CN114414604A - Method for measuring potassium content in potash fertilizer based on EDXRF method - Google Patents

Method for measuring potassium content in potash fertilizer based on EDXRF method Download PDF

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CN114414604A
CN114414604A CN202210078921.4A CN202210078921A CN114414604A CN 114414604 A CN114414604 A CN 114414604A CN 202210078921 A CN202210078921 A CN 202210078921A CN 114414604 A CN114414604 A CN 114414604A
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potassium
potash fertilizer
precipitate
silver
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邓玉福
荆薇
李继
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Shenyang Normal University
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    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N23/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
    • G01N23/22Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by measuring secondary emission from the material
    • G01N23/223Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by measuring secondary emission from the material by irradiating the sample with X-rays or gamma-rays and by measuring X-ray fluorescence
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N23/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
    • G01N23/22Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by measuring secondary emission from the material
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for measuring potassium content in potash fertilizer based on an EDXRF method, which comprises the steps of firstly carrying out measurement pretreatment on a potash fertilizer sample and preparing a sample to be measured and a standard sample, converting potassium element in the sample into silver element with larger atomic number through chemical reaction, measuring the silver element in the sample to be measured by using an energy dispersion X-ray fluorescence analyzer, detecting fluorescence counting of the silver element, substituting the fluorescence counting into a calibration curve, and obtaining the percentage content of the silver element in the sample to be measured. And calculating the percentage content of the potassium element in the potash fertilizer sample according to the chemical quantity relationship of potassium and silver in the chemical reaction. The invention realizes the measurement of the content of potassium in the potash fertilizer by an indirect measurement method, and has the characteristics of quick measurement and easy operation.

