CN114433896A - Automatic aligning and boosting support device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic aligning and boosting support, wherein a piston end cover is in threaded connection with the bottom of a thrust piston, a return spring is installed in an upper inner cavity of the piston end cover, a dead end seat is installed at the top of the return spring, a clamping sleeve and a steel ball are installed at the top of the dead end seat, a support rod is installed in the piston end cover and the clamping sleeve, the support rod is located in the return spring, the top of the support rod penetrates through the top of a cylinder body and is in threaded connection with a support cap, an ejection spring is installed at the bottom of the support cap, an ejection spring seat is installed at the bottom of the ejection spring and is in threaded connection with the top of a lifting piston, a return spring is sleeved on the lifting piston, and the return spring is located in a lower inner cavity of the piston end cover. The invention can utilize the lifting piston to boost the thrust piston, and realizes the maximum thrust in a limited space; the clamping sleeve is designed to be convex and concave, so that the phenomenon of wire clamping caused by machining errors can be compensated, and the automatic aligning and clamping effects are achieved.

Description

Automatic aligning and boosting support

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic support of machining tool fixtures, in particular to a support capable of automatically aligning and boosting.

Background

The hydraulic support is widely applied to a machining tool and a hydraulic clamp, and the support function of the hydraulic support is to support the reverse side of a machined surface, so that the machined surface is not affected by a cutting force to deform in the cutting process. The supporting device can be used for the reference surface or some special-shaped parts, so that a large amount of clamping time can be reduced in batch production, and the working efficiency can be obviously improved. The requirements on the support device are to have enough clamping and supporting functions, otherwise, the processing precision of the workpiece can be directly influenced, and even equipment damage and personal safety can be caused.

At present, the structures of low-pressure supporters produced at home and abroad are the same and different, and the supporting rods are radially clamped by driving the inner cone and the outer cone and the steel ball to move relatively by hydraulic oil so that the axial force is converted into the radial force. The structure of the existing similar products in the market has a forward cone type and an inverted cone type, such as: the product of Pascal corporation, Japan, published on the Pascal website in 2006-2021 (forward cone), (https:// www.pascaleng.co.jp/application/files/8615/6075/1346/cls-35c _ csn. pdf # page ═ 1). The product of kojiu corporation, japan, published in kojiu network in 2002-2020 (forward coning), (http:// www.kosmek-cn. com/php _ file/chn _ product _ page. phping ═ 3& no ═ 149_00_01& group ═ 105). Chinese patent CN201953740U, a new support structure (inverted cone type). Chinese patent CN203560197U, a floating support cylinder (inverted cone type).

The existing support has the following problems: mainly there is unstable factor in the holding power of eyelidretractor, and in the use, the processing work piece produces the vibration easily, can lead to work piece machining precision not enough, and its reason mainly has two aspects, one: the effective area of the thrust piston of the support is not designed sufficiently, and the size of the supporting force of the support depends on the effective annular area of the thrust piston. The effective area design is small, the thrust of the thrust piston can be small, and the clamping force of the clamping sleeve and the supporting force of the supporting rod can be small. The larger the effective area, the greater the thrust, the greater the clamping force applied to the clamping sleeve, and vice versa. The support is small in size, and how to increase the thrust of the thrust piston in a limited volume is a problem needing innovation. The second step is as follows: the thrust design of thrust piston is big enough and holding power is little, because the inner cone face of thrust piston is big with the outer circular cone face complex machining precision error of clamping sleeve, and the cylindricity of clamping sleeve hole is big with the cylindricity error of the excircle of bracing piece, also can cause the clamping sleeve to be not enough to the clamp force of bracing piece, when inner cone face and outer circular cone face complex machining precision had the error, line contact can appear in the interior conical surface, lead to clamping sleeve hole and bracing piece excircle production or upper end or lower extreme line contact to press from both sides tightly. When the cylindricity precision of the clamping sleeve inner hole and the supporting rod excircle has an error, the phenomenon of middle line contact clamping can occur, and the larger the error is, the smaller the clamping force is. Therefore, the problems that the clamping force is insufficient and the supporting force is insufficient are caused by taper errors and cylindricity errors generated during processing of the inner conical surface of the thrust piston, the outer conical surface of the clamping sleeve, the outer circle of the supporting rod and the inner circle of the clamping sleeve.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a support capable of automatically aligning and increasing force to solve the problems.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides an automatic eyelidretractor of aligning and reinforcement, comprising a cylinder body, the base is installed to the inner chamber bottom of cylinder body, the piston end cover is installed at the top of base, the bottom threaded connection of piston end cover and thrust piston, install return spring in the upper portion inner chamber of piston end cover, end seat is installed at return spring's top, tight cover and steel ball are installed to end seat's top, the steel ball is located between tight cover and the thrust piston, install the retaining ring between steel ball and the inner chamber top of cylinder body, install the bracing piece in piston end cover and the tight cover of clamp, the bracing piece is located return spring, the top of cylinder body is worn out at the top of bracing piece and threaded connection has the support cap, ejecting spring is installed to the bottom of support cap, ejecting spring seat is installed to ejecting spring's bottom, ejecting spring seat and the top threaded connection of rising piston, the cover is equipped with the return spring on the rising piston, the return spring is located the lower part inner chamber of piston end cover.

