CN114433624B - 一种毛化面不锈钢冷轧生产方法 - Google Patents
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- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010892 electric spark Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/22—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
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- B21B15/0007—Cutting or shearing the product
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D1/00—Straightening, restoring form or removing local distortions of sheet metal or specific articles made therefrom; Stretching sheet metal combined with rolling
- B21D1/02—Straightening, restoring form or removing local distortions of sheet metal or specific articles made therefrom; Stretching sheet metal combined with rolling by rollers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0205—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips of ferrous alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0236—Cold rolling
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- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
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- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
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- C22C38/004—Very low carbon steels, i.e. having a carbon content of less than 0,01%
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种毛化面不锈钢冷轧生产方法,包括以下步骤,将铁水置入VOD炉和LF精炼炉进行冶炼,将冶炼后的铁水铸造成板坯,将板坯进行热轧和冷轧得到硬态钢卷,对硬态钢卷进行退火,然后进行混酸酸洗,得到2D表面的钢卷,采用碳钢湿式平整机对钢卷进行平整,得到钢板,最后将钢板拉矫清洗分切即可。本发明采用毛化后的平整辊对钢带进行平整操作,使得不锈钢带形成表面毛化面,毛化效果良好,通过改进现有轧钢设备,将平整辊毛化,提高了企业设备利用率,减少了重复投资,降低了企业生产成本,提高了产品竞争力。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于轧钢技术领域,涉及一种毛化面不锈钢冷轧生产方法。
背景技术
不锈钢以其优良的耐腐蚀性能、长服役寿命、低成本寿命周期、独特的建筑学美感等优点,在建筑行业作为建筑屋面和幕墙得到广泛使用。不锈钢用作建筑屋面和幕墙时需要对表面做特殊处理,防止光污染产生,一般要求其表面粗糙度较大、光泽度较低。目前对不锈钢表面做类似处理一般采用毛面辊轧制或者平整,而不锈钢冷轧厂一般只生产光亮面的不锈钢,毛化面不锈钢的生产需要采用专门的轧辊毛化装置,而一套不锈钢轧辊加工的毛化设备价格在百万元以上,且使用频率较低,造成生产成本增加,产品没有竞争力。
国内大型不锈钢生产企业一般均有碳钢和不锈钢冷轧生产线,碳钢冷轧生产线的湿式平整机一般生产的产品为毛化面产品,但是碳钢与不锈钢性质差异较大且碳钢生产线所使用的湿式平整机没有垫纸以及卷纸设备,以上原因导致碳钢生产线的湿式平整机无法生产毛化面不锈钢。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于针对现有技术存在的问题,提供一种毛化面不锈钢冷轧生产方法。
为此,本发明采如下技术方案:
一种毛化面不锈钢冷轧生产方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)铁水预处理,将铁水置入VOD炉和LF精炼炉进行冶炼;
(2)铁水连铸,将冶炼后的铁水铸造成板坯;
(3)板坯轧制,将板坯进行热轧和冷轧得到轧硬态钢卷;