Description

Method for measuring potassium content in potash fertilizer based on EDXRF method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of analysis and detection, and particularly relates to a method for measuring potassium content in a potash fertilizer based on an EDXRF method.
Background
At present, two main methods for detecting the content of light elements in a substance mainly comprise a chemical analysis method and an instrument analysis method. The chemical analysis method can be classified into a lamp-burning method, a tube furnace method, a gravimetric method, a neutralization titration method, a colorimetric method, a volumetric method and other specific measurement methods according to different elements and sample types. The light elements can be quantitatively analyzed accurately by adopting a common chemical method, but the operation procedure is complex, the analysis period is long, and the requirements on chemical knowledge and experimental literacy of operators are high, so that the instrument analysis method is more and more favored by analysis users. Currently, instrumental methods include emission spectroscopy, Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) analysis, X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF), and plasma emission spectroscopy, among others. The energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis (EDXRF) measurement is realized by using an X-ray tube as an excitation device of a primary spectral line, primary X-rays emitted by the X-ray tube irradiate a sample, so that a target element in the sample is excited to generate X-ray fluorescence, the X-ray fluorescence is received by a detector, the energy value of the target element is detected, and is compared with a calibration curve made according to a standard sample, the content of the target element in the sample is calculated through inversion, and the quantitative analysis of the element is completed. Although the XRF analysis method has the advantages of high analysis speed, wide analysis range, low sample preparation requirement, high analysis precision and the like, the method has more advantages compared with other instrument analysis methods. However, when light elements are measured, the characteristic X-ray detection efficiency is low due to low fluorescence yield and excitation efficiency, and in addition, the problems of serious absorption-enhancement effect among spectral lines, spectral line overlapping caused by close energy of adjacent spectral lines and the like exist, so that the effect of directly measuring the light elements by using EDXRF is not ideal.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention discloses a method for measuring the content of potassium in a potash fertilizer based on an EDXRF method, so as to improve the sensitivity of detecting potassium element by energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is specifically a method for measuring the content of potassium in a potash fertilizer based on an EDXRF method, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: pretreating a potash fertilizer sample;
step 2: obtaining a pretreated potash fertilizer sample, and converting a potassium element in the pretreated potash fertilizer sample into a silver element with a larger atomic number through a chemical reaction, so as to obtain a sample to be detected;
and step 3: obtaining the pretreated potash fertilizer sample again, and preparing a standard sample containing silver element;
and 4, step 4: measuring the standard samples by using an energy dispersion X-ray fluorescence analyzer, measuring the fluorescence count of the silver element in each standard sample, and drawing a calibration curve by taking the percentage content of the silver element as an abscissa and the fluorescence count of the silver element as an ordinate;
and 5: and measuring the silver element in the sample to be detected by using an energy dispersion X-ray fluorescence analyzer, detecting the fluorescence count of the silver element, substituting the fluorescence count into a calibration curve to obtain the percentage content of the silver element in the sample to be detected, and calculating to obtain the percentage content of the potassium element in the potash fertilizer sample according to the chemical quantity relationship between the potassium element and the silver element.
Preferably, the method for pretreating the potash fertilizer sample comprises the following steps: weighing a plurality of potassium fertilizer powder samples with the same mass, adding distilled water into each potassium fertilizer powder sample, and fully stirring, wherein the parts of the potassium fertilizer powder samples are not less than five;
preferably, the preparation method of the sample to be detected comprises the following steps:
a. stirring and slowly dropwise adding a sodium tetraphenylborate solution into a plurality of pretreated potassic fertilizer powder samples with the same mass, and standing to obtain insoluble precipitate and potassium tetraphenylborate precipitate. Filtering and drying the mixed solution to obtain insoluble precipitate and potassium tetraphenylborate precipitate;
b. and adding acetone into the insoluble substance precipitate and the tetraphenylboron potassium precipitate, fully stirring to dissolve the tetraphenylboron potassium precipitate, slowly stirring, dropwise adding a silver nitrate solution, standing, filtering and drying the mixed solution to obtain insoluble substance and tetraphenylboron silver precipitate, namely a first precipitate, and performing powder tabletting on a part of the first precipitate to obtain a sample to be detected.
Preferably, the preparation method of the standard sample comprises the following steps: obtaining a plurality of pretreated potash fertilizer powder samples with the same mass, filtering, washing and drying to obtain a second precipitate, uniformly mixing the second precipitate and silver nitrate powder according to different gradient change proportions of silver content, grinding, and preparing a standard sample by a powder tabletting method.
