CN114413959B - Multifunctional roadway fire experiment platform and method - Google Patents
Multifunctional roadway fire experiment platform and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114413959B CN114413959B CN202111638977.2A CN202111638977A CN114413959B CN 114413959 B CN114413959 B CN 114413959B CN 202111638977 A CN202111638977 A CN 202111638977A CN 114413959 B CN114413959 B CN 114413959B
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- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
The invention provides a multifunctional roadway fire experiment platform which comprises a roadway main body, a base, an air duct, a ventilation device, a monitoring device, a simulated fire source, a belt conveyor and a tray, wherein the roadway main body comprises a plurality of sub-roadways which are identical in structure and are detachably connected sequentially through flanges, the roadway main body is arranged on one side above the base, the ventilation device is slidably arranged on the other side of the base, two sub-roadways are arranged at two ends of the roadway main body, one sub-roadway opening end is connected with the air duct, the air duct is detachably arranged between the sub-roadway, and the other sub-roadway opening end is in butt joint with or separated from the ventilation device. The invention also provides an experimental method of the multifunctional roadway fire experiment platform. The invention can simulate the change rule of the smoke, temperature and ceiling stress in the roadway main body under the conditions of different positions, different roadway slope ratios and movement states of the fire source in the roadway, and has the advantages of multifunction, convenient assembly and good installability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of roadway fire experiment, and relates to a multifunctional roadway fire experiment platform and method.
Background
Along with the development of tunnel engineering such as railways, highways, coal mines and the like, the scale and the number of long tunnels are increased, and in order to ensure the safe operation of the tunnels, the design of ventilation, smoke discharge, fire extinguishment and the like in the tunnels is guided through simulation experiments. The full-size and large-size experimental platform is high in cost and low in actual operability, so that the small-size simulation experiment research is particularly important in a roadway fire research method and is widely applied.
The current small-size simulation roadway experiment platform has the following defects:
(1) The common roadway fire experimental model usually adopts a blow-out method or a fuel burnout method when extinguishing fire, and the method has low fire extinguishing speed and is easy to damage an experimental platform.
(2) The common roadway fire experimental model only adopts locally arranged glass windows, so that the flow field behavior characteristics of the whole fire smoke layer cannot be observed.
(3) The common roadway fire experimental model only considers the influence of slope comparison on roadway fire experiment under the horizontal state.
(4) Common roadway fire experimental models cannot measure the influence of fire smoke on roadway ceiling pressure.
(5) The fire sources in the common roadway fire experimental model are subjected to experimental study in a fixed mode, and related measurement is never carried out on the fire sources at different positions in space.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a roadway fire simulation experiment platform and a roadway fire simulation experiment method which are complete in function, safe and reliable.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a multifunctional tunnel fire experiment platform, including tunnel main part, base, wind channel, ventilation unit, monitoring devices, simulation fire source, band conveyer, tray, the tunnel main part includes a plurality of structures the same and pass through the sub-tunnel of flange detachable connection in proper order, and the tunnel main part is arranged in base top one side, installs ventilation unit in the opposite side of base slidable, is located two sub-tunnels at tunnel main part both ends, and one sub-tunnel open end is connected with the wind channel, and the detachable installation is located between wind channel and the sub-tunnel, and another sub-tunnel open end is docked or is separated with ventilation unit, monitoring devices includes temperature test system, stress test system, flue gas flow field monitoring system, camera and computer be equipped with band conveyer in the tunnel main part, be equipped with the tray on the band conveyer, the simulation fire source is placed in the tray; the monitoring device comprises a temperature testing system, a stress testing system and a smoke flow field monitoring system, wherein the stress testing system and the smoke flow field monitoring system are arranged in a roadway main body, a camera is arranged outside the roadway main body, a computer is respectively connected with the temperature testing system, the stress testing system, the smoke flow field monitoring system and the camera, and hydraulic struts are arranged below the base and below the belt conveyor;
the sub-roadway comprises a front half-arch metal frame and a rear half-arch metal frame which are arranged in parallel, a first side plate is arranged on the left side of the two half-arch metal frames, the first side plate is fixed with the two half-arch metal frames in a sealing mode, an arched roadway ceiling is arranged at the top end of the two half-arch metal frames, the roadway ceiling is fixed with the two half-arch metal frames in a sealing mode and between the top ends of the first side plates, a second side plate is arranged on the right side of the two half-arch metal frames, the top ends of the second side plates are connected with the roadway ceiling in a rotatable mode, a bottom plate is arranged at the bottom of the two half-arch metal frames, the bottom end faces of the bottom plate and the bottom faces of the two half-arch metal frames are fixed in a sealing mode, and a lock catch used for locking the second side plates is arranged at the bottom end of the half-arch metal frames at the front end.
