CN114420775A - Solar cell and production method thereof - Google Patents
Solar cell and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114420775A CN114420775A CN202111509209.7A CN202111509209A CN114420775A CN 114420775 A CN114420775 A CN 114420775A CN 202111509209 A CN202111509209 A CN 202111509209A CN 114420775 A CN114420775 A CN 114420775A
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001259 photo etching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000008216 herbs Nutrition 0.000 abstract 4
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000004209 hair Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000206 photolithography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H01L31/02363—
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- H01L31/022425—
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- H01L31/042—
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses a solar cell and a production method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic module production. The application provides a solar wafer's surface includes grid line district and active area, the printing has the grid line in the grid line district, solar wafer's the sunken body of decurrent at least one that is formed with on the surface, at least part sunken body distribution in the active area of battery piece, sunken body is used for the increase the area of making herbs into wool of solar wafer when the silicon chip, the surface of sunken body is formed with the pyramid structure that produces through making herbs into wool. This application is through forming sunken body on the active region on solar wafer's surface to increase the making herbs into wool area, the more pyramid structure that the making herbs into wool produced in these sunken bodies has increased the rate of sinking of battery piece, and then has improved the light absorption rate of battery piece unit area.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic module production, and relates to a solar cell and a production method thereof.
Background
In the process of forming the cell, the cell is formed by multiple processes of the silicon wafer, such as texturing and silk-screen printing. Wherein, the texture etching is to etch the silicon slice formed by cutting by acid or alkali so as to form pyramids on the surface of the silicon slice; and the silk screen printing is to print grid lines on the silicon chip after the texturing to form a battery piece.
The purpose of texturing the silicon wafer is as follows: pyramids are formed on the surface of the silicon wafer, and can trap light of external light, reduce light reflection and improve light absorption rate of unit area.
The surface of the current silicon wafer is planar, and a code printing traceability requirement exists, namely, a code is printed on the silicon wafer by laser, and a traceable two-dimensional code, namely a traceability code, is formed by small concave bodies formed by laser code printing. In the traditional research theory, technicians in the field consider that laser coding on a silicon wafer influences the light absorption rate of a battery piece, and the reason is deduced that texturing cannot be performed in a small coding groove body, so that the texturing area of the silicon wafer can be reduced. Therefore, it may be required that the tracing code be typed as small as possible. Therefore, the area requirement of each small groove body in the tracing code is very small, and the subsequent tracing identification cannot be influenced by the too small groove body due to the wool making.
Disclosure of Invention
The applicant of the present application finds, in recent research experiments, that a large concave body is formed on the surface of a silicon wafer, texturing can still be performed in the concave body to form a pyramid, and the concave body has a larger area than a plane, so that under the condition that the projection areas are the same, the light trapping effect of a cell with the concave body formed on the surface is better, and the light absorption rate is higher. Based on this, the application provides a novel solar cell and a production method thereof. The technical scheme is as follows:
in a first aspect, the application provides a solar wafer, solar wafer's surface includes grid line district and active area, the printing has the grid line on the grid line district, solar wafer's the sunken body of decurrent at least one that is formed with on the surface, at least part sunken body distribute in the active area of battery piece, sunken body is used for the increase the system fine hair area of solar wafer when the silicon chip, the surface of sunken body is formed with the pyramid structure that produces through system fine hair.
Optionally, the surface of the solar cell piece comprises an identification area and a non-identification area, a tracing code is formed in the identification area, the tracing code is used for tracing the solar cell piece, and the concave bodies are distributed in the non-identification area.
Optionally, the concave bodies are located in the non-mark region marks of the solar cell.
Optionally, a strip-shaped groove perpendicular to the grid line is further formed in the solar cell, wherein:
the strip-shaped groove is one and is communicated with the first end of each grid line; or,
the two strip-shaped grooves are respectively communicated with two ends of each grid line.
Optionally, pits or protrusions are arranged at two ends of each grid line on the front surface of the solar cell; or the back surface of the solar cell piece is provided with bulges or pits at the positions opposite to the two ends of each grid line;
or the front surface of the solar cell piece is provided with one of a pit and a protrusion at the first end of each grid line, and the back surface of the solar cell piece is provided with the other of the pit and the protrusion at the position opposite to the second end of each grid line.