Preferably, the potash fertilizer sample is a potash fertilizer monopotassium phosphate sample, which contains potassium oxide, phosphorus pentoxide, trace chlorine and water-insoluble impurities.
Preferably, the reaction formula after stirring and slowly dripping the sodium tetraphenylborate solution into a plurality of pretreated potassic fertilizer powder samples with the same mass is as follows:
K++Na[B(C6H5)4]=K[B(C6H5)4]↓+Na+
the reaction formula after adding the silver nitrate solution is as follows:
K[B(C6H5)4]+AgNO3=Ag[B(C6H5)4]↓+KNO3
preferably, during filtering, dense ashless quantitative filter paper and a suction filter funnel are adopted for filtering; during drying, the mixture is dried by an oven, the temperature is controlled at 90 ℃, and precipitates are obtained after 1 hour.
The method for measuring the content of potassium in the potash fertilizer based on the EDXRF method, provided by the invention, is quick to measure and easy to operate, is more economical compared with the measurement by using a wavelength dispersion X-ray fluorescence analyzer imported from abroad, saves the cost, overcomes the defects of longer analysis period and complicated operation of the traditional chemical method, and can effectively realize the quantitative analysis of the potassium element in the potash fertilizer by using the energy dispersion X-ray fluorescence analyzer.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments or technical solutions in the prior art of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a process for preparing a sample to be tested according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a process for preparing a standard sample according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present invention. Rather, they are merely examples of systems consistent with certain aspects of the invention, as detailed in the appended claims.
In order to solve the problems that the energy dispersion X-ray fluorescence analysis technology is insufficient in light element measurement and the sensitivity of detecting potassium element by using the energy dispersion X-ray fluorescence spectrometry is low in the prior art, the embodiment provides a reasonable and effective method for measuring the content of the potassium element by using the energy dispersion X-ray fluorescence analysis technology.
The method mainly comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of firstly carrying out measurement pretreatment on a potassium fertilizer sample on the market and preparing a sample to be measured and a standard sample, converting potassium element in the sample into silver element with a larger atomic number through chemical reaction, measuring the silver element in the sample by using an energy dispersion X-ray fluorescence spectrometer, detecting the fluorescence count of the silver element, substituting the fluorescence count into a calibration curve, and solving the percentage content of the silver element in the sample to be measured. And calculating the percentage content of the potassium element in the potash fertilizer according to the chemical quantity relationship of the silver and the potassium in the reaction formula.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
step one, preparing a sample to be detected:
weighing 5 parts of potassium fertilizer powder sample with the same mass, pouring the potassium fertilizer powder sample into 5 beakers, adding distilled water, and fully stirring.
And b, stirring and slowly dripping sodium tetraphenylborate solution into each beaker, standing, and filtering and drying the mixed solution to obtain insoluble precipitate and potassium tetraphenylborate precipitate.
And c, transferring the precipitate into a beaker, adding acetone, fully stirring to dissolve the potassium tetraphenylborate precipitate, and slowly stirring and dropwise adding a silver nitrate solution. And standing, filtering and drying the mixed solution to obtain an insoluble substance and a precipitate of tetraphenylboron silver, namely a first precipitate, and performing powder tabletting on a part of the first precipitate to obtain a sample to be detected.
Step two, preparing a standard sample:
dissolving a potash fertilizer powder sample by using distilled water, and obtaining a second precipitate through the steps of filtering, washing, drying and the like. Uniformly mixing the second precipitate and silver nitrate powder according to different gradient change ratios of silver content, carefully grinding, and preparing a standard sample by a powder tabletting method.
And step three, measuring the prepared standard samples by using an energy dispersion X-ray fluorescence analyzer, and measuring the fluorescence count of the silver element in each standard sample. And (3) drawing a calibration curve by taking the percentage content of the silver element as an abscissa and the fluorescence count of the silver element as an ordinate.
And step four, measuring the silver element in the sample to be detected by using the energy dispersion X-ray fluorescence analyzer, detecting the fluorescence count of the silver element, substituting the fluorescence count into the calibration curve, and obtaining the percentage content of the silver element in the sample to be detected. And calculating the percentage content of the potassium element in the potash fertilizer sample according to the chemical quantity relationship of the potassium element and the silver element.
The potassium fertilizer monopotassium phosphate sample mainly contains potassium oxide and phosphorus pentoxide, and also contains trace chlorine and water-insoluble impurities.
The reaction formula after adding the sodium tetraphenylborate solution in the step b of preparing the sample to be detected is as follows:
K++Na[B(C6H5)4]=K[B(C6H5)4]↓+Na+