Further, a retractable rolling shutter door is arranged on the semicircular arch-shaped metal frame at the opening end of the sub-roadway connected with the air duct.
Further, the first side plate is made of a flame-retardant stainless steel material Q235 steel plate, the second side plate is made of visual high-temperature-resistant glass, and the roadway ceiling is made of double-layer high-temperature-resistant fireproof glass.
Further, a spraying device is arranged in the roadway main body and comprises a high-pressure nitrogen bottle, a pressure reducing valve, an emptying valve, a blow-down valve, a water inlet valve, a water storage tank, a water outlet valve, a flowmeter and a fine water mist nozzle, a first water through pipeline and a first ventilation pipeline are arranged above the water storage tank, a blow-down pipeline is arranged below the water storage tank, and a blow-down valve is arranged on the blow-down pipeline; the utility model discloses a sub-tunnel, including first vent pipe, second vent pipe, high-pressure nitrogen gas bottle, relief valve, water outlet valve and flowmeter are equipped with on the first vent pipe be equipped with the water intaking valve first vent pipe is equipped with the exhaust valve first vent pipe is connected with the high-pressure nitrogen gas bottle through the second vent pipe, is equipped with the bottle valve on the high-pressure nitrogen gas bottle, installs the relief valve on the second vent pipe, and first vent pipe is connected with the thin water smoke nozzle through the second vent pipe be equipped with outlet valve and flowmeter on the second vent pipe, thin water smoke nozzle is fixed on the tunnel ceiling of sub-tunnel, and water storage tank and high-pressure nitrogen gas bottle are placed on the bottom plate of sub-tunnel.
Further, the temperature test system comprises a plurality of K-type armored thermocouples and a data acquisition module, wherein the K-type armored thermocouples are arranged in each sub-roadway, the K-type armored thermocouples are connected with the data acquisition module, the data acquisition module is connected with a computer, and the data acquisition module acquires temperature data measured by the K-type armored thermocouples and transmits the temperature data to the computer.
Further, two K-shaped armored thermocouples are symmetrically arranged below the tunnel ceiling of each sub-tunnel, one sub-tunnel is arranged at each interval in the tunnel main body after the plurality of sub-tunnels are connected, three K-shaped armored thermocouples are arranged below the tunnel ceiling in each sub-tunnel, and two K-shaped armored thermocouples are respectively arranged on the inner sides of the first side plate and the second side plate.
Further, the stress test system comprises three stress pieces, wherein the three stress pieces are arranged on the inner wall surface of the tunnel ceiling of each sub tunnel and are respectively positioned at the top point of the tunnel ceiling and at the two sides of the top point.
Further, the flue gas flow field monitoring system is a laser sheet light source and is arranged on the inner wall of the first side plate and used for observing the movement track of flue gas.
Further, the ventilation device comprises a negative pressure variable frequency fan and a rectifying tube, the rectifying tube is arranged at the front end of the negative pressure variable frequency fan, two sides above the base are respectively provided with a linear sliding rail along the longitudinal direction, and two sides at the bottom end of the rectifying tube and the negative pressure variable frequency fan are respectively in sliding connection with the linear sliding rails at two sides above the base through sliding blocks.
