CN114415127A - Calibration method and device for polarization active scaler channel balance - Google Patents

Calibration method and device for polarization active scaler channel balance Download PDF

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CN114415127A
CN114415127A CN202111413470.7A CN202111413470A CN114415127A CN 114415127 A CN114415127 A CN 114415127A CN 202111413470 A CN202111413470 A CN 202111413470A CN 114415127 A CN114415127 A CN 114415127A
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polarization
channel
amplitude
scaler
signal
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梁维斌
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Aerospace Information Research Institute of CAS
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/40—Means for monitoring or calibrating
    • G01S7/4052—Means for monitoring or calibrating by simulation of echoes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/024—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00 using polarisation effects
    • G01S7/025—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00 using polarisation effects involving the transmission of linearly polarised waves

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Abstract

The invention provides a calibration method and a calibration device for polarization active scaler channel balance. The method comprises the following steps: performing matched filtering processing on the linear frequency modulation pulse signal recorded in each polarization channel experiment in the polarization active scaler to obtain a pulse compression signal; carrying out interpolation processing on the pulse compression signal, and extracting the amplitude and the phase at the peak value of the pulse compression signal to obtain an amplitude-phase characteristic value; comparing the amplitude-phase characteristic values corresponding to two adjacent pulse compression signals to obtain the pulse signal attenuation rate corresponding to each polarization channel; comparing the relation of the pulse signal attenuation rate between each polarization channel and the reference polarization channel by taking the pulse signal attenuation rate of a preset reference polarization channel as a reference to obtain an amplitude-phase balance value between the polarization channels in the polarization active scaler; and calibrating a polarization channel in the polarization active calibrator based on the amplitude-phase balance value. The method can improve the calibration accuracy of the channel balance of the polarization active scaler and reduce the cost.

Description

Calibration method and device for polarization active scaler channel balance
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of amplitude-phase balance calibration, in particular to a calibration method and device for polarization active scaler channel balance. In addition, a calibration device for a polarization active scaler, an electronic device and a non-transitory computer readable storage medium are also related.
Background
An Active Radar Calibrator (ARC) is an important device for calibrating a Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR), can realize a very high Radar cross-sectional area, is very necessary in SAR radiometric calibration and polarization calibration with low resolution, and is difficult to replace by other devices. When a polarization Active scaler (PARC) is used for polarization synthetic aperture Radar scaling, the polarization Active scaler is required to provide the signal forwarding function of the hh, hv, vh and vv polarization channels, and the amplitudes and phases of the four polarization channels are required to have high consistency. Therefore, the research on the amplitude-phase balance calibration between the four channels of the polarization active scaler for the polarization synthetic aperture radar calibration is carried out, and a reliable technical scheme is provided for the amplitude-phase balance calibration between the four channels of the polarization active scaler, so that the method becomes a hotspot of the current research.
In the prior art, various technologies exist for calibrating the radar cross section of the polarized active scaler, and the problem is already a mature technology. The radar cross section calibration of the pure co-polarized channel can adopt the calibration method of the existing polarized active calibrator. However, for calibrating the amplitude-phase balance among multiple polarization channels, a method that is currently generally adopted is to directly perform measurement by using an instrument, for example, a signal generator, a spectrometer, or other signal generating and measuring instruments are adopted, the amplitude and phase characteristics of each polarization channel are separately measured, and then the multiple polarization channels are compared with each other, so as to obtain the amplitude-phase balance characteristics of the multiple polarization channels of the polarization active calibrator. The specific measurement principle is as follows: a signal source or a vector network analyzer is connected to the rear end of a receiving antenna or an electric signal inlet of a certain channel to be detected, a signal with certain characteristic and power is injected, a frequency spectrograph or a vector network analyzer is connected to the front end of a transmitting antenna or an electric signal outlet, and an output signal is recorded and measured to obtain the amplitude and the phase of the output signal of the channel. Keeping the signal injected by the signal source unchanged, recording and measuring the amplitude and phase of the output signals of other channels to be measured, and comparing the difference of the amplitude and phase signals output by a plurality of polarization channels to obtain the amplitude and phase balance among the plurality of polarization channels of the polarization active scaler. The vector network analyzer can be used, signals can be simultaneously injected into the plurality of input channels, the vector network analyzer is connected to an output port, output signals are simultaneously recorded and measured, and the amplitude-phase balance degree among the plurality of polarization channels of the polarization active scaler is obtained after comparison and analysis.
However, this approach has various problems and drawbacks. Firstly, the method can not measure the full link, an antenna part is not contained in the measuring link, and the obtained amplitude-phase balance degree between the polarization channels does not comprise the link of the antenna part. If a plurality of polarized channel antennas have large difference, the measured amplitude-phase balance degree has large error. Secondly, the influence of the precision and the stability of the instrument is great, the effect is not good, no matter whether the multiple polarization channels are measured sequentially or simultaneously, certain difference exists among signals input into the multiple channels, the precision of the recording and measuring instrument also has the problem of stability, errors are introduced into the signals, and the problem of precision reduction is caused by the introduction of new errors in the measurement or calibration of the amplitude-phase balance degree between the channels of the polarization active scaler. The polarized active scaler with high polarization isolation degree and a plurality of independent polarization channels is difficult to realize, and therefore, the polarized active scaler is usually realized by rotating a polarized antenna by 45 degrees, but the polarization scattering characteristics of the polarized active scaler are determined, a polarization scattering matrix cannot be flexibly set, and the polarized active scaler is poor in polarization isolation degree and limited in application. In addition, the calibration method cannot provide the radar cross-sectional area values of a plurality of polarization channels of the polarization active calibrator, and the radar cross-sectional area values need to be calibrated by other means. Therefore, if a plurality of polarization channels are independent from each other, a scattering characteristic matrix can be flexibly arranged as required, and a polarization active scaler with high inter-channel isolation degree is developed, a set of effective polarization channel amplitude-phase balance degree calibration scheme and related equipment need to be designed, so that powerful support is provided for calibration between polarization channels of the polarization active scaler.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention provides a calibration method and a calibration device for the channel balance of a polarization active scaler, which are used for solving the problems of higher limitation and poorer precision and stability of a calibration scheme for the channel balance of the polarization active scaler in the prior art.