Optionally, the number of the concave bodies is at least two, and the arrangement mode of the at least two concave bodies includes at least one of the following modes: the solar cells are distributed at preset intervals, side by side, in a cross way or randomly on the surface of the solar cell.
Optionally, the concave bodies are distributed on at least one of the front surface and the back surface of the solar cell.
Optionally, the diameter of the upper end of the concave body ranges from 2 μm to 200 μm, and the depth of the concave body ranges from 4 μm to 25 μm.
Optionally, the diameter of the upper end of the concave body ranges from 90 μm to 130 μm.
Optionally, the depth of the concave body ranges from 4 μm to 11 μm.
Optionally, the solar cell is a single crystal solar cell or a polycrystalline solar cell, and the solar cell is a standard cell or a cell formed by splitting the standard cell.
In a second aspect, the present application also provides a method for producing a solar cell, where the method for producing a solar cell includes:
performing a recess forming treatment on at least one surface of a silicon wafer to form a recess on the surface of the silicon wafer, wherein the surface of the silicon wafer comprises a region to be printed and a non-printing region, and at least part of the recess is distributed in the non-printing region;
texturing the silicon wafer to form a pyramid structure on the surface of the silicon wafer, wherein the pyramid structure is formed in the depression after texturing;
and printing silver paste on the region to be printed of the silicon wafer to obtain the solar cell with the grid line printed on the surface.
Optionally, performing a recess forming process on a non-printing region of at least one surface of a silicon wafer, so that a recess is formed on the surface of the silicon wafer, including:
carrying out laser scribing in different directions on at least one surface of the silicon wafer, and forming the concave body at the crossed position of the scribing lines in different directions; or,
carrying out laser coding on at least one surface of the silicon wafer to form the sunken body; or,
placing the silicon wafer in a reaction tank with a corrosion material stored therein, and forming the at least one concave body on the non-printing area of the silicon wafer through corrosion; or,
adding a material on at least one surface of the silicon wafer to form the concave body; or,
and photoetching at least one surface of the silicon wafer to form the concave body.
Optionally, the method for producing the solar cell further comprises:
and performing laser coding on the non-printing area of the silicon wafer according to a preset program to form a tracing code, wherein the tracing code is used for tracing the silicon wafer.
Optionally, the laser coding is performed on the non-printing area of the silicon wafer according to a predetermined program to form a traceability code, including:
and carrying out laser coding on a marking area of a non-printing area of the silicon wafer according to a preset program to form the tracing code, wherein the marking area is an area outside an area to be silk-screened on the surface of the silicon wafer, and the concave body is not formed in the marking area.
Optionally, after silver paste is printed on the region to be printed of the silicon wafer to obtain the solar cell with the grid line printed on the surface, the method for producing the solar cell further includes:
a strip-shaped groove perpendicular to the grid lines is formed in the first end of each grid line and communicated with the first end of each grid line; or,
and two strip-shaped grooves perpendicular to the grid lines are respectively formed at two ends of each grid line, and the two strip-shaped grooves are respectively communicated with two ends of each grid line.
Optionally, after silver paste is printed on the region to be printed of the silicon wafer to obtain the solar cell with the grid line printed on the surface, the method for producing the solar cell further includes:
pits are formed at two ends of each grid line on the front surface of the solar cell or protrusions are formed at two ends of each grid line; or,
forming bulges or forming pits at the positions of the back surface of the solar cell piece opposite to the two ends of each grid line; or,
and arranging one of pits and bulges at the first ends of the grid lines on the front surface of the solar cell piece, and arranging the other one of pits and bulges at the positions, opposite to the second ends of the grid lines, on the back surface of the solar cell piece.
