CN114414086B - Fiber Bragg grating insulator temperature monitoring system and method based on VCSEL wavelength demodulation - Google Patents
Fiber Bragg grating insulator temperature monitoring system and method based on VCSEL wavelength demodulation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fiber bragg grating insulator temperature monitoring system and a fiber bragg grating insulator temperature monitoring method based on VCSEL wavelength demodulation, wherein the fiber bragg grating insulator temperature monitoring system comprises the following steps: the optical fiber grating temperature sensor is used for monitoring the environment temperature; demodulating the wavelength change of the fiber bragg grating at different temperatures by a fiber bragg grating wavelength demodulation system based on VCSEL to obtain the temperature of a high-voltage end, a low-voltage end and an environment temperature of the composite insulator; in the ad hoc network communication system, the Lora module receives temperature data, and after conversion of the Lora protocol and the Beidou protocol, the temperature data is forwarded to the monitoring terminal through the Beidou module, and early warning is carried out according to the temperature difference between the high-voltage end and the low-voltage end and the ambient temperature. The temperature is obtained by wavelength demodulation through a fiber grating wavelength demodulation system based on VCSEL, and the transmission temperature of an ad hoc network communication system is formed through Beidou and Lora networking, so that real-time online monitoring of the temperature of the composite insulator is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of composite insulator detection, in particular to a fiber bragg grating insulator temperature monitoring system and method based on VCSEL wavelength demodulation.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
In the operation of the power system, the interface defect problem of the composite insulator core rod and the sheath has important influence on the insulation performance of the insulator and the safe and stable operation of the power transmission line, the composite insulator works in a complicated and complicated severe environment formed by a strong electric field, mechanical stress, pollution, temperature and humidity and the like for a long time, the process control of the core rod and the silicon rubber interface is poor, the probability of occurrence of faults is high, and the safe operation of the power system is seriously threatened.
Under the normal running state of the composite insulator, the internal voltage distribution changes along with the position change of the composite insulator, the distribution voltage near the high-voltage end is higher, the middle is slightly lower, the distribution voltage at the low-voltage end is raised, so that the temperature rise of different positions of the composite insulator can be reflected along with the voltage distribution under the normal condition, and the temperature is continuously distributed.
When the composite insulator is damaged outside, cracks appear in the composite insulator, the core rod is poor in material quality or an air gap exists between the core rod and an insulating sheath interface, water vapor and impurities can slowly invade to form electrolyte bubbles, if the electrolyte bubbles are formed at the high-voltage end of the composite insulator, the bubbles are easily broken down due to high field intensity of the high-voltage end so as to generate partial discharge, so that the local heating is caused, and the insulating sheath is aged and cracked.
Under the comprehensive effect of the external environment, the surface is gradually carbonized into a conductive state, so that the insulating sheath of the high-voltage end is damaged, the high field intensity is added to the next section of sheath, the partial discharge is developed step by step to the low-voltage end, the effective insulation distance of the insulator is gradually reduced, and finally the whole insulator is broken down and damaged.
In addition, under normal conditions, the insulation resistance of the composite insulator is large, and the internal leakage current is very small, but when the insulation resistance of a certain part of the high-voltage end of the composite insulator is reduced due to degradation or aging, the leakage current in the insulator can intensively flow through the part, so that the resistance loss is excessive at the part, and local heating occurs. Partial discharge and insulation resistance aging can cause the local heating of the insulator, and abnormal operation conditions of the insulator can be judged by detecting different local temperatures of the insulator and the environment temperature of the power transmission tower.