(4)轧硬态钢卷退火酸洗,对轧硬态钢卷进行退火,然后进行混酸酸洗,得到2D表面的钢卷;
(5)钢卷毛化平整,采用碳钢湿式平整机对钢卷进行平整,得到钢板;
(6)钢板拉矫清洗分切,采用拉矫机对钢板进行拉矫清洗操作,最后分切。
进一步地,所述步骤(2)中的板坯的化学成分按质量百分比计为:C:≤0.010%,Si:≤1.0%,Mn:≤1.0%,P:≤0.030%,S:≤0.0030%,Ni:≤0.30%,Cr:22.0-23.00%,Mo:1.50-2.50%,N:≤0.020% ,(Nb+Ti)/(C+N) ≥16,余量为铁以及不可避免的杂质。
进一步地,所述步骤(3)中在板坯热轧后对板坯进行热退火酸洗,然后进行冷轧。
进一步地,所述步骤(4)中酸洗完成后出口卷曲时不垫纸,张力设定值为25-30KN。
进一步地,所述步骤(5)中平整辊表面粗糙度Ra5.5-6.5μm,平整辊的凸度为0.05/0.05μm或0.10/0.10μm。
进一步地,所述步骤(5)中平整延伸率为0.6-1.0%,平整机入口开卷张力20-25KN,出口卷曲张力为30-35KN。
进一步地,所述步骤(5)中在平整时向钢带表面喷洒乳化液,乳化液流量为8-12L/min。
进一步地,所述步骤(6)中拉矫机入口开卷张力为25-30KN,拉矫单元延伸率为0.8%,清洗段温度为65-75℃。
本发明的有益效果在于:
(1)采用毛化后的平整辊对钢带进行平整操作,使得不锈钢带形成表面毛化面,毛化效果良好。
(2)在操作时不垫纸进行生产,有效防止层间滑移类缺陷,没有层间滑移类缺陷产生,提高产品质量。
(3)通过改进现有轧钢设备,将平整辊毛化,提高了企业设备利用率,减少了重复投资,降低了企业生产成本,提高了产品竞争力。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1中钢板成品表面图。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明做详细说明:
实施例1
一种毛化面不锈钢冷轧生产方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)铁水预处理,将铁水置入VOD炉和LF精炼炉进行冶炼,对铁水进行脱碳和脱硫处理。
(2)铁水连铸,将冶炼后的铁水铸造成规格为220mm×1250mm×9000mm板坯,板坯的化学成分按质量百分比计为:C:0.009%,Si:0.3%,Mn:0.4%,P:0.015%,S:0.0007%,Ni:0.10%,Cr:22.0%,Mo:1.50%,N:0.015%,(Nb+Ti)/(C+N)=18,余量为铁以及不可避免的杂质。
(3)板坯轧制,将板坯加热采用现有常规方式进行热轧,使得板坯厚度为4.5mm,热轧完成后对板坯进行热退火酸洗,去除钢带表面的氧化层,热退火酸洗完成冷却后进行冷轧,冷轧得到厚度为1.2mm的轧硬态钢卷,其中热轧的总压下率为98%,冷轧的总压下率为73%。
(4)轧硬态钢卷退火酸洗,对冷轧好的轧硬态钢卷再次进行退火酸洗,酸洗采用中性盐电解和混酸进行酸洗,酸洗完成后出口卷曲时不垫纸,张力设定值为25KN,得到2D表面的钢卷。
(5)钢卷毛化平整,采用碳钢湿式平整机对钢卷进行平整,在平整前采用电火花将平整辊毛化,并对毛化后的平整辊进行镀铬处理,毛化后平整辊表面粗糙度为Ra6.5μm,平整辊凸度为0.05/0.05μm每对,毛化后的平整辊在平整时,可通过按压钢带表面使得钢带表面毛化,在平整时入口开卷张力设定为20KN,出口卷曲张力设定为30KN,平整机延伸率设定为1.0%,并同时向钢板表面喷洒乳化液,通过乳化液可改善钢板表面性能,乳化液喷洒流量为12L/min,平整完成后得到钢板。
(6)钢板拉矫清洗分切,采用拉矫机对钢板进行拉矫清洗操作,拉矫时入口开卷张力设定为25KN,拉矫机的拉矫单元延伸率设定为0.8%,如延伸率设置过大,会影响钢板表面毛化效果,在拉矫完后同时可通过拉矫机对钢板表面进行清洗,清洗段温度设定为75℃,其目的是清除钢板表面的乳化液,清洗完成后将钢板分切得到最终成品,成品钢板的表面如图1所示。
实施例2
(1)铁水预处理,将铁水置入VOD炉和LF精炼炉进行冶炼,对铁水进行脱碳和脱硫处理。
(2)铁水连铸,将冶炼后的铁水铸造成规格为220mm×1250mm×9000mm板坯,板坯的化学成分按质量百分比计为:C:0.010%,Si:0.4%,Mn:0.4%,P:0.016%,S:0.0006%,Ni:0.12%,Cr:23.0%,Mo:2.50%,N:0.015%,(Nb+Ti)/(C+N)=16,余量为铁以及不可避免的杂质。
(3)板坯轧制,将板坯加热采用现有常规方式进行热轧,使得板坯厚度为3.5mm,热轧完成后对板坯进行热退火酸洗,去除钢带表面的氧化层,热退火酸洗完成冷却后进行冷轧,冷轧得到厚度为0.8mm的轧硬态钢卷,热轧的总压下率为98%,冷轧的中压下率为77%。
(4)轧硬态钢卷退火酸洗,对冷轧好的轧硬态钢卷再次进行退火酸洗,酸洗采用中性盐电解和混酸进行酸洗,酸洗完成后出口卷曲时不垫纸,张力设定值为30KN,得到2D表面的钢卷。
