusting unit, a high-frequency high-power pulse laser unit, a light spot adjusting unit and an auxiliary system;

the light spot adjusting unit is positioned between the high-frequency high-power pulse laser unit and the optical adjusting unit and is connected with the digital controller; the high-frequency high-power pulse laser unit is arranged on the light spot adjusting unit; the optical adjusting unit is arranged below the light spot adjusting unit; the focusing convex lens is positioned in the optical adjusting unit, and the high-frequency high-power pulse laser unit, the light spot adjusting unit and the optical adjusting unit are connected in series; the auxiliary system is used for providing black paint in the process of generating high-temperature plasma;

the acceleration module comprises a three-stage preliminary acceleration device and a laser shock strengthening device; the three-stage preliminary acceleration device is connected with the pressure controller through an air duct; the left part and the right part of the three-stage preliminary acceleration device are axisymmetrically distributed by the powder feeding device, and the middle part of the three-stage preliminary acceleration device is an air guide pipe; the pressure controller is connected with the gas storage tank through a gas guide pipe;

the excitation module comprises an auxiliary device and a repeated pulse strong magnetic field generating device; the repetitive pulse strong magnetic field generating device comprises an electromagnetic coil and two independent electromagnetic coil power supply units, wherein the two electromagnetic coil power supply units are independently connected to two ends of the electromagnetic coil; connecting the positive and negative poles of two electromagnetic coil power supply units with the wiring terminals of electromagnetic coils according to the polarity requirement of a preset magnetic field waveform, charging an energy supply element in each power supply unit to a preset voltage, and sleeving the electromagnetic coils on a small-sized Laval tube and a large-sized Laval tube; the auxiliary device is used for adding magnetism to the magnetism-lost nano particles again.

Further, the auxiliary system comprises a black paint conveying device, a gasket, high-pressure-resistant K9 glass, a black paint input port and a black paint output port;

the black paint conveying device is connected with the black paint input ports at the left upper part and the right upper part of the inner cavity of the laser strengthening impact device; the gasket is positioned on a flange of the outer wall of the inner cavity of the laser strengthening impact device; the high-pressure resistant K9 glass is arranged between the gaskets, and two black paint output ports which are symmetrically distributed along the axis are arranged at the bottom of the inner cavity.

Further, the powder feeding device includes: the air storage tank is connected with the air compressor, three air guide pipes are separated from the air storage tank, the left air guide pipe and the right air guide pipe are respectively connected with the powder feeding device, and the powder feeding device and the middle air guide pipe are connected with the input port of the nano particles.

Further, the auxiliary device comprises a magnetic conducting rod and an excitation auxiliary device; the magnetic conduction rod is a grinding wheel rotating shaft; an excitation auxiliary device is sleeved outside the grinding wheel; a permanent magnet is arranged in the excitation auxiliary device; and magnetic lines of force formed by the permanent magnets and the magnetic conducting rods are arranged along the radial direction of the grinding wheel forming cavity.

Further, the compressed gas is air with the pressure of 0.5Map to 3.0 MPa; the gas flow rate is 240 m/s-1000 m/s; the output pressure of the black paint is 480-500 kpa; the diameter of the black paint output port is 2mm, and the cone angle is 28 degrees; the pulse width of the laser emitted by the high-frequency high-power pulse laser unit is 5 ms-100 ms; the energy is 10J-100J; the light spot diameter of the light spot adjusting unit is 0.5 mm-12 mm.

The invention also provides a use method of the grinding device based on the magnetic weak strengthening impact implantation nanometer lubricating grinding wheel, which is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

step 1, starting an air compressor, enabling flowing gas generated by air compression to pass through a pressure gas storage tank and a pressure controller, and inputting accelerated gas into an accelerating pipe;

step 2, converging the gas of the accelerating tube into stronger gas flow through a three-stage primary accelerating device; the flowing gas accelerates the nano particles and guides the nano particles into the small Larre tube, meanwhile, the middle part in the three-stage primary acceleration device is provided with a vertical gas guide tube, the gas further accelerates the nano particles through the vertical gas guide tube, and the pressure and the flow speed in the air are adjusted by a pressure controller;

step 3, adjusting a high-frequency high-power pulse laser unit and a light spot adjusting unit in the laser light guide module; the high-frequency high-power pulse laser unit emits laser beams;

step 4, radiating laser beams to the black paint which is provided by the black paint conveying device and sprayed out from the black paint output port through the high-pressure-resistant K9 glass, enabling the black paint to absorb laser energy to be rapidly gasified and ionized, forming high-temperature plasma, enabling the plasma to continuously absorb the laser energy to rapidly increase the temperature and expand, and then carrying out micro-explosion to form high-strength shock waves;

step 5, controlling the two power supply units to control the electrical switch to sequentially discharge the electromagnetic coil according to a preset discharge time sequence; the preset voltage is determined according to the magnetic field intensity required by the waveform.