The method widely used at present is an infrared thermal imaging detection method, and has the main defects that the detection result is easily influenced by an observation visual angle, the detection method has low efficiency, can only carry out targeted tracking detection, and is not suitable for detecting the temperature of an insulator in a large range.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a fiber bragg grating insulator temperature monitoring system and a fiber bragg grating insulator temperature monitoring method based on VCSEL wavelength demodulation, wherein the fiber bragg grating wavelength demodulation system based on the VCSEL is used for carrying out wavelength demodulation to obtain temperature data, an ad hoc network communication system is formed through Beidou and Lora networking, temperature signals are transmitted, and real-time online monitoring of the temperature of a composite insulator of a high-voltage transmission line is achieved.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a fiber grating insulator temperature monitoring system based on VCSEL wavelength demodulation, including: the system comprises a fiber bragg grating insulator, a fiber bragg grating temperature sensor, a fiber bragg grating wavelength demodulation system based on VCSEL and an ad hoc network communication system;
the fiber grating insulator comprises a composite insulator and fiber gratings arranged at a high-voltage end and a low-voltage end of the composite insulator;
the fiber bragg grating temperature sensors are arranged on two sides of the tower head of the power transmission high tower and are used for monitoring the environmental temperature;
the fiber grating wavelength demodulation system based on the VCSEL comprises a multichannel VCSEL wavelength demodulation module and a first Lora module, wherein the multichannel VCSEL wavelength demodulation module is used for demodulating wavelength changes of a fiber grating and a fiber grating temperature sensor of the composite insulator at different temperatures to obtain a high-voltage end temperature, a low-voltage end temperature and an environment temperature of the composite insulator, and the first Lora module is used for sending the high-voltage end temperature, the low-voltage end temperature and the environment temperature of the composite insulator;
the self-networking communication system comprises a Lora+ Beidou base station, a Beidou satellite system and a remote monitoring station, wherein the Lora+ Beidou base station comprises a second Lora module and a Beidou module, the second Lora module receives the high-voltage end temperature, the low-voltage end temperature and the environment temperature of the composite insulator, and after conversion of a Lora protocol and a Beidou protocol, the temperature is forwarded to the remote monitoring station through the Beidou module and the Beidou satellite system so as to calibrate the high-voltage end temperature and the low-voltage end temperature of the composite insulator by utilizing the environment temperature and perform early warning according to the temperature difference of the high-voltage end and the low-voltage end.
As an alternative implementation mode, grooves are formed in the surface of the core rod of the composite insulator, and the fiber bragg grating is pre-buried between the insulating sheath and the grooves in the core rod.
As an alternative implementation mode, the wavelength of the fiber grating is matched with the wavelength scanning range of the multichannel VCSEL wavelength demodulation module, so that each channel of the multichannel VCSEL wavelength demodulation module is uniformly distributed with the fiber grating at one high-voltage end and the fiber grating at one low-voltage end, and the wavelength change of the fiber grating meets the temperature change range of the composite insulator for measuring the temperature.
As an alternative implementation manner, the wavelength scanning range of the multichannel VCSEL wavelength demodulation module is 1527nm-1531nm, and the maximum number of channels is 8, where two channels are connected to two fiber grating temperature sensors for monitoring the ambient temperature, and the two fiber grating temperature sensors are used for providing the ambient reference temperature for the temperature of the composite insulator.
As an alternative implementation manner, the first Lora module and the beidou module periodically send temperature data through a radio frequency antenna.
As an alternative implementation manner, the second Lora module converts the temperature into a standard instruction, the Beidou module receives the Beidou instruction in the standard instruction, and sends the Beidou instruction to the Beidou satellite system through the radio frequency antenna, and the Beidou satellite system transfers the temperature to the remote monitoring station.
As an alternative implementation manner, the remote monitoring station comprises a Beidou receiving terminal and a monitoring terminal, wherein the Beidou receiving terminal is used for converting Beidou satellite data forwarded by a Beidou satellite system into standard data frames, and transmitting the standard data frames to the monitoring terminal through a serial port after protocol conversion.
As an alternative implementation manner, the remote monitoring station calibrates the temperatures of the high-voltage end and the low-voltage end of the composite insulator by using the ambient temperature, and performs early warning according to the temperature difference between the high-voltage end and the low-voltage end.