The invention provides a calibration method for polarization active scaler channel balance, which comprises the following steps:
performing matched filtering processing on the linear frequency modulation pulse signal corresponding to each polarization channel in the polarization active scaler to obtain a pulse compression signal; performing interpolation processing on the pulse compression signal, and extracting the amplitude and the phase at the peak value of the pulse compression signal to obtain an amplitude-phase characteristic value; comparing the amplitude-phase characteristic values corresponding to two adjacent pulse compression signals to obtain the pulse signal attenuation rate corresponding to each polarization channel; obtaining an amplitude-phase balance value between polarization channels in the polarization active scaler by comparing the relation of the pulse signal attenuation rate between each polarization channel and the reference polarization channel by taking the preset pulse signal attenuation rate of the reference polarization channel as a reference; and calibrating a polarization channel in the polarization active scaler based on the amplitude-phase balance value.
Further, the polarization channels comprise hh polarization channels, hv polarization channels, vh polarization channels and vv polarization channels;
the reference polarization channel is one of the hh polarization channel, the hv polarization channel, the vh polarization channel, and the vv polarization channel.
Further, calibrating a polarization channel in the polarization active scaler based on the amplitude-phase balance value specifically includes:
calibrating the hh polarization channel in the polarization active scaler based on the amplitude-phase balance value of the hh polarization channel relative to the reference polarization channel;
calibrating the hv polarization channel in the polarization active scaler based on the amplitude-phase balance value of the hv polarization channel relative to the reference polarization channel;
calibrating a vh polarization channel in the polarization active scaler based on the amplitude-phase balance value of the vh polarization channel relative to the reference polarization channel;
and calibrating the vv polarization channel in the polarization active scaler based on the amplitude-phase balance value of the vv polarization channel relative to the reference polarization channel.
Further, if the polarization scattering matrix of the polarization active scaler is
Figure BDA0003375154270000041
The polarization scattering matrix of the standard reflector corresponding to the polarization active scaler is
Figure BDA0003375154270000042
The distance between the polarized active scaler and the standard reflector is R; the active scaler comprises a p receiving q transmitting channel which is marked as a pq channel; let the 1 st recorded chirp signal be
Figure BDA0003375154270000043
The 2 nd recorded chirp signal is
Figure BDA0003375154270000044
By analogy, the ith recorded linear frequency modulation signal is obtained
Figure BDA0003375154270000045
Then the expression corresponding to the pulse signal attenuation rate is:
Figure BDA0003375154270000046
wherein λ is a signal wavelength, the signal being a chirp signal; i is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and represents the serial number of the record; r is the distance between the polarized active scaler and the standard reflector; p and q are both variables, representing h or v, respectively;
Figure BDA0003375154270000047
recording the ith linear frequency modulation pulse signal of the pq channel;
Figure BDA0003375154270000048
recording a linear frequency modulation pulse signal for the (i + 1) th time of the pq channel; the pq channel is a hh channel, a hv channel, a vh channel and a v channelAny one of the v channels; spqS in a polarization scattering matrix representing said polarization active scalerhh、Shv、Svh、SvvAny one of the above;
Figure BDA0003375154270000049
is a known quantity as a reference, representing the polarization scattering matrix of the standard reflector
Figure BDA00033751542700000410
Any one of them.
Further, the linear frequency modulation pulse signal corresponding to each polarization channel in the polarized active scaler is subjected to matched filtering processing to obtain a pulse compression signal; performing interpolation processing on the pulse compression signal, and extracting the amplitude and the phase at the peak value of the pulse compression signal to obtain an amplitude-phase characteristic value, which specifically comprises the following steps:
chirp signal to polarization channel in said polarization active scaler recorded twice next to each other
Figure BDA0003375154270000051
And
Figure BDA0003375154270000052
performing matched filtering processing to obtain a pulse compression signal; performing interpolation processing on the pulse compression signal, extracting amplitude-phase data of the peak value of the pulse compression signal, and obtaining an amplitude-phase characteristic value
Figure BDA0003375154270000053
And
Figure BDA0003375154270000054
the method for comparing the amplitude-phase characteristic values corresponding to two adjacent pulse compression signals to obtain the pulse signal attenuation rate corresponding to each polarization channel specifically comprises the following steps:
comparing the amplitude-phase characteristic values corresponding to two adjacent pulse compression signals to obtain the pulse compression signal attenuation rate corresponding to each polarization channel, wherein the corresponding formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0003375154270000055
wherein p and q are variables which can represent h or v, respectively; y ispqRepresents Yhh、Yhv、Yvh、YvvAny one of the above; i is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and represents the serial number of the record; delta YpqFor the pulse compression signal attenuation rates of two adjacent pulse compression signals to be calculated, since p and q are variables respectively representing h or v, Δ YpqRepresents DeltaYhh、ΔYhv、ΔYvh、ΔYvvAny one of the above; wherein, Delta YhhAttenuation ratio of pulse compression signal, Δ Y, for hh channelhvDecay Rate, Δ Y, of pulse compression Signal for hv channelvhPulse compression signal attenuation Rate, Δ Y, for vh channelvvThe pulse compression signal attenuation rate for the vv channel; the pulse compression signal attenuation rate corresponds to the pulse signal attenuation rate.