Furthermore, a shaft head is arranged at the lower end part of the supporting rod, the outer diameter of the shaft head is larger than that of the supporting rod, and a stop end shoulder is arranged on the inner side surface of the shaft head; a stop end face and an inner hole are arranged in the stop end seat, and the inner diameter of the inner hole is smaller than the outer diameter of the shaft head and larger than the outer diameter of the supporting rod; the end head of the piston end cover is provided with an end surface A.

Furthermore, a convex surface is arranged on the outer conical surface of the clamping sleeve, a concave surface is arranged in the middle of the inner hole of the clamping sleeve, and a shrinkage-expansion opening is formed in the clamping sleeve; the thrust piston is internally provided with an inner conical surface of the thrust piston.

The invention adds the shaft head, the end shoulder and the end surface on the end seat at the lower end part of the supporting rod to control the maximum stroke of the supporting rod, breaks through the traditional structure that the base and the lifting piston are used for controlling the maximum stroke of the supporting rod, thus the lifting piston can be used for reinforcing the thrust piston, and the maximum thrust is realized in the limited space. The middle convex surface is additionally arranged on the outer circular conical surface of the clamping sleeve, so that the phenomenon of linear contact clamping on the upper part or the lower part caused by the taper error generated during the machining of the outer circular conical surface of the clamping sleeve and the inner circular conical surface of the thrust piston is eliminated, the thrust of the thrust piston directly acts the radial clamping force on the middle position of the clamping sleeve through the steel ball, and the automatic centering effect is achieved. The middle of the inner hole of the clamping sleeve is additionally provided with a concave surface which is an upper clamping surface and a lower clamping surface, so that the phenomenon that the middle line is in contact with and clamped with two ends empty when clamping caused by cylindricity errors generated when the inner hole of the clamping sleeve and the excircle of the supporting rod are machined is eliminated. The clamping sleeve is designed to be convex and concave, so that the phenomenon of wire clamping caused by machining errors can be compensated, and the automatic aligning and clamping effects are achieved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a support bar construction;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view B-B of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a clamping sleeve configuration;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the clamping sleeve;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a piston end cap;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the thrust piston;

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the end stop;

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the base;

fig. 10 is a schematic view of a lift piston configuration.

Wherein: 1. the piston comprises a cylinder body, a base, a thrust piston, a clamping sleeve, a supporting rod, a supporting cap, a lifting piston, a return spring, a push-out spring, a return spring, a steel ball, a vent hole, a vent groove, a vent hole, a vent groove, an oil passage hole, a vent groove, a vent hole, a vent shoulder, a vent end face, a vent groove, an oil passage hole, a vent groove, a vent shoulder, a vent end face, an oil groove, a vent hole shoulder, a vent hole shoulder, a vent hole, a hole.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present invention are further described below with reference to fig. 1-10.

A self-aligning and self-energizing support comprises a cylinder body 1, a base 2 is installed at the bottom of an inner cavity of the cylinder body 1, a piston end cover 26 is installed at the top of the base 2, the piston end cover 26 is in threaded connection with the bottom of a thrust piston 3, a return spring 11 is installed in an inner cavity of the upper portion of the piston end cover 26, an end seat 30 is installed at the top of the return spring 11, a clamping sleeve 4 and a steel ball 12 are installed at the top of the end seat 30, the steel ball 12 is located between the clamping sleeve 4 and the thrust piston 3, a retainer ring 25 is installed between the steel ball 12 and the top of the inner cavity of the cylinder body 1, a support rod 5 is installed in the piston end cover 26 and the clamping sleeve 4, the support rod 5 is located in the return spring 11, the top of the support rod 5 penetrates through the top of the cylinder body 1 and is in threaded connection with a support cap 6, an ejection spring 10 is installed at the bottom of the support cap 6, an ejection spring seat 20 is installed at the bottom of the ejection spring seat 20 and is in threaded connection with the top of a rising piston 7, the lifting piston 7 is sleeved with a return spring 9, and the return spring 9 is positioned in a lower inner cavity of the piston end cover 26.