As an alternative embodiment, the temperature monitoring system further comprises a power supply system, wherein the power supply system comprises a storage battery, a solar charging panel and a charge-discharge controller; the solar charging battery panel is arranged in a low-voltage area of the tower head and converts solar energy into electric energy to charge the storage battery.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a working method of the fiber bragg grating insulator temperature monitoring system based on VCSEL wavelength demodulation according to the first aspect, including:
respectively pre-embedding fiber bragg gratings at a high-voltage end and a low-voltage end of the composite insulator;
fiber bragg grating sensors for monitoring the ambient temperature are respectively arranged at two sides of the tower head of the power transmission high tower;
demodulating the wavelength changes of the fiber bragg grating at different temperatures by a multichannel VCSEL wavelength demodulation module to obtain the high-voltage end temperature, the low-voltage end temperature and the environment temperature of the composite insulator, and periodically sending temperature data to a Lora+ Beidou communication base station by a first Lora module;
the second Lora module receives the high-voltage end temperature, the low-voltage end temperature and the environmental temperature of the composite insulator, and after conversion of the Lora protocol and the Beidou protocol, the temperature is forwarded to a remote monitoring station through the Beidou module so as to calibrate the temperatures of the high-voltage end and the low-voltage end of the composite insulator by utilizing the environmental temperature, and early warning is carried out according to the temperature difference between the high-voltage end and the low-voltage end.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the fiber bragg grating insulator temperature monitoring system based on VCSEL wavelength demodulation has the advantages of low cost, high detection precision and wide monitoring range, can monitor the temperature of the composite insulator in real time, and realizes real-time online monitoring of the temperature of the composite insulator on the whole high-voltage transmission line by forming an ad hoc network communication system through Beidou and Lora networking.
The fiber grating wavelength demodulation system based on VCSEL in the fiber grating insulator temperature monitoring system based on VCSEL wavelength demodulation provided by the invention has a simple structure, reduces the power consumption and the production cost of the system, and can realize real-time and online monitoring of the temperature of the insulator.
The fiber bragg grating insulator temperature monitoring system and method based on VCSEL wavelength demodulation provided by the invention can utilize a solar power supply system, and the composite insulator temperature signal is transmitted through the ad hoc network communication system, so that compared with an infrared thermal imaging detection method, the detection efficiency is high, periodic sampling inspection and manual inspection are avoided, and the fiber bragg grating insulator temperature monitoring system and method based on VCSEL wavelength demodulation are suitable for insulator temperature monitoring of the whole high-voltage transmission system and are suitable for popularization and use.
Additional aspects of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a fiber grating insulator temperature monitoring system based on VCSEL wavelength demodulation provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a fiber grating insulator in a fiber grating insulator temperature monitoring system based on VCSEL wavelength demodulation according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a fiber grating wavelength demodulation system based on VCSEL in a fiber grating insulator temperature monitoring system based on VCSEL wavelength demodulation according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a lora+ beidou communication base station in the fiber bragg grating insulator temperature monitoring system based on VCSEL wavelength demodulation provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a beidou satellite system in a fiber bragg grating insulator temperature monitoring system based on VCSEL wavelength demodulation provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a remote monitoring station in a fiber grating insulator temperature monitoring system based on VCSEL wavelength demodulation provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
the system comprises a high-voltage end fiber bragg grating, 2, an optical fiber, 3, a low-voltage end fiber bragg grating, 4, a white-tube optical fiber, 5, an optical cable, 6, a fiber bragg grating temperature sensor, 7, a first power supply system, 8, a multichannel VCSEL wavelength demodulation module, 9, a first Lora module, 10-1, a first radio frequency antenna, 10-2, a second radio frequency antenna, 10-3, a third radio frequency antenna, 10-4, a fourth radio frequency antenna, 11, a second power supply system, 12, a second Lora module, 13, a Beidou module, 14, a processing module, 15, a Beidou receiving terminal, 16, a monitoring terminal, 17 and a Beidou satellite system.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
the invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples.