The invention also provides an experimental method of the multifunctional roadway fire experiment platform, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: measuring the tightness of the device;
step 1-1, installing a roadway main body: connecting a plurality of sub-roadways into a roadway main body, connecting semicircular arch-shaped metal frames of adjacent sub-roadways through flanges, sealing the connection parts of the adjacent sub-roadways by adopting aluminum foil glass fiber adhesive tapes, placing the roadway main body above a base, connecting the roadway main body with an air duct, and then sliding a ventilation device above the base to butt joint an opening at the other end of the roadway main body so as to seal the roadway main body;
step 1-2, starting a ventilation device, blowing air to a roadway main body, and checking whether the roadway main body has air leakage or not;
step 1-3, if no air leakage exists, the sealing performance of the experimental device is good; if the air leakage exists, the air leakage position is re-sealed by adopting an aluminum foil glass fiber adhesive tape;
after the sealing is completed, continuing to start the ventilation device, and repeating the steps 1-2 and 1-3 until no air leakage exists in the longitudinal direction of the roadway;
step 2: simulating the heat release rate and stability measurement of a fire source;
step 2-1, selecting a simulated fire source;
step 2-2, putting the simulated fire source into a tray for weighing, and recording the weight m of the tray 0 The total weight m of the tray and the simulated fire source, and the size of the tray;
step 2-3, the roller shutter door is pulled down to the bottom of the sub-tunnel, the sub-tunnel is communicated with the air duct, the ventilation device is closed, a tray containing a simulated fire source is placed on a belt conveyor in a tunnel main body under the windless condition, a combustion test is carried out, and the combustion time is t 1 、t 2 、t 3 … t n When the burning time interval is 30s, the residual mass m of the simulated fire source is respectively recorded 1 ，m 2 ，m 3 ，… m n Fitting the recorded data to obtain a relationship of the burning quality and the speed of the simulated fire source under the windless condition, changing the size of the tray, and carrying out repeated experiments;
step 2-4, starting a ventilation device, and performing the step 2-3 under the windy condition to obtain a relation of the combustion quality and the rate of the simulated fire source under the windy condition;
step 2-5, designing the size and the weight of the tray for experiments according to the relationship of the combustion quality and the velocity of the simulated fire source under the windless condition obtained in the step 2-3, the relationship of the combustion quality and the velocity of the simulated fire source under the windless condition obtained in the step 2-4 and the requirements of the experimental simulated fire source;
step 2-6, carrying out the operations of step 2-3 and step 2-4 on the designed tray and the simulated fire source again, and determining that the power of the simulated fire source meets the experimental conditions;
step 3: installing and debugging a test bed;
step 3-1, respectively butting the ventilation device and the air duct with the roadway main body;
step 3-2, adjusting the hydraulic prop below the base to the height required by the experiment;
step 3-3, connecting a temperature test system, a stress test system, a flue gas flow field monitoring system and a camera with a computer, confirming that all equipment is well connected, and preparing data acquisition and recording;
step 4: simulating the placement and experiment of a fire source;
step 4-1, placing the simulated fire source which is designed in the step 2-6 and meets the experimental conditions in a tray on the belt conveyor by opening a second side plate of the sub-roadway;
step 4-2, igniting a fire source;
step 4-3, closing the second side plate, locking the second side plate through a lock catch, and opening the ventilation device;
step 5: starting an experiment, and collecting data of a temperature test system, a stress test system, a flue gas flow field monitoring system and a camera by a computer;
step 6: the roadway slope ratio is adjusted by adjusting the height of the hydraulic support column under the base, and the steps 4-5 are repeated to finish data acquisition at different roadway slope ratios;
step 7: and (5) repeating the steps 4-5 by adjusting the height of the hydraulic support column under the belt conveyor in the roadway main body, so as to complete data acquisition when the simulated fire sources are at different heights.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The experimental platform is convenient to assemble, the plurality of sub-roadways are spliced to form the roadway main body, and the ventilation device is slidably connected with the base, so that experimental operation is convenient.