A shaft head 37 is arranged at the lower end part of the supporting rod 5, the outer diameter of the shaft head 37 is larger than that of the supporting rod 5, and an end shoulder 16 is arranged on the inner side surface of the shaft head 37; the end stop seat 30 is internally provided with an end stop surface 17 and an inner hole 42, and the inner diameter of the inner hole 42 is smaller than the outer diameter of the shaft head 37 and larger than the outer diameter of the support rod 5; the end 33 of the piston end cover 26 is provided with an A end face 23. The distance from the B-end 24 to the a-end 23 of the lifting piston 7 and the distance from the end shoulder 16 on the stub shaft 37 to the end surface 17 on the end seat 30 are designed to be equal. When the lifting piston 7 rises and drives the support rod 5 to lift from the zero point position 39 until the end face B24 on the lifting piston 7 contacts the end face a 23 on the end head 33 of the piston end cover 26, the end stop shoulder 16 of the support rod 5 contacts the end stop face 17 on the end stop seat 30 at the same time, and the support rod 5 stops. At this time, because the inner hole bottom platform 38 of the base inner hole 22 is designed to be deeper than the end surface A23 on the piston end cover 26, the piston 7 can be lifted to continue to drive the piston end cover 26 and the thrust piston 3 to lift under the action of oil pressure, so as to play a role of boosting, the boosting size can be adjusted and designed to be the size of the lifting piston diameter 43, and the boosting is larger when the diameter is larger. The thrust piston 3 can be boosted by the lifting piston 7 due to the increase of the end stop shoulder 16 of the spindle head 37 and the limitation of the maximum stroke by the support rod 5 itself, the larger the lifting piston diameter 43, the larger the boosting.

The convex surface 40 is arranged on the clamping sleeve outer conical surface 29 of the clamping sleeve 4, and the thrust of the thrust piston 3 is converted into radial force through the steel ball 12 and directly acts on the position of the middle convex surface 40 of the clamping sleeve 4 to clamp the supporting rod 5. The purpose of this design is to eliminate the phenomenon of line contact clamping up or down caused by the taper error generated during the machining of the clamping sleeve external taper surface 29 and the thrust piston internal taper surface 28. The middle part of the inner hole of the clamping sleeve 4 is provided with a concave surface 41, namely an upper clamping surface A and a lower clamping surface B of the inner hole of the clamping sleeve 4 tightly hold the supporting rod 5, and the design aims to eliminate the phenomenon of middle line contact clamping when clamping caused by cylindricity errors generated when the inner hole of the clamping sleeve 4 and the excircle of the supporting rod 5 are processed. The clamping sleeve 4 is designed into a structure with an outward convex and an inward concave, and has the function of automatic aligning and clamping. An elastic contracting and expanding opening 19 is arranged on the clamping sleeve 4, and the inner hole of the clamping sleeve 4 can be promoted to contract into the best effect of tightly holding the outer diameter of the supporting rod 5 in the same circle under the action of the force of the steel balls 12 on the circumference.

