CN114425982A - Truck capable of being automatically loaded and unloaded - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a truck capable of automatically loading and unloading, which comprises a truck body, a cargo box, carrier components, a movable support for supporting the carrier components, a traction device capable of driving the carrier components to move on the movable support, a lifting device for driving the movable support to vertically lift relative to a bottom plate of the cargo box, and a lifting device for lifting each carrier component off the ground; the movable support comprises a group of first guide rails arranged in parallel, and the first guide rails are arranged along the length direction of the vehicle; the lower end of each first guide rail is provided with at least two supporting legs, each supporting leg penetrates through a bottom plate of the cargo compartment and extends downwards, and the lifting device drives each supporting leg to vertically lift relative to the bottom plate of the cargo compartment so as to lift the movable support; when the mobile support is raised, the vehicle assembly rests on the floor of the cargo bed. The invention has convenient loading and unloading operation, reasonably utilizes the space of the truck, arranges the automatic loading and unloading systems in order, obtains the maximized cargo space and increases the cargo capacity.

Description

Truck capable of being automatically loaded and unloaded

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of transportation, and particularly relates to a truck capable of being automatically loaded and unloaded.

Background

With the progress of society, the logistics industry is developed vigorously. In various goods transport vehicles, large and medium trucks generally adopt larger loading and unloading machinery and appliances to load and unload goods because of large and concentrated goods quantity; the small mini-truck has small loading capacity and small space of the cargo compartment, and can not use loading machinery to load and unload cargos, so that the small mini-truck can only be loaded and unloaded manually. However, for the transportation of small mini-trucks, the profit is not high, so that it is difficult to bear the wagons of the loading and unloading personnel, the loading and unloading of the goods of the small mini-trucks only can be carried out by the driver, and along with the increase of the goods quantity, the loading and unloading of the goods of the small mini-trucks become a very difficult work, which wastes time and labor and has very low loading and unloading efficiency.

The Chinese invention patent CN201811282048.0 discloses a logistics transport vehicle convenient for loading and unloading goods, which comprises a vehicle body and a goods compartment arranged on the vehicle body, wherein the bottom of the goods compartment is provided with a synchronous pulley and a synchronous belt matched with the synchronous pulley along the length direction of the goods compartment, and the synchronous pulley is driven by a driving device; the invention is characterized in that the upper part in the cargo compartment is provided with the pickup device, the cargo can be automatically transported to the inside or the outside of the cargo compartment, but the invention still can not realize the automatic loading and unloading between the ground cargo and the cargo compartment, the cargo loading and unloading are still inconvenient, and the loading and unloading efficiency is difficult to effectively improve. In addition, the pickup device disclosed by the invention has more structural parts, and can occupy the internal space of the cargo compartment when being arranged in the cargo compartment, so that the cargo carrying capacity of the cargo compartment is reduced.

Chinese utility model patent CN214689197U discloses a but auto-control handling's transport vechicle, it includes automobile body, facial make-up platform, supports portal, flexible truss, the truss that slides, sideslip seat and is used for getting the equipment of piece, equipment realizes that the fork of goods gets, promotes, and the lateral sliding between sideslip seat and the sliding truss realizes the lateral position adjustment of goods, and the axial position adjustment of goods is realized to axial sliding between sliding truss and the flexible truss and the axial sliding between flexible truss and the support portal, and this utility model loading and unloading goods flow is loaded down with trivial details complicated, still can't effectively improve loading and unloading goods efficiency to the storage that is used for getting the equipment of piece has taken the cargo carrying space, leads to the volume of carrying goods to reduce.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an automatic loading and unloading truck, which is convenient to load and unload, reasonably utilizes the space of the truck, orderly arranges automatic loading and unloading systems, and can solve the technical problems that the automatic loading and unloading systems unreasonably occupy the loading space of a small mini truck and restrict the loading amount.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following specific technical scheme:

a truck capable of automatically loading and unloading comprises a truck body and a cargo compartment, wherein the cargo compartment is arranged on the truck body and is provided with a bottom plate, the truck further comprises a plurality of carrier assemblies for bearing cargos, a moving support for supporting the carrier assemblies, a traction device capable of driving the carrier assemblies to move on the moving support, a lifting device for driving the moving support to vertically lift relative to the cargo compartment bottom plate, and a lifting device for lifting each carrier assembly off the ground, the lifting device is arranged between the truck body and the cargo compartment bottom plate, and the lifting device is arranged on the truck body;

the movable support comprises a group of first guide rails arranged in parallel, and the first guide rails are arranged along the length direction of the vehicle; the lower end of each first guide rail is provided with at least two supporting legs, each supporting leg penetrates through a positioning hole arranged on the bottom plate and extends downwards, and the lifting device drives each supporting leg to vertically lift relative to the bottom plate of the cargo compartment so as to lift the movable support; when the movable support is lifted, the carrier assembly is arranged on the bottom plate of the cargo compartment.

