CN114433760A - Mortise and tenon type high-strength high-conductivity copper steel composite contact line production equipment and method - Google Patents
Mortise and tenon type high-strength high-conductivity copper steel composite contact line production equipment and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114433760A CN114433760A CN202210000482.5A CN202210000482A CN114433760A CN 114433760 A CN114433760 A CN 114433760A CN 202210000482 A CN202210000482 A CN 202210000482A CN 114433760 A CN114433760 A CN 114433760A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/002—Hybrid process, e.g. forging following casting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
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- B22C9/22—Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings
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- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P23/00—Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other subclass
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Abstract
The invention relates to production equipment and a method of a mortise and tenon type high-strength high-conductivity copper-steel composite contact line, wherein a copper-steel composite contact line production device comprises a first die, a steel rod pipeline, a second die, a continuous cold forging device and a finishing die which are sequentially arranged; the first die comprises an injection section and a cooling section, the injection section is provided with a copper cavity, copper water for isolating air is injected into the copper cavity, and an inlet communicated with the steel rod pipeline is arranged between the injection section and the cooling section; the cooling section is provided with a cooling circulation system, the material is cooled into a solid state by the circulation cooling system and then enters the second die, and the entering second die is sequentially provided with a continuous cold forging device and a finishing die. The copper layer and the steel layer of the contact wire are connected and fixed by adopting a mortise and tenon structure, so that the phenomenon that the copper layer and the steel layer fall off due to the linear expansion factor of the copper and the steel in the transverse direction is overcome, and the copper is filled around the mortise and tenon steel rod platform in the longitudinal direction, so that the riveting of the copper and the steel is enhanced, and the copper and the steel are completely riveted together.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of wires, in particular to production equipment and a method for a mortise and tenon type high-strength high-conductivity copper-steel composite contact wire.
Background
With the development of electronic information technology, the requirements for the comprehensive use performance of the copper alloy conductive material are higher and higher, and the copper alloy conductive material is required to maintain the characteristics of higher electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, cold resistance, non-ferromagnetic property and the like while maintaining high strength (hardness), toughness and wear resistance. These excellent characteristics make copper alloys an important metal material for use in high-tech fields such as electric power, information, traffic, energy, light industry, and aerospace. In many cases, pure copper is rarely used because it has a low strength (230 to 300 MPa), and although it can reach 400 MPa after cold working, it has an elongation of only 2%, and its strengthening effect is easily lost when it is used under heating or at a certain temperature. Therefore, pure copper can be applied only to electric power, electric appliances, electric conductors, heat sinks, ornaments, etc., which are not subjected to much force. On the premise of keeping some excellent properties of pure copper, the strength (hardness) and wear resistance of copper are improved as much as possible, and then high-strength and high-conductivity copper alloys are gradually developed.
At present, Cu-Mg and Cu-Sn alloy contact wires are adopted by high-speed electrified railways, and the wires are all based on the premise of losing conductivity. The Cu-Cr-Zr contact line is still in a laboratory stage or a small batch test stage, and although the Cu-Cr-Zr contact line has a certain improvement on the original basis, the improvement is limited. The existing copper-clad steel or copper-steel composite contact wire is simple in process, copper and steel are compounded together by simply increasing pressure and pressure intensity or cold rolling to enable the copper and the steel to generate larger deformation, and potential safety hazards can be generated due to the fact that the copper and the steel are separated due to the fact that expansion coefficients are not matched even if the copper and the steel are compounded together.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and provides production equipment and a method for the mortise and tenon type high-strength high-conductivity copper-steel composite contact wire, which strengthen the riveting of copper and steel so as to completely compound the copper and the steel.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows:
a mortise and tenon type high-strength high-conductivity copper-steel composite contact line production device comprises a mortise and tenon steel rod production device and a copper-steel composite contact line production device, wherein the mortise and tenon steel rod production device comprises a steel rod die, a circulating cooling system and a sorting die, a steel cavity is arranged in the steel rod die, and a plurality of mortise slots or tenon strips are arranged on the inner wall of the steel cavity, so that molten steel is filled into the steel cavity and is drawn to form a mortise and tenon steel rod after being cooled;
the copper-steel composite contact line production device comprises a first die, a steel rod pipeline, a second die, a continuous cold forging device and a finishing die which are sequentially arranged; the first die comprises an injection section and a cooling section, the injection section is provided with a copper cavity, copper water for isolating air is injected into the copper cavity, and an inlet communicated with the steel rod pipeline is arranged between the injection section and the cooling section; the cooling section is provided with a cooling circulation system, the material is cooled into a solid state by the circulation cooling system and then enters a second die, the continuous cold forging device and the finishing die are sequentially arranged on the second die, the material which is cooled into the solid state enters the continuous cold forging device after being rolled, and finally the contact line is formed by drawing through the finishing die.
