CN114422054B - Wireless channel quasi-stationary interval calculation device and method based on angle information - Google Patents
Wireless channel quasi-stationary interval calculation device and method based on angle information Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a device and a method for calculating a quasi-stationary interval of a wireless channel based on angle information, wherein the device comprises: the multi-path tap acquisition module is used for acquiring multi-path taps of the channel impulse response snapshot based on the multi-antenna wireless channel impulse response; the correlation calculation module is used for extracting the arrival angle and the departure angle of each frame of channel impulse response snapshot according to the multipath tap of each frame of channel impulse response snapshot and calculating the correlation between any two frames of channel impulse response snapshots according to the arrival angle and the departure angle; and the quasi-stationary interval determining module is used for determining the quasi-stationary interval of the channel impulse response snapshot of the specific frame according to the correlation. The method and the device make up the defect that the existing quasi-stationary interval calculation mode only depends on the power, and improve the accuracy of the calculation of the quasi-stationary interval of the wireless channel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication, in particular to a device and a method for calculating a quasi-stationary interval of a wireless channel based on angle information.
Background
The 5G mobile communication system supports high-speed mobile communication, but a wireless communication channel is in a rapidly changing non-stationary state due to doppler effect caused by high-speed movement. The channel quasi-stationary interval is an important parameter of a time-varying wireless channel, and the characteristics of the wireless channel do not change greatly in the interval, so that the channel in the interval can be regarded as a stationary channel.
The traditional communication algorithm depends on the second-order statistical characteristic of the channel, so that the research of the quasi-stationary interval of the time-varying wireless channel in a high-speed scene based on the second-order statistical characteristic has very important significance. In the prior art, the division of the wireless channel stationary interval mainly includes a spectrum divergence algorithm and a power correlation algorithm. The spectrum divergence algorithm calculates the ratio of the geometric mean and the arithmetic mean of the power delay spectrum to obtain a parameter, namely the divergence between two frames of channel snapshots. The power correlation algorithm finds a quasi-stationary interval by defining the power correlation of the channel impulse response. Therefore, in the prior art, only power is relied on, and the quasi-stationary interval error is easy to be larger.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention is directed to a device and a method for calculating a quasi-stationary interval of a wireless channel based on angle information, so as to improve the accuracy of calculating the quasi-stationary interval of the wireless channel.
According to an aspect of the present application, there is provided an apparatus for calculating a quasi-stationary interval of a wireless channel based on angle information, the apparatus including:
the multi-path tap acquisition module is used for acquiring multi-path taps of the channel impulse response snapshot based on the multi-antenna wireless channel impulse response;
the correlation calculation module is used for extracting the arrival angle and the departure angle of each frame of channel impulse response snapshot according to the multipath tap of each frame of channel impulse response snapshot and calculating the correlation between any two frames of channel impulse response snapshots according to the arrival angle and the departure angle;
and the quasi-stationary interval determining module is used for determining the quasi-stationary interval of the channel impulse response snapshot of the specific frame according to the correlation.
Preferably, the multipath tap obtaining module is further configured to perform smoothing processing on the channel impulse response snapshot within the 40 × wavelength long distance by using a sliding window, and select a multipath tap from each frame of channel impulse response snapshot based on a threshold.
Preferably, the multi-path tap obtaining module is further configured to order all multi-path taps of each frame of the channel impulse response snapshot according to power; removing the multipath taps at the top and the tail according to a set condition; calculating the power mean value and the power variance of the rest multi-path taps, and setting the sum of the power mean value and the 3 times of power variance as a threshold value; multipath taps greater than the threshold are selected.
Preferably, the correlation calculation module is further configured to estimate an arrival angle and a departure angle corresponding to a multipath tap of each frame of the channel impulse response snapshot by using a space-alternating expectation-maximization algorithm; and calculating the departure angle and the arrival angle of each frame of the channel impulse response snapshot by using a weighting algorithm.
Preferably, the correlation calculation module is further configured to calculate the correlation between two frames of channel impulse response snapshots by using a vector angle method.
Preferably, the quasi-stationary interval determining module is further configured to search, for a specific frame, a maximum snapshot index and a minimum snapshot index that are not less than a correlation threshold; and obtaining the quasi-stationary interval of the specific frame according to the product of the channel distance sampling interval and the difference value of the maximum snapshot index and the minimum snapshot index.
The application provides a method for calculating a quasi-stationary interval of a wireless channel based on angle information, which comprises the following steps:
acquiring a multi-path tap of a channel impulse response snapshot based on multi-antenna wireless channel impulse response;
extracting an arrival angle and a departure angle of each frame of channel impulse response snapshot according to a multipath tap of each frame of channel impulse response snapshot, and calculating the correlation between any two frames of channel impulse response snapshots according to the arrival angle and the departure angle;
and determining a quasi-stationary interval of the channel impulse response snapshot of the specific frame according to the correlation.
Preferably, the acquiring the multipath tap of the channel impulse response snapshot includes:
and smoothing the channel impact response snapshot in the 40-fold-wave long distance by adopting a sliding window, and selecting a multipath tap from each frame of channel impact response snapshot based on a threshold value.