The invention also provides a calibration device for the channel balance of the polarization active scaler, which comprises:
the pulse signal attenuation rate obtaining unit is used for performing matched filtering processing on the linear frequency modulation pulse signal corresponding to each polarization channel in the polarization active scaler to obtain a pulse compression signal; performing interpolation processing on the pulse compression signal, and extracting the amplitude and the phase at the peak value of the pulse compression signal to obtain an amplitude-phase characteristic value;
the pulse signal attenuation rate obtaining unit is used for comparing amplitude-phase characteristic values corresponding to two adjacent pulse compression signals to obtain a pulse signal attenuation rate corresponding to each polarization channel;
the amplitude-phase balance value obtaining unit is used for obtaining an amplitude-phase balance value between the polarized channels in the polarized active scaler by comparing the relation of the pulse signal attenuation rate between each polarized channel and the reference polarized channel with the pulse signal attenuation rate of a preset reference polarized channel as a reference;
and the polarization channel calibration unit is used for calibrating the polarization channel in the polarization active scaler based on the amplitude-phase balance value.
The invention also provides calibration equipment for the polarization active scaler, which is characterized by comprising the following components: a pointing adjustment device and a corner reflector; the direction adjusting device is used for controlling the direction of the corner reflector; the corner reflector is used for reflecting the linear frequency modulation pulse signal transmitted by the transmitting antenna of the polarization active scaler back; and four elements of the polarization scattering characteristic matrix corresponding to the corner reflector are not zero.
Further, the corner reflector is a dihedral corner reflector adopting a preset polarization rotation angle.
Correspondingly, the invention also provides an electronic device, comprising: a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing the steps of the calibration method of polarization active scaler channel balance as described in any one of the above when executing the program.
Accordingly, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the calibration method of polarization active scaler channel balance as set forth in any one of the preceding claims.
The calibration method for the channel balance of the polarization active scaler can realize the accurate calibration of the amplitude-phase balance degree among all polarization channels of the polarization active scaler, does not need a complex and high-precision signal measuring instrument, reduces the cost and simultaneously improves the stability of the amplitude-phase balance degree calibration.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a calibration method for calibrating channel balance of a polarization active scaler according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a calibration method for calibrating channel balance of a polarization active scaler according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of decreasing geometric progression of pulse signals obtained in a polarization channel calibration process in a polarization active scaler according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a calibration apparatus for calibrating channel balance of a polarization active scaler according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic physical structure diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a calibration system comprising a polarization Active Radar Calibrator and calibration equipment, wherein the calibration equipment can be used for calibrating the Radar sectional area value of each channel of the polarization Active Calibrator and accurately calibrating the amplitude-phase balance degree among four polarization channels. As shown in fig. 2, the calibration system is composed of a support bracket 203, a high-precision pointing adjustment device 201, a high-precision standard reflector 202 (such as a dihedral corner reflector), and the like. The calibration equipment is composed of a support bracket 203, a high-precision pointing adjusting device 201, a high-precision standard reflector 202 and the like.
The calibration method for the polarization active scaler channel balance adopted by the invention is realized based on a calibration system as shown in figure 2. Specifically, firstly, a distance (R) between a standard reflector and a polarization active scaler is required to meet a far-field condition, and a transmitting antenna 206 and a receiving antenna 205 of the polarization active scaler are both aligned with the standard reflector, so that a transmitting signal reaches the receiving antenna after being reflected by the standard reflector, and is sampled and recorded by a detection recording system in the polarization active scaler; then, the received signal is delayed and amplified by a forwarding path of a polarization channel to be calibrated (such as an hh polarization channel, an hv polarization channel, a vh polarization channel or a vv polarization channel) in the polarization active scaler, then is transmitted by a transmitting antenna, is reflected by a standard reflector, is received, recorded and forwarded by the polarization active scaler, and is continuously circulated to obtain a corresponding echo pulse signal sequence. In the implementation, as shown in fig. 3, the echo pulse signal sequence acquired by the receiving antenna of the polar active scaler is a set of chirped signals attenuated by an equal ratio sequence.
The following describes an embodiment of the calibration method for channel balance of the polarization active scaler in detail based on the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, which is a schematic flow chart of a calibration method for calibrating channel balance of a polarization active scaler according to an embodiment of the present invention, a specific implementation process includes the following steps:
step 101: performing matched filtering processing on the linear frequency modulation pulse signal corresponding to each polarization channel in the polarization active scaler to obtain a pulse compression signal; and performing interpolation processing on the pulse compression signal, and extracting the amplitude and the phase at the peak value of the pulse compression signal to obtain an amplitude-phase characteristic value.