Therefore, the technical scheme realizes the automatic loading and unloading of the mini-truck, the goods are not required to be manually transported and stacked from the ground surface to the carriage, the operation is convenient, the labor is saved, and the goods transporting cost is reduced; the automatic loading and unloading system of the technical scheme is orderly arranged at each position of the truck, so that the space of the cargo compartment is reasonably utilized while the automatic loading and unloading are ensured, and the cargo capacity of the cargo compartment is improved. In addition, the technical scheme can be converted on the basis of the conventional truck frame and can be put into use, the adaptability is strong, and a new transport vehicle does not need to be purchased.

Furthermore, the lifting device comprises rotating shafts with the same number as the first guide rails, the rotating shafts are arranged along the vehicle length direction, the rotating shafts are fixed on a vehicle body through a plurality of bearing seats, and the rotating shafts are driven by a driving assembly to synchronously rotate in different directions; and when each rotating shaft rotates, each supporting leg moves on the involute curved surface, so that the movable support can vertically lift relative to the bottom plate of the cargo compartment. The swing shaft has strong bearing capacity, ensures effective bearing of the movable support, the carrier assembly and the goods loading and unloading, and ensures the stability of lifting the movable support frame by arranging the convex part with the periphery being an involute curved surface on the swing shaft.

Preferably, the driving assembly comprises an outer gear ring and a jacking rod, the outer gear ring is fixed on the periphery of the rotary shaft, the jacking rod is arranged on the vehicle body, and the upper portion of the jacking rod is provided with a tooth-shaped structure matched with the outer gear ring.

Preferably, the jacking rod is a telescopic sleeve rod, a tooth-shaped structure is arranged at the upper end of the telescopic sleeve rod, and the lower end of the telescopic sleeve rod is hinged to the lifting device.

Furthermore, the lifting device comprises a group of lifting arms symmetrically arranged at the lower part of the vehicle body, a hydraulic oil cylinder for driving the lifting arms to swing up and down and a supporting arm horizontally lifted by the lifting arms; each cargo boom comprises two support frames, the two support frames are arranged in bilateral symmetry, one ends of the two support frames are hinged with the vehicle body, the other ends of the two support frames are movably connected with the supporting arm, and the upper ends and the lower ends of the two support frames are fixedly connected through a first connecting piece to form a three-dimensional framework structure with a cavity in the middle; each support frame comprises an upper rod body, a lower rod body and a second connecting piece, wherein two ends of the second connecting piece are respectively hinged with the upper rod body and the lower rod body; one end of the upper rod body, which is connected with the supporting arm, is provided with a downward folding part, and the joint of the downward folding part and the upper rod body is provided with an upper clamping groove; an upper folding part is arranged at one end of the lower rod body connected with the supporting arm, and a lower clamping groove is arranged at the joint of the upper folding part and the lower rod body; the upper clamping groove and the lower clamping groove are used for clamping the supporting arm. The support frame is similar to a parallelogram structure, the integral strength is high, and the lifting safety is ensured. Meanwhile, the upper rod body of each support frame plays a role in pulling the support arm, the lower rod body plays a role in pushing the support arm, so that the horizontal lifting of the support arm is realized,

furthermore, a stopping part is arranged on each lower rod body and used for preventing the supporting arm from being separated from the lower clamping groove.

Furthermore, the support arm is provided with an upper clamping shaft and a lower clamping shaft, the upper clamping shaft is clamped with each upper clamping groove, and the lower clamping shaft is clamped with the lower clamping groove; and a second guide rail is arranged at the upper end of the supporting arm and is arranged along the vehicle length direction, and when the supporting arm is lifted by the crane arm, the second guide rail is always kept horizontal. The clamping shaft clamping grooves are matched, the supporting arm is kept horizontal by adopting a simple structure, and the second guide rail is arranged on the supporting arm, so that the carrier assembly can slide on the supporting arm, and the traction resistance of the traction device is reduced.