Preferably, the selecting the multipath tap from each frame of the snapshot of the impulse response based on the threshold value comprises:
sequencing all multipath taps of each frame of channel impulse response snapshot according to power;
removing the multipath taps at the top and the tail according to a set condition;
calculating the power mean value and the power variance of the rest multipath taps, and setting the sum of the power mean value and the 3 times of the power variance as a threshold value;
multipath taps greater than the threshold are selected.
Preferably, the extracting the arrival angle and the departure angle corresponding to the multipath tap of each frame of the channel impulse response snapshot according to the multipath tap of each frame of the channel impulse response snapshot includes:
estimating an arrival angle and a departure angle corresponding to a multipath tap of each frame of channel impulse response snapshot by adopting a space alternation expectation maximization algorithm;
and calculating the departure angle and the arrival angle of each frame of the channel impulse response snapshot by using a weighting algorithm.
According to the method, each frame of channel snapshot is subjected to smooth filtering, and is constructed into a multidimensional vector containing arrival angle, departure angle and power information, and correlation among the channel snapshots is defined based on a vector included angle, so that a quasi-stationary interval of the dynamic time-varying wireless channel is calculated. The method and the device make up the defect that the existing quasi-stationary interval calculation mode only depends on the power, and improve the accuracy of the calculation of the quasi-stationary interval of the wireless channel. Compared with the traditional method, the method fully utilizes the angle information of the multipath tap, and the calculated quasi-stationary interval has better precision.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation of the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a conventional power correlation-based quasi-stationary interval calculation;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for calculating quasi-stationary intervals of wireless channels based on angle information according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a method for calculating a quasi-stationary interval of a wireless channel based on angle information according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In addition, the features of the embodiments and the respective embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a diagram illustrating a conventional quasi-stationary interval calculation based on power correlation. For a train at a certain position, according to a traditional quasi-stationary interval calculation method based on power correlation, a stationary interval range near the position of the train is obtained through a forward and backward searching idea. At the symmetrical side of the base station shown in fig. 1, the distance from the base station to the base station is equal to the distance from the current position of the train to the base station, so that the received signal powers at the two positions are also similar, which results in higher correlation of the channel snapshots corresponding to the two positions, and finally influences the accurate judgment of the quasi-stationary interval. Fig. 1 shows a quasi-stationary interval 101 and a misjudged quasi-stationary interval 102.
Fig. 2 shows an apparatus for calculating quasi-stationary intervals of a wireless channel based on angle information, the apparatus comprising: the multi-path tap acquisition module is used for acquiring multi-path taps of the channel impulse response snapshot based on the multi-antenna wireless channel impulse response; the correlation calculation module is used for extracting the arrival angle and the departure angle of each frame of channel impulse response snapshot according to the multipath tap of each frame of channel impulse response snapshot and calculating the correlation between any two frames of channel impulse response snapshots according to the arrival angle and the departure angle; and the quasi-stationary interval determining module is used for determining the quasi-stationary interval of the channel impulse response snapshot of the specific frame according to the correlation.
The multi-path tap obtaining module can receive the collected multi-antenna wireless channel impulse response CIR data according to the number and the coordinates of the receiving and transmitting antennas, carry out smooth processing on the channel snapshot in the 40-fold-wavelength long distance by adopting a sliding window, set a judgment threshold value based on a dynamic threshold value method, and select an effective multi-path tap from each frame of CIR snapshot. When each frame of channel snapshot is filtered by adopting dynamic threshold value to filter noise tap, all CIR taps in each frame snapshot are firstly carried out descending order according to powerSorting, removing 10% of the taps before and after the sorting, and calculating the power average value of the 80% taps in the middle
Sum power variance
Setting the threshold value to
Taps greater than the threshold are considered valid taps.
The correlation calculation module can extract arrival angle and departure angle information from all effective taps in each frame of snapshot, and calculate the weighted arrival angle and the weighted departure angle of each frame of snapshot by using a weighting algorithm; and constructing each frame snapshot into a three-dimensional data point containing power, a weighted arrival angle and a weighted departure angle, and calculating the correlation between any two frame snapshots by using the definition of a vector included angle. Estimating an arrival angle and a departure angle corresponding to each effective tap by adopting an angle estimation algorithm, such as a space alternation expectation maximization algorithm, an MUSIC algorithm and the like; and solving a weighted departure angle and an arrival angle by adopting a weighting method for all effective taps of each frame of channel snapshot, wherein the weighting method is calculated according to the following formula: and solving a weighted departure angle and an arrival angle of all effective taps of each frame of channel snapshot by adopting a weighting method, wherein the weighting method is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein
For the arrival/departure angle corresponding to the kth valid tap in the channel snapshot of the t-th frame,
representing the power of the tap.
