CN103901412A - Calibration method and system for pulse reconstruction and tracking type active calibrator - Google Patents

Calibration method and system for pulse reconstruction and tracking type active calibrator Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103901412A
CN103901412A CN201410127563.7A CN201410127563A CN103901412A CN 103901412 A CN103901412 A CN 103901412A CN 201410127563 A CN201410127563 A CN 201410127563A CN 103901412 A CN103901412 A CN 103901412A
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antenna
signal
reflected signal
standard reflection
reflection disk
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CN103901412B (en
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赵飞
郭伟
王彩云
万珺之
刘鹏
蔡朋飞
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National Space Science Center of CAS
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/40—Means for monitoring or calibrating
    • G01S7/4052—Means for monitoring or calibrating by simulation of echoes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/40—Means for monitoring or calibrating
    • G01S7/4052—Means for monitoring or calibrating by simulation of echoes
    • G01S7/406—Means for monitoring or calibrating by simulation of echoes using internally generated reference signals, e.g. via delay line, via RF or IF signal injection or via integrated reference reflector or transponder

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Abstract

The invention relates to a calibration method for a pulse reconstruction and tracking type active calibrator. The method comprises the steps that an antenna of the pulse reconstruction and tracking type active calibrator is aligned to a standard reflection disk, the antenna is aligned to the reflection disk according to signals which are reflected by the standard reflection disk two times and received by the antenna, and frequency values corresponding to the signals reflected to times are recorded; the distance between the aligned standard reflection disk and an antenna reference point is measured, and a delay value introduced by a feed source and the antenna and a radio frequency channel delay value are acquired based on the obtained distance value and frequency value; data measured by the pulse reconstruction and tracking type active calibrator are corrected through the two obtained delay values, and calibration is completed. The reference point is the position, irradiated by an infrared distance meter, on the antenna when the antenna is aligned to the standard reflection disk. According to alignment, the infrared distance meter and the reference point are arranged in the same horizontal plane, that is, the distances between the infrared distance meter and the two edges of the antenna in the same horizontal plane are equal.

Description

A kind of calibrating method and system of rebuilding following-up type source scaler for pulse
Technical field
The present invention relates to microwave remote sensing technique field, relate in particular to a kind of calibrating method and system of rebuilding following-up type source scaler for pulse.
Background technology
Active scaling system is a kind of spaceborne radar ground targeting device in-orbit.For spaceborne radar provides standard known target echo signal, spaceborne radar is revised the Time delay measurement equal error of self system by receiving this standard signal, thereby realizes spaceborne radar absolute calibration in-orbit.
It is that application number is " 201310436084.9 " that following-up type source scaler is rebuild in pulse, and name is called the scaler of the application documents disclosure of " a kind of following-up type source scaler of rebuilding system based on forward signal ".There is following defect for the existing calibrating method of this scaler: the system delay standardization of the existing following-up type source scaler for forward signal reconstruction system mostly relies on following principle: the real-time Fourier transform of primary event echo, time-domain signal relevant treatment and frequency domain.Use primary event echo that source scaler is postponed to demarcate and can be accomplished, although it is simple, need not pay the secondary reflection signal that a large amount of time debugs out standard reflection disk, but the system delay standardization based on this principle cannot be verified the aligning completely of above mentioning, thus the accuracy of proof the calibration results that cannot be strong.The relevant treatment of time-domain signal and in real time Fourier transform are all the methods of source scaler receiving end signal processing, two kinds of methods can both be told target echo signal, but the echoed signal that the real-time Fourier transform of frequency domain draws, the reflection echo of the direct corresponding different distance of signal of different frequency components, be used in more directly perceived, clear in the system delay standard of source scaler, easily understand and analyze.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, for overcoming above-mentioned defect, the invention provides a kind of calibrating method and system of rebuilding following-up type source scaler for pulse.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of calibrating method of rebuilding following-up type source scaler for pulse, described method comprises:
Step 101) antenna of pulse reconstruction tracking source scaler is aimed at standard reflection disk, and the signal according to two secondary reflections before and after the standard reflection disk of antenna reception is aimed at antenna with reflection disk, and records frequency values corresponding to reflected signal twice; Step 102) measure the distance between standard reflection disk and the antenna reference point of aiming at, the distance value based on obtaining and frequency values obtain length of delay and the radio-frequency channel length of delay of feed and antenna introducing;
Two delay value paired pulses that employing obtains are rebuild the data of tracking source scaler measurement and are proofreaied and correct, and complete calibration;
Wherein, described reference point is: when antenna and standard reflection disk are on time, infrared range-measurement system is irradiated to the position on antenna;
The specific implementation of described aligning is: make infrared range-measurement system and described reference point on a surface level, described infrared range-measurement system equates to the distance at two edges of the antenna of same level.