Based on the technical characteristics, the application can at least realize the following beneficial effects:
the concave bodies are formed on the surface of the solar cell to increase the texturing area, and the more pyramid structures generated by texturing in the concave bodies increase the light trapping rate of the cell, so that the light absorption rate of the cell per unit area is improved.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention, as claimed.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a solar cell sheet provided in one embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2A is a schematic illustration of a comparison of pyramidal structures created within a planar and concave body provided in one embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2B is a schematic diagram of a concave body with different concavities and a pyramid structure created in the concavities, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of a solar cell sheet provided in another embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4A is a schematic illustration of a distribution of partial dimple spacing at predetermined distances as provided in one embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4B is a schematic illustration of a partial concave body side-by-side arrangement as provided in one embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a method for producing a solar cell provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a schematic flow chart of a method for producing a solar cell provided in another embodiment of the present application.
Wherein the reference numbers are as follows:
10. an active region; 11. an identification area; 20. a gate line; 30. a recessed body; 40. a pyramid structure; 50. and tracing the source code.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present invention. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the invention, as detailed in the appended claims.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a solar cell provided in an embodiment of the present application, a surface of the solar cell provided in the present application includes a gate line region and an active region 10, a gate line 20 is printed on the gate line region, at least one recess 30 is formed on the surface of the solar cell, the recess 30 is used to increase a texturing area of the solar cell when the solar cell is on a silicon wafer, and a pyramid structure 40 generated by texturing is formed on the surface of the recess 30.
Optionally, at least a portion of the recessed bodies are distributed within the active area 10 of the cell plate. In some possible implementations, the partial concave bodies may be distributed on the gate line region of the battery cell.
As shown in fig. 2A, as can be seen from fig. 2A, the number of the pyramid structures 40 (shown in (2) in fig. 2A) generated in the concave body 30 is greater than the number of the pyramid structures 40 (shown in (1) in fig. 2A) generated in the plane, and due to the concave shape of the concave body 30, the pyramid structures 40 in the concave body 30 can reflect light to other pyramid structures 40 of the concave body 30 when reflecting light, so that the light trapping rate is increased relative to the reflection on the plane.
In practical applications, in order to increase the light trapping rate of the textured depressed body 30, the depressed body 30 may have an arc-shaped concave surface as shown in (2) of fig. 2A, the depressed body 30 may also have a tapered concave surface, a trapezoidal concave surface, an irregular concave surface, or the like, the depressed body 30 having a trapezoidal concave surface and the pyramid structure 40 formed therein are shown in (1) of fig. 2B, the depressed body 30 having a tapered concave surface and the pyramid structure 40 formed therein are shown in (2) of fig. 2B, and the depressed body 30 having an irregular concave surface and the pyramid structure 40 formed therein are shown in (3) of fig. 2B.
Referring to fig. 3, the surface of the solar cell provided in the present application may include a mark region 11 and a non-mark region, and optionally, both the mark region 11 and the non-mark region may be located in an active region 10 of the solar cell. The tracing code 50 can be formed in the identification region 11, and the tracing code 50 is used for tracing the solar cell, that is, the tracing code 50 on each cell is different, and the tracing code 50 on the cell can uniquely mark the cell.
The concave bodies 30 can be distributed in the non-identification area on the solar cell. In this way, the tracing code 50 and the concave body 30 are respectively distributed in different areas, which facilitates reading and identifying the tracing code 50.
In practical applications, the identification region 11 may be disposed in a fixed region of the solar cell, and when the tracing code 50 needs to be identified, the reading code may only identify the identification region 11.
Since the traceability code 50 needs to be identified and readability needs to be ensured, the concave body 30 does not need to be identified, and only the texturing area needs to be increased and identification is not needed, the traceability code 50 and the concave body 30 can have different features such as size and depth.
In addition, the tracing code 50 does not need to consider the texturing effect, that is, the inner surface of the tracing code 50 may not be formed with the pyramid structure 40 after the texturing. Alternatively, if the pyramid structure 40 affects the identification of the traceable code 50, the inner surface of the traceable code 50 may not be formed with the pyramid structure 40.
In order to reduce the influence of the identification area 11 on the light absorption rate, or reduce the influence on the surface of the battery piece, the identification area 11 provided by the present application may be 4mm × 4mm, that is, the traceability code 50 is formed in the square area defined by 4mm × 4 mm. Obviously, the size of the identification area 11 can be defined according to actual production requirements.