Further, the carrier assembly comprises a carrier plate and a frame I for supporting the carrier plate, the frame I comprises a base frame and a plurality of pillow strips for supporting the base frame, and the number of the pillow strips is the same as that of the first guide rails; a plurality of rolling members are distributed on the lateral surface of the sleeper strip along the width direction of the vehicle, so that the carrier assembly moves on the first guide rail; the lower end surface of the pillow strip is lower than the lowest point of the rolling piece. The strength of the carrier component is reliable, when the movable support descends, the sleeper strip is in contact with the bottom plate of the cargo compartment, the rolling piece is not in contact with the bottom plate of the cargo compartment, the rolling piece is prevented from being damaged due to long-term high load, and the cargo is prevented from moving and colliding in the transportation process. In addition, the stressed area of the sleeper strips is large, and the situation that the bottom plate of the cargo box is damaged due to stress concentration is avoided.

Furthermore, each pillow strip is provided with a hanging column for the traction device to pull the carrier assembly.

Furthermore, the traction device comprises a traction frame and a power unit for driving the traction frame to move along the vehicle length direction, and a bidirectional hook hinged with the traction frame and a control piece for controlling the direction of the bidirectional hook are arranged at the end part of the traction frame close to the tail of the vehicle; the bidirectional hook comprises a front part and a rear part, and when the front part falls down, the rear part stands up and hooks the hanging column to drive the carrier assembly to move towards the direction of the vehicle head; when the rear part falls down, the front part stands up and hooks the hanging column to drive the carrier assembly to move towards the tail direction of the vehicle.

The invention has the following advantages:

1. the automatic loading and unloading system realizes the mechanical and automatic loading and unloading of goods, is convenient to operate, greatly saves manual labor, shortens the loading and unloading time, improves the loading and unloading efficiency, reduces the working strength and reduces the freight cost.

2. The automatic loading and unloading system is orderly arranged at each position of the truck, ensures that the automatic loading and unloading are realized, simultaneously reasonably utilizes the space of the cargo compartment, and improves the cargo capacity of the cargo compartment. In addition, the technical scheme can be converted on the basis of the conventional truck frame and can be put into use, the adaptability is strong, and a new transport vehicle does not need to be purchased.

3. The invention adopts a sliding structure and a rolling structure to draw goods from the tail of the vehicle to the specified position of the goods compartment, can reduce the traction resistance of the traction device, enhances the smoothness of goods loading, and is convenient for positioning the storage position of the goods.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an exploded view of the truck with automatic loading and unloading function;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the corresponding structure of the carrier assembly, the movable bracket, the lifting device and the vehicle body according to the present embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a corresponding structure of the lifting device and the vehicle body according to the present embodiment;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of a corresponding structure of the traction device and the movable bracket in the embodiment;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a structure of the lifting device of the present embodiment corresponding to a vehicle body;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the loading and unloading of the truck capable of automatic loading and unloading of the present embodiment;

the notation in the figure is: 1. a vehicle body; 101. a main beam; 102. a pillar; 2. a cargo compartment; 3. a vertical leg; 4. a bracket arm; 41. an upper clamping shaft; 42. a lower clamping shaft; 43. a second guide rail; 44. a front stop block; 45. a movable stop block; 5. a jacking rod; 51. a tooth-shaped structure; 6. rotating the shaft; 7. a first guide rail; 8. a first slide rail; 9. a traction frame; 10. a pulling member; 11. a traction motor; 12. a driving wheel; 13. a bidirectional hook; 13a, a front portion; 13b, a rear portion; 15. a drive assembly; 16. a bearing seat; 17. a base plate; 171. positioning holes; 18. a projection; 19. supporting legs; 20. a cargo boom; 21. a support frame; 211. a rod body is arranged; 211a, a fold-down portion; 211b, an upper card slot; 212. a lower rod body; 212a, an upper folded part; 212b, a lower card slot; 22. a first connecting member; 23. a loading plate; 24. a second connecting member; 25. a stopper portion; 26. a chassis; 27. a pillow strip; 271. hanging a column; 28. an outer ring gear; 29. a first frame; 30. a rolling member; 31. a carrier assembly; 32. moving the support; 33. a traction device; 34. a lifting device; 35. a lifting device; 36. a power unit; 37. a control member; 38. a fixed width rod; 39. a gear set; 40. a drive shaft.