Optionally, above-mentioned steps 101) further comprise:
Step 101-1) the antenna transmission signal T of active scaling system is irradiated to standard reflection disk;
After the first reflected signal R after standard reflection disk reflection arrives the antenna of active scaling system, enter pulse and rebuild the receiver of following-up type source scaler, the first reflected signal R, by antenna-reflected, obtains reflected signal RT simultaneously; Reflected signal RT is reflected to form the second reflected signal RR after arriving standard reflection disk again, and secondary signal RR is also received by the receiver of pulse reconstruction following-up type source scaler simultaneously;
Step 101-2) adjust the emissive power of antenna, make receiver carry out to received signal can telling after Fourier transform the echoed signal of the first reflected signal R and the second reflected signal RR;
The orientation of accommodation reflex disk and antenna and sensing, the distance in the path of passing by with the second reflected signal RR with reflected signal RT in the path that T passes by with the first reflected signal R of ensureing to transmit equates, completes accurate aligning.
Optionally, above-mentioned steps 101-2) comprise:
Step 101-2-1) conversion antenna emissive power, obtain the first reflected signal R and the second reflected signal RR until can observe on the frequency spectrum that carries out obtaining after FFT conversion at the receiver of source scaler;
Step 101-2-2) standard reflection disk is carried out to upper and lower and left and right adjustment, make the peak value of the first reflected signal R and the second reflected signal RR reach maximum;
Step 101-2-3) read now the first reflected signal R and the frequency of the second reflected signal RR and the frequency of antenna feed reflected signal P2, be designated as respectively: F (P2), F (P3) and F (P4);
Adjust the inclination angle of standard reflection disk at vertical direction, and then ensureing " F (P3)-F (P2)=F (P4)-F(P3) ", the distance in the path of passing by with the second reflected signal RR with reflected signal RT in the path that the final T that ensures to transmit passes by with the first reflected signal R equates.
Further alternative, adopt following formula to calculate the length of delay of feed and antenna introducing:
Figure BDA0000485111840000031
Wherein, for the first reflection signal of standard reflection disk;
Figure BDA0000485111840000033
represent that feed end does not mate the reflected signal being connected to form; B represents the chirp bandwidth of source scaler system, unit K Hz;
Figure BDA0000485111840000034
represent
Figure BDA0000485111840000035
with
Figure BDA0000485111840000036
the echo frequency that signal is corresponding poor, i.e. F (P3)-F (P2), unit K Hz; Wide when t represents the chirp of source scaler system, the s of unit; L rrepresent the distance of standard reflection disk to antenna reference point; C represents the light velocity, the m/s of unit;
Adopting following formula to calculate radio-frequency channel postpones:
Figure BDA0000485111840000037
Wherein,
Figure BDA0000485111840000038
represent signal
Figure BDA0000485111840000039
corresponding echo frequency.
In addition, the invention provides a kind of scaling system of rebuilding following-up type source scaler for pulse, comprise the antenna and the receiver that are positioned in pulse reconstruction following-up type source scaler, described system comprises:
Standard reflection disk, infrared range-measurement system and be positioned at pulse and rebuild the signal processing module on following-up type source scaler receiver;
Described antenna is for transmitting to standard reflection disk;
Described infrared range-measurement system is used for: obtain the reference point of source scaler antenna, the distance for measurement standard reflection disk to the antenna reference point of source scaler;
Described signal processing module, for adopting following formula to calculate the time delay of feed and antenna introducing;
Figure BDA0000485111840000041
Wherein, the reflected signal of feed is for frequency
Figure BDA0000485111840000042
the first reflected signal respective frequencies of standard reflection disk
Figure BDA0000485111840000043
and the second reflected signal respective frequencies of standard reflection disk
Figure BDA0000485111840000044
b: the bandwidth of linear FM signal that source scaler system is used, t: the linear FM signal that source scaler system is used time wide, L r: standard reflection disk and antenna are completely on time, and the standard reflection disk that infrared range-measurement system records is to the distance of antenna reference point.