In the embodiment of the invention, because the recorded chirp signals are inconvenient to directly measure, the chirp signals corresponding to each polarization channel in the polarized active scaler need to be subjected to matched filtering processing to obtain pulse compression signals; and performing interpolation processing on the pulse compression signal, and extracting the amplitude and the phase at the peak value of the pulse compression signal to obtain an amplitude-phase characteristic value corresponding to the linear frequency modulation pulse signal. The polarization channels of the polarization active scaler comprise four hh polarization channels, hv polarization channels, vh polarization channels and vv polarization channels.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, before sampling and recording the echo pulse signal of each polarization channel, it is necessary to determine, in advance, a relative position distance parameter between the polarization active scaler and the calibration apparatus according to the polarization scattering feature matrix of the corner reflector and the polarization scattering feature matrix of the polarization active scaler, so as to deploy a spatial relative position distance between the polarization active scaler and the calibration apparatus in the target region. Wherein, the relative position distance corresponding to the relative position distance parameter needs to make the echo pulse signal recorded by each sampling attenuate in the polarization active scaler in an equal ratio series. By selecting a proper target area as a test field, taking measures to eliminate or reduce the influence of interference signals, noise, clutter and the like, and setting a reasonable relative position distance parameter, the echo pulse signals acquired by sampling at each time can be attenuated continuously in the polarization active scaler, so that self-excitation is avoided.
Step 102: and comparing the amplitude-phase characteristic values corresponding to two adjacent pulse compression signals to obtain the pulse signal attenuation rate corresponding to each polarization channel.
Step 103: and obtaining the amplitude-phase balance value between the polarized channels in the polarized active scaler by comparing the relation of the pulse signal attenuation rate between each polarized channel and the reference polarized channel by taking the preset pulse signal attenuation rate of the reference polarized channel as a reference.
In the implementation process, the radar cross-sectional area of the reference polarization channel can be calibrated, and then the amplitude-phase balance among the four polarization channels of the polarization active scaler is calibrated to realize the calibration of the radar cross-sectional area values of the four polarization channels. The calibration of the radar cross-sectional area value of the single polarization channel is not described in detail in the invention.
The invention mainly relates to amplitude-phase balance calibration among four polarization channels of a polarization active scaler, and the specific calibration principle comprises the following steps:
during calibration, a transmitting antenna of a polarization channel to be calibrated (such as an hh polarization channel) of the polarization active scaler transmits a chirp signal generated by an external signal generator to the calibration equipment, a receiving antenna receives an echo pulse signal reflected by a corner reflector (such as a dihedral corner reflector) of the calibration equipment, the reflected signal is subjected to delay amplification by a forwarding path of the polarization channel to be calibrated of the polarization active scaler and then transmitted by the transmitting antenna, and an internal detection recording system samples and records the echo pulse signal passing through the polarization channel inside the polarization active scaler.
When the polarization channels to be calibrated of the polarization active scaler are calibrated, the amplitude-phase balance value between the polarization channels in the polarization active scaler is obtained by comparing the relation between the amplitude-phase characteristic value of each polarization channel and the amplitude-phase characteristic value of the reference polarization channel by taking the preset amplitude-phase characteristic value of the reference polarization channel as a reference, so that the polarization channels of the polarization active scaler are calibrated one by one. Furthermore, amplitude-phase characteristic values corresponding to two adjacent pulse compression signals can be compared to obtain a pulse signal attenuation rate corresponding to each polarization channel, namely, the attenuation rates of the amplitude and the phase of the chirp pulse signals recorded by the polarization channels twice adjacent to each other. The amplitude-phase balance value between the polarization channels in the polarization active scaler is obtained by comparing the relation between the amplitude-phase characteristic value of each polarization channel and the amplitude-phase characteristic value of the reference polarization channel, and may specifically be: and obtaining the amplitude-phase balance value between the polarized channels in the polarized active scaler by comparing the relation of the pulse signal attenuation rate between each polarized channel and the reference polarized channel by taking the preset pulse signal attenuation rate of the reference polarized channel as a reference. For example, with a pulse signal attenuation rate corresponding to a preset hh polarization channel as a reference, by comparing relationships between four polarization channels (hh polarization channel, hv polarization channel, vh polarization channel, and vv polarization channel) in the polarization active scaler and the pulse signal attenuation rates between the hh polarization channels, amplitude-phase balance values between the polarization channels in the polarization active scaler are respectively obtained, and the four polarization channels in the polarization active scaler are respectively calibrated based on the amplitude-phase balance values.
For example, in a specific implementation process, the principle of obtaining the amplitude-phase balance value among four polarization channels of the polarization active scaler is as follows:
first, assume a polarization scattering matrix at the time of calibration by a polarization active scaler is
Figure BDA0003375154270000101
The polarization scattering matrix of the standard reflector is
Figure BDA0003375154270000102
The distance between the polarized active scaler and the standard reflector is R.
Wherein, S in the matrixpqRepresents the characteristic of receiving q-polarized scattered p-polarization, wherein p and q are variables, and can be h or v. Such as: p represents scattering h (horizontal polarization) or v (vertical polarization); q represents reception h (horizontal polarization) or v (vertical polarization).