Constructing each frame of channel snapshot into a three-dimensional array, which is expressed as:
wherein
Represents the sum of all the active tap powers in the t frame snapshot and can be expressed as:
The correlation calculation module calculates the correlation between any two frame channel snapshots by adopting a vector angle method, and the correlation is expressed as follows:
The quasi-stationary interval determining module is used for determining any position based on a set judgment thresholdAnd (4) in channel snapshot, searching a snapshot index with correlation higher than a decision threshold forward and backward, and determining a quasi-stationary interval range according to a channel sampling period and the moving speed of a transceiving end. Wherein a snapshot correlation threshold is set
To the secondtThe frame snapshots are searched forward and backward, respectively, to find the largest snapshot index that is not less than the correlation threshold, which is expressed as:
sampling interval according to channel distance
And the searched snapshot index, calculatetThe quasi-stationary interval of the frame channel snapshot is expressed as:
fig. 3 shows a method for calculating a quasi-stationary interval of a wireless channel based on angle information, which includes:
And step 303, determining a quasi-stationary interval of the channel impulse response snapshot of the specific frame according to the correlation. In this step, for a specific frame, searching a maximum snapshot index and a minimum snapshot index which are not less than a correlation threshold; and obtaining the quasi-stationary interval of the specific frame according to the product of the channel distance sampling interval and the difference value of the maximum snapshot index and the minimum snapshot index.
In summary, in the method according to the embodiment of the present invention, each frame of channel snapshot is subjected to smoothing filtering, and is constructed as a multidimensional vector including arrival angle, departure angle, and power information, and correlation between channel snapshots is defined based on a vector included angle, so as to calculate a quasi-stationary interval of a dynamic time-varying wireless channel. Compared with the traditional method, the method fully utilizes the angle information of the multipath tap, and the calculated quasi-stationary interval has better precision.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, which is intended to cover any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An apparatus for calculating quasi-stationary intervals of a wireless channel based on angle information, the apparatus comprising:
the multi-path tap acquisition module is used for acquiring multi-path taps of the channel impulse response snapshot based on multi-antenna wireless channel impulse response;
the correlation calculation module is used for extracting the arrival angle and the departure angle of each frame of channel impulse response snapshot according to the multipath tap of each frame of channel impulse response snapshot and calculating the correlation between any two frames of channel impulse response snapshots according to the arrival angle and the departure angle;
a quasi-stationary interval determining module, configured to determine a quasi-stationary interval of a particular frame channel impulse response snapshot according to the correlation;
the correlation calculation module is further used for estimating an arrival angle and a departure angle corresponding to a multipath tap of each frame of channel impulse response snapshot by adopting a space alternation expectation maximization algorithm; and calculating the departure angle and the arrival angle of each frame of the channel impulse response snapshot by using a weighting algorithm.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the multipath tap obtaining module is further configured to perform smoothing processing on the channel impulse response snapshots within the 40 × wavelength long distance by using a sliding window, and select a multipath tap from each frame of the channel impulse response snapshots based on a threshold value.
3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the multipath tap obtaining module is further configured to rank all multipath taps of each frame of the snapshot of the channel impulse response by power; removing the multipath taps at the top and the tail according to a set condition; calculating the power mean value and the power variance of the rest multi-path taps, and setting the sum of the power mean value and the 3 times of power variance as a threshold value; multipath taps greater than the threshold are selected.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the correlation calculation module is further configured to calculate the correlation between two snapshots of channel impulse response by using a vector angle method.
5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the quasi-stationary interval determining module is further configured to search, for a specific frame, a maximum snapshot index and a minimum snapshot index that are not less than a correlation threshold; and obtaining the quasi-stationary interval of the specific frame according to the product of the channel distance sampling interval and the difference value of the maximum snapshot index and the minimum snapshot index.
6. A method for calculating a quasi-stationary interval of a wireless channel based on angle information is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring a multi-path tap of a channel impulse response snapshot based on multi-antenna wireless channel impulse response;
extracting the arrival angle and the departure angle of each frame of channel impulse response snapshot according to the multipath tap of each frame of channel impulse response snapshot, and calculating the correlation between any two frames of channel impulse response snapshots according to the arrival angle and the departure angle;
determining a quasi-stationary interval of the channel impact response snapshot of a specific frame according to the correlation;
the extracting the arrival angle and the departure angle corresponding to the multipath tap of each frame of the channel impulse response snapshot according to the multipath tap of each frame of the channel impulse response snapshot comprises:
estimating an arrival angle and a departure angle corresponding to a multipath tap of each frame of channel impulse response snapshot by adopting a space alternation expectation maximization algorithm;
and calculating the departure angle and the arrival angle of each frame of the channel impulse response snapshot by using a weighting algorithm.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the obtaining multipath taps for the snapshot of the channel impulse response comprises:
and smoothing the channel impact response snapshots in the long distance of 40 multiplied waves by adopting a sliding window, and selecting a multipath tap from each frame of channel impact response snapshot based on a threshold value.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein selecting multipath taps from each frame of the impulse response snapshot based on the threshold comprises:
sequencing all multipath taps of each frame of channel impulse response snapshot according to power;
removing the multipath taps at the top and the tail according to a set condition;
calculating the power mean value and the power variance of the rest multi-path taps, and setting the sum of the power mean value and the 3 times of power variance as a threshold value;
multipath taps greater than the threshold are selected.
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