CN114421050A - Cold plate, shell, battery module and installation method of battery module - Google Patents
Cold plate, shell, battery module and installation method of battery module Download PDFInfo
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- CN114421050A CN114421050A CN202111670577.XA CN202111670577A CN114421050A CN 114421050 A CN114421050 A CN 114421050A CN 202111670577 A CN202111670577 A CN 202111670577A CN 114421050 A CN114421050 A CN 114421050A
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- plate
- cold plate
- cold
- aluminum alloy
- base plate
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
- H01M10/6554—Rods or plates
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/289—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a cold plate which comprises a base plate and a stamped plate, wherein the base plate is used for connecting a frame of a battery and providing support for the stamped plate, and the base plate is made of an aluminum alloy material. The stamping plate is stacked on the base plate and connected with the base plate, one side of the stamping plate, which is close to the base plate, is inwards sunken to form a cooling channel, the stamping plate is hermetically connected with the base plate, and the cooling channel is used for increasing the channel for water flow so as to reduce the temperature of the battery. The cooling channel is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, and the water inlet and the water outlet are used for being communicated with an external water source to improve water flow for the cooling channel. According to the invention, the base plate of the cold plate is made of aluminum alloy, the aluminum alloy has good mechanical property, the rigidity of the cold plate can be enhanced, and the cold plate cannot bend and deform when being impacted, so that the normal cooling effect of the water cooling system on the battery is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lithium battery manufacturing, in particular to a cold plate, a shell, a battery module and a method for installing the battery module.
Background
The lithium cell can produce a large amount of heats in the use, for avoiding a large amount of heats production conflagration, generally can be at the top of battery module or bottom installation cooling channel, gets into cooling channel through the continuous water entering of input and makes the battery cooling.
The prior art uses cold plates to dissipate heat from the battery. Be equipped with cooling channel in the cold drawing, through constantly pouring into water in to cooling channel and to the battery cooling. The cold plate in the prior art adopts three-series aluminum alloy, and the three-series aluminum alloy has lower structural strength and is easy to deform. The thickness of the cold plate is not easy to be overlarge so as to prevent the thicker cold plate from reducing the capacity density of the battery, the thinner cold plate is generally adopted, and the thinner cold plate is easy to deform to influence the use of the cold plate under the conditions of impact or other severe working conditions in the use process of the battery.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a cold plate, a shell, a battery module and a method for installing the battery module, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art.
In order to solve the above problems, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cold plate comprising a base plate and a stamped plate, wherein the base plate is used for connecting a frame of a battery and providing a support for the stamped plate, and the base plate is made of a composite aluminum alloy material. The stamping plate is stacked on the base plate and connected with the base plate, one side of the stamping plate, which is close to the base plate, is inwards sunken to form a cooling channel, the stamping plate is hermetically connected with the base plate, and the cooling channel is used for increasing the channel for water flow so as to reduce the temperature of the battery. It should be understood that the side of the base plate close to the stamping plate may be provided with an inwardly recessed cooling channel, or both the cold-pressing plate and the base plate may be provided with a recessed cooling channel, that is, the shape or forming manner of the cooling channel is not limited as long as the cold plate can exert the cooling effect. The cooling channel is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, and the water inlet and the water outlet are used for being communicated with an external water source to improve water flow for the cooling channel. The base plate of the cold plate is made of the aluminum alloy, the composite aluminum alloy has certain rigidity, the hardness of the cold plate can be enhanced, and the cold plate cannot bend and deform when being impacted or in severe conditions, so that the normal cooling effect of the water cooling system on the battery is ensured.
In one embodiment, the substrate includes:
a first layer made of a third-family aluminum alloy
A second layer made of a six-series aluminum alloy and connected to the first layer in an overlapping manner.
The ratio of the thickness of the first layer to the total substrate thickness is in the range of 5% to 18%.
In one embodiment, the stamped plate is made of an aluminum alloy material.
In one embodiment, the stamped plate is made of a ternary aluminum alloy.
In one embodiment, the water inlet and the water outlet are located at the same end of the cold plate.
The invention also relates to a casing for accommodating a plurality of side-by-side cells, characterized in that it comprises:
the four side plates are connected end to form a frame, and the side plates are made of six-series aluminum alloy;
at least one cold plate as described above attached to the top and/or bottom of the perimeter frame;
and the heat-conducting glue is arranged on one side of the cold plate close to the inside of the shell.