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms also are intended to include the plural forms, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and "comprising" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, such as, for example, processes, methods, systems, products or devices that comprise a series of steps or units, are not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are expressly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not expressly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products or devices.
Embodiments of the invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, this embodiment provides a fiber grating insulator temperature monitoring system based on VCSEL wavelength demodulation, including: the system comprises a fiber bragg grating insulator, a fiber bragg grating temperature sensor, a fiber bragg grating wavelength demodulation system based on VCSEL and an ad hoc network communication system;
the fiber grating insulator comprises a composite insulator and fiber gratings arranged at a high-voltage end and a low-voltage end of the composite insulator;
the fiber bragg grating temperature sensors are arranged on two sides of the tower head of the power transmission high tower and are used for monitoring the environmental temperature;
the fiber grating wavelength demodulation system based on the VCSEL comprises a multichannel VCSEL wavelength demodulation module and a first Lora module, wherein the multichannel VCSEL wavelength demodulation module is used for demodulating wavelength changes of a fiber grating and a fiber grating temperature sensor of the composite insulator at different temperatures to obtain a high-voltage end temperature, a low-voltage end temperature and an environment temperature of the composite insulator, and the first Lora module is used for sending the high-voltage end temperature, the low-voltage end temperature and the environment temperature of the composite insulator;
the self-networking communication system comprises a Lora+ Beidou base station, a Beidou satellite system and a remote monitoring station, wherein the Lora+ Beidou base station comprises a second Lora module and a Beidou module, the second Lora module receives the high-voltage end temperature, the low-voltage end temperature and the environment temperature of the composite insulator, and after conversion of a Lora protocol and a Beidou protocol, the temperature is forwarded to the remote monitoring station through the Beidou module and the Beidou satellite system so as to calibrate the high-voltage end temperature and the low-voltage end temperature of the composite insulator by utilizing the environment temperature and perform early warning according to the temperature difference of the high-voltage end and the low-voltage end.
As shown in fig. 2, the fiber grating insulator comprises a composite insulator, a high-voltage end fiber grating 1, an optical fiber 2, a low-voltage end fiber grating 3, a white-sleeve optical fiber 4 and an optical cable 5;
in this embodiment, grooves are formed on the surface of the core rod of the composite insulator, and the high-voltage end fiber bragg grating 1 and the low-voltage end fiber bragg grating 3 for temperature monitoring are respectively embedded in the high-voltage end and the low-voltage end of the composite insulator, so that the high-voltage end fiber bragg grating 1 and the low-voltage end fiber bragg grating 3 are arranged between the insulation sheath and the grooves on the core rod of the composite insulator.
As an alternative implementation manner, the wavelength selection and pre-embedding positions of the fiber bragg grating include:
a high-voltage end fiber grating 1 is pre-buried at a specific position (according to the actual length of an insulator) between the high-voltage end insulating sheath and the core rod, the wavelength is 1527.7nm at 30 ℃, and the corresponding temperature measuring range is-40-140 ℃;
a low-voltage end fiber bragg grating 3 is pre-buried between the low-voltage end insulating sheath and the core rod (according to the actual length of the insulator), the wavelength is 1530.1nm at 30 ℃, and the corresponding temperature measuring range is-40-60 ℃;
the tail fiber of the optical fiber 2 at the high-voltage end of the composite insulator is reserved for 5cm to extend into the high-voltage end fitting, so that background noise caused by reflection of the tail fiber end of the optical fiber 2 is prevented;
the optical fiber 2 at the 10cm position of the low-voltage end of the composite insulator is sleeved with a white sleeve and extends to the outside, and the externally sleeved white sleeve optical fiber 4 is connected to an optical cable 5 inside a low-voltage end fitting and is connected to a VCSEL-based fiber bragg grating wavelength demodulation system at the low-voltage end of the high-voltage tower head of the power transmission through the optical cable 5.