(2) The tunnel ceiling and the second side plate of the sub-tunnel are made of glass, so that the flow field behavior characteristics of the whole fire smoke layer can be observed.
(3) According to the invention, the hydraulic support posts are arranged below the base and below the belt conveyor, so that the measurement of simulated fire sources under different roadway slope ratio factors can be realized, and the change rules of smoke, temperature and ceiling stress in the roadway main body can be realized. The data acquisition of the simulated fire sources at different heights can be realized by adjusting the height of the hydraulic support column under the belt conveyor in the roadway main body.
(4) According to the invention, the stress test system is arranged on the tunnel ceiling, so that the influence of fire smoke on the pressure of the tunnel ceiling can be measured.
(5) According to the invention, the belt conveyor is arranged in the roadway main body, and the simulated fire source moves on the belt conveyor by starting the belt conveyor for transmission, so that the change rule of smoke, temperature and ceiling stress in the roadway main body under the movement state of the simulated fire source can be measured.
(6) According to the invention, the rolling door is arranged on the roadway main body, and the change rule of fire smoke, temperature and ceiling stress in the roadway can be studied in the plugging process of the roadway or under different plugging proportions.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a multifunctional roadway fire experiment platform;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of a sub-roadway of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a spray device according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the belt conveyor of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. the main body of the roadway, 101, the sub roadway, 1011, the semicircular arch-shaped metal frame, 1012, the first side plate, 1013, the roadway ceiling, 1014, the second side plate, 1015, the bottom plate, 1016, the lock catch, 1017, the handle, 2, the base, 201, the linear sliding rail, 3, the air duct, 4, the simulated fire source, 5, the belt conveyor, 6, the tray, 7, the temperature test system, 8, the stress test system, 9, the flue gas flow field monitoring system, 10, the camera, 11, the hydraulic prop, 12, the roller shutter door, 13, the high-pressure nitrogen cylinder, 14, the pressure reducing valve, 15, the emptying valve, 16, the water inlet valve, 17, the water storage tank, 18, the water outlet valve, 19, the flowmeter, 20, the mist nozzle, 21, the blow-down valve, 22, the bottle head valve, 23, the negative pressure variable frequency fan, 24 and the rectifying pipe.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1-4, a multifunctional roadway fire experiment platform comprises a roadway main body 1, a base 2, an air duct 3, a ventilation device, a monitoring device, a simulated fire source 4, a belt conveyor 5 and a tray 6, wherein the roadway main body 1 comprises a plurality of sub-roadways 101 which are identical in structure and are detachably connected sequentially through flanges, the roadway main body 1 is arranged on one side above the base 2, the ventilation device is slidably arranged on the other side of the base 2, two sub-roadways 101 are arranged at two ends of the roadway main body 1, the opening end of one sub-roadway 101 is connected with the air duct 3, the opening end of the other sub-roadway 101 is in butt joint with or separated from the ventilation device, the monitoring device comprises a temperature test system 7, a stress test system 8, a smoke flow field monitoring system 9, a camera 10 and a computer, the belt conveyor 5 is arranged in the roadway main body 1, the tray 6 is arranged on the belt conveyor 5, and the simulated fire source 4 is arranged in the tray 6; the monitoring device comprises a temperature testing system 7, a stress testing system 8 and a smoke flow field monitoring system 9 which are arranged in a roadway main body 1, a camera 10 is arranged outside the roadway main body 1, a computer is respectively connected with the temperature testing system 7, the stress testing system 8, the smoke flow field monitoring system 9 and the camera 10, and hydraulic supports 11 are arranged below the base 2 and below the belt conveyor 5; the belt conveyor 5 can realize the bearing tray 6 and the simulated fire source 4, and can realize the experimental measurement of the smoke and the temperature change of the simulated fire source 4 in a motion state in the roadway main body 1 through transmission; the structure of the belt conveyor 5 can be an existing belt conveying structure, and a conveying belt of the belt conveyor 5 is made of a high-temperature-resistant teflon material. The simulated fire source 4 of the present invention may employ a pool fire of combustible liquid or a burner of combustible gas.