In one embodiment, the cold plate is shown attached to the top and/or top of the rim by a wire-fill weld. Curb plate and cold drawing welding because the curb plate adopts Liu system aluminum alloy, and the second floor of cold plate adopts six system aluminum alloy meters, and cold plate and curb plate can adopt welding mode to connect, can also guarantee the joint strength of cold drawing and curb plate through filling the welding of silk, make the battery module under impact or other abominable operating modes, can not take place to become invalid, guarantee the security of battery module, the life-span of extension battery module.
In one embodiment, the two cold plates are respectively connected to the top and the bottom of the frame, and the water inlet and the water outlet of the two cold plates are located at the same end of the shell.
The present invention also relates to a battery module, wherein the battery module includes:
the above-mentioned housing;
the multi-row battery cell is arranged in the shell.
The invention also relates to a method for installing the battery module, which comprises the following steps:
s1, placing the frame on the top surface of the cold plate, and enabling the side plates to be respectively located at the peripheral edges of the cold plate, so that included angles are formed between the side plates and the four side surfaces of the cold plate;
s2, placing welding wires in an included angle between the side plate and the cold plate;
s3, heating and melting the welding wire through laser to enable the frame to be connected to the cold plate;
s4, installing multiple rows of battery cells in the frame, and enabling the multiple rows of battery cells to abut against the cold plate;
and S4, welding another cold plate on the top of the frame through laser.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an exploded view of a cold plate of one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an exploded view of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 3 according to the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1. a cold plate; 11. a substrate; 12. stamping the plate; 121. a cooling channel; 122. a water inlet; 123. a water outlet; 100. a housing; 2. a frame; 21. a side plate; 200. a battery module; 3. multiple rows of battery cells; 4. and (4) welding wires.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings so that the objects, features and advantages of the invention can be more clearly understood. It should be understood that the embodiments shown in the drawings are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, but are merely intended to illustrate the spirit of the technical solution of the present invention.
In the following description, for the purposes of illustrating various disclosed embodiments, certain specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the various disclosed embodiments. One skilled in the relevant art will recognize, however, that the embodiments may be practiced without one or more of the specific details. In other instances, well-known devices, structures and techniques associated with this application may not be shown or described in detail to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the description of the embodiments.
Reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment. Thus, the appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.
In the following description, for the purposes of clearly illustrating the structure and operation of the present invention, directional terms will be used, but terms such as "front", "rear", "left", "right", "outer", "inner", "outer", "inward", "upper", "lower", etc. should be construed as words of convenience and should not be construed as limiting terms.
The invention relates to a cold plate 1, wherein the cold plate 1 comprises a base plate 11 and a stamped plate 12, the base plate 11 is used for connecting a frame 2 of a battery and providing support for the stamped plate 12, and the base plate 11 is made of a composite aluminum alloy material. The stamping plate 12 is stacked on the base plate 11 and connected with the base plate 11, as shown in fig. 1, one side of the stamping plate 12 close to the base plate 11 is recessed inwards to form a cooling channel 121, the stamping plate 12 and the base plate 11 are connected in a sealing mode to prevent liquid in the cooling channel 121 from leaking, and the cooling channel 121 is used for increasing the channel for water flow to reduce the temperature of the battery. It should be understood that in other embodiments, the side of the base plate 11 adjacent to the stamping plate 12 may be provided with the cooling channels 121 recessed inward, or both the cold plate and the base plate 11 may be provided with the cooling channels 121 recessed inward, i.e., the shape or formation of the cooling channels 121 is not limited, as long as the cold plate 1 can exert a cooling effect. The cooling channel 121 has a water inlet 122 and a water outlet 123, and the water inlet 122 and the water outlet 123 are used for communicating with an external water source to provide water flow for the cooling channel 121. The base plate 11 of the cold plate 1 is made of composite aluminum alloy, the composite aluminum alloy has certain rigidity, the hardness of the cold plate 1 can be enhanced, and the cold plate 1 cannot bend and deform under impact or severe conditions, so that the normal cooling effect of a water cooling system on a battery is ensured.