7. The use method of the grinding device based on the magnetic weak strengthening impact implantation nanometer lubricating grinding wheel according to the claim 6 is characterized in that: the air compressor is used for storing compressed air and stabilizing the pressure of the compressed air; the pressure controller controls the pressure output by the gas in the gas storage tank, and releases the gas after reaching a certain threshold value; and the air after the three-stage preliminary acceleration forms supersonic airflow in the nanoparticle input port to drive the nanoparticle powder to be sprayed out from the small-sized Larre tube.

Further, when the nanoparticles move to the wave-focusing filter net film, the nanoparticles are accelerated again by the shock wave thrust which is converged by the wave-focusing filter net film, when the nanoparticles pass through the wave-focusing filter net film, the nanoparticles are accelerated again by the thrust generated by the shock wave, when the nanoparticles reach the surface of the metal material, the metal nanoparticles obtain the maximum speed, and impact the surface of the metal material at the maximum speed, and the magnetic nano layer is formed by embedding the surface of the metal material.

Further, the magnetic poles are added to the nanoparticles in the maximum acceleration process, so that the nanoparticles ejected from the nozzle are ensured to be magnetic.

Furthermore, when the nanoparticles with magnetism impact the surface of the grinding wheel, the tail end of the nanolayer is different from the head end of the nanolayer and is magnetically presented on the surface, the shock wave source continuously generates shock waves to push the nanoparticles to impact the surface of the grinding wheel, and the head end of the nanoparticles is in heteropolar adsorption, bonding and film forming with the tail end of the sprayed nanolayer when impacting the surface of the grinding wheel.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. according to the method, the nano particles and abrasive particles on the surface of the grinding wheel are magnetized by means of shock waves, and the nano particles are directly shot into the bronze binding agent layer on the surface of the grinding wheel by the aid of the shock waves to form a thicker nano layer which is not easy to fall off even if the nano layer responds, namely, grinding fluid is directly released from the interior of the grinding wheel to the processing surface of a workpiece, so that the cooling and lubricating effects of a grinding core area are greatly improved, the low grinding specific energy is greatly reduced, and the problems that the single nano particle lubricating effect is not obvious, the nano particles are directly added into the grinding wheel binding agent, agglomeration is easy to occur, and the grinding area is difficult to respond in time are solved.

2. The method has two measures for preventing the agglomeration of the nano particles, on one hand, the shock wave is utilized to impact the accelerated nano particle pile which possibly has the agglomeration phenomenon in the agglomeration nano particle diffusion area so as to diffuse the nano particle pile; on the other hand, the nano particles which are still in an agglomeration phenomenon in the agglomeration nano particle diffusion area are screened by using the wave-gathering filter net film, and then are diffused again by repeated impact of shock waves.

3. The method of the invention does not generate the defects of corrosion, cracks and the like on the surface of the grinding wheel material, does not carbonize the diamond abrasive particles, and does not change the structure and the use of the grinding wheel.

4. The method can realize automation, and has high production efficiency and high surface nanocrystallization speed. The precision of grinding is improved, the safety performance is improved, the effect of precision grinding is achieved, and the economic benefit is obvious.

5. The method of the invention is characterized in that when the nano layer is sprayed on the surface of the grinding wheel and reaches the grinding core area, the grinding temperature is too high, the magnetized nano particles are demagnetized, the nano particles are automatically released from the surface of the grinding wheel, and the conversion of the grinding area lubrication method from the outside to the inside is realized.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a grinding device based on a magnetic weak strengthening impact implantation nanometer lubrication grinding wheel.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the principle of a laser-reinforced impact device.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the principle of self-releasing nanoparticles of a magnetic nanolayer in an abrasive machining core region.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a three-stage preliminary accelerator.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the agglomerated nanoparticle diffusion region principle.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of repulsion between the same abrasive particles and the nanoparticles.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a system for regular orientation of magnetized abrasive particles.