the reaction formula after adding the silver nitrate solution in the step c is as follows:
K[B(C6H5)4]+AgNO3=Ag[B(C6H5)4]↓+KNO3
during the filtration in the operation process, compact ashless quantitative filter paper and a suction filter funnel are used for filtration; during drying, the mixture is dried by an oven, the temperature is controlled at 90 ℃, and precipitates are obtained after 1 hour.
The invention provides an indirect measurement method, which converts potassium element which can not be directly and accurately measured by energy dispersion X-ray fluorescence analysis into silver element which can be directly measured, and then calculates the content of the potassium element by inversion according to the quantity relation of the silver element and the potassium element in a chemical equation, thereby realizing the quantitative analysis of the potassium element in the potash fertilizer by applying the energy dispersion X-ray fluorescence analysis method.
The invention will now be further illustrated with reference to specific examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The process of pretreating a potash fertilizer sample to prepare a sample to be detected is shown in figure 1:
the potash fertilizer mainly contains potassium oxide and phosphorus pentoxide, and in addition, the potash fertilizer also contains trace chlorine and water-insoluble impurities;
weighing 5 parts of potassium fertilizer powder sample with the mass of 0.25g, pouring the potassium fertilizer powder sample into 5 beakers with the volume of 250mL, adding 50mL of distilled water, and fully stirring.
b, stirring and slowly dripping 50mL of sodium tetraphenylborate solution (30g/L) into each beaker, and standing for 20 minutes. Insoluble precipitate and potassium tetraphenylborate precipitate were present in the solution at this time. Filtering and drying the mixed solution to obtain insoluble precipitate and potassium tetraphenylborate precipitate; the main reaction formula is as follows:
K++Na[B(C6H5)4]=K[B(C6H5)4]↓+Na+
and c, transferring the precipitate into a 250mL beaker, adding 100mL of acetone, and fully stirring to dissolve the potassium tetraphenylborate precipitate. 50mL of silver nitrate solution (8.5g/L) was added dropwise with slow stirring, resulting in precipitation of silver tetraphenylboron in the solution. Standing to ensure that the precipitate is complete, wherein the precipitate in the solution is insoluble precipitate and tetraphenylboron silver precipitate; the main reaction formula is as follows:
K[B(C6H5)4]+AgNO3=Ag[B(C6H5)4]↓+KNO3
filtering the mixed solution by using compact ashless quantitative filter paper, drying the mixed solution by using an oven (the temperature is controlled to be about 90 ℃) for 1 hour to obtain precipitates, weighing the total mass of each group of precipitates by using an electronic balance, and weighing 0.3g of a sample to be tabletted.
As shown in fig. 2: in order to ensure that the standard sample and the sample to be detected have similar physical forms and chemical compositions, the preparation process of the standard sample is the same as that of the step a of the sample to be detected when the standard sample is prepared, and the sample is dissolved by distilled water and then filtered. The precipitate after filtration at this time was insoluble precipitate in the potash fertilizer sample. The impurity precipitate and silver nitrate powder were uniformly mixed in a mass ratio of 1:9, 2:8, 3:7, 4:6, 5:5 (i.e., in a gradient ratio of 57.15% silver content, 50.80%, 44.45%, 38.10%, 31.75%) to give a plurality of samples each having a mass of 0.3g, and a standard sample was prepared by a powder tableting method.
And taking a plurality of potassium fertilizer samples, and carrying out sample measurement pretreatment according to the treatment method. When the sample is dissolved by adding distilled water, the soluble substance exists in the solution in the form of ions, and is separated from the insoluble substance. At this time, sodium tetraphenylborate solution is added, and potassium ions are completely converted into potassium tetraphenylborate precipitate. After the precipitate is filtered and dried, acetone and potassium tetraphenylborate are added for dissolution. The potassium tetraphenylboron is completely converted into acetone-insoluble silver tetraphenylboron precipitate by adding silver nitrate solution. After filtering and drying. The samples obtained after the treatment were weighed in turn with an electronic balance, the mass being indicated by Mi. In order to facilitate measurement, a proper amount of sample is selected from the samples, the sample to be measured is manufactured by a powder tabletting method, and the energy dispersion X-ray fluorescence analyzer is waited for measurement.
In order to verify the accuracy of the method, multiple samples were prepared and measured by the method, and the results were averaged and compared with a fused cast glass slide (X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy) method, the results of which are shown in table 1. As can be seen from Table 1, the measurement results of the method for the content of potassium in the potash fertilizer are consistent with the fused and cast glass flake method, and the method is proved to be reliably applicable to the measurement of the content of potassium element in the potash fertilizer.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0003485275320000081
Other embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention following, in general, the principles of the invention and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the invention pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the invention being indicated by the following claims.
It will be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise arrangements described above and shown in the drawings and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims (7)