From a number of actual running tests it is known that: the temperature of the high-voltage end and the lower-voltage end of the fiber grating insulator is changed by about 0.5-2 ℃ during normal operation; when the high voltage end of the insulator is partially discharged, the temperature of the lower voltage end of the high voltage end is changed by about 5-10 ℃.
As shown in fig. 3, the VCSEL-based fiber bragg grating wavelength demodulation system includes a first power supply system 7, a multi-channel VCSEL wavelength demodulation module 8, a first Lora module 9, and a first radio frequency antenna 10-1; the multichannel VCSEL wavelength demodulation module 8 is provided with 8 data channels, the optical cable 5 is connected with the channels of the multichannel VCSEL wavelength demodulation module 8, the first power supply system 7 supplies power to the multichannel VCSEL wavelength demodulation module 8 and the first Lora module 9, the multichannel VCSEL wavelength demodulation module 8 and the first Lora module 9 are provided with data communication interfaces, and the first Lora module 9 transmits data through the first radio frequency antenna 10-1.
In this embodiment, the power supply voltage of the VCSEL-based fiber bragg grating wavelength demodulation system is 12V, the overall power consumption is 2.4W, the VCSEL-based fiber bragg grating wavelength demodulation system is placed in a low-voltage area of a power transmission high tower head, the multichannel VCSEL wavelength demodulation module 8 is used for demodulating the fiber bragg grating wavelengths of a high-voltage end and a low-voltage end of a composite insulator on the power transmission high tower and the wavelength of a fiber bragg grating temperature sensor for monitoring the ambient temperature, so as to obtain temperature data of the composite insulator, and the temperature data is in communication connection with a second Lora module 12 of an ad hoc network communication system through a first Lora module 9 to periodically send the temperature data to a lora+beidou communication base station.
The wavelength scanning range of the multichannel VCSEL wavelength demodulation module 8 is 1527nm-1531nm, the maximum channel number is 8, wherein two channels are connected with two fiber bragg grating temperature sensors 6 for monitoring the ambient temperature, the two fiber bragg grating temperature sensors are respectively placed on two sides of a power transmission high tower head to monitor the ambient temperature, an ambient reference temperature is provided for the temperature sensor in the composite insulator, and a temperature pressure chip is integrated in the multichannel VCSEL wavelength demodulation module and is used for measuring the ambient temperature so as to correct the temperature value measured by the fiber bragg grating.
In this embodiment, the wavelength of the temperature monitoring fiber bragg grating is matched with the wavelength scanning range of the multichannel VCSEL wavelength demodulation module, so that each channel of the multichannel VCSEL wavelength demodulation module is allocated with one high-voltage end fiber bragg grating 1 and one low-voltage end fiber bragg grating 3, and the wavelength variation satisfies the temperature variation range of the composite insulator for measuring the temperature, namely, the requirement of the temperature monitoring range.
In this embodiment, the first power supply system 7 is connected to the multichannel VCSEL wavelength demodulation module 8, and the multichannel VCSEL wavelength demodulation module 8 acquires the solar rechargeable battery panel and the battery state in real time, and transmits the battery state data through the first Lora module 9.
In the embodiment, the temperature monitoring fiber bragg gratings are embedded at the high-voltage end and the low-voltage end between the insulating sheath and the core rod of the composite insulator, the fiber bragg grating temperature sensor for monitoring the ambient temperature is arranged on the head of the power transmission high-tower, the temperature information monitored by the fiber bragg gratings at the high-voltage end and the low-voltage end of the composite insulator and the ambient temperature information are demodulated by utilizing the multichannel VCSEL wavelength demodulation module, the thermal effect generated by partial discharge inside the insulator and the problem of insulation performance reduction of the insulator caused by the thermal effect and insulation resistance aging are effectively judged according to the temperature change of the high-voltage end and the low-voltage end, and therefore the occurrence of insulator breakdown or thermal expansion explosion accidents is prevented.