Detailed Description

For a better understanding of the objects, structure and function of the present invention, an automatically loadable and unloadable wagon will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 and 6, the truck of the present embodiment includes a body 1, a cargo bed 2, a vehicle assembly 31, a moving bracket 32, a traction device 33, a lifting device 34, and a lifting device 35. The cargo box 2 is disposed on the vehicle body 1, the cargo box 2 has a bottom plate 17, the bottom plate 17 is provided with a plurality of positioning holes 171, the rear end of the vehicle body 1 is provided with vertical support legs 3, and it should be noted that the configuration of the vehicle body 1 is various, such as a flat car, and the vehicle body 1 of the embodiment mainly includes two main beams 101 arranged along the vehicle length direction. When loading and unloading goods, the vertical support legs 3 are put down and supported on the ground, so that the stability of loading and unloading goods of the truck is enhanced, and the vertical support legs 3 can be folded when the loading and unloading goods are finished and are arranged on the lower part of the truck body 1. The vertical support legs 3 are of a telescopic structure.

The carrier assembly 31 is used for carrying goods, a movable support 32 for supporting the carrier assembly 31 is arranged below the carrier assembly 31, the carrier assembly 31 moves on the movable support 32 under the traction of a traction device 33, the lifting device 35 lifts the carrier assembly 31 to a proper height from the ground so as to facilitate loading, and the lifting device 35 is arranged on the vehicle body 1. The mobile carriage 32 is vertically liftable with respect to the floor 17 of the cargo box 2 by means of the lifting device 34. Specifically, the movable support 32 includes a set of first guide rails 7 arranged in parallel, in this embodiment, two first guide rails 7 arranged in parallel along the vehicle length direction are specifically adopted, the lower portion of each first guide rail 7 includes at least two support legs 19, each support leg 19 extends downward through a positioning hole 171 on the bottom plate 17, and the lifting device 34 disposed between the vehicle body 1 and the bottom plate 17 of the cargo compartment 2 drives each support leg 19 to vertically lift relative to the bottom plate 17 of the cargo compartment 2, so as to lift and lower the movable support 32. The two supporting feet 19 which are opposite to each other at the left and the right are connected through the width fixing rod 38, so that the positions of the two first guide rails 7 are relatively fixed, and the two first guide rails 7 are integrated, so that the strength of the movable bracket 32 is enhanced. When the moving rack 32 is not lifted, the carrier assembly 31 is placed on the floor 17 of the cargo compartment 2, and the floor 17 of the cargo compartment 2 supports the carrier assembly 31. When the moving bracket 32 is lifted to the target height, the moving bracket 32 may be positioned at the target height using the pad block.

But the automatic handling's of this embodiment freight train can realize the automatic handling of little mini-truck, and the goods from the ground load need not artifical whole mechanized operation in the goods railway carriage or compartment 2, convenient operation uses manpower sparingly, and handling efficiency is high, and the freight cost can reduce. The automatic loading and unloading system of the embodiment is orderly arranged at each position of the truck, so that the space of the cargo compartment 2 is reasonably utilized while automatic loading and unloading are ensured, and the loading capacity of the cargo compartment 2 is improved. In addition, but the freight train of automatic handling of this embodiment can reequip on the basis of current freight train framework and just can put into use, and strong adaptability need not purchase new transport vechicle.