(5)钢卷毛化平整,采用碳钢湿式平整机对钢卷进行平整,在平整前采用电火花将平整辊毛化,并对毛化后的平整辊进行镀铬处理,毛化后平整辊粗糙度Ra5.5μm,平整辊凸度采用0.01/0.01μm每对,毛化后的平整辊在平整时可按压钢带表面并使得钢带表面毛化,在平整时入口开卷张力设定为25KN,出口卷曲张力设定为35KN,平整机延伸率设定为0.6%,并同时向钢板表面喷洒乳化液,乳化液喷洒流量为8L/min,平整完成后得到钢板。
(6)钢板拉矫清洗分切,采用拉矫机对钢板进行拉矫清洗操作,拉矫时入口开卷张力设定为30KN,拉矫机的拉矫单元延伸率设定为0.8%,如延伸率设置过大,会影响钢板表面毛化效果,在拉矫完后同时可通过拉矫机对钢板表面进行清洗,清洗段温度设定为65℃,其目的是清除钢板表面的乳化液,清洗完成后将钢板分切得到最终成品。
实施例3
(1)铁水预处理,将铁水置入VOD炉和LF精炼炉进行冶炼,对铁水进行脱碳和脱硫处理。
(2)铁水连铸,将冶炼后的铁水铸造成规格为220mm×1250mm×9000mm板坯,板坯的化学成分按质量百分比计为:C:0.010%,Si:0.4%,Mn:0.4%,P:0.016%,S:0.0006%,Ni:0.12%,Cr:23.0%,Mo:2.50%,N:0.015%,(Nb+Ti)/(C+N)=16,余量为铁以及不可避免的杂质。
(3)板坯轧制,将板坯加热采用现有常规方式进行热轧,使得板坯厚度为4.0mm,热轧完成后对板坯进行热退火酸洗,热退火酸洗完成冷却后进行冷轧,冷轧得到厚度为1.0mm的轧硬态钢卷,热轧的总压下率为98%,冷轧的总压下率为75%。
(4)轧硬态钢卷退火酸洗,对冷轧好的轧硬态钢卷再次进行退火,然后采用中性盐电解和混酸进行酸洗,酸洗完成后出口卷曲时不垫纸,张力设定值为33KN,得到2D表面的钢卷。
(5)钢卷毛化平整,采用碳钢湿式平整机对钢卷进行平整,在平整前采用电火花将平整辊毛化,并对毛化后的平整辊进行镀铬处理,毛化后平整辊粗糙度Ra6.0μm,平整辊凸度采用0.01/0.01μm每对,毛化后的平整辊在平整时可按压钢带表面并使得钢带表面毛化,在平整时入口开卷张力设定为25KN,出口卷曲张力设定为35KN,平整机延伸率设定为0.6%,并同时向钢板表面喷洒乳化液,乳化液喷洒流量为10L/min,平整完成后得到钢板。
(6)钢板拉矫清洗分切,采用拉矫机对钢板进行拉矫清洗操作,拉矫时入口开卷张力设定为30KN,拉矫机的拉矫单元延伸率设定为0.8%,如延伸率设置过大,会影响钢板表面毛化效果,在拉矫完后同时可通过拉矫机对钢板表面进行清洗,清洗段温度设定为65℃,其目的是清除钢板表面的乳化液,清洗完成后将钢板分切得到最终成品。
Claims (5)
1.一种毛化面不锈钢冷轧生产方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)铁水预处理,通过VOD炉和LF精炼炉对铁水进行冶炼;
(2)铁水连铸,将冶炼后的铁水铸造成板坯,所述板坯的化学成分按质量百分比计为:C:≤0.010%,Si:≤1.0%,Mn:≤1.0%,P:≤0.030%,S:≤0.0030%,Ni:≤0.30%,Cr:22.0-23.00%,Mo:1.50-2.50%,N:≤0.020% ,(Nb+Ti)/(C+N) ≥16,余量为铁以及不可避免的杂质;
(3)板坯轧制,将板坯进行热轧和冷轧得到轧硬态钢卷;
(4)轧硬态钢卷退火酸洗,对轧硬态钢卷进行退火,然后进行混酸酸洗,得到2D表面的钢卷;
(5)钢卷毛化平整,采用碳钢湿式平整机对钢卷进行平整,得到钢板,在平整前采用电火花将平整辊毛化,并对毛化后的平整辊进行镀铬处理,平整辊表面粗糙度Ra5.5-6.5μm,每对平整辊的凸度为0.05/0.05μm或0.10/0.10μm,平整延伸率为0.6-1.0%,平整机入口开卷张力20-25KN,出口卷曲张力为30-35KN;
(6)钢板拉矫清洗分切,采用拉矫机对钢板进行拉矫清洗操作,最后分切。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种毛化面不锈钢冷轧生产方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(3)中在板坯热轧后对板坯进行热退火酸洗,然后进行冷轧。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种毛化面不锈钢冷轧生产方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(4)中混酸酸洗完成后出口卷曲时不垫纸,张力设定值为25-30KN。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种毛化面不锈钢冷轧生产方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(5)中在碳钢湿式平整机平整时向钢带表面喷洒乳化液,乳化液流量为8-12L/min。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种毛化面不锈钢冷轧生产方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(6)中拉矫机入口开卷张力为25-30KN,拉矫单元延伸率为0.8%,清洗段温度为65-75℃。
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