As shown in fig. 4, the lora+beidou communication base station comprises a second power supply system 11, a second Lora module 12, a beidou module 13, a processing module 14, a second radio frequency antenna 10-2 and a third radio frequency antenna 10-3; the second Lora module 12 receives temperature data through the second rf antenna 10-2, and the processing module 14 is configured to convert the Lora protocol and the beidou protocol, and the beidou module 13 sends the temperature data through the third rf antenna 10-3.
As shown in fig. 5, the beidou satellite system 17 serves as a transfer station to transmit beidou satellite data.
As shown in fig. 6, the remote monitoring station includes a beidou receiving terminal 15, a monitoring terminal 16 and a fourth radio frequency antenna 10-4, where the beidou receiving terminal 15 receives beidou satellite data through the fourth radio frequency antenna 10-4, converts the beidou satellite data forwarded by the beidou satellite system 17 into a standard data frame, and sends the standard data frame to the monitoring terminal 16 through a serial port after protocol conversion.
In this embodiment, a first Lora module 9 of the fiber grating wavelength demodulation system based on the VCSEL is in communication connection with a second Lora module 12 of a lora+ beidou communication base station through an antenna, and a beidou module 13 of the lora+ beidou communication base station performs satellite communication with a beidou satellite system 17; the first Lora module 9 on the 14-70 high towers is used as a group, temperature data obtained by the multichannel VCSEL wavelength demodulation module is transmitted to the Beidou satellite system 17 through the Lora+ Beidou communication base station, and is transmitted to the remote monitoring station after being transferred through the Beidou satellite system 17. The specific communication steps are as follows:
1) The first Lora module 9 periodically sends temperature data to the Lora+ Beidou communication base station through the first radio frequency antenna 10-1;
2) The second Lora module 12 in the Lora+ Beidou communication base station converts temperature data into standard instructions, the processing module 14 controls conversion of Lora protocols and Beidou protocols, then the Beidou module 13 receives Beidou instructions in the standard instructions from the processing module 14, sends the Beidou instructions to the Beidou satellite system 17 through the third radio frequency antenna 10-3, and transfers the Beidou instructions to the remote monitoring station after being transferred by the Beidou satellite system 17;
3) The Beidou receiving terminal 15 in the remote monitoring station converts Beidou satellite data into standard data frames, and sends the standard data frames to the monitoring terminal 16 through a serial port after protocol conversion, and the monitoring terminal 16 receives all the Beidou satellite data, processes the data and opens a network interface to provide more services for users.
In this embodiment, the first power supply system 7 and the second power supply system 11 each include a storage battery, a solar charging panel, and a charge-discharge controller;
the storage battery supplies power for the whole monitoring and early warning system, the capacity meets the requirements of 6 days in continuous overcast and rainy days, the reserved capacity is charged and discharged, the loss is caused during working, the required capacity is 12V,44AH, and the method is specifically calculated as follows: 0.2Ax24 h x 6 days ≡80%. Times.120% ≡44AH;
solar cell panel converts sunlight into electric energy, and the demand peak value satisfies that on average, effective illumination time received every day is 4.5 hours, cell panel is reserved, working loss etc., and demand peak value (WP) is 161W, specifically calculates as: 17.4V× (0.2A×24h×6)/(4.5 h×120% ×120% ≡161W);
the solar charging panel converts solar energy into electric energy to charge the storage battery; the solar rechargeable battery panel is arranged in a low-voltage area on the tower head so as to convert solar energy into electric energy and store the electric energy in the storage battery, and each power supply unit can support an independent monitoring and early warning system to work normally on each power transmission high tower.
In this embodiment, the temperature monitoring system is driven by a chargeable storage battery, and utilizes the fiber bragg grating to monitor the temperature changes of the high-voltage end and the low-voltage end of the composite insulator in real time, and uses the temperature changes of the high-voltage end and the low-voltage end as one of the parameters for judging the partial discharge inside the composite insulator and the aging of the insulation resistance, so that the accurate online temperature monitoring of the working state and the environment of the composite insulator on the power transmission high tower is realized, the accurate information is provided for the abnormal temperature condition possibly occurring in the composite insulator, and the early warning is provided for the possible faults possibly occurring in the high-voltage composite insulator.