In the figure, 1, a computer industrial controller, 2, a digital controller, 3, a laser controller, 4, an electromagnetic coil power supply unit, 5, an air storage tank, 6, a pressure controller, 7, an air compressor, 8, an air guide pipe, 9, a powder feeding device, 10, a nanoparticle input port, 11, a small-sized Larre tube, 12, an electromagnetic coil, 13, a laser strengthening impact device, 1301, a high-frequency high-power pulse laser unit, 1302, a black paint conveying device, 1303, a black paint input port, 1304, black paint, 1305, a gasket, 1306, high-pressure resistant K9 glass, 1307, a black paint output port, 1308, a laser beam, 1309, a light spot adjusting unit, 1310, an optical adjusting unit, 1311, a focusing convex lens, 1312, an impact device port, 1313, plasma, 14, a large-sized Larre tube, 15, a wave-gathering filter net film, 16, an agglomerated nanoparticle diffusion region, 1601, a nanoparticle agglomeration region, 1602. the magnetic particle system comprises a nanoparticle dispersion area, 1603, shock waves, 17, an excitation auxiliary device, 18, a magnetic conducting rod, 19, a diamond grinding wheel, 20, magnetized abrasive particles, 21, magnetic nanoparticles, 22, demagnetized nanoparticles, 23, a workpiece, 24, a workbench, 25, a weak magnetic strengthening area, 26, a magnetic nano layer, 27, a three-stage primary accelerating device, 28, nanoparticles and 29, a permanent magnet.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment provides a grinding device based on a magnetic weak strengthening impact implantation nanometer lubrication grinding wheel, the device uses the shock wave generated by a laser impact device to accelerate the primarily accelerated nanoparticles again, and meanwhile, in the impact process and the primary acceleration process, the electromagnetic coil is magnetized to form a magnetized nano layer on the surface of the grinding wheel, due to the magnetic attraction and repulsion effect, a magnetic weak strengthening area is formed between the magnetic nano particles and the magnetized abrasive particles, when the temperature of the magnetic nano layer reaches the temperature of the grinding area when the magnetic nano layer rotates to be in contact with a workpiece, the magnetic nano particles are converted into the demagnetized nano particles to successfully release the nano particles, the lubricating and cooling effect is achieved in the grinding area, the conversion of the grinding lubricating mode from the outside to the inside is achieved, and the grinding quality is improved.

Based on magnetism weak reinforcement impact implantation nanometer lubricated emery wheel grinding device includes: the device comprises a control module, a laser light guide module, an auxiliary module, an acceleration module, a shock wave acceleration module and an excitation module.

The control module includes: the system comprises a computer industrial controller 1, a digital controller 2, a laser controller 3 and a pressure controller 6;

the upper end of the digital controller 2 is connected with the laser controller 3, and the lower end is connected with the computer industrial controller 1; the laser controller 3 is connected with the high-power pulse laser unit 1301; the computer industrial controller 1 respectively controls the laser controller 3 and the light spot adjusting unit 1309 through the digital controller 2, the laser controller 3 controls the high-power pulse laser unit 1301, and the pressure controller 6 controls the pressure output by the gas in the gas storage tank 5;

the laser light guide module comprises a laser strengthening impact device 13, a high-frequency high-power pulse laser unit 1301, a laser beam 1308, a light spot adjusting unit 1309, an optical adjusting unit 1310 and a focusing convex lens 1311;

the laser light guide module comprises an optical adjusting unit 1310, a high-frequency high-power pulse laser unit 1301, a light spot adjusting unit 1309 and an auxiliary system;

the light spot adjusting unit 1309 is positioned between the high-frequency high-power pulse laser unit 1301 and the optical adjusting unit 1310 and is connected with the digital controller 2;

the high-frequency high-power pulse laser unit 1301 is arranged above the light spot adjusting unit 1309; the optical adjusting unit 1310 is below the spot adjusting unit 1309;

the focusing convex lens 1311 is positioned in the optical adjusting unit 1310, and the high-frequency high-power pulse laser unit 1301, the light spot adjusting unit 1309 and the optical adjusting unit 1310 are connected in series; the auxiliary system is used for providing black paint 1304 in the process of generating high-temperature plasma;

the auxiliary module comprises a black paint conveying device 1302, a gasket 1305, high-pressure-resistant K9 glass 1306, a black paint input port 1303 and a black paint output port 1307;

wherein: as shown in fig. 2, a high-frequency high-power pulse laser unit 1301 (parameters include laser energy, pulse width) and a spot adjusting unit 1309 are adjusted in the laser light guide module. The high-frequency high-power pulse laser unit 1301 emits a laser beam 1308, the laser beam 1308 is radiated to the black paint 1304 which is provided by the black paint conveying device 1302 and sprayed out from the black paint output port 1307 through high-pressure resistant K9 glass 1306, the black paint 1304 absorbs the laser energy to be rapidly gasified and ionized, and a large amount of dense high-temperature plasma 1313 is almost simultaneously formed, the plasma 1313 continues to absorb the laser energy to be rapidly heated and expanded, then the micro-explosion forms high-intensity shock waves 1603,