Ignoring noise, clutter, and interfering signals. Taking the p receive q transmit channel (denoted as pq channel) of the active scaler shown in fig. 2 as an example, assume that the chirp signal recorded at the 1 st time is
Figure BDA0003375154270000103
The 2 nd recorded chirp signal is
Figure BDA0003375154270000104
By analogy, the ith recording chirp signal is
Figure BDA0003375154270000111
And the like. Determining a chirp signal attenuation rate model, wherein the chirp signal attenuation rate model is used for calculating a pulse signal attenuation rate, and the corresponding expression is as follows:
Figure BDA0003375154270000112
wherein λ is a signal wavelength, the signal being a chirp signal; i is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and represents the serial number of the record; r is the distance between the polarized active scaler and the standard reflector; p and q are both variables, representing h or v, respectively;
Figure BDA0003375154270000113
recording the ith linear frequency modulation pulse signal of the pq channel;
Figure BDA0003375154270000114
recording a linear frequency modulation pulse signal for the (i + 1) th time of the pq channel; the pq channel is any one of an hh channel, an hv channel, a vh channel and a vv channel; spqS in a polarization scattering matrix representing said polarization active scalerhh、Shv、Svh、SvvAny one of the above;
Figure BDA0003375154270000115
is a known quantity as a reference, representing the polarization scattering matrix of the standard reflector
Figure BDA0003375154270000116
Any one of them.
The following expression is obtained after transforming the above formula (1):
Figure BDA0003375154270000117
wherein λ is a signal wavelength, the signal being a chirp signal; i is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and represents the serial number of the record; r is the distance between the polarized active scaler and the standard reflector; p and q are both variables, representing h or v, respectively;
Figure BDA0003375154270000118
recording the ith linear frequency modulation pulse signal of the pq channel;
Figure BDA0003375154270000119
recording a linear frequency modulation pulse signal for the (i + 1) th time of the pq channel; the pq channel is any one of an hh channel, an hv channel, a vh channel and a vv channel; spqS in a polarization scattering matrix representing said polarization active scalerhh、Shv、Svh、SvvAny one of the above;
Figure BDA00033751542700001110
is a known quantity as a reference, representing the polarization scattering matrix of the standard reflector
Figure BDA00033751542700001111
Any one of them.
In a specific implementation process, in order to obtain the amplitude-phase balance degree between the polarization channels of the polarization active scaler, when an amplitude-phase characteristic value of a preset reference polarization channel (for example, an hh polarization channel) chirp signal is taken as a reference, the following formula may be used to obtain the amplitude-phase balance degrees of the four polarization channels of the polarization active scaler with respect to the hh polarization channel, respectively:
Figure BDA0003375154270000121
wherein λ is a signal wavelength, the signal being a chirp signal; i is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and represents the serial number of the record; r is the distance between the polarized active scaler and the standard reflector; p and q are both variables, representing h or v, respectively;
Figure BDA0003375154270000122
recording the ith linear frequency modulation pulse signal of the pq channel;
Figure BDA0003375154270000123
recording a linear frequency modulation pulse signal for the (i + 1) th time of the pq channel; the pq channel is any one of an hh polarization channel, an hv polarization channel, a vh polarization channel and a vv polarization channel; spqRepresenting active scaling of said polarizationPolarization scattering matrix of the devicehh、Shv、Svh、SvvAny one of the above;
Figure BDA0003375154270000124
is a known quantity as a reference, representing the polarization scattering matrix of the standard reflector
Figure BDA0003375154270000125
Any one of them.
According to the formula (3), Shh/ShhThe amplitude-phase balance value of the hh polarization channel with respect to the reference polarization channel (i.e., hh polarization channel) is 1. Accordingly, the amplitude-phase balance value of the hv polarization channel relative to the reference polarization channel (i.e. hh polarization channel) can be obtained as Shh/Shv(ii) a The amplitude-phase balance value of the vh polarization channel relative to the reference polarization channel (i.e. hh polarization channel) is Shh/Svh(ii) a The amplitude-phase balance value of the vv polarization channel relative to the reference polarization channel (i.e. the hh polarization channel) is Shh/Svv。
Further, in the implementation process, for the convenience of direct measurement, the chirp signal of the polarization channel in the polarization active scaler which is recorded twice adjacent to each other can be firstly subjected to chirp signal processing
Figure BDA0003375154270000126
And
Figure BDA0003375154270000127
performing matched filtering to obtain pulse compression signal, performing interpolation processing to extract amplitude phase of peak value of pulse compression signal to obtain amplitude phase characteristic value
Figure BDA0003375154270000128
And
Figure BDA0003375154270000129
that is to say, the
Figure BDA00033751542700001210
And
Figure BDA00033751542700001211
conversion into corresponding amplitude-phase characteristic values
Figure BDA00033751542700001212
And
Figure BDA00033751542700001213
wherein,
Figure BDA00033751542700001214
and
Figure BDA00033751542700001215
can be used to represent the amplitude-phase characteristic value at the peak of the pulse compression signal. By comparing the amplitude-phase characteristic values corresponding to two adjacent pulse compression signals, the pulse compression signal attenuation rate (i.e. equivalent to the above pulse signal attenuation rate) corresponding to each polarization channel can be obtained, and the corresponding formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0003375154270000131
in which p and q are variables which can each represent h or v, so that YpqCan represent Yhh、Yhv、Yvh、YvvAny one of the above; i is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and represents the serial number of the record; delta YpqFor the pulse compression signal attenuation rates of two adjacent pulse compression signals to be calculated, since p and q are variables and can represent h or v respectively, Δ YpqCan represent DeltaYhh、ΔYhv、ΔYvh、ΔYvvAny one of them.
And further obtaining the following amplitude-phase balance degree algorithm model for calculating the amplitude-phase balance degree value between the polarization channels in the polarization active scaler according to the formulas (3) and (4), wherein the corresponding expression of the amplitude-phase balance degree algorithm model is shown as (5):
Figure BDA0003375154270000132
in which p and q are variables which can each represent h or v, so that Δ YpqRepresents DeltaYhh、ΔYhv、ΔYvh、ΔYvvAny one of the above; i is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and represents the serial number of the record.