Optionally, the concave bodies 30 are all located in the non-mark area of the solar cell.
In a possible implementation manner, a solar cell piece that can be connected in a string by a snap-fit manner is provided, and accordingly, the solar cell piece can be designed in at least two manners as follows:
in the first mode, a strip-shaped groove perpendicular to the grid line 20 may be further formed on the solar cell. When one strip-shaped groove is formed in the cell, the strip-shaped groove is communicated with the first end of each grid line 20, namely, one strip-shaped groove is formed in one end of the cell; when the number of the strip-shaped grooves on the battery piece is two, the two strip-shaped grooves are respectively communicated with two ends of each grid line 20, that is, two ends of the battery piece are respectively provided with one groove.
In the second mode, pits or bulges are arranged at two ends of each grid line 20 on the front surface of the solar cell; or, the back of the solar cell is provided with a protrusion or a pit at the position opposite to the two ends of each grid line 20; or, the front surface of the solar cell is provided with one of the concave pits and the convex bumps at the first end of each grid line 20, and the back surface of the solar cell is provided with the other one of the concave pits and the convex bumps at the position opposite to the second end of each grid line 20.
The number of the concave bodies 30 on the solar cell provided by the application is at least two, and the arrangement mode of the at least two concave bodies 30 comprises at least one of the following modes: the solar cells are distributed at preset intervals, side by side, in a cross way or randomly on the surface of the solar cell. When at least two concave bodies 30 are distributed on the active region 10 of the surface of the solar cell sheet at predetermined intervals, as shown in fig. 4A; when at least two concave bodies 30 are arranged side by side on the active region 10 on the surface of the solar cell sheet, as shown in fig. 4B; when at least two concave bodies 30 are randomly distributed on the active region 10 on the surface of the solar cell sheet, as shown in fig. 1.
In theory, the side-by-side or cross-wise distribution of the dimples 30 can provide a greater programmable increase in the texturing area on the cell sheet. While the concave bodies 30 distributed at a predetermined distance have a low process requirement for laser processing when implemented by laser processing.
Some solar cells receive light on the front side, and some solar cells receive light on both the front side and the back side, so that the concave bodies 30 may be distributed on at least one of the front side and the back side of the solar cells in the present application.
Alternatively, the diameter of the upper end of the concave body may range from 2 μm to 200 μm, and the depth of the concave body may range from 4 μm to 25 μm. In combination with the thinness of the cell, the upper limit of the range of the diameter of the upper end of the concave body can be theoretically extended to 2000 μm as long as the cell is not cracked by the concave body.
Through theoretical and experimental verification, when the diameter of the upper end of the concave body 30 ranges from 90 μm to 130 μm, and the depth of the concave body 30 ranges from 4 μm to 11 μm, the pyramid structure 40 in the concave body 30 on the cell can better increase the light trapping rate.
Optionally, the diameter of the upper end of the concave body 30 may be 95 μm, 100 μm, 105 μm, 110 μm, 120 μm, or the like, and the diameter of the upper end of the concave body 30 needs to ensure that the pyramid structure 40 can be formed in the concave body 30 on the premise that laser can be implemented.
Optionally, the depth of the concave body 30 may be 4.5 μm, 5 μm, 5.5 μm, 6 μm, 7 μm, 8 μm, 8.5 μm, 9 μm, 10 μm, or the like, and the depth of the concave body 30 needs to ensure that the pyramid structure 40 with a larger light trapping rate can be formed in the concave body 30 on the premise that laser can be implemented.
The solar cell slice is a single crystal solar cell slice or a polycrystalline solar cell slice, and the solar cell slice is a standard cell slice or a cell slice formed after the standard cell slice is split. The battery slicing can be divided into two slices, three slices, four slices, five slices and the like, and the specification of the battery slicing is not limited too much in the application.