as shown in fig. 1 and 4, the acceleration module includes: the device comprises an air storage tank 5, an air guide pipe 8, a powder feeding device 9, a three-level primary accelerating device 27 and a laser shock strengthening device 13;

the three-stage primary accelerating device 27 is connected with the pressure controller 6 through an air duct 8; the left part and the right part of the three-stage preliminary acceleration device 27 are axially symmetrically distributed by the powder feeding device 9, and the middle part is an air duct 8; the pressure controller 6 is connected with the gas storage tank 5 through a gas guide pipe 8;

the powder feeding device 9 comprises an air compressor 7 and an air storage tank 5, the air storage tank is connected with the air compressor 7, three air guide pipes 8 are separated from the air storage tank 5, the left air guide pipe 8 and the right air guide pipe 8 are respectively connected with the powder feeding device 9, and the powder feeding device 9 and the middle air guide pipe 8 are connected with the nanoparticle input port 10.

Open air compressor 7 in the acceleration module, the mobile gas that 7 production were hit in the air compression passes through pressure gas holder 5 and pressure controller 6, gas input tertiary preliminary accelerating device 27 after the acceleration assembles into stronger air current, tertiary preliminary accelerating device 27 two parts on the left and right sides are powder feeding device 9, powder feeding device 9 is inside to be stored with nano particle 28, mobile gas accelerates metal nano particle 28 and in leading-in small-size Larr law pipe 11, the intermediate part in tertiary preliminary accelerating device 27 is perpendicular air duct 8 simultaneously, gas further accelerates for nano particle 28 through perpendicular air duct 8, pressure and velocity of flow in the pressure controller 6 regulation air.

As shown in fig. 2 and 5, the shock wave acceleration module comprises a large rall method tube 14, a wave-collecting filter mesh 15, a black paint 1304 and a shock device port 1312;

in the shock wave accelerating module, nanoparticles 28 with initial speed coming out of a small-sized Larre tube 11 are easy to form a nanoparticle agglomeration region 1601, the agglomerated nanoparticles are broken down to form a nanoparticle dispersion region 1602 under the action of high-strength shock waves 1603, the high-strength shock waves 1603 effectively inhibit the occurrence of nanoparticle agglomeration phenomenon, and the dispersion performance of the nanoparticles is improved, meanwhile, the high-strength shock wave thrust acts on the primarily accelerated nanoparticles 28 to enable the initial speed of multiple sound velocities to pass through a wave-focusing filter net film 15 to impact the surface of a grinding wheel 19, the nanoparticles 28 are continuously accelerated along with the continuous propagation of the shock waves 1603 in the air, and the speed of the nanoparticles 28 is faster and faster, so that the maximum speed of the nanoparticles impacts the surface of the grinding wheel 19 to form a nanolayer 26.

The compressed gas is air: the air pressure is 0.5 Map-3.0 MPa; the gas flow rate is 240 m/s-1000 m/s; the output pressure of the black paint 1304 is 480-500 kpa; the diameter of the black paint output port 1307 is 2mm, and the cone angle is 28 degrees; the pulse width of the laser emitted by the high-frequency high-power pulse laser unit 1301 is 5 ms-100 ms adjustable; the energy is adjustable between 10J and 100J; the spot diameter of the spot adjusting unit 1309 is 0.5 mm-12 mm. Under the condition of the parameters, the motion speed of the nano-particles 28 can reach 3340 m/s-6000 m/s.

The excitation module comprises an auxiliary device and a repeated pulse strong magnetic field generating device;

the auxiliary devices comprise a magnetic conducting rod 18 and an excitation auxiliary device 17; the magnetic conduction rod 18 is a grinding wheel rotating shaft; an excitation auxiliary device 17 is sleeved outside the grinding wheel; a permanent magnet 29 is arranged in the excitation auxiliary device 17; the magnetic lines of force formed by the permanent magnets 29 and the magnetic conducting rods 18 are arranged along the radial direction of the grinding wheel forming cavity.