Hydraulic oil enters the bottom of the base 2 from the oil inlet 27, pushes the lifting piston 7 and drives the ejection spring seat 20, the ejection spring 10, the support cap 6 and the support rod 5 to ascend together, the support rod 5 is jacked up by the ejection spring 10, when the end face B24 on the lifting piston 7 ascends to the end face A23 of the piston end cover 26, the stop end shoulder 16 on the shaft head 37 at the lower end part of the support rod 5 and the stop end surface 17 on the stop end seat 30 are simultaneously contacted and limited, the support rod 5 stops immediately (the point is the maximum stroke of the support device, the support cap 6 contacts with a workpiece during working, and the support rod 5 stops rising immediately when encountering elastic resistance of about one kilogram), at the moment, because the inner hole bottom platform 38 of the inner hole 22 of the base is deeper than the A end surface 23 on the piston end cover 26, therefore, the piston 7 can be lifted under the action of oil pressure to drive the piston end cover 26 and the thrust piston 3 to rise continuously, so as to play a role of boosting. At the same time of boosting the lifting piston 7, another part of hydraulic oil enters the annular oil groove 18 from the oil passage hole 15 and pushes the piston end cover 26 and the thrust piston 3 to rise together with the lifting piston 7. Under the thrust action of the thrust piston 3, the inner conical surface 28 of the thrust piston, the steel ball 12 and the outer conical surface 29 of the clamping sleeve do relative motion, so that the axial force is converted into a radial force, the steel ball 12 applies radial holding force to the middle of the outer conical surface 29 of the clamping sleeve and clamps the support rod 5, and the support rod 5 plays a role in supporting a workpiece. After the work is finished, the oil pressure stops, the return spring 11 drives the piston end cover 26 and the thrust piston 3 to return, the thrust force disappears, the steel ball 12 returns to the free state, the clamping sleeve 4 loosens the clamping of the supporting rod 5 by elastic resilience of the clamping sleeve, the lifting piston 7 returns under the action of the return spring 9, and the supporting rod 5 is driven to return to the zero point position 39 through the ejection spring seat 20. During the lifting and return of the piston 7, the base inner bore 22 and other gases in the cylinder 1 are vented through the vent hole 13 and vent groove 14.

In the process of developing products, the company is manufactured according to the Japanese structural design, assembly tests are carried out after the company is processed by common equipment, the supporting force index cannot meet the requirement, assembly tests cannot reach the standard after the company is processed by a good precision processing factory, and trial production is carried out for multiple times without success. The trial production is successful once after the improvement according to the technical scheme, all technical indexes meet the technical requirements, and all parts are processed by the common equipment of our company. The technical scheme can improve the qualification rate of product processing and the stability of the supporting force of the supporting rod, has simple structure, adopts the split design of the clamping sleeve and the thrust piston, saves labor and materials, is convenient to process and assemble, has low manufacturing cost, and effectively improves the qualification rate of product quality and the stability of the service performance of the product.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be able to cover the technical solutions and the inventive concepts of the present invention within the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. The automatic aligning and boosting support is characterized by comprising a cylinder body (1), wherein a base (2) is installed at the bottom of an inner cavity of the cylinder body (1), a piston end cover (26) is installed at the top of the base (2), the piston end cover (26) is in threaded connection with the bottom of a thrust piston (3), a return spring (11) is installed in an inner cavity of the upper portion of the piston end cover (26), an end seat (30) is installed at the top of the return spring (11), a clamping sleeve (4) and a steel ball (12) are installed at the top of the end seat (30), the steel ball (12) is located between the clamping sleeve (4) and the thrust piston (3), a check ring (25) is installed between the steel ball (12) and the top of the inner cavity of the cylinder body (1), support rods (5) are installed in the piston end cover (26) and the clamping sleeve (4), the support rods (5) are located in the return spring (11), the tops of the support rods (5) penetrate through the top of the cylinder body (1) and are in threaded connection with support caps (6), an ejection spring (10) is installed at the bottom of the supporting cap (6), an ejection spring seat (20) is installed at the bottom of the ejection spring (10), the ejection spring seat (20) is in threaded connection with the top of the lifting piston (7), a return spring (9) is sleeved on the lifting piston (7), and the return spring (9) is located in an inner cavity of the lower portion of the piston end cover (26).

2. The self-aligning and force-increasing support according to claim 1, wherein a shaft head (37) is provided at the lower end of the support rod (5), the outer diameter of the shaft head (37) is larger than the outer diameter of the support rod (5), and a stop shoulder (16) is provided on the inner side surface of the shaft head (37); a stop end face (17) and an inner hole (42) are arranged in the stop end seat (30), and the inner diameter of the inner hole (42) is smaller than the outer diameter of the shaft head (37) and larger than the outer diameter of the support rod (5); an A end face (23) is arranged on the end head (33) of the piston end cover (26).

3. The automatic aligning and force-increasing support device according to claim 1, wherein a convex surface (40) is arranged on the external conical surface (29) of the clamping sleeve (4), a concave surface (41) is arranged in the middle of the inner hole of the clamping sleeve (4), and a shrinking and expanding opening (19) is formed in the clamping sleeve (4); the thrust piston (3) is internally provided with a thrust piston inner conical surface (28).

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