To sum up, the solar wafer that this application provided forms sunken body on the active area on solar wafer's surface to increase the system matte area, the more pyramid structure that produces of system matte in these sunken bodies has increased the light trapping rate of battery piece, and then has improved the light absorption rate of battery piece unit area.
Fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a method for producing a solar cell provided in an embodiment of the present application, and the method for producing a solar cell provided in the present application may include the following steps:
the silicon chip surface can comprise a region to be printed and a non-printing region, at least part of the concave body is distributed in the non-printing region, and the region to be printed is used for printing a grid line.
Optionally, a recess forming process may be performed in the non-printing region of at least one surface of the silicon wafer, so that a recess is formed on the surface of the silicon wafer.
When step 501 is implemented, at least the following ways can be implemented;
the first mode is as follows: and carrying out laser scribing in different directions on at least one surface of the silicon wafer, and forming a concave body at the crossed position of the scribing lines in different directions.
Alternatively, laser scribing in different directions may be performed in non-printed areas of at least one surface of the silicon wafer.
Since the laser scribe line is scribed twice at the intersection, a concave body can be formed at the intersection.
The second mode is as follows: and carrying out laser coding on at least one surface of the silicon wafer to form a concave body. In practical application, the distance and distribution between the concave bodies can be adjusted by setting parameters such as the duty ratio of the laser emitter, the moving speed of the battery piece and the like.
Alternatively, laser coding may be performed in a non-printed region of at least one surface of the silicon wafer to form the recessed body.
The third mode is as follows: and placing the silicon chip in a reaction tank in which a corrosion material is stored, and forming at least one concave body on the non-printing area of the silicon chip through corrosion.
Optionally, the non-printing region of the silicon wafer may be covered, and then the silicon wafer is placed in a reaction tank in which a corrosion material is stored, and at least one concave body is formed on the non-printing region of the silicon wafer by corrosion.
In practical implementation, the special material selected when the special material is used for covering the area to be printed of the silicon wafer can not be corroded by the corrosive material. After the concave body is formed by etching, the special material can be removed by cleaning and the like.
The fourth mode is that: and adding a material on at least one surface of the silicon wafer to form a concave body. The material added on the surface of the silicon wafer does not influence the photoelectric conversion rate generally, and a pyramid structure can be formed on the surface of the material during texturing.
Alternatively, material may be added to the non-printed areas of at least one surface of the silicon wafer to form the recessed bodies.
The fifth mode is as follows: and photoetching at least one surface of the silicon wafer to form a concave body.
Alternatively, the recess may be formed by photolithography in a non-printed region of at least one surface of the silicon wafer.
502, performing texturing treatment on a silicon wafer to form a pyramid structure on the surface of the silicon wafer, wherein the pyramid structure is formed in a concave body after texturing;
Referring to fig. 6, if a tracing code needs to be formed on a cell, the method for producing a solar cell provided by the present application may further include the following steps:
and step 504, performing laser coding on the non-printing area of the silicon wafer according to a preset program to form a tracing code, wherein the tracing code is used for tracing the silicon wafer.
And carrying out laser coding on a marking area of a non-printing area of the silicon wafer according to a preset program to form a tracing code, wherein the marking area is an area outside a to-be-silk-screened area on the surface of the silicon wafer, and a concave body is not formed in the marking area.
In practical application, the source tracing code is used for identifying a silicon wafer, so that the silicon wafer needs to be accurately identified, and the concave body is used for increasing the texturing area without considering the problem of whether the silicon wafer can be successfully and accurately identified, so that the source tracing code can be different from the specification of the concave body.
If the difficulty of laser coding is reduced, and the formation of the concave body and the tracing code is realized by using laser, the laser coding operation of the tracing code can be carried out at the preset position of the silicon chip, so that the tracing code can be directly read from the preset position when being read in the later period, and the concave bodies at other positions do not need to be read and identified.
It should be noted that step 504 may be executed before step 502, or after step 502, and when step 504 is executed before step 502, a pyramid structure may be generated in the tracing code due to the texturing step of step 502; when step 504 is executed after step 502, no pyramid structure is formed in the traceable code, so that no recognition interference is caused to the reading of the traceable code. Fig. 6 is merely illustrative of the limitation of step 504 to the implementation after step 502.