The repetitive pulse strong magnetic field generating device comprises an electromagnetic coil 12 and two independent electromagnetic coil power supply units 4, wherein the two electromagnetic coil power supply units 4 are independently connected to two ends of the electromagnetic coil 12; connecting the positive and negative poles of the two electromagnetic coil power supply units 4 with the terminals of the electromagnetic coils 12 according to the polarity requirement of a preset magnetic field waveform, charging energy supply elements in each power supply unit 4 to preset voltage, and sleeving the electromagnetic coils 12 on the small-sized Laval tube 11 and the large-sized Laval tube 14; the auxiliary means is used to re-magnetize the magnetically-lost nanoparticles 22.

The grinding wheel 19 is preferably a metal bond diamond grinding wheel; the metal bond is preferably a bronze bond; the surface of the grinding wheel refers to a bronze bonding agent layer; the bronze bonding agent is mainly Cu-Sn-Ni (copper-tin-nickel alloy).

As shown in fig. 1 and 7, in the excitation module, the electromagnetic coil 12 is connected to the electromagnetic coil power supply unit 4, and the electromagnetic coil power supply unit 4 is controlled to be turned on and off according to the discharge time, so that a repetitive pulse magnetic field whose waveform intensity, polarity and frequency are changed as required can be generated. The permanent magnet 29, the magnetic conduction rod 18 and the magnetized abrasive particles 20 form a magnetized abrasive particle regular orientation system, the central shaft hole of the grinding wheel 19 is matched with the shape of the magnetic conduction rod 18, and the magnetized abrasive particles 20 are magnetized under the action of a magnetic field and are regularly arranged along the direction of magnetic lines of force.

When the surface of the grinding wheel 19 with the magnetized nano-layer 26 rotates to be in contact with a workpiece 23, in a grinding core area, due to the fact that the temperature rises, the magnetized nano-particles 21 are converted into the demagnetized nano-particles 22, mechanical actions such as sliding, collision and extrusion of grinding processing are added, the magnetized nano-layer 26 is released in time, meanwhile, after the grinding wheel finishes one grinding process, the temperature rises, the demagnetized nano-particles 21 are possibly not released in time in the grinding core area, and the magnetized nano-particles 22 can be added with magnetism again through a magnetized abrasive particle regular orientation system; the nano particles 28 play a role of ball-like on the interface of the magnetized abrasive particles 20 and the workpiece 23, so that the sliding friction in the grinding area is converted into sliding-rolling composite friction, and the instant antifriction lubricating effect in the grinding area is realized; and because the nano particles have good heat conduction coefficient, the temperature of the grinding area can be effectively reduced, and the internal cooling effect of the grinding area is further improved.

The embodiment also provides a use method of the magnetic weak strengthening impact implantation-based nano lubricating grinding wheel grinding device, which comprises the following steps:

step 1, starting an air compressor 7, enabling flowing gas generated by air compression 7 to pass through a pressure gas storage tank 5 and a pressure controller 6, and inputting accelerated gas into an accelerating pipe;

the air compressor 7 is used for storing compressed air and stabilizing the pressure of the compressed air; the pressure controller 6 controls the pressure output by the gas in the gas storage tank 5, and releases the gas after reaching a certain threshold value; the three-stage preliminarily accelerated air forms supersonic airflow in the input port 10 of the nanoparticles 28, and drives the nanoparticle powder to be ejected from the small-sized Larre tube 11.

Step 2, the gas in the accelerating tube is converged into stronger gas flow through a three-level primary accelerating device 27; the flowing gas accelerates the nano-particles 28 and guides the nano-particles into the small-sized Larre tube 11, meanwhile, the middle part in the three-stage primary acceleration device 27 is provided with the vertical air guide tube 8, the gas further accelerates the nano-particles 28 through the vertical air guide tube 8, and the pressure controller 6 regulates the pressure and the flow rate in the air;

in this step, the air after the three-stage preliminary acceleration forms supersonic airflow in the input port 10 of the nanoparticles 28, and drives the nanoparticle powder to be ejected from the small-sized rale tube 11.

Step 3, adjusting a high-frequency high-power pulse laser unit 1301 and a light spot adjusting unit 1309 in a laser light guide module; the high-frequency high-power pulse laser unit 1301 emits a laser beam 1308;

step 4, radiating laser beams 1308 onto black paint 1304 which is provided by a black paint conveying device 1302 and sprayed out from a black paint output port 1307 through high-pressure-resistant K9 glass 1306, wherein the black paint 1304 absorbs laser energy to be rapidly gasified and ionized, and a large amount of dense high-temperature plasma 1313 is almost simultaneously formed, the plasma 1313 continuously absorbs the laser energy to rapidly increase in temperature and expand, and then the high-intensity shock wave 1603 is formed by micro explosion;