Furthermore, a copper-magnesium composite cavity is arranged below the copper cavity of the injection section, and copper-magnesium alloy furnace water is injected into the copper-magnesium composite cavity.
Furthermore, a cleaning and descaling drying device is arranged above the steel rod pipeline, and the mortise and tenon steel rods produced by the mortise and tenon steel rod production device enter the steel rod pipeline after passing through the cleaning and descaling drying device.
Furthermore, the arrangement mould is a large-small-head arrangement mould, and the cavity opening of the arrangement mould gradually shrinks by about 1-2% from the foremost end to the rearmost end.
A production method of a mortise and tenon type high-strength high-conductivity copper-steel composite contact line comprises the following steps:
a. molten steel is adopted to produce mortise and tenon steel rods through a steel rod production device;
b. injecting molten copper into a copper cavity of the first mold; before entering the die cavity, the copper water is isolated from air, so that the copper water enters the copper cavity without oxygen;
c. putting the produced mortise and tenon steel rod into a steel rod pipeline, and cooling the liquid molten copper and the mortise and tenon steel rod into an integrated solid state through a circulating cooling system;
after the copper water enters the die cavity, filling the peripheries of the tenon strips or the mortise grooves of the mortise and tenon steel rods, and under the continuous action of a circulating cooling system, forming solid state by the copper water, and completely riveting the solid state with the mortise and tenon steel rods to form an organic whole;
d. and (3) passing the material cooled by the circulating cooling system through a second die, and entering a finishing die after two processes of a continuous cold forging process and rolling to produce a contact line.
Further, before the molten steel enters the molten steel furnace in the step a, the molten steel furnace is added with nitrogen protection gas due to contact with air and oxygen, the pressure in the molten steel furnace is kept to be a certain pressure through a pressure regulating valve, the pressure is 1.02 standard atmospheric pressure, and the nitrogen protection gas is added to isolate the air.
Further, the steel rod production device in the step a comprises a steel rod die, a steel cavity is formed in the steel rod die, and a plurality of mortise slots or tenon strips are arranged on the inner wall of the steel cavity, so that the molten steel is filled into the grooves in the steel cavity and is pulled out after being cooled to form the mortise and tenon steel rod.
Further, in the step b, 0.4% of copper-magnesium alloy furnace water is injected into the copper-magnesium composite cavity of the first mold, and before the copper-magnesium alloy furnace water is injected into the copper-magnesium composite cavity, air and oxygen are isolated, so that the copper-magnesium alloy furnace water enters the copper-magnesium composite cavity without oxygen.
And further, in the step c, the mortise and tenon steel rod passes through a cleaning, descaling and drying device before entering the first die.
Furthermore, the circulating cooling systems all adopt servo cooling systems, so that the cooling systems are uniformly cooled.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the improvement of the contact line strength of the invention provides safer and wider space for the design of the high-speed railway contact system in China, and the improvement of the electrical conductivity can save a large amount of electrical energy; meanwhile, corresponding independent innovation scientific research achievements can be generated in the aspects of production, test, construction, operation and the like, and the development of the high-speed contact network technology in China is greatly promoted; the invention can not only meet the requirement that the weight of a single piece of products such as an electrified railway contact line and the like is more than 1 ton, solve the important technical problem which puzzles the same industry in China, have important industrial popularization value, fill up a blank of the novel composite material production process in China, and have immeasurable practical significance for promoting the technical progress and the construction of independent innovation capacity of the copper processing industry.
(2) The copper layer and the steel layer are connected and fixed by adopting the mortise and tenon structure, so that the phenomenon that the copper layer and the steel layer fall off due to linear expansion factors of the copper and the steel in the transverse direction can be completely overcome, and on the other hand, the copper is filled around the circular truncated cone in the longitudinal direction, so that the riveting of the copper and the steel is enhanced, the copper and the steel are completely riveted together, the copper and the steel are firmer than a direct compounding mode, a non-falling whole body can be formed, the strength of a copper-steel composite contact line is improved, and the firmness, the combination degree and the integrity of the composite wire are enhanced.
(3) The bottom of the contact line is continuously cast by adopting 0.4 percent copper-magnesium alloy to form a copper-magnesium alloy wear-resistant layer, so that the wear resistance with the pantograph is improved, the wear of the contact part of the contact line is reduced, and the service life of the contact line is prolonged.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a contact wire in example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a steel layer of example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a contact wire according to example 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a steel layer of example 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a contact wire production apparatus of the present invention.