As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the lifting device 34 of the present embodiment includes a set of spindles 6 arranged along the vehicle length direction, the number of the spindles 6 is the same as that of the first guide rails 7, that is, two spindles 6 are provided, and the main structure of each spindle 6 is a circular steel pipe. Each rotating shaft 6 is fixed on a main beam 101 of the vehicle body 1 through a plurality of bearing seats 16, each rotating shaft 6 is driven by a driving assembly 15 to rotate synchronously, and the rotating directions of each rotating shaft 6 are opposite, namely, synchronous rotation and opposite rotation are realized. A plurality of protrusions 18 protruding in the radial direction are provided on each of the spindles 6, and the outer circumference of each of the protrusions 18 is an involute curved surface. The involute curves of the convex portions 18 on the rotating shafts 6 of the present embodiment have the same involute direction, and the involute directions of the convex portions 18 between the rotating shafts 6 are opposite. The involute curved surfaces of the respective protrusions 18 are abutted against one support leg 19, and when the respective rotary shafts 6 are rotated, the support legs 19 are moved on the involute curved surfaces to vertically lift the moving bracket 32 with respect to the floor 17 of the cargo box 2. The structural design that the rotary shafts 6 rotate in a combined mode and the involute protrusions 18 are arranged on the rotary shafts 6 is adopted, the structural strength of the lifting device 34 is high, the synchronous rotary shafts 6 are symmetrically arranged on the two rotary shafts 6, the synchronous operation can be greatly improved, and the carrier assembly 31 can be stably separated from the bottom plate 17 of the cargo compartment 2 and can reach the target height. The involute direction of the convex part 18 is opposite and the rotating shaft 6 rotates in different directions synchronously, so that the horizontal friction force generated by the contact between the involute curved surface of the convex part 18 and each supporting foot 19 when the movable support 32 is lifted is offset mutually, and the lifted object is more stable. Correspondingly, the lower end of each supporting leg 19 is provided with a roller, when the movable support 32 is lifted, the supporting legs 19 and the convex parts 18 roll relatively, so that friction force can be reduced, the lifting smoothness is ensured, and meanwhile, abrasion can be reduced.

As shown in fig. 3, the driving assembly 15 includes an outer ring gear 28 and a lifting rod 5, the outer ring gear 28 is fixed on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 6, the lifting rod 5 is arranged on a main beam 101 of the vehicle body 1, a sleeve is arranged on the main beam 101, and the lifting rod 5 can only move up and down in the sleeve. Preferably, the lifting rod 5 is flexible loop bar, is equipped with flute profile structure 51 in the upper end of flexible loop bar, the upper end of telescopic link is equipped with the flute profile structure 51 with outer ring gear 28 matched with, flexible loop bar lower extreme with lifting device 35 is articulated, under lifting device 35's drive, the flute profile structure 51 of lifting rod 5 and the cooperation of the outer ring gear 28 of setting on spiral shaft 6 for spiral shaft 6 is rotatory.

As shown in fig. 1, 3, and 5, the lifting device 35 includes a boom 20 symmetrically arranged at a lower portion of the vehicle body 1, a hydraulic cylinder driving the boom 20 to swing up and down, and a corbel 4 horizontally lifted by the boom 20. Specifically, the lower part of the main beam 101 of each vehicle body 1 is provided with a boom 20, and the two booms 20 are arranged in bilateral symmetry. The middle part of the crane boom 20 is connected with one end of a hydraulic oil cylinder, and the other end of the hydraulic oil cylinder is arranged on the main beam 101. The main beam 101 is provided with a pillar 102, and the upper end of the pillar 102 is firmly connected with the main beam 101 and is perpendicular to the main beam 101. The rear end of the lifting arm 20 is hinged with the support column 102, and the hinged part of the lifting arm 20 and the support column 102 is a pivot point for the movement of the lifting arm 20. The crane boom 20 comprises two support frames 21, the two support frames 21 are arranged in bilateral symmetry, the rear ends of the two support frames 21 are hinged to the support column 102, and the front ends of the two support frames 21 are movably connected with the support arm 4. The upper ends and the lower ends of the two support frames 21 are fixedly connected through the first connecting pieces 22, so that a three-dimensional framework structure with a cavity in the middle is formed, the support arms 4 can be accommodated in the cavity when goods are not loaded and unloaded, and the first connecting pieces 22 can be one or multiple and can meet the requirement of fixed strength. It should be noted that the rear end refers to an end of the boom 20 close to the vehicle head, and the front end refers to an end far from the vehicle head.

Each of the support frames 21 includes an upper rod 211, a lower rod 212, and a second connecting member 24 having two ends hinged to the upper rod 211 and the lower rod 212, where the second connecting member 24 may be one or multiple, and may meet the requirement of hinge strength. When the second link 24 is plural, the second links 24 are parallel to each other and at the same time parallel to the support column 102, which helps to ensure a stable horizontal lifting of the carrying arm 4. One end of the upper rod body 211 connected with the bracket arm 4 is provided with a downward folding part 211a, and the joint of the downward folding part 211a and the upper rod body 211 is provided with an upper clamping groove 211 b. An upward folding part 212a is arranged at one end of the lower rod body 212 connected with the supporting arm 4, and a lower clamping groove 212b is arranged at the joint of the upward folding part 212a and the lower rod body 212. The upper and lower engaging grooves 211b and 212b are used for engaging with the bracket arm 4. The stopper 25 is disposed along the lower rod 212 for preventing the bracket 4 from falling out of the lower slot 212b, and preferably, the stopper 25 is disposed on a side surface of the lower rod 212 along the vehicle width direction, and the stopper 25 can be fixedly mounted and movably mounted. When the stopping portion 25 is movably installed, a corresponding elastic device may be provided to facilitate the ejecting and retracting of the stopping portion 25.