in this step, the high-intensity shock wave 1603 generates a great thrust to the nanoparticles 28 with a certain speed to make them move downward at an initial speed which is several times of the speed of sound, with the continuous propagation of the shock wave in the air, when the nanoparticles 28 move to the wave-focusing filter mesh 15, the nanoparticles 28 are accelerated again by the shock wave thrust which is converged again by the wave-focusing filter mesh 15, when the nanoparticles 28 pass through the wave-focusing filter mesh 15, the nanoparticles 28 are accelerated again by the thrust generated by the shock wave, the nanoparticles 28 are accelerated continuously by the thrust generated by the shock wave which propagates in the air, the speed of the nanoparticles 28 is faster and faster, and when the nanoparticles 28 reach the surface of the metal material, the metal nanoparticles obtain the maximum speed, and impact the surface of the metal material at the maximum speed to form the magnetic nanolayer 26 embedded in the surface of the metal material.

And 5, controlling the two power supply units 4 to control the electrical switches to discharge the electromagnetic coil 12 in sequence according to a preset discharging time sequence. The preset voltage is determined according to the magnetic field intensity required by the waveform. And setting the discharge time sequence according to the magnetic field frequency required by the waveform, and adjusting the waveform frequency in the preset power supply according to the required magnetic field intensity direction.

In this step, the pulsed magnetic field is a magnetic field generated in space by a pulse current passing through the electromagnetic coil 12, the direction of the current passing through the coil determines the polarity of the waveform of the magnetic field, and the pulse current is intermittently repeated to the magnet coil to generate a repetitive pulse magnetic field.

In this step, the nanoparticles 28 are selected from paramagnetic nanoparticles, and only under the action of an external magnetic field, the magnetic moments of atoms in each nanoparticle 28 are relatively regularly oriented; the paramagnetic nanoparticles are inversely proportional to the temperature T.

In this step, the nanoparticles 28 are added with magnetic poles in the maximum acceleration process to ensure that the nanoparticles 28 ejected from the nozzle are attached with magnetism, because the nanoparticles 28 are preferably paramagnetic nanoparticles, the atoms of the nanoparticles 28 have no interaction, the magnetic moments of the atoms are in chaotic distribution in a balanced state without an external magnetic field, the total magnetic moment is zero, and when an external magnetic field is applied, the magnetic moments of the atoms in the nanoparticles 28 tend to the magnetic field strength direction; the high-intensity shock wave 1603 generated by the shock wave source impacts the nano particles with higher initial speed until the high-intensity shock wave impacts the surface of the grinding wheel 19 at the highest speed, under the action of an external magnetic field, two end poles of the falling magnetic nano particles 21 are provided with different magnetic poles, the end poles at the lower ends of the magnetic nano particles 21 are in the same magnetic grade with the magnetized abrasive particles 20, the falling magnetic nano particles 21 and the magnetized abrasive particles 20 play a role due to homopolar repulsion, after the grinding wheel abrasive particles are paved with one layer of nano particles, the magnetic nano particles 21 on the next layer and the magnetic nano layers 26 on the surface of the grinding wheel form uniformly distributed magnetic nano layers 26 on a bronze binding agent layer on the surface of the grinding wheel due to the heteropolar attraction principle.

In this step, when the magnetic nanoparticles 21 impact the surface of the grinding wheel 19, the magnetic nanoparticles 21 with strong thrust are firstly tightly adhered to the magnetized abrasive particles 20, but the magnetic nanoparticles 21 tightly adhered to the magnetized abrasive particles 20 by the same-level repulsion effect slowly separate from the surface of the abrasive particles along with the rotation of the grinding wheel 19, but the magnetic nanoparticles 21 do not fall off and do not respond in time when not reaching the grinding area due to the strong shock wave generated by the wave source. At the moment, the tail end of the nano layer is different from the head end of the nano layer in magnetism, shock waves 1603 are continuously generated by the shock wave source to push the nano particles 28 to impact the surface of the grinding wheel, and the head end of the nano particles 28 impact the surface of the grinding wheel 19 and are adsorbed, bonded and formed into a film with different poles with the tail end of the sprayed nano layer.