1. A method for measuring the content of potassium in a potash fertilizer based on an EDXRF method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: pretreating a potash fertilizer sample;
step 2: obtaining a pretreated potash fertilizer sample, and converting a potassium element in the pretreated potash fertilizer sample into a silver element with a larger atomic number through a chemical reaction, so as to obtain a sample to be detected;
and step 3: obtaining the pretreated potash fertilizer sample again, and preparing a standard sample containing silver element;
and 4, step 4: measuring the standard samples by using an energy dispersion X-ray fluorescence analyzer, measuring the fluorescence count of the silver element in each standard sample, and drawing a calibration curve by taking the percentage content of the silver element as an abscissa and the fluorescence count of the silver element as an ordinate;
and 5: and measuring the silver element in the sample to be detected by using an energy dispersion X-ray fluorescence analyzer, detecting the fluorescence count of the silver element, substituting the fluorescence count into a calibration curve to obtain the percentage content of the silver element in the sample to be detected, and calculating to obtain the percentage content of the potassium element in the potash fertilizer sample according to the chemical quantity relationship between the potassium element and the silver element.
2. The method for measuring the content of potassium in potash fertilizer based on the EDXRF method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method for pretreating the potash fertilizer sample is as follows: weighing a plurality of potassium fertilizer powder samples with the same mass, adding distilled water into each potassium fertilizer powder sample, and fully stirring, wherein the parts of the potassium fertilizer powder samples are not less than five.
3. The method for measuring the content of potassium in potash fertilizer based on the EDXRF method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the sample to be measured is as follows:
a. stirring and slowly dropwise adding a sodium tetraphenylborate solution into a plurality of pretreated potassic fertilizer powder samples with the same mass, and standing to obtain insoluble precipitate and potassium tetraphenylborate precipitate. Filtering and drying the mixed solution to obtain insoluble precipitate and potassium tetraphenylborate precipitate;
b. and adding acetone into the insoluble substance precipitate and the tetraphenylboron potassium precipitate, fully stirring to dissolve the tetraphenylboron potassium precipitate, slowly stirring, dropwise adding a silver nitrate solution, standing, filtering and drying the mixed solution to obtain insoluble substance and tetraphenylboron silver precipitate, namely a first precipitate, and performing powder tabletting on a part of the first precipitate to obtain a sample to be detected.
4. The method for measuring the content of potassium in potash fertilizer based on the EDXRF method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the standard sample is as follows: and (2) obtaining a plurality of pretreated potash fertilizer powder samples with the same mass, filtering, washing and drying to obtain a second precipitate, uniformly mixing the second precipitate and silver nitrate powder according to different gradient change proportions of silver content, grinding, and performing powder tabletting to obtain a standard sample.
5. The method for measuring the content of potassium in potash fertilizer based on the EDXRF method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the potash fertilizer sample is a potash fertilizer monopotassium phosphate sample, which contains potassium oxide, phosphorus pentoxide, trace chlorine and water-insoluble impurities.
6. The method for measuring the content of potassium in the potash fertilizer based on the EDXRF method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the reaction formula after stirring and slowly dripping the sodium tetraphenylborate solution into a plurality of pretreated potash fertilizer powder samples with the same mass is as follows:
K++Na[B(C6H5)4]=K[B(C6H5)4]↓+Na+
the reaction formula after adding the silver nitrate solution is as follows:
K[B(C6H5)4]+AgNO3=Ag[B(C6H5)4]↓+KNO3
7. the EDXRF method-based method for measuring the content of potassium in potash fertilizer as claimed in claim 3 or 4, wherein the filtration is carried out by using dense ashless quantitative filter paper and a suction filter funnel;
during drying, the mixture is dried by an oven, the temperature is controlled at 90 ℃, and precipitates are obtained after 1 hour.
CN202210078921.4A 2022-01-24 2022-01-24 Method for measuring potassium content in potash fertilizer based on EDXRF method Pending CN114414604A (en)

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Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106370685A (en) * 2016-08-31 2017-02-01 吴俊逸 Method for determining content of potassium in industrial potassium chloride
RU2634074C1 (en) * 2016-05-04 2017-10-23 федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Северо-Кавказский федеральный университет" Method for determination of concentration of potassium ions in compound fertilizers
CN108226204A (en) * 2018-01-19 2018-06-29 沈阳师范大学 The method that the analysis of applied energy dispersive x-ray fluorescence measures chlorinity in complex fertilizer

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2634074C1 (en) * 2016-05-04 2017-10-23 федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Северо-Кавказский федеральный университет" Method for determination of concentration of potassium ions in compound fertilizers
CN106370685A (en) * 2016-08-31 2017-02-01 吴俊逸 Method for determining content of potassium in industrial potassium chloride
CN108226204A (en) * 2018-01-19 2018-06-29 沈阳师范大学 The method that the analysis of applied energy dispersive x-ray fluorescence measures chlorinity in complex fertilizer

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
湖南化工研究所: "钾矿石及钙镁磷钾复合肥、窑灰钾肥、硅镁钾肥、钾钙肥中钾的分析方法", 化肥工业, no. 1, pages 65 - 70 *

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