As shown in fig. 3 and 5, the supporting arm 4 is a triangular metal frame, the triangular structure is simple, the structural strength and stability of the supporting arm 4 can be ensured, and the stabilizing effect in the horizontal direction can also be achieved. One of the upper edges is a second guide rail 43, and the second guide rail 43 is arranged in the vehicle length direction. An upper clamping shaft 41 and a lower clamping shaft 42 are arranged at one end of the supporting arm 4, the upper clamping shaft 41 is clamped with the upper clamping groove 211b and is subjected to pulling force of the upper rod body 211 towards the vehicle head direction, and the lower clamping shaft 42 is clamped with the lower clamping groove 212b and is subjected to jacking force of the lower rod body 212 towards the vehicle tail direction. The second guide rail 43 remains horizontal at all times when the jib boom 20 lifts the trailing arm 4. Preferably, the upper latch shaft 41 and the lower latch shaft 42 are in the same plane, and the plane is always kept parallel to the second connecting member 24, so as to further ensure the horizontal lifting of the bracket 4, that is, the horizontal position of the second guide rail 43. The end of the second guide rail 43 far away from the car tail can be provided with a front stop 44 to prevent the carrier assembly 31 from sliding out, and the end of the second guide rail 43 near the car tail is provided with a movable stop 45 to facilitate the carrier assembly 31 and goods to get in and out of the cargo compartment 2.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the carrier assembly 31 includes a carrier plate 23 and a frame plate 29 for supporting the carrier plate 23. When the cargo is loaded, the carrier assemblies 31 are arranged in sequence in the cargo compartment 2. The frame armor 29 includes a bottom frame 26 and two pillow strips 27 for supporting the bottom frame 26, and the two pillow strips 27 are arranged in parallel. The two tie bars 27 are arranged with a plurality of rolling members 30 on opposite sides in the vehicle width direction so that the carrier assembly 31 can move on the first guide rail 7. The lower end surface of the pillow strip 27 is lower than the lowest point of the rolling member 30, when the moving bracket 32 does not lift the carrier assembly 31, the pillow strip 27 is placed on the bottom plate 17 of the cargo compartment 2 to support the carrier assembly 31 and the cargo, and the rolling member 30 is prevented from being damaged due to large load. The chassis 26 of the frame armor 29 can be additionally provided with a reinforcing piece to increase the strength of the frame armor 29. The carrier plate 23 may be secured to the undercarriage 26 of the frame armor 29 by fasteners. A plurality of hanging columns 271 are arranged on the side surfaces of the two sleepers 27 in the vehicle width direction. When the vehicle assembly 31 is to be pulled into the cargo compartment 2 by the pulling device 33 while staying outside the cargo compartment 2, the pulling device 33 will protrude out of the cargo compartment, and therefore, it is preferable to arrange two sleepers 27 at both ends of the side surface in the vehicle width direction so that the length of the pulling device 33 protruding out of the cargo compartment 2 is the shortest.