Optionally, above-mentioned signal processing module further comprises:
Fourier transform module, carries out fast fourier transform for the signal that receiver is received, and obtains the reflected signal frequency of feed
Figure BDA0000485111840000045
the first reflected signal frequency of standard reflection disk
Figure BDA0000485111840000046
and the second reflected signal frequency of standard reflection disk
Figure BDA0000485111840000047
Comparison module, for comparing
Figure BDA0000485111840000048
with whether equate, in the time that both are equal, can meet alignment request;
Data processing module, for according to the range measurement principle of linear frequency modulation radar and source scaler working method, incites somebody to action
Figure BDA00004851118400000410
and
Figure BDA00004851118400000411
fully utilize, calculate the slow t of system of the needed source scaler of outer calibration a+ t f;
Wherein, described standard reflection disk refers to all known disks of consequent scattering coefficient RCS and area.
Compared with prior art, technical advantage of the present invention is: rely on standard reflection disk secondary reflection signal to carry out complete alignment correction, the calibration results more accurately and reliably; Realize time-frequency conversion, transfer range observation to more intuitive frequency representation, real time record the calibration results.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1: active scaling system self calibration process schematic diagram provided by the invention;
Fig. 2: reception signal FFT spectrogram provided by the invention (horizontal ordinate represents that frequency ordinate represents amplitude).
Accompanying drawing mark:
1. standard reflection disk 2. infrared range-measurement systems
3. vehicle active scaler system 4. vehicle active scaler system antennas
5. circulator 6. source scaler system receiver and transmitters
T. the vehicle active scaler system antenna R. standard reflection disk primary event signal that transmits
RT. vehicle active scaler system antenna reflected signal TT. standard reflection disk secondary reflection signal
T r. vehicle active scaler system receive delay t t. the transmitting of vehicle active scaler system postpones
Figure BDA0000485111840000051
circulator leakage signal
Figure BDA0000485111840000052
feed end does not mate the reflected signal being connected to form
Figure BDA0000485111840000053
standard reflection disk primary event signal
Figure BDA0000485111840000054
standard reflection disk secondary reflection signal
Figure BDA0000485111840000055
carrier frequency leakage signal
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the method for the invention is elaborated.
The present invention proposes a kind of method of rebuilding following-up type source scaler self system delay for ranging pulse, this be secondary reflection based on signal and in real time multiple spot FFT process.By this method for pulse rebuilding type source scaler calibration can effectively reduce error and increase the stated accuracy of self system delay.
The process of the secondary reflection of signal is (as Fig. 1): the antenna transmission signal T of active scaling system is irradiated to standard reflection disk; After signal R after standard reflection disk reflection arrives the antenna of active scaling system, enter receiver, synchronous signal R is by antenna-reflected, and reflected signal is RT; RT is reflected formation signal RR after arriving reflection disk, and signal RR is also received by the receiver of active scaling system simultaneously.Reasonably adjust the emissive power of active scaling system, can after signal is processed, tell at receiving end the echoed signal of R and RR.Can determine that the path of passing by with signal RT+RR in path that signal T+R passes by is consistent, the orientation of accommodation reflex disk and antenna and sensing in calibration process, ensure expression formula 1:L (T+R)=L (RT+RR) 1set up, the calibrated error that active scaling system can be postponed drops to minimum.
As everyone knows, for sampling rate and the fixing signal of bandwidth, counting of FFT will determine the frequency resolution of signal.For example: be B for bandwidth ωsignal, use sample rate f sobtain its digital quantity, at f s>2B ω, situation under, the precision of frequency discrimination is
Figure BDA0000485111840000056
what wherein N was FFT counts.For the system of chirp system, if chirp time wide for t, bandwidth are B, the Range resolution precision of system
Figure BDA0000485111840000057
wherein C is the light velocity.The frequency resolution that rationally effectively improves reception signal can ensure expression formula 1 as much as possible, thereby effectively improves the stated accuracy that active scaling system postpones.
Embodiment:
The present invention demarcates the secondary reflection signal of normal disc for the system delay of source scaler (radar of relative theory).Although the reception signal of Fourier transform processing source scaler proposes already in real time, be used in herein to process and found standard reflection disk secondary reflection signal.Maximum contribution has herein been to propose the radar of a kind of secondary reflection based on signal and the source scaler relative theory that multiple spot FFT processes in real time) system delay standardization.
Select calibration place, peripheral reflection background is few, affects little place.Lay vehicle active scaling system 3, according to technical requirement leveling vehicle active scaling system, antenna platform 4 is on surface level.Lay standard reflection disk 1 in suitable distance, ranging technology by infrared range-measurement system 2 is aimed at standard reflection disk and antenna 4: make infrared range-measurement system 2 follow reference point on a surface level, and infrared range-measurement system 2 is equal to the distance at two edges of the antenna 4 of same level, guarantee standard reflection disk 1 is laterally being aimed in (vertical direction of signal T and the parallel direction of the earth) completely with antenna 4.