Obviously, step 504 may be performed before step 503, or may be performed after step 503.
In actual production, since the manufacturer usually requires that the source tracing code can trace all production stages of the silicon chip and the battery chip at the later stage, step 504 can also be performed before step 501.
In addition, in order to obtain a cell piece which can be formed into a cell string in series through buckling, the production method of the solar cell piece provided by the application can further comprise the step 503 of arranging a strip-shaped groove perpendicular to the grid lines at the first end of each grid line after the step, wherein the strip-shaped groove is communicated with the first end of each grid line; or two strip-shaped grooves perpendicular to the grid lines are formed in two ends of each grid line respectively, and the two strip-shaped grooves are communicated with two ends of each grid line respectively.
In another implementation, after the step 503, forming pits or protrusions at both ends of each grid line on the front surface of the solar cell; or, forming bulges or forming pits at the positions of the back surface of the solar cell slice, which are opposite to the two ends of each grid line; or, one operation of forming the concave pits and forming the convex bumps on the first ends of the grid lines on the front surface of the solar cell piece, and the other operation of forming the concave pits and forming the convex bumps on the positions, opposite to the second ends of the grid lines, on the back surface of the solar cell piece.
To sum up, according to the production method of the solar cell, the concave bodies are formed in the active regions on the surface of the solar cell, so that the texturing area is increased, the more pyramid structures generated by texturing in the concave bodies increase the light trapping rate of the cell, and further the light absorption rate of the cell per unit area is improved.
Other embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention following, in general, the principles of the invention and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the invention pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the invention being indicated by the following claims.
It will be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise arrangements described above and shown in the drawings and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the invention is limited only by the appended claims.
Claims (15)
1. The utility model provides a solar cell piece, its characterized in that, solar cell piece's surface includes grid line region and active area, the printing has the grid line on the grid line region, solar cell piece's the surperficial at least one sunken body that is formed with decurrent, at least part sunken body distribute in the active area of battery piece, sunken body is used for the increase the texturing area of solar cell piece when the silicon chip, the surface of sunken body is formed with the pyramid structure that produces through the texturing.
2. The solar cell piece according to claim 1, wherein the surface of the solar cell piece comprises an identification area and a non-identification area, a tracing code is formed in the identification area and used for tracing the solar cell piece, and the concave bodies are distributed in the non-identification area.
3. The solar cell sheet according to claim 2, wherein the concave bodies are located in the non-mark region of the solar cell sheet.
4. The solar cell piece of claim 1, further comprising a strip-shaped groove perpendicular to the grid line, wherein:
the strip-shaped groove is one and is communicated with the first end of each grid line; or,
the two strip-shaped grooves are respectively communicated with two ends of each grid line.
5. The solar cell slice as claimed in claim 1, wherein pits or protrusions are arranged at two ends of each grid line on the front surface of the solar cell slice; or the back surface of the solar cell piece is provided with bulges or pits at the positions opposite to the two ends of each grid line;
or the front surface of the solar cell piece is provided with one of a pit and a protrusion at the first end of each grid line, and the back surface of the solar cell piece is provided with the other of the pit and the protrusion at the position opposite to the second end of each grid line.
6. The solar cell sheet according to claim 1, wherein the number of the concave bodies is at least two, and the arrangement of the at least two concave bodies comprises at least one of the following: the solar cells are distributed at preset intervals, side by side, in a cross way or randomly on the surface of the solar cell.
7. The solar cell sheet of claim 1, wherein the recessed bodies are distributed on at least one of the front side and the back side of the solar cell sheet.
8. The solar cell sheet according to claim 1, wherein the upper end of the concave body has a diameter in the range of 2 μm to 200 μm, and the concave body has a depth in the range of 4 μm to 25 μm.
9. The solar cell sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the solar cell sheet is a single crystal solar cell sheet or a polycrystalline solar cell sheet, and the solar cell sheet is a standard cell sheet or a cell sheet formed after splitting the standard cell sheet.