The shapes of the base plate 11 and the punched plate 12 are determined according to the shape of the battery, the size also needs to be determined according to the size of the battery, different battery sizes are different, and the sizes of the base plate 11 and the punched plate 12 can be preferably fully covered on the top of the battery. The substrate 11 is connected to the frame 2 of the casing 100 to form the top of the casing 100, and the size of the substrate 11 is slightly larger than that of the top of the battery to ensure that the battery can be installed in the casing 100. In the embodiment shown in fig. 2 and 3, the battery is a rectangular parallelepiped stacked body formed by stacking a plurality of cells, and the base plate 11 and the punched plate 12 are both rectangular.
The substrate 11 may be made of a composite material of a plurality of aluminum alloys, such as tetra-aluminum, penta-aluminum, hexa-aluminum, and hepta-aluminum. The quinary aluminum takes magnesium as a main alloy element, has better tolerance, fatigue resistance and welding performance and higher hardness, and is suitable for being used as the material of the substrate 11. The six-series aluminum takes magnesium and silicon as main alloy elements, has good welding performance, corrosion resistance and rigidity, and is an aluminum alloy widely applied at present. The substrate 11 can be made of any aluminum alloy, so that the requirement can be met, and the cold plate 1 cannot be impacted, extruded and deformed.
At present, there are many kinds of aluminum alloys, one series to seven series, each series is divided into different types, and the types can be combined and also can be varied, but the basic rigidity requirement of the whole body is required to be ensured in any combination. Generally, the first to third series have high aluminum content, light weight and high price. Since the aluminum alloy has a low aluminum content of three or more series and a high content of other metals, and the hardness of the aluminum alloy is improved, the aluminum alloy of three or less series should be mixed with the aluminum alloy of three or more series to improve the hardness of the substrate 11, and the aluminum alloys of four to seven series may be mixed arbitrarily. Preferably, the first to third series aluminum alloys and the fourth to seventh series aluminum alloys are mixed, the hardness of the substrate 11 is improved, and the weight of the mixed aluminum alloy can be controlled.
The composite aluminum alloy can comprise two aluminum alloys compounded together, and can also comprise a plurality of aluminum alloys compounded together. The compound form of aluminum alloy also can have a lot of, can mix along 11 thickness directions of base plate, connects the superpose of the aluminum alloy of multiple slice, can also melt into multiple aluminum alloy and recast into the mixture, and the mode of mixing is unrestricted, can guarantee that whole base plate 11's hardness can.
Alternatively, the substrate 11 comprises two layers, the first layer being made of a third series aluminum alloy and the second layer being made of a sixth series aluminum alloy, the first and second layers being stacked and joined together. The six-series aluminum mainly comprises magnesium and silicon, and has the advantages of high hardness, moderate strength and good welding performance. The ternary aluminum is an aluminum alloy taking manganese as a main alloy element, has good corrosion resistance and welding performance and light weight, and after the ternary aluminum and the ternary aluminum are combined, the weight of the substrate 11 can be well controlled, the price is reduced, and the hardness and the strength of the whole substrate 11 can be improved. Since the ternary aluminum contains a relatively large amount of aluminum and is easily deformed and bent, it is necessary to control the content of the ternary aluminum. Preferably, the ratio of the thickness of the first layer to the total thickness of the substrate 11 is in the range of 5% to 18%, and the aluminum content of the third aluminum is controlled in the range of 5% to 18%, i.e., the mixed aluminum alloy is mainly based on the sixth aluminum. The strength and hardness of the six-series aluminum are good, and the ratio of the six-series aluminum in the range can ensure the strength and hardness of the whole substrate 11 and reduce the weight of the aluminum plate under the condition of not changing the thickness of the aluminum plate and maintaining the energy density of the battery.
The stamping plate 12 is made of an aluminum alloy material, the stamping plate 12 is welded with the base plate 11, the stamping plate 12 can be made of any aluminum alloy, the hardness of the whole cold plate 1 can be improved, preferably three-series aluminum alloy and five-series aluminum alloy are selected, the three-series aluminum alloy is light in weight, the hardness and the strength are improved by a large amount compared with pure aluminum, and the stamping plate 12 is matched with the aluminum alloy of the base plate 11 after the three-series aluminum alloy is adopted, so that the strength of the whole cold plate 1 can be ensured. The five-series aluminum alloy is mainly magnesium, and both the hardness and the strength can meet the requirements. The stamping plate 12 may be mixed with the base plate 11 to be made of different aluminum alloys, preferably, the stamping plate 12 is made of a three-series aluminum alloy, the base plate 11 is made of a six-series aluminum alloy, the stamping plate 12 is matched with the base plate 11 to improve the strength of the cold plate 1, and the stamping plate 12 may be connected to the base plate 11 by brazing.