Vehicle active scaler system 3 is started shooting, mode of operation is set for " outer calibration mode ", suitable emissive power is set, until see echoed signal as shown in Figure 2 on the receiver of source scaler system and the receiver end monitoring screen of transmitter 6, the pitching of suitable adjustment standard reflection disk 1 and height, make in Fig. 2
Figure BDA0000485111840000061
formula has above ensured that standard reflection disk 1 longitudinally aiming in (vertical direction of the vertical direction machine the earth of signal T) with antenna 4 simultaneously.So far, the antenna 4 of standard reflection disk 1 and source scaler system is all aimed in all directions, primary event echoed signal
Figure BDA0000485111840000062
with second-time-around echo signal
Figure BDA0000485111840000063
effective.The distance that now reads infrared range-measurement system 2, is designated as L r, this is the actual range of standard reflection disk to antenna 4 reference point.
The internal system time delay of source scaler system comprises two parts: radio-frequency channel postpones t fand feed and antenna introducing delay t a.Here the delay of indication is that transmitting postpones t twith receive delay t rsummation.Radio-frequency channel postpones t fthe passage comprising: transmitter, circulator, feed port, circulator and receiver; Feed and antenna are introduced and are postponed f abe not that the physical distance with feed produces all over the world, the path method of passing by with actual signal is measured.
Can know echoed signal according to description above
Figure BDA0000485111840000071
the delay of representative is radio-frequency channel and postpones t f, because echoed signal
Figure BDA0000485111840000072
it is the reflected signal of feed port.If chirp time wide for t, bandwidth are B, radio-frequency channel postpones
Figure BDA0000485111840000073
the path that signal T+R passes by feed can be used
Figure BDA0000485111840000074
or
Figure BDA0000485111840000075
the distance of representative represents; Known above, signal " T+R " is 2L to the Actual path of antenna reference point r.Thus, feed and antenna are introduced and are postponed
Figure BDA0000485111840000076
wherein, C is the light velocity.
Note: expression way F (Px)-F (Py) is equal to expression way
Figure BDA0000485111840000077
The data that finally adopt two delay value paired pulses that obtain to rebuild the measurement of tracking source scaler are proofreaied and correct, and complete calibration.
It should be noted last that, above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described.Although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, technical scheme of the present invention is modified or is equal to replacement, do not depart from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of claim scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. a calibrating method of rebuilding following-up type source scaler for pulse, described method comprises:
Step 101) antenna of pulse reconstruction tracking source scaler is aimed at standard reflection disk, and the signal according to two secondary reflections before and after the standard reflection disk of antenna reception is aimed at antenna with reflection disk, and records frequency values corresponding to reflected signal twice; Step 102) measure the distance between standard reflection disk and the antenna reference point of aiming at, the distance value based on obtaining and frequency values obtain length of delay and the radio-frequency channel length of delay of feed and antenna introducing;
Two delay value paired pulses that employing obtains are rebuild the data of tracking source scaler measurement and are proofreaied and correct, and complete calibration;
Wherein, described reference point is: when antenna and standard reflection disk are on time, infrared range-measurement system is irradiated to the position on antenna;
The specific implementation of described aligning is: make infrared range-measurement system and described reference point on a surface level, described infrared range-measurement system equates to the distance at two edges of the antenna of same level.
2. the calibrating method of rebuilding following-up type source scaler for pulse according to claim 1, is characterized in that described step 101) further comprise:
Step 101-1) the antenna transmission signal T of active scaling system is irradiated to standard reflection disk;
After the first reflected signal R after standard reflection disk reflection arrives the antenna of active scaling system, enter pulse and rebuild the receiver of following-up type source scaler, the first reflected signal R, by antenna-reflected, obtains reflected signal RT simultaneously; Reflected signal RT is reflected to form the second reflected signal RR after arriving standard reflection disk again, and secondary signal RR is also received by the receiver of pulse reconstruction following-up type source scaler simultaneously;
Step 101-2) adjust the emissive power of antenna, make receiver carry out to received signal can telling after Fourier transform the echoed signal of the first reflected signal R and the second reflected signal RR;
The orientation of accommodation reflex disk and antenna and sensing, the distance in the path of passing by with the second reflected signal RR with reflected signal RT in the path that T passes by with the first reflected signal R of ensureing to transmit equates, completes accurate aligning.