In the embodiment, the temperature monitoring system is arranged on a high tower in areas with difficult manual maintenance such as the wild areas and mountain areas, the first Lora modules on the 14-70 high towers are taken as a group, 286 Lora+ Beidou communication base stations are arranged along the 2000km transmission line, so that the temperature data of all the composite insulators monitored on the whole high-voltage transmission line are transmitted to the monitoring terminal, and the real-time online monitoring of the internal temperature of the composite insulators of the whole high-voltage transmission line can be realized.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a working method of the fiber bragg grating insulator temperature monitoring system based on VCSEL wavelength demodulation, which comprises the following steps:
respectively pre-embedding fiber bragg gratings at a high-voltage end and a low-voltage end of the composite insulator;
fiber bragg grating sensors for monitoring the ambient temperature are respectively arranged at two sides of the tower head of the power transmission high tower;
demodulating the wavelength changes of the fiber bragg grating at different temperatures by a multichannel VCSEL wavelength demodulation module to obtain the high-voltage end temperature, the low-voltage end temperature and the environment temperature of the composite insulator, and periodically sending temperature data to a Lora+ Beidou communication base station by a first Lora module;
determining the high tower position of the composite insulator by using a fiber bragg grating wavelength demodulation system based on the VCSEL by using a Lora channel, determining the specific position of the composite insulator on the high tower by using the number of channels accessed by the fiber bragg grating of the composite insulator, and transmitting the acquired temperature data to a Lora+Beidou communication base station by using a second Lora module;
the Lora+ Beidou communication base station transmits the received temperature data to a Beidou satellite through a Beidou module, and the received temperature data is transmitted to a remote monitoring station after being transferred by the Beidou satellite;
the Beidou receiving terminal in the remote monitoring station converts Beidou satellite data into standard data frames, and sends the standard data frames to the monitoring terminal through the serial port after protocol conversion, and the monitoring terminal receives all the Beidou satellite data;
the temperature difference threshold value is preset, 85% of the temperature difference between the high-voltage end and the low-voltage end is used as a first-stage temperature early warning, 60% of the temperature difference is used as a second-stage temperature early warning threshold value, and meanwhile, a relative threshold value early warning method is adopted, and when the temperature difference change per minute is larger than the temperature difference threshold value, the temperature change rate alarm is triggered.
While the foregoing description of the embodiments of the present invention has been presented in conjunction with the drawings, it should be understood that it is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, but rather, it is intended to cover all modifications or variations within the scope of the invention as defined by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. Fiber bragg grating insulator temperature monitoring system based on VCSEL wavelength demodulation, characterized by comprising: the system comprises a fiber bragg grating insulator, a fiber bragg grating sensor, a fiber bragg grating wavelength demodulation system based on VCSEL and an ad hoc network communication system;
the fiber grating insulator comprises a composite insulator and fiber gratings arranged at a high-voltage end and a low-voltage end of the composite insulator;
the fiber bragg grating temperature sensors are arranged on two sides of the tower head of the power transmission high tower and are used for monitoring the environmental temperature;
the VCSEL-based fiber bragg grating wavelength demodulation system comprises a multichannel VCSEL wavelength demodulation module and a first Lora module, wherein the multichannel VCSEL wavelength demodulation module is used for demodulating wavelength changes of the fiber bragg grating at different temperatures to obtain a high-voltage end temperature, a low-voltage end temperature and an environment temperature of the composite insulator, and the first Lora module is used for sending the high-voltage end temperature, the low-voltage end temperature and the environment temperature of the composite insulator;
the self-organizing network communication system comprises a Lora+ Beidou communication base station, a Beidou satellite system and a remote monitoring station, wherein the Lora+ Beidou communication base station comprises a second Lora module and a Beidou module, the second Lora module receives the high-voltage end temperature, the low-voltage end temperature and the environment temperature of the composite insulator, and after conversion of a Lora protocol and a Beidou protocol, the temperature is forwarded to the remote monitoring station through the Beidou module and the Beidou satellite system, and early warning is carried out according to the temperature difference between the high-voltage end and the low-voltage end and the environment temperature.