The substrate 11 and the stamping plate 12 are preferably combined in the following manner: the base plate 11 is made of a composite material of three-series aluminum alloy and six-series aluminum alloy, and the stamping plate 12 is made of six-series aluminum alloy. The basic three-system aluminum is used for welding with the stamped plate, the six-system aluminum is convenient to connect with the side plate 21, the brazing quality of the cold plate is guaranteed, meanwhile, the requirement of base material strength can be met, and the connection strength with the shell is enhanced.
The cooling channel 121, the water inlet 122 and the water outlet 123 are located at the same end of the cold plate 1. The water inlet 122 and the water outlet 123 at the same end allow the cold plate 1 to be conveniently installed and connected to an external water supply.
The invention also relates to a casing 100, wherein the casing 100 is used for accommodating multiple rows of battery cells, and the casing 100 comprises four side plates 21, at least one cold plate 1 and heat-conducting glue. The four side plates 21 are connected end to form the frame 2, the side plates 21 are made of six-series aluminum alloy, the hardness of the whole shell 100 can be improved, the side plates can be welded with a second layer of six-series aluminum alloy meter of the cold plate 1, and the connection strength of the cold plate 1 and the side plates 21 is enhanced. The base plate 11 of the cold plate 1 is made of a three-series aluminum alloy and six-series aluminum alloy composite material, and the stamping plate 12 is made of six-series aluminum alloy. Three systems of aluminium of base plate 11 are used for with the punching press board welding, six systems of aluminium are convenient for connect with curb plate 21, base plate 11 is connected in the top of frame 2, or cold drawing 1 connects in the bottom of frame 2, perhaps two cold drawing 1 connect respectively in the top and the bottom of frame 2, cold drawing 1 and frame 2 form a casing 100, the battery is installed in casing 100, rivers in the cold drawing 1 can be for the battery cooling, and the top cap or the bottom of casing can be saved to the cold drawing moreover, save material. The cold plate 1 of the present invention has a certain rigidity and can be deformed without impact and compression. The shell 100 of the invention has better strength, and the cold plate 1 is made of composite aluminum alloy material, so that the cold plate has enough strength to resist impact. The side plate 21 is made of six-series aluminum alloy, the side plate 21 can be welded with the cold plate 1, the connection strength of the side plate is guaranteed, and the whole shell 100 has enough strength and can resist impact.
The heat-conducting glue is arranged on one side, close to the inside of the shell 100, of the cold plate, the battery module is arranged behind the shell 100, the heat-conducting glue is located at the top or the bottom of the battery module, or is arranged at the bottom or the top of the battery module, and the heat-conducting glue can transmit heat of the battery module to the cold plate, so that thermal resistance is reduced, and heat conduction efficiency is improved.
Optionally, the cold plate 1 is attached to the top and/or bottom of the rim 2 by wire-fill welding. As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the outer circumference of the cold plate 1 is substantially the same as the inner circumference of the frame 2, the cold plate 1 is placed at the top or bottom of the frame 2, an included angle is formed between each side surface of the cold plate 1 and the top surface of the frame 2, the welding wire 4 is placed in the included angle, and the cold plate 1 and the frame 2 are connected by laser. Of course, a groove may be formed on the cold plate 1 or the side plate 21, and the welding wire 4 may be placed in the groove for welding. The connection strength of the cold plate 1 and the frame 2 can be guaranteed by the wire filling welding mode, and compared with the bolt connection in the prior art, the occupied space of the bolt is saved, and the energy density of the battery is improved.
Optionally, the two cold plates 1 are respectively connected to the top and the bottom of the frame 2, and the arrangement of the two cold plates 1 can increase the cooling effect on the battery, so that the normal operation of the battery is ensured. The water inlet 122 and the water outlet 123 of the two cold plates 1 may be located at two ends of the housing 100, or may be located at the same end of the housing 100, preferably at the same end of the housing 100, as shown in fig. 3, and the two cold plates 1 are connected to an external water source device.