As can be seen from equations (3) to (5), the pulse signal attenuation rate corresponding to each polarization channel can be obtained by comparing the amplitude-phase characteristic values corresponding to two adjacent pulse compression signals. And by taking the pulse signal attenuation rate corresponding to a preset reference polarization channel as a reference and comparing the relation of the pulse signal attenuation rate between each polarization channel and the reference polarization channel, the amplitude-phase balance value between the polarization channels in the polarization active scaler can be obtained, and the calibration of the amplitude-phase balance of the polarization active scaler is realized.
Step 104: and calibrating a polarization channel in the polarization active scaler based on the amplitude-phase balance value. Wherein the polarization channels include hh polarization channel, HV polarization channel, vh polarization channel, and vv polarization channel.
Specifically, the hh polarization channel in the polarization active scaler may be calibrated based on the amplitude-phase balance value of the hh polarization channel relative to the reference polarization channel; calibrating the hv polarization channel in the polarization active scaler based on the amplitude-phase balance value of the hv polarization channel relative to the reference polarization channel; calibrating a vh polarization channel in the polarization active scaler based on the amplitude-phase balance value of the vh polarization channel relative to the reference polarization channel; and calibrating the vv polarization channel in the polarization active scaler based on the amplitude-phase balance value of the vv polarization channel relative to the reference polarization channel. The reference polarization channel may be one of the hh polarization channel, the hv polarization channel, the vh polarization channel, and the vv polarization channel, which is not specifically limited herein.
By adopting the calibration method for the channel balance of the polarization active scaler, the accurate calibration of the amplitude-phase balance degree among all polarization channels of the polarization active scaler can be realized, a complex and high-precision signal measuring instrument is not needed, the cost is reduced, and the stability of the amplitude-phase balance degree calibration is improved.
Corresponding to the calibration method for the channel balance of the polarization active scaler, the invention also provides a calibration device for the channel balance of the polarization active scaler. Since the embodiment of the device is similar to the above method embodiment, it is relatively simple to describe, and please refer to the description of the above method embodiment, and the following embodiment of the calibration device for polarization active scaler channel balance is only schematic. Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a calibration apparatus for calibrating channel balance of a polarization active scaler according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The calibration device for the channel balance of the polarization active scaler specifically comprises the following parts:
a pulse signal attenuation rate obtaining unit 401, configured to perform matched filtering processing on the chirp signal corresponding to each polarization channel in the polarization active scaler, so as to obtain a pulse compression signal; performing interpolation processing on the pulse compression signal, and extracting the amplitude and the phase at the peak value of the pulse compression signal to obtain an amplitude-phase characteristic value; and comparing the amplitude-phase characteristic values corresponding to two adjacent pulse compression signals to obtain the pulse signal attenuation rate corresponding to each polarization channel.
The pulse signal attenuation rate obtaining unit 402 is configured to compare amplitude-phase characteristic values corresponding to two adjacent pulse compression signals, so as to obtain a pulse signal attenuation rate corresponding to each polarization channel.
An amplitude-phase balance value obtaining unit 403, configured to obtain an amplitude-phase balance value between the polarization channels in the polarization active scaler by comparing a relationship between the pulse signal attenuation rates of each polarization channel and the reference polarization channel with reference to a preset pulse signal attenuation rate of the reference polarization channel.
A polarization channel calibration unit 404, configured to calibrate a polarization channel in the polarization active scaler based on the amplitude-phase balance value.
By adopting the calibration device for the channel balance of the polarization active scaler, the accurate calibration of the amplitude-phase balance degree among all polarization channels of the polarization active scaler can be realized, a complex and high-precision signal measuring instrument is not needed, the cost is reduced, and the stability of the amplitude-phase balance degree calibration is improved.
As shown in fig. 2, the present invention also provides a calibration apparatus for a polarization active scaler, comprising: a pointing adjustment device 201 and a corner reflector 202; the pointing direction adjusting device 201 is used for controlling the pointing direction of the corner reflector 202; the corner reflector 202 is used for reflecting the chirp signal emitted by the transmitting antenna of the polarization active scaler. Wherein, four elements of the polarization scattering characteristic matrix corresponding to the corner reflector 202 are not zero. Specifically, the corner reflector 202 includes, but is not limited to, a dihedral corner reflector or the like using a preset polarization rotation angle. Wherein, the preset polarization rotation angle of the dihedral corner reflector can be + -22.5 deg. + -67.5 deg. + -112.5 deg. or + -157.5 deg. and so on.
Of course, in the specific implementation process, other types of corner reflectors can be adopted to satisfy the polarization scattering matrix thereof
Figure BDA0003375154270000151
The four elements in (b) are not zero, and are not specifically limited herein.