2. The fiber grating insulator temperature monitoring system based on VCSEL wavelength demodulation according to claim 1 wherein grooves are formed in the surface of the core rod of the composite insulator, and the fiber grating is pre-buried between the insulation sheath and the grooves on the core rod.
3. The fiber grating insulator temperature monitoring system based on VCSEL wavelength demodulation according to claim 1, wherein the wavelength of the fiber grating is matched with the wavelength scanning range of the multichannel VCSEL wavelength demodulation module, so that each channel of the multichannel VCSEL wavelength demodulation module is respectively distributed with the fiber grating at one high-voltage end and the fiber grating at one low-voltage end, and the wavelength change of the fiber grating meets the temperature change range of the composite insulator temperature measurement.
4. The fiber grating insulator temperature monitoring system based on VCSEL wavelength demodulation according to claim 1, wherein the wavelength scanning range of the multichannel VCSEL wavelength demodulation module is 1527nm-1531nm, the maximum channel number is 8, and two channels are connected with two fiber grating temperature sensors for monitoring the ambient temperature and are used for providing the ambient reference temperature for the temperature of the composite insulator.
5. The VCSEL wavelength demodulation based fiber grating insulator temperature monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the first Lora module and the beidou module periodically transmit temperature data through a radio frequency antenna.
6. The fiber bragg grating insulator temperature monitoring system based on VCSEL wavelength demodulation of claim 1, wherein the second Lora module converts the temperature into a standard command, and the beidou module receives the beidou command in the standard command and sends the beidou command to a beidou satellite system through a radio frequency antenna, and the beidou satellite system transfers the beidou command to a remote monitoring station.
7. The fiber bragg grating insulator temperature monitoring system based on VCSEL wavelength demodulation according to claim 1, wherein the remote monitoring station comprises a Beidou receiving terminal and a monitoring terminal, the Beidou receiving terminal is used for converting Beidou satellite data forwarded by a Beidou satellite system into standard data frames, and the standard data frames are transmitted to the monitoring terminal through a serial port after protocol conversion.
8. The fiber grating insulator temperature monitoring system based on VCSEL wavelength demodulation according to claim 1, wherein the remote monitoring station uses the ambient temperature to calibrate the temperature of the high voltage end and the low voltage end of the composite insulator, and pre-warns according to the temperature difference between the high voltage end and the low voltage end.
9. The fiber bragg grating insulator temperature monitoring system based on VCSEL wavelength demodulation of claim 1, further comprising a power supply system including a storage battery, a solar charging panel, and a charge-discharge controller; the solar charging battery panel is arranged in a low-voltage area of the tower head and converts solar energy into electric energy to charge the storage battery.
10. A method of operating a fiber grating insulator temperature monitoring system based on VCSEL wavelength demodulation according to any of claims 1-9, comprising:
respectively pre-embedding fiber bragg gratings at a high-voltage end and a low-voltage end of the composite insulator;
fiber bragg grating temperature sensors for monitoring the ambient temperature are respectively arranged at two sides of the tower head of the power transmission high tower;
demodulating the wavelength changes of the fiber bragg grating at different temperatures by a multichannel VCSEL wavelength demodulation module to obtain the high-voltage end temperature, the low-voltage end temperature and the environment temperature of the composite insulator, and periodically sending temperature data to a Lora+ Beidou communication base station by a first Lora module;
the second Lora module receives the high-voltage end temperature, the low-voltage end temperature and the environment temperature of the composite insulator, and after the conversion of the Lora protocol and the Beidou protocol, the temperature is forwarded to a remote monitoring station through the Beidou module so as to perform early warning according to the temperature difference between the high-voltage end and the low-voltage end and the environment temperature.
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