10. A production method of a solar cell is characterized by comprising the following steps:
performing a recess forming treatment on at least one surface of a silicon wafer to form a recess on the surface of the silicon wafer, wherein the surface of the silicon wafer comprises a region to be printed and a non-printing region, and at least part of the recess is distributed in the non-printing region;
texturing the silicon wafer to form a pyramid structure on the surface of the silicon wafer, wherein the pyramid structure is formed in the depression after texturing;
and printing silver paste on the region to be printed of the silicon wafer to obtain the solar cell with the grid line printed on the surface.
11. The method for producing a solar cell according to claim 10, wherein performing a pit body formation treatment on at least one surface of a silicon wafer so that a pit body is formed on the surface of the silicon wafer, comprises:
carrying out laser scribing in different directions on at least one surface of the silicon wafer, and forming the concave body at the crossed position of the scribing lines in different directions; or,
carrying out laser coding on at least one surface of the silicon wafer to form the sunken body; or,
placing the silicon wafer in a reaction tank with a corrosion material stored therein, and forming the at least one concave body on the non-printing area of the silicon wafer through corrosion; or,
adding a material on at least one surface of the silicon wafer to form the concave body; or,
and photoetching at least one surface of the silicon wafer to form the concave body.
12. The method for producing a solar cell sheet according to claim 10, further comprising:
and performing laser coding on the non-printing area of the silicon wafer according to a preset program to form a tracing code, wherein the tracing code is used for tracing the silicon wafer.
13. The method for producing the solar cell piece according to claim 12, wherein the laser coding is performed on the non-printing area of the silicon wafer according to a predetermined procedure to form a traceability code, and the method comprises the following steps:
and carrying out laser coding on a marking area of a non-printing area of the silicon wafer according to a preset program to form the tracing code, wherein the marking area is an area outside an area to be silk-screened on the surface of the silicon wafer, and the concave body is not formed in the marking area.
14. The method for producing the solar cell piece according to claim 10, wherein after the area to be printed of the silicon wafer is printed with silver paste to obtain the solar cell piece with the grid lines printed on the surface, the method for producing the solar cell piece further comprises:
a strip-shaped groove perpendicular to the grid lines is formed in the first end of each grid line and communicated with the first end of each grid line; or,
and two strip-shaped grooves perpendicular to the grid lines are respectively formed at two ends of each grid line, and the two strip-shaped grooves are respectively communicated with two ends of each grid line.
15. The method for producing the solar cell piece according to claim 10, wherein after the area to be printed of the silicon wafer is printed with silver paste to obtain the solar cell piece with the grid lines printed on the surface, the method for producing the solar cell piece further comprises:
pits are formed at two ends of each grid line on the front surface of the solar cell or protrusions are formed at two ends of each grid line; or,
forming bulges or forming pits at the positions of the back surface of the solar cell piece opposite to the two ends of each grid line; or,
and arranging one of pits and bulges at the first ends of the grid lines on the front surface of the solar cell piece, and arranging the other one of pits and bulges at the positions, opposite to the second ends of the grid lines, on the back surface of the solar cell piece.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111200028A (en) * | 2020-03-04 | 2020-05-26 | 浙江晶科能源有限公司 | Photovoltaic module, solar cell and photovoltaic system |
| CN210723046U (en) * | 2019-11-05 | 2020-06-09 | 苏州阿特斯阳光电力科技有限公司 | Photovoltaic module and battery piece |
| CN113314626A (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2021-08-27 | 江苏润阳世纪光伏科技有限公司 | Manufacturing method of solar cell |
| CN216871987U (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-07-01 | 无锡奥特维科技股份有限公司 | Solar cell |
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| CN210723046U (en) * | 2019-11-05 | 2020-06-09 | 苏州阿特斯阳光电力科技有限公司 | Photovoltaic module and battery piece |
| CN111200028A (en) * | 2020-03-04 | 2020-05-26 | 浙江晶科能源有限公司 | Photovoltaic module, solar cell and photovoltaic system |
| CN113314626A (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2021-08-27 | 江苏润阳世纪光伏科技有限公司 | Manufacturing method of solar cell |
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