Corresponding to the calibration method for the polarization active scaler channel balance, the invention also provides electronic equipment. Since the embodiment of the electronic device is similar to the above method embodiment, the description is simple, and please refer to the description of the above method embodiment, and the electronic device described below is only schematic. Fig. 5 is a schematic physical structure diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention. The electronic device may include: a processor (processor)501, a memory (memory)502 and a communication bus 503, wherein the processor 501 and the memory 502 are communicated with each other through the communication bus 503. Processor 501 may call logic instructions in memory 502 to perform a calibration method for polarization active scaler channel balance, the method comprising: performing matched filtering processing on the linear frequency modulation pulse signal recorded in each polarization channel experiment in the polarization active scaler to obtain a pulse compression signal; performing interpolation processing on the pulse compression signal, and extracting the amplitude and the phase at the peak value of the pulse compression signal to obtain an amplitude-phase characteristic value; comparing the amplitude-phase characteristic values corresponding to two adjacent pulse compression signals to obtain the pulse signal attenuation rate corresponding to each polarization channel; obtaining an amplitude-phase balance value between polarization channels in the polarization active scaler by comparing the relation of the pulse signal attenuation rate between each polarization channel and the reference polarization channel by taking the preset pulse signal attenuation rate of the reference polarization channel as a reference; and calibrating a polarization channel in the polarization active calibrator based on the amplitude-phase balance value.
Furthermore, the logic instructions in the memory 502 may be implemented in software functional units and stored in a computer readable storage medium when sold or used as a stand-alone product. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
In another aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer program product, where the computer program product includes a computer program stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, where the computer program includes program instructions, and when the program instructions are executed by a computer, the computer can execute the calibration method for polarization active scaler channel balance provided by the above-mentioned embodiments of the method, where the method includes: performing matched filtering processing on the linear frequency modulation pulse signal recorded in each polarization channel experiment in the polarization active scaler to obtain a pulse compression signal; performing interpolation processing on the pulse compression signal, and extracting the amplitude and the phase at the peak value of the pulse compression signal to obtain an amplitude-phase characteristic value; comparing the amplitude-phase characteristic values corresponding to two adjacent pulse compression signals to obtain the pulse signal attenuation rate corresponding to each polarization channel; obtaining an amplitude-phase balance value between polarization channels in the polarization active scaler by comparing the relation of the pulse signal attenuation rate between each polarization channel and the reference polarization channel by taking the preset pulse signal attenuation rate of the reference polarization channel as a reference; and calibrating a polarization channel in the polarization active calibrator based on the amplitude-phase balance value.
In yet another aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, where the computer program is implemented by a processor to execute the calibration method for polarization active scaler channel balance provided by the foregoing embodiments, and the method includes: performing matched filtering processing on the linear frequency modulation pulse signal recorded in each polarization channel experiment in the polarization active scaler to obtain a pulse compression signal; performing interpolation processing on the pulse compression signal, and extracting the amplitude and the phase at the peak value of the pulse compression signal to obtain an amplitude-phase characteristic value; comparing the amplitude-phase characteristic values corresponding to two adjacent pulse compression signals to obtain the pulse signal attenuation rate corresponding to each polarization channel; obtaining an amplitude-phase balance value between polarization channels in the polarization active scaler by comparing the relation of the pulse signal attenuation rate between each polarization channel and the reference polarization channel by taking the preset pulse signal attenuation rate of the reference polarization channel as a reference; and calibrating a polarization channel in the polarization active calibrator based on the amplitude-phase balance value.
The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and certainly can also be implemented by hardware. With this understanding in mind, the above-described technical solutions may be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A method for calibrating channel balance of a polarized active scaler, comprising:
performing matched filtering processing on the linear frequency modulation pulse signal corresponding to each polarization channel in the polarization active scaler to obtain a pulse compression signal; performing interpolation processing on the pulse compression signal, and extracting the amplitude and the phase at the peak value of the pulse compression signal to obtain an amplitude-phase characteristic value;
comparing the amplitude-phase characteristic values corresponding to two adjacent pulse compression signals to obtain the pulse signal attenuation rate corresponding to each polarization channel;
obtaining an amplitude-phase balance value between polarization channels in the polarization active scaler by comparing the relation of the pulse signal attenuation rate between each polarization channel and the reference polarization channel by taking the preset pulse signal attenuation rate of the reference polarization channel as a reference;
and calibrating a polarization channel in the polarization active scaler based on the amplitude-phase balance value.
2. The calibration method for polarization active scaler channel balance of claim 1, wherein said polarization channels comprise hh polarization channel, hv polarization channel, vh polarization channel and vv polarization channel;
the reference polarization channel is one of the hh polarization channel, the hv polarization channel, the vh polarization channel, and the vv polarization channel.
3. The calibration method for calibrating channel balance of the polarization active scaler according to claim 2, wherein the calibrating the polarization channel in the polarization active scaler based on the magnitude-phase balance value specifically comprises:
calibrating the hh polarization channel in the polarization active scaler based on the amplitude-phase balance value of the hh polarization channel relative to the reference polarization channel;
calibrating the hv polarization channel in the polarization active scaler based on the amplitude-phase balance value of the hv polarization channel relative to the reference polarization channel;
calibrating a vh polarization channel in the polarization active scaler based on the amplitude-phase balance value of the vh polarization channel relative to the reference polarization channel;
and calibrating the vv polarization channel in the polarization active scaler based on the amplitude-phase balance value of the vv polarization channel relative to the reference polarization channel.