In the figure:
the device comprises a first die 1, a steel rod pipeline 2, a second die 3, a cleaning and descaling drying device 4, a cooling circulation system 5, a continuous cold forging device 6, a finishing die 7, a contact line 8, a steel layer 8.1, a copper layer 8.2, a tenon strip 8.3, a mortise and tenon groove 8.4, a copper-magnesium alloy wear-resistant layer 8.5 and a groove 8.6.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the technical aspects of the present invention, reference will now be made in detail to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the following specific examples are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention, but are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the description of the positional relationship of the components, such as the component a is located above the component B, is based on the description of the relative positions of the components in the drawings, and is not intended to limit the actual positional relationship of the components.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1-5, fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of production equipment for a mortise and tenon type high-strength high-conductivity copper-steel composite contact wire. As shown in the figure, the mortise and tenon type high-strength high-conductivity copper-steel composite contact line production equipment comprises a mortise and tenon steel rod production device and a copper-steel composite contact line production device, wherein the mortise and tenon steel rod production device comprises a steel rod die, a circulating cooling system and a finishing die, a steel cavity is arranged in the steel rod die, a plurality of mortise and tenon grooves are formed in the inner wall of the steel cavity, the steel cavity is communicated with a molten steel melting furnace and is filled with molten steel, the steel rod die is connected with the finishing die after passing through the circulating cooling system, the circulating cooling system cools the molten steel to form a solid state, and the solid state is drawn by the finishing die after cooling to form a mortise and tenon steel rod.
The copper-steel composite contact line production device comprises a first die 1, a steel rod pipeline 2, a second die 3, a continuous cold forging device 6 and a finishing die 7 which are sequentially arranged.
The cooling section is provided with a cooling circulation system 5, the material is cooled into a solid state by the circulation cooling system 5 and then enters the second die 3, the continuous cold forging device 6 and the finishing die 7 are sequentially arranged on the second die 3, the material which is cooled into the solid state enters the continuous cold forging device 6 after being rolled, and finally the contact line 8 is formed by drawing through the finishing die 7.
The trimming die 7 is a large-small-head trimming die, and the cavity opening of the trimming die gradually shrinks by about 1-2% from the foremost end to the rearmost end, so that the contact line is prevented from generating a gap between the contact line and the die after the whole contact line expands with heat and contracts with cold, and the forming of the contact line is prevented from being influenced; meanwhile, the die cavity is gradually contracted, so that the contact line is extruded to a certain degree, the internal crystal grains are tighter, and the strength is further enhanced.
Referring to fig. 1-5, the production equipment and the production method of the mortise and tenon type high-strength high-conductivity copper-steel composite contact line related to the invention comprise the following contents:
a. molten steel is adopted to produce mortise and tenon steel rods through a steel rod production device; before molten steel enters a molten steel smelting furnace, because the molten steel is in contact with air and contains oxygen, nitrogen protective gas is added into the molten steel smelting furnace, a pressure regulating valve is used for keeping a certain pressure intensity in the molten steel smelting furnace, the pressure intensity is 1.02 standard atmospheric pressure, and the nitrogen protective gas is added to isolate the air;
b. pouring copper water and copper-magnesium alloy furnace water;
injecting copper water into a copper cavity of the first mold, and isolating the copper water from air before the copper water enters the mold cavity, so that the copper water enters the copper cavity without oxygen;
0.4% of copper-magnesium alloy furnace water is injected into the copper-magnesium composite cavity of the first mold, and before the copper-magnesium alloy furnace water is injected into the copper-magnesium composite cavity, air and oxygen are isolated, so that the copper-magnesium alloy furnace water enters the copper-magnesium composite cavity without oxygen;
c. putting the produced mortise and tenon steel rod into a steel rod pipeline, and cooling the mortise and tenon steel rod into an integrated solid state by a circulating cooling system in a mixed liquid state of copper water and copper-magnesium alloy furnace water;
before entering a first die, the mortise and tenon steel rod passes through a cleaning, descaling and drying device, so that impurities on the surface of metal are removed, and moisture on the surface is removed to avoid affecting composite forming;
after the copper water enters the die cavity, the periphery of the tenon strip filled with the mortise and tenon steel rod is filled with the copper water, the copper water is in a solid state under the continuous action of a circulating cooling system, and is completely riveted with the mortise and tenon steel rod to form an organic whole, so that the transverse falling caused by linear expansion factors of copper and steel can be completely overcome, and on the other hand, the periphery of the tenon strip filled with the copper in the longitudinal direction enhances the riveting of the copper and the steel, so that the copper and the steel are completely compounded together to form a firm and non-falling whole;
after entering the copper-magnesium composite cavity, the copper-magnesium alloy furnace water forms a solid state after passing through a circulating cooling system, and because the copper-magnesium alloy has the characteristics of high strength and high conductivity, the copper-magnesium alloy furnace water is placed at the lower part of the contact line to increase the wear resistance with a pantograph and reduce the wear of the contact part of the contact line, thereby prolonging the service life of the contact line;
the circulating cooling systems adopt servo cooling systems, so that the cooling systems are uniformly cooled, and the phenomenon that crystals in contact wires generate large difference due to instability of the cooling systems is avoided;
d. the material cooled by the circulating cooling system passes through a second die, and enters a finishing die to produce a contact line after two processes of a continuous cold forging process and rolling;
through the continuous cold forging process of the continuous cold forging device, the mortise and tenon connecting parts between the copper and the steel can be combined with the copper and the steel more tightly;
and finally, a contact line is formed by drawing through a finishing die, crystal grains at the joint of the mortise and tenon connecting structure and the copper and steel are relatively thick, the structure is not compact, and the mortise and tenon connecting part is more tightly and firmly combined with the copper and the steel by drawing through a large and small head finishing die to form a copper and steel composite whole body which can not fall off.