The opening directions of the water inlet 122 and the water outlet 123 do not affect the use of the cold plate 1, and the two cold plates 1 may both be opened toward the top of the battery, or one may be opened toward the top of the battery and the other may be opened toward the bottom of the battery, in the embodiment shown in fig. 2 and 3, the water inlet 122 and the water outlet 123 of the cold plate 1 located at the top of the frame 2 are opened toward the bottom of the battery, and the water inlet 122 and the water outlet 123 of the cold plate 1 located at the bottom of the frame 2 are opened toward the top of the battery.
The invention further relates to a battery module 200, wherein the battery module 200 comprises the casing 100 and a plurality of rows of battery cells 3, and the plurality of rows of battery cells 3 are installed in the casing 100. The top or the bottom of the shell 100 used by the battery module 200 of the invention is replaced by the cold plate 1, and the strength and the hardness of the cold plate 1 and the frame 2 are better, so that the temperature of multiple rows of battery cells can be continuously reduced, and the multiple rows of battery cells can be ensured to normally function.
The present invention also relates to a method of mounting a battery module 200, as shown in fig. 4, the method including the steps of:
s1, placing the frame 2 on the top surface of the cold plate 1, and enabling the side plates 21 to be respectively located at the peripheral edges of the cold plate 1, so that included angles are formed between the side plates 21 and the four side surfaces of the cold plate 1;
s2, placing the welding wire 4 in an included angle between the side plate 21 and the cold plate 1;
s3, welding wires 4 are heated and melted through laser to enable the frame 2 to be connected to the cold plate 1;
s4, installing the multiple rows of cells 3 in the frame 2, and enabling the multiple rows of cells 3 to abut against the cold plate 1;
and S4, welding another cold plate 1 on the top of the frame 2 by laser.
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described in detail, it should be understood that various changes and modifications of the invention can be effected therein by those skilled in the art after reading the above teachings of the invention. Such equivalents are intended to fall within the scope of the claims appended hereto.
Claims (10)
1. A cold plate, comprising:
the substrate is made of a composite aluminum alloy material;
the stamping plate is stacked on the base plate and connected with the base plate, a concave cooling channel is arranged on the side surface of the base plate and/or the stamping plate, which is adjacent to the stamping plate and/or the base plate, and the cooling channel is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet.
2. The cold plate of claim 1, wherein the base plate comprises:
a first layer made of a third-family aluminum alloy
A second layer made of a six-series aluminum alloy and connected to the first layer in an overlapping manner.
The ratio of the thickness of the first layer to the total substrate thickness is in the range of 5% to 18%.
3. The cold plate of claim 1, wherein the stamped plate is made of an aluminum alloy material.
4. The cold plate of claim 2, wherein the stamped plate is made of a ternary aluminum alloy.
5. The cold plate of claim 1, wherein the water inlet and the water outlet are located at a same end of the cold plate.
6. A housing for holding a plurality of side-by-side cells, the housing comprising:
the four side plates are connected end to form a frame, and the side plates are made of six-series aluminum alloy;
at least one cold plate of claim 4 attached to the top and/or bottom of the perimeter frame;
and the heat-conducting glue is arranged on one side of the cold plate close to the inside of the shell.
7. The housing of claim 6, wherein the cold plate is attached to the top and/or bottom of the rim by a wire-fill weld.
8. The housing of claim 6, wherein the two cold plates are attached to the top and bottom of the rim, respectively, and the water inlet and outlet of the two cold plates are located at the same end of the housing.
9. The utility model provides a battery module which characterized in that, battery module includes:
the housing of claim 6;
the multi-row battery cell is arranged in the shell.
10. A method for mounting a battery module, comprising the steps of:
s1, placing the frame of claim 7 on the top surface of the cold plate, so that the side plates are respectively positioned at the peripheral edges of the cold plate, and included angles are formed between the side plates and the four side surfaces of the cold plate;
s2, placing welding wires in an included angle between the side plate and the cold plate;
s3, heating and melting the welding wire through laser to enable the frame to be connected to the cold plate;
s4, installing multiple rows of battery cells in the frame, and enabling the multiple rows of battery cells to abut against the cold plate;
and S4, welding another cold plate on the top of the frame through laser.
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