The pulse magnetic field is a magnetic field generated in space by pulse current passing through the electromagnetic coil 12, the direction of the current passing through the coil determines the polarity of the waveform of the magnetic field, and the pulse current is intermittently and repeatedly applied to the magnetic coil to generate a repetitive pulse magnetic field. The nano-particles 28 are selected from paramagnetic nano-particles, and only under the action of an external magnetic field, the magnetic moments of atoms in each nano-particle 28 are regularly oriented; the paramagnetic nanoparticles are inversely proportional to the temperature T.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a based on magnetism weak point is reinforceed and is implanted lubricated emery wheel grinding device of nanometer which characterized in that: the device comprises a control module, a laser light guide module, an acceleration module and an excitation module;

the control module comprises a computer industrial controller (1), a digital controller (2), a laser controller (3) and a pressure controller (6);

the upper end of the digital controller (2) is connected with the laser controller (3), and the lower end is connected with the computer industrial controller (1); the laser controller (3) is connected with the high-power pulse laser unit (1301); the computer industrial controller (1) respectively controls the laser controller (3) and the light spot adjusting unit (1309) through the digital controller (2), the laser controller (3) controls the high-power pulse laser unit (1301), and the pressure controller (6) controls the pressure output by the gas in the gas storage tank (5);

the laser light guide module comprises an optical adjusting unit (1310), a high-frequency high-power pulse laser unit (1301), a light spot adjusting unit (1309) and an auxiliary system;

the light spot adjusting unit (1309) is positioned between the high-frequency high-power pulse laser unit (1301) and the optical adjusting unit (1310) and is connected with the digital controller (2); the high-frequency high-power pulse laser unit (1301) is arranged on the light spot adjusting unit (1309); the optical adjusting unit (1310) is arranged below the light spot adjusting unit (1309); the focusing convex lens (1311) is positioned in the optical adjusting unit (1310), and the high-frequency high-power pulse laser unit (1301) and the light spot adjusting unit (1309) are connected with the optical adjusting unit (1310) in series; the auxiliary system is used for providing black paint (1304) in the process of generating high-temperature plasma;

the acceleration module comprises a three-stage preliminary acceleration device (27) and a laser shock peening device (13); the three-stage primary accelerating device (27) is connected with the pressure controller (6) through an air duct (8); the left part and the right part of the three-stage preliminary acceleration device (27) are axially symmetrically distributed by the powder feeding device (9), and the middle part is provided with an air duct (8); the pressure controller (6) is connected with the gas storage tank (5) through a gas guide pipe (8);

the excitation module comprises an auxiliary device and a repeated pulse strong magnetic field generating device; the repetitive pulse strong magnetic field generating device comprises an electromagnetic coil (12) and two independent electromagnetic coil power supply units (4), wherein the two electromagnetic coil power supply units (4) are respectively and independently connected to two ends of the electromagnetic coil (12); connecting the positive and negative poles of two electromagnetic coil power supply units (4) with the terminals of electromagnetic coils (12) according to the polarity requirement of a preset magnetic field waveform, charging energy supply elements in each power supply unit (4) to preset voltage, and sleeving the electromagnetic coils (12) on a small-sized Laval tube (11) and a large-sized Laval tube (14); the auxiliary device is used for adding magnetism to the magnetism-lost nano particles (22) again.

2. The grinding device based on the magnetic weak strengthening impact implantation nanometer lubricating grinding wheel as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the auxiliary system comprises a black paint conveying device (1302), a gasket (1305), high-pressure-resistant K9 glass (1306), a black paint input port (1303) and a black paint output port (1307);

the black paint conveying device (1302) is connected with the black paint input ports (1303) at the left upper part and the right upper part of the inner cavity of the laser strengthening impact device (13); the gasket (1305) is positioned on a flange of the outer wall of the inner cavity of the laser-reinforced impact device (13); the high-pressure resistant K9 glass (1306) is arranged between the gaskets (1305), and the bottom of the inner cavity is provided with two black paint output ports (1307) which are symmetrically distributed along the axis.

3. The grinding device based on the magnetic weak strengthening impact implantation nanometer lubricating grinding wheel as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the powder feeding device (9) comprises: air compressor (7) and gas holder (5), gas holder (5) with air compressor (7) are connected, follow three air duct (8) of gas holder (5) branch, wherein control two air ducts (8) and be connected with powder feeding device (9) respectively, and powder feeding device (9) and middle air duct (8) are connected with nanoparticle input port (10) again.

4. The grinding device based on the magnetic weak strengthening impact implantation nanometer lubricating grinding wheel as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the auxiliary device comprises a magnetic conducting rod (18) and an excitation auxiliary device (17); the magnetic conduction rod (18) is a grinding wheel rotating shaft; an excitation auxiliary device (17) is sleeved outside the grinding wheel; a permanent magnet (29) is arranged in the excitation auxiliary device (17); and magnetic lines of force formed by the permanent magnets (29) and the magnetic conducting rods (18) are arranged along the radial direction of the grinding wheel forming cavity.