Referring to fig. 1-2, fig. 1 depicts a schematic diagram of the contact line structure of the present embodiment 1. As shown, the contact wire 8 comprises a wire body including a steel layer 8.1 and a copper layer 8.2 disposed above and below; the cross-section of wire rod body is the quasi-circular, the both sides of wire rod body are equipped with a slot 8.6 that is used for hanging respectively, and the diagonal top of two slots 8.6 is steel layer 8.1, and the below is copper layer 8.2.
Be equipped with a plurality of falcon strips 8.3 on the inboard edge of steel layer 8.1 and copper layer 8.2 contact, be equipped with a plurality of fourth of twelve earthly branches grooves 8.4 on the inboard edge of copper layer 8.2 and steel layer 8.1 contact to with the falcon strip 8.3 phase-match in top, form mortise and tenon connection structure between 8.1 and the copper layer 8.2 from this, through the melting surface infiltration combination of each other as an organic whole.
The bottom of the copper layer 8.2 is provided with a copper-magnesium alloy wear-resistant layer 8.5, the copper-magnesium alloy wear-resistant layer 8.5 is formed by continuous casting of 0.4% copper-magnesium alloy, and the copper-magnesium alloy wear-resistant layer is arranged at the bottom of the wire body to increase the wear resistance of the pantograph and reduce the wear of the contact part of the contact wire, so that the service life of the contact wire is prolonged.
The grooves 8.6 are two grooves for suspension located at the upper part of the contact line cross section and are symmetrical left and right.
Example 2:
referring to fig. 3-4, fig. 3 depicts a schematic diagram of the contact line structure of the present embodiment 2. As shown in the figures, the difference between the production equipment and the method for the mortise and tenon type high-strength high-conductivity copper-steel composite contact line according to embodiment 2 and embodiment 1 is that a plurality of mortise slots 8.4 are formed in an inner side edge of a steel layer 8.1, which is in contact with a copper layer 8.2, and a plurality of tenon bars 8.3 are formed in an inner side edge of the copper layer 8.2, which is in contact with the steel layer 8.1, and are matched with the mortise slots 8.4 above, so that a mortise and tenon connection structure is formed between the steel layer 8.1 and the copper layer 8.2.
The above is only a specific application example of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited in any way. All the technical solutions formed by equivalent transformation or equivalent replacement fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a production facility of copper steel composite contact line is led to mortise and tenon type height, its characterized in that: the mortise and tenon steel pole production device comprises a steel pole die, a circulating cooling system and a finishing die, wherein a steel cavity is formed in the steel pole die, and a plurality of mortise slots or tenon strips are arranged on the inner wall of the steel cavity, so that molten steel is filled in the steel cavity and is drawn to form the mortise and tenon steel pole after being cooled;
the copper-steel composite contact line production device comprises a first die, a steel rod pipeline, a second die, a continuous cold forging device and a finishing die which are sequentially arranged; the first die comprises an injection section and a cooling section, the injection section is provided with a copper cavity, copper water for isolating air is injected into the copper cavity, and an inlet communicated with the steel rod pipeline is arranged between the injection section and the cooling section; the cooling section is provided with a cooling circulation system, the material is cooled into a solid state by the circulation cooling system and then enters a second die, the continuous cold forging device and the finishing die are sequentially arranged on the second die, the material which is cooled into the solid state enters the continuous cold forging device after being rolled, and finally the contact line is formed by drawing through the finishing die.