4. The method of calibrating polarization active scaler channel balance of claim 1, further comprising: if the polarization scattering matrix of the polarization active scaler is
Figure FDA0003375154260000021
The polarization scattering matrix of the standard reflector corresponding to the polarization active scaler is
Figure FDA0003375154260000022
The distance between the polarized active scaler and the standard reflector is R; the active scaler comprises a p receiving q transmitting channel which is marked as a pq channel; let the 1 st recorded chirp signal be
Figure FDA0003375154260000023
The 2 nd recorded chirp signal is
Figure FDA0003375154260000024
By analogy, the ith recorded linear frequency modulation signal is obtained
Figure FDA0003375154260000025
Then the expression corresponding to the pulse signal attenuation rate is:
Figure FDA0003375154260000026
wherein λ is a signal wavelength, the signal being a chirp signal; i is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and represents the serial number of the record; r is the distance between the polarized active scaler and the standard reflector; p and q are both variables, representing h or v, respectively;
Figure FDA0003375154260000027
recording the ith linear frequency modulation pulse signal of the pq channel;
Figure FDA0003375154260000028
recording a linear frequency modulation pulse signal for the (i + 1) th time of the pq channel; the pq channel is any one of an hh channel, an hv channel, a vh channel and a vv channel; spqS in a polarization scattering matrix representing said polarization active scalerhh、Shv、Svh、SvvAny one of the above;
Figure FDA0003375154260000029
is a known quantity as a reference, representing the polarization scattering matrix of the standard reflector
Figure FDA00033751542600000210
Any one of them.
5. The calibration method for the channel balance of the active polarization scaler according to claim 4, wherein the chirp signal corresponding to each polarization channel in the active polarization scaler is subjected to matched filtering to obtain a pulse compression signal; performing interpolation processing on the pulse compression signal, and extracting the amplitude and the phase at the peak value of the pulse compression signal to obtain an amplitude-phase characteristic value, which specifically comprises the following steps:
chirp signal to polarization channel in said polarization active scaler recorded twice next to each other
Figure FDA00033751542600000211
And
Figure FDA00033751542600000212
performing matched filtering processing to obtain a pulse compression signal; performing interpolation processing on the pulse compression signal, extracting amplitude-phase data of the peak value of the pulse compression signal, and obtaining an amplitude-phase characteristic value
Figure FDA0003375154260000031
And
Figure FDA0003375154260000032
the method for comparing the amplitude-phase characteristic values corresponding to two adjacent pulse compression signals to obtain the pulse signal attenuation rate corresponding to each polarization channel specifically comprises the following steps:
comparing the amplitude-phase characteristic values corresponding to two adjacent pulse compression signals to obtain the pulse compression signal attenuation rate corresponding to each polarization channel, wherein the corresponding formula is as follows:
Figure FDA0003375154260000033
wherein p and q are variables which can represent h or v, respectively; y ispqRepresents Yhh、Yhv、Yvh、YvvAny one of the above; i is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and represents the serial number of the record; delta YpqFor the pulse compression signal attenuation rates of two adjacent pulse compression signals to be calculated, since p and q are variables respectively representing h or v, Δ YpqRepresents DeltaYhh、ΔYhv、ΔYvh、ΔYvvAny one of the above; wherein, Delta YhhAttenuation ratio of pulse compression signal, Δ Y, for hh channelhvDecay Rate, Δ Y, of pulse compression Signal for hv channelvhPulse compression signal attenuation Rate, Δ Y, for vh channelvvThe pulse compression signal attenuation rate for the vv channel; the pulse compression signal attenuation rate corresponds to the pulse signal attenuation rate.
6. A calibration apparatus for polarization active scaler channel balance, comprising:
the pulse signal attenuation rate obtaining unit is used for performing matched filtering processing on the linear frequency modulation pulse signal corresponding to each polarization channel in the polarization active scaler to obtain a pulse compression signal; performing interpolation processing on the pulse compression signal, and extracting the amplitude and the phase at the peak value of the pulse compression signal to obtain an amplitude-phase characteristic value;
the pulse signal attenuation rate obtaining unit is used for comparing amplitude-phase characteristic values corresponding to two adjacent pulse compression signals to obtain a pulse signal attenuation rate corresponding to each polarization channel;
the amplitude-phase balance value obtaining unit is used for obtaining an amplitude-phase balance value between the polarized channels in the polarized active scaler by comparing the relation of the pulse signal attenuation rate between each polarized channel and the reference polarized channel with the pulse signal attenuation rate of a preset reference polarized channel as a reference;
and the polarization channel calibration unit is used for calibrating the polarization channel in the polarization active scaler based on the amplitude-phase balance value.
7. A calibration apparatus for a polar active scaler, comprising: a pointing adjustment device and a corner reflector;
the direction adjusting device is used for controlling the direction of the corner reflector;
the corner reflector is used for reflecting the linear frequency modulation pulse signal transmitted by the transmitting antenna of the polarization active scaler back; and four elements of the polarization scattering characteristic matrix corresponding to the corner reflector are not zero.
8. Calibration apparatus for a polarization active sealer according to claim 7, wherein said corner reflector is a dihedral corner reflector employing a preset polarization rotation angle.
9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor when executing the program performs the steps of the calibration method of polarization active scaler channel balance according to any of the claims 1 to 5.
10. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium, having stored thereon a computer program, which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the calibration method of polarization active scaler channel balancing according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
CN202111413470.7A 2021-11-25 2021-11-25 Calibration method and device for polarization active scaler channel balance Pending CN114415127A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115128564A (en) * 2022-09-02 2022-09-30 中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 Method and device for polarization calibration of lunar orbit synthetic aperture radar
CN117214843A (en) * 2023-11-07 2023-12-12 中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 Full-polarization SAR system performance evaluation method based on scaler group

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115128564A (en) * 2022-09-02 2022-09-30 中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 Method and device for polarization calibration of lunar orbit synthetic aperture radar
CN117214843A (en) * 2023-11-07 2023-12-12 中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 Full-polarization SAR system performance evaluation method based on scaler group

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