3. the calibrating method of rebuilding following-up type source scaler for pulse according to claim 2, is characterized in that described step 101-2) comprise:
Step 101-2-1) conversion antenna emissive power, obtain the first reflected signal R and the second reflected signal RR until can observe on the frequency spectrum that carries out obtaining after FFT conversion at the receiver of source scaler;
Step 101-2-2) standard reflection disk is carried out to upper and lower and left and right adjustment, make the peak value of the first reflected signal R and the second reflected signal RR reach maximum;
Step 101-2-3) read now the first reflected signal R and the frequency of the second reflected signal RR and the frequency of antenna feed reflected signal P2, be designated as respectively: F (P2), F (P3) and F (P4);
Adjust the inclination angle of standard reflection disk at vertical direction, and then ensureing " F (P3)-F (P2)=F (P4)-F(P3) ", the distance in the path of passing by with the second reflected signal RR with reflected signal RT in the path that the final T that ensures to transmit passes by with the first reflected signal R equates.
4. the calibrating method of rebuilding following-up type source scaler for pulse according to claim 3, is characterized in that, adopts following formula to calculate the length of delay of feed and antenna introducing:
Figure FDA0000485111830000021
Wherein,
Figure FDA0000485111830000022
for the first reflection signal of standard reflection disk;
Figure FDA0000485111830000023
represent that feed end does not mate the reflected signal being connected to form; B represents the chirp bandwidth of source scaler system, unit K Hz;
Figure FDA0000485111830000024
represent
Figure FDA0000485111830000025
with
Figure FDA0000485111830000026
the echo frequency that signal is corresponding poor, i.e. F (P3)-F (P2), unit K Hz; Wide when t represents the chirp of source scaler system, the s of unit; L rrepresent the distance of standard reflection disk to antenna reference point; C represents the light velocity, the m/s of unit;
Adopting following formula to calculate radio-frequency channel postpones:
Figure FDA0000485111830000027
Wherein,
Figure FDA0000485111830000028
represent signal
Figure FDA0000485111830000029
corresponding echo frequency.
5. rebuild a scaling system for following-up type source scaler for pulse, comprise the antenna and the receiver that are positioned in pulse reconstruction following-up type source scaler, it is characterized in that, described system comprises:
Standard reflection disk, infrared range-measurement system and be positioned at pulse and rebuild the signal processing module on following-up type source scaler receiver;
Described antenna is for transmitting to standard reflection disk;
Described infrared range-measurement system is used for: obtain the reference point of source scaler antenna, the distance for measurement standard reflection disk to the antenna reference point of source scaler;
Described signal processing module, for adopting following formula to calculate the time delay of feed and antenna introducing;
Wherein, the reflected signal of feed is for frequency
Figure FDA0000485111830000032
the first reflected signal respective frequencies of standard reflection disk and the second reflected signal respective frequencies of standard reflection disk
Figure FDA0000485111830000034
b: the bandwidth of linear FM signal that source scaler system is used, t: the linear FM signal that source scaler system is used time wide, L r: standard reflection disk and antenna are completely on time, and the standard reflection disk that infrared range-measurement system records is to the distance of antenna reference point.
6. the scaling system of rebuilding following-up type source scaler for pulse according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described signal processing module further comprises:
Fourier transform module, carries out fast fourier transform for the signal that receiver is received, and obtains the reflected signal frequency of feed
Figure FDA0000485111830000035
the first reflected signal frequency of standard reflection disk
Figure FDA0000485111830000036
and the second reflected signal frequency of standard reflection disk
Figure FDA0000485111830000037
Comparison module, for comparing
Figure FDA0000485111830000038
with
Figure FDA0000485111830000039
whether equate, in the time that both are equal, can meet alignment request;
Data processing module, for according to the range measurement principle of linear frequency modulation radar and source scaler working method, incites somebody to action
Figure FDA00004851118300000310
and
Figure FDA00004851118300000311
fully utilize, calculate the slow t of system of the needed source scaler of outer calibration a+ t f;
Wherein, described standard reflection disk refers to all known disks of consequent scattering coefficient RCS and area.
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CN108732596A (en) * 2018-06-04 2018-11-02 中国科学院电子学研究所 Double frequency Ionospheric measurement method and system based on regional positioning system
CN108732596B (en) * 2018-06-04 2021-02-23 中国科学院电子学研究所 Double-frequency ionosphere measurement method and system based on China regional positioning system
CN112859023A (en) * 2021-03-10 2021-05-28 北京敏视达雷达有限公司 Calibration system of phased array weather radar
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