As shown in fig. 1 and 4, the traction device 33 includes a traction frame 9 and a power unit 36 for moving the traction frame 9 along the vehicle length direction. The traction frame 9 of this embodiment is a rectangular frame, the end portion of the traction frame 9 close to the tail of the vehicle is respectively provided with a bidirectional hook 13 on the left and right sides, the bidirectional hook 13 is hinged to the traction frame 9, and the bidirectional hook 13 is connected with the homing spring. The bidirectional hook 13 is L-shaped and comprises a front part 13a and a rear part 13b, when the front part 13a of the bidirectional hook 13 falls down, the rear part 13b stands up and hooks the hanging column 271 close to the tail of the vehicle, so as to drive the carrier assembly 31 to move towards the direction of the vehicle head; when the rear part 13b of the bidirectional hook 13 falls down, the front part 13a thereof stands up and hooks the hanging post 271 close to the vehicle head so as to drive the vehicle assembly 31 to move towards the vehicle tail direction. Anti-skid lines can be arranged on the abutting end faces of the front part 13a and the rear part 13b and the hanging columns 271, so that the traction stability is enhanced. Preferably, the lower part of the traction frame 9 is provided with two sliding grooves, the sliding grooves are C-shaped, and the sliding grooves are matched with the first sliding rails 8 arranged on the movable support 32 to slide back and forth. The first slide rail 8 disposed on the moving bracket 32 is parallel to the first guide rail 7, so that the whole traction frame 9 can slide along the first slide rail 8, and the spatial position of the traction device 33 and the carrier assembly 31 can be kept fixed, so as to achieve accurate hanging. The first slide rail 8 can be fixed to the width-fixing bar 38. In order to control the direction of the bidirectional hook 13 manually, a control member 37 is added to control the direction change of the bidirectional hook 13. Preferably, in order to avoid the first slide rails 8 interfering with the moving rack 32 and the vehicle assembly 31, a settling tank (not shown) corresponding to the first slide rails 8 is provided on the bottom plate 17 for accommodating each first slide rail 8, so as to reduce the height of the first slide rail 8 in the cargo compartment 2.

The power unit 36 of this embodiment includes a traction motor 11 and a traction member 10, an output shaft of the traction motor 11 controls a transmission shaft 40 to rotate through a gear set 39, a transmission wheel 12 is disposed on the transmission shaft 40, and a corresponding transmission wheel 12 is also disposed on an end of the movable bracket 32 near the tail of the vehicle. One end of the traction member 10 is connected with one end of the traction frame 9 close to the vehicle head, and the other end is connected with one end close to the vehicle tail, and is sleeved on the driving wheel 12, so that under the traction action of the traction motor 11 and the traction member 10, the traction device 33 can slide along the vehicle length direction on the first slide rail 8 arranged on the movable support 32. The traction piece 10 can be a steel wire rope or a chain, and the traction effect can be ensured.

It is to be understood that the present invention has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments, and that various changes or equivalent substitutions for features and embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the invention without departing from the essential scope thereof. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. An automatically loadable and unloadable truck comprising a body (1) and a cargo box (2), said cargo box (2) being arranged on the body (1), said cargo box (2) having a floor (17), characterized in that:

the lifting device comprises a plurality of carrier assemblies (31) for bearing goods, a movable support (32) for supporting the carrier assemblies (31), a traction device (33) capable of driving the carrier assemblies (31) to slide on the movable support (32), a lifting device (34) for driving the movable support (32) to vertically lift relative to a bottom plate (17) of the cargo compartment (2), and a lifting device (35) for lifting each carrier assembly (31) away from the ground; the lifting device (34) is arranged between the vehicle body (1) and the bottom plate (17) of the cargo compartment (2), and the lifting device (35) is arranged on the vehicle body (1);

the moving bracket (32) comprises a group of first guide rails (7) which are arranged in parallel, and the first guide rails (7) are arranged along the length direction of the vehicle; the lower end of each first guide rail (7) is provided with at least two supporting feet (19), each supporting foot (19) penetrates through a positioning hole (171) formed in the bottom plate (17) to extend downwards, and the lifting device (34) drives each supporting foot (19) to vertically lift relative to the bottom plate (17) of the cargo compartment (2) so as to lift the movable support (32);

when the mobile support (32) is not lifted, the carrier assembly (31) rests on the floor (17) of the cargo compartment (2).

2. The automatically loadable and unloadable wagon of claim 1, wherein: the lifting device (34) comprises rotating shafts (6) with the same number as the first guide rails (7), each rotating shaft (6) is arranged along the vehicle length direction, each rotating shaft (6) is fixed on the vehicle body (1) through a plurality of bearing seats (16), and each rotating shaft (6) is driven by a driving assembly (15) to synchronously rotate in different directions; a plurality of convex parts (18) which are convex along the radial direction are arranged on each rotating shaft (6), the periphery of each convex part (18) is an involute curved surface, the involute curved surface of each convex part (18) is respectively abutted with one supporting foot (19), and when each rotating shaft (6) rotates, each supporting foot (19) moves on the involute curved surface, so that the movable support (32) vertically lifts relative to the bottom plate (17) of the cargo compartment (2).