5. The grinding device based on the magnetic weak strengthening impact implantation nanometer lubricating grinding wheel as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the compressed gas is air with the air pressure of 0.5 Map-3.0 MPa; the gas flow rate is 240 m/s-1000 m/s; the output pressure of the black paint (1304) is 480-500 kpa; the diameter of the black paint output port (1307) is 2mm, and the cone angle is 28 degrees; the pulse width of laser emitted by the high-frequency high-power pulse laser unit (1301) is 5-100 ms; the energy is 10J-100J; the spot diameter of the spot adjusting unit (1309) is 0.5 mm-12 mm.

6. The use method of the grinding device based on the magnetic weak strengthening impact implantation nanometer lubricating grinding wheel as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

step 1, starting an air compressor (7), enabling flowing gas generated by air compression striking (7) to pass through a pressure gas storage tank (5) and a pressure controller (6), and inputting accelerated gas into an accelerating pipe;

step 2, the gas of the accelerating tube is converged into stronger gas flow through a three-level primary accelerating device (27); flowing gas accelerates the nano particles (28) and guides the nano particles into the small Larre tube (11), meanwhile, the middle part in the three-stage primary acceleration device (27) is provided with a vertical gas guide tube (8), the gas further accelerates the nano particles (28) through the vertical gas guide tube (8), and the pressure controller (6) regulates the pressure and the flow rate in the air;

step 3, adjusting a high-frequency high-power pulse laser unit (1301) and a light spot adjusting unit (1309) in the laser light guide module; the high-frequency high-power pulse laser unit (1301) emits a laser beam (1308);

step 4, irradiating laser beams (1308) onto black paint (1304) which is provided by a black paint conveying device (1302) and sprayed out from a black paint output port (1307) through high-pressure-resistant K9 glass (1306), enabling the black paint (1304) to absorb laser energy to be rapidly gasified and ionized, forming high-temperature plasma (1313), enabling the plasma (1313) to continuously absorb the laser energy to rapidly increase in temperature and expand, and then carrying out micro-explosion to form high-intensity shock waves (1603);

step 5, controlling the two power supply units (4) to control the electrical switch to sequentially discharge the electromagnetic coil (12) according to a preset discharge time sequence; the preset voltage is determined according to the magnetic field intensity required by the waveform.

7. The use method of the grinding device based on the magnetic weak strengthening impact implantation nanometer lubricating grinding wheel according to the claim 6 is characterized in that: the air compressor (7) is used for storing compressed air and stabilizing the pressure of the compressed air; the pressure controller (6) controls the pressure output by the gas in the gas storage tank (5), and releases the gas after reaching a certain threshold value; and the air after the three-stage preliminary acceleration forms supersonic airflow in the input port (10) of the nano particles (28) to drive the nano particle powder to be sprayed out from the small-sized Larre tube (11).

8. The use method of the grinding device based on the magnetic weak strengthening impact implantation nanometer lubricating grinding wheel according to the claim 6 is characterized in that: when the nano particles (28) move to the wave-focusing filter net film (15), the thrust of the shock waves converged again by the wave-focusing filter net film (15) accelerates the nano particles (28) again, when the nano particles (28) pass through the wave-focusing filter net film (15), the thrust generated by the shock waves accelerates the nano particles (28) again, the metal nano particles obtain the maximum speed when reaching the surface of the metal material, and impact the surface of the metal material at the maximum speed to be embedded into the surface of the metal material to form a magnetic nano layer (26).

9. The use method of the grinding device based on the magnetic weak strengthening impact implantation nanometer lubricating grinding wheel according to the claim 6 is characterized in that: the nano particles (28) are added with magnetic poles in the maximum acceleration process, so that the nano particles (28) ejected from the nozzle are ensured to be attached with magnetism.

10. The use method of the grinding device based on the magnetic weak strengthening impact implantation nanometer lubricating grinding wheel according to the claim 6 is characterized in that: when the magnetic nanoparticles (21) impact the surface of the grinding wheel (19), the tail end of the nano layer is different from the head end of the nano layer and is magnetically presented on the surface, shock waves (1603) are continuously generated by the shock wave source to push the nanoparticles (28) to impact the surface of the grinding wheel, and the head end of the nanoparticles (28) impact the surface of the grinding wheel (19) and are adsorbed, bonded and formed into a film with the opposite polarity of the tail end of the sprayed nano layer.

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