2. The production equipment of the mortise and tenon type high-strength high-conductivity copper-steel composite contact line according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a copper-magnesium composite cavity is also arranged below the copper cavity of the injection section, and copper-magnesium alloy furnace water is injected into the copper-magnesium composite cavity.
3. The production equipment of the mortise and tenon type high-strength high-conductivity copper steel composite contact line according to claim 1, characterized in that: a cleaning and descaling drying device is arranged above the steel rod pipeline, and the mortise and tenon steel rods produced by the mortise and tenon steel rod production device enter the steel rod pipeline after passing through the cleaning and descaling drying device.
4. The production equipment of the mortise and tenon type high-strength high-conductivity copper-steel composite contact line according to claim 1, characterized in that: the arrangement mould is a big end and small end arrangement mould, and the cavity opening of the arrangement mould gradually shrinks by about 1-2% from the foremost end to the rearmost end.
5. The production method of the mortise and tenon type high-strength high-conductivity copper-steel composite contact line is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
a. molten steel is adopted to produce mortise and tenon steel rods through a steel rod production device;
b. injecting molten copper into a copper cavity of the first mold; before entering the die cavity, the copper water is isolated from air, so that the copper water enters the copper cavity without oxygen;
c. putting the produced mortise and tenon steel rod into a steel rod pipeline, and cooling the liquid molten copper and the mortise and tenon steel rod into an integrated solid state through a circulating cooling system;
after the copper water enters the die cavity, filling the peripheries of the tenon strips or the mortise grooves of the mortise and tenon steel rods, and under the continuous action of a circulating cooling system, forming solid state by the copper water, and completely riveting the solid state with the mortise and tenon steel rods to form an organic whole;
d. and (3) passing the material cooled by the circulating cooling system through a second die, and entering a finishing die after two processes of continuous cold forging and rolling to produce a contact line.
6. The production method of the mortise and tenon type high-strength high-conductivity copper-steel composite contact line according to claim 5, wherein the production method comprises the following steps: before molten steel enters the molten steel smelting furnace in the step a, nitrogen protective gas is added into the molten steel smelting furnace due to contact with air and oxygen, a pressure regulating valve is used for keeping a certain pressure in the molten steel smelting furnace, the pressure is 1.02 standard atmospheric pressure, and the nitrogen protective gas is added to isolate air.
7. The production method of the mortise and tenon type high-strength high-conductivity copper-steel composite contact line according to claim 5, wherein the production method comprises the following steps: step a, the steel rod production device comprises a steel rod die, a steel cavity is formed in the steel rod die, a plurality of mortise slots or tenon strips are arranged on the inner wall of the steel cavity, so that the molten steel is filled into the grooves in the steel cavity, and the molten steel is cooled and pulled to form mortise and tenon steel rods.
8. The production method of the mortise and tenon type high-strength high-conductivity copper-steel composite contact line according to claim 5, wherein the production method comprises the following steps: and b, injecting 0.4% of copper-magnesium alloy furnace water into the copper-magnesium composite cavity of the first mold, and isolating air and oxygen before injecting the copper-magnesium alloy furnace water into the copper-magnesium composite cavity, so that the copper-magnesium alloy furnace water enters the copper-magnesium composite cavity without oxygen.
9. The production method of the mortise and tenon type high-strength high-conductivity copper-steel composite contact line according to claim 5, wherein the production method comprises the following steps: and c, before the mortise and tenon steel rod enters the first die, the mortise and tenon steel rod passes through a cleaning, descaling and drying device.
10. The production method of the mortise and tenon type high-strength high-conductivity copper-steel composite contact line according to claim 5, wherein the production method comprises the following steps: the circulating cooling systems all adopt servo cooling systems, so that the cooling systems are uniformly cooled.
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| CN202210000482.5A CN114433760A (en) | 2022-01-04 | 2022-01-04 | Mortise and tenon type high-strength high-conductivity copper steel composite contact line production equipment and method |
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| CN202210000482.5A CN114433760A (en) | 2022-01-04 | 2022-01-04 | Mortise and tenon type high-strength high-conductivity copper steel composite contact line production equipment and method |
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2022
- 2022-01-04 CN CN202210000482.5A patent/CN114433760A/en active Pending
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| JP2009226419A (en) * | 2008-03-19 | 2009-10-08 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | Method for producing copper or copper alloy wire rod and copper or copper alloy wire rod |
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