3. The truck of claim 2, wherein: drive assembly (15) are including outer ring gear (28) and lifting rod (5), outer ring gear (28) are fixed on spiral shaft (6) periphery, lifting rod (5) set up on automobile body (1), the upper portion of lifting rod (5) has tooth type structure (51) with outer ring gear (28) matched with.

4. An automatically loadable and unloadable wagon as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the jacking rod (5) is a telescopic sleeve rod, a tooth-shaped structure (51) is arranged at the upper end of the telescopic sleeve rod, and the lower end of the telescopic sleeve rod is hinged with the lifting device (35).

5. The automatically loadable and unloadable wagon of claim 1, wherein:

the lifting device (35) comprises a group of lifting arms (20) which are symmetrically arranged at the lower part of the vehicle body (1), a hydraulic oil cylinder which drives the lifting arms (20) to swing up and down, and a supporting arm (4) which is horizontally lifted by the lifting arms (20);

each cargo boom (20) comprises two support frames (21), the two support frames (21) are arranged in a bilateral symmetry mode, one ends of the two support frames (21) are hinged to the vehicle body (1), the other ends of the two support frames (21) are movably connected with the supporting arm (4), and the upper end and the lower end of each support frame (21) are fixedly connected through a first connecting piece (22) to form a three-dimensional framework structure with a cavity in the middle;

each support frame (21) comprises an upper rod body (211), a lower rod body (212) and a second connecting piece (24) with two ends respectively hinged with the upper rod body (211) and the lower rod body (212); one end of the upper rod body (211) connected with the supporting arm (4) is provided with a downward folding part (211a), and the joint of the downward folding part (211a) and the upper rod body (211) is provided with an upper clamping groove (211 b); an upper folding part (212a) is arranged at one end of the lower rod body (212) connected with the supporting arm (4), and a lower clamping groove (212b) is arranged at the joint of the upper folding part (212a) and the lower rod body (212); the upper clamping groove (211b) and the lower clamping groove (212b) are used for clamping the supporting arm (4).

6. An automatically loadable and unloadable wagon as claimed in claim 5, wherein: and a stopping part (25) is arranged on each lower rod body (212) and used for preventing the supporting arm (4) from being separated from the lower clamping groove (212 b).

7. An automatically loadable and unloadable wagon as claimed in claim 5 or 6, wherein: the support arm (4) is provided with an upper clamping shaft (41) and a lower clamping shaft (42), the upper clamping shaft (41) is clamped with the upper clamping grooves (211b), and the lower clamping shaft (42) is clamped with the lower clamping groove (212 b); the upper end of the supporting arm (4) is provided with a second guide rail (43), the second guide rail (43) is arranged along the vehicle length direction, and when the supporting arm (4) is lifted by the crane arm (20), the second guide rail (43) is always kept horizontal.

8. The automatically loadable and unloadable wagon of claim 1, wherein: the carrier assembly (31) comprises a carrier plate (23) and a frame armor (29) for supporting the carrier plate (23), the frame armor (29) comprises a base frame (26) and a plurality of sleeper strips (27) for supporting the base frame (26), and the number of the sleeper strips (27) is the same as that of the first guide rails (7); a plurality of rolling members (30) are arranged on the lateral surface of the pillow strip (27) along the width direction of the vehicle, so that the carrier assembly (31) moves on the first guide rail (7); the lower end surface of the pillow strip (27) is lower than the lowest point of the rolling piece (30).

9. The automatically loadable and unloadable wagon of claim 8, wherein: and a plurality of hanging columns (271) are arranged on the side surface of each pillow strip (27) along the vehicle width direction and used for drawing the carrier assembly (31) by a drawing device (33).

10. The automatically loadable and unloadable wagon of claim 9, wherein: the traction device (33) comprises a traction frame (9) and a power unit (36) for driving the traction frame (9) to move along the vehicle length direction, and a bidirectional hook (13) hinged with the traction frame (9) and a control piece (37) for controlling the direction of the bidirectional hook (13) are arranged at the end part, close to the tail of the vehicle, of the traction frame (9); the bidirectional hook (13) comprises a front part (13a) and a rear part (13b), and when the front part (13a) falls down, the rear part (13b) stands up and hooks the hanging column (271) so as to drive the carrier assembly (31) to move towards the direction of the vehicle head; when the rear part (13b) falls down, the front part (13a) stands up and hooks the hanging post (271) so as to drive the carrier assembly (31) to move towards the tail direction of the vehicle.

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