Referring to fig. 2, the sub-roadway 101 includes two parallel semi-circular arc metal frames 1011, a first side plate 1012 is disposed at the left side of the two semi-circular arc metal frames 1011, the first side plate 1012 is fixed with the two semi-circular arc metal frames 1011 in a sealing manner, an arched roadway ceiling 1013 is disposed at the top end of the two semi-circular arc metal frames 1011, the roadway ceiling 1013 is fixed with the two semi-circular arc metal frames 1011 and the top end of the first side plate 1012 in a sealing manner, a second side plate 1014 is disposed at the right side of the two semi-circular arc metal frames 1011, the top end of the second side plate 1014 is rotatably connected with the roadway ceiling 1013, a bottom plate 1015 is disposed at the bottom of the two semi-circular arc metal frames 1011, the bottom plate 1015 is a fireproof plate, a lock catch 1016 for locking the second side plate is disposed at the bottom end of the semi-circular arc metal frame 1011 at the front end, and handles 1017 are disposed at the two sides of the second side plate 1014, respectively.
A retractable rolling door 12 is mounted on a semicircular arch-shaped metal frame 1011 at the opening end of the sub-tunnel 101 connected with the air duct 3. The rolling door 12 is matched with the semicircular arch metal frame 1011 in shape and size, and the rolling door 12 can be used for plugging the air duct 3 or changing the opening size of the sub-roadway 101. The air duct 3 is made of double-layer heat-insulation stainless steel materials.
The first side plate 1012 is made of a fire-retardant stainless steel material Q235 steel plate, the second side plate 1014 is made of visual high-temperature-resistant glass, and the roadway ceiling 1013 is made of double-layer high-temperature-resistant fireproof glass.
The roadway main body 1 is internally provided with a spraying device, and referring to fig. 3, the spraying device comprises a high-pressure nitrogen bottle 13, a pressure reducing valve 14, an emptying valve 15, a blow-down valve 21, a water inlet valve 16, a water storage tank 17, a water outlet valve 18, a flowmeter 19 and a fine water mist nozzle 20, a first water passage and a first ventilation pipeline are arranged above the water storage tank 17, a blow-down pipeline is arranged below the water storage tank 17, a blow-down valve 21 is arranged on the blow-down pipeline, and blow-down can be performed by opening the blow-down valve 21; the first water passage is provided with a water inlet valve 16, water is added into a water storage tank 17 by opening the water inlet valve 16, the first water passage is provided with an emptying valve 15, the first water passage is connected with a high-pressure nitrogen gas cylinder 13 through a second water passage, the high-pressure nitrogen gas cylinder 13 is provided with a cylinder head valve 22, the second water passage is provided with a pressure reducing valve 14, the first water passage is connected with a fine water mist nozzle 20 through the second water passage, the second water passage is provided with a water outlet valve 18 and a flowmeter 19, the fine water mist nozzle 20 is fixed on a tunnel ceiling 1013 of a sub-tunnel 101, and the water storage tank 17 and the high-pressure nitrogen gas cylinder 13 are placed on a bottom plate 1015 of the sub-tunnel 101. When the simulated fire source 4 smoke has excessive pressure on the roadway ceiling 1013 or the simulated fire in the roadway is uncontrollable, the spraying device can be adopted to automatically or manually extinguish the fire, and meanwhile, the spraying device can be used for performing experiments such as fine water mist fire extinguishment. The bottle head valve 22 and the water outlet valve 18 are automatically or manually opened, and the high-pressure nitrogen gas in the high-pressure nitrogen gas bottle 13 is depressurized through the depressurization valve 14 and then is pressed into the water storage tank 17, so that water in the water storage tank 17 is sprayed out from the water mist nozzle 20 to extinguish fire.
The temperature test system 7 comprises a plurality of K-type armored thermocouples and a data acquisition module, the K-type armored thermocouples are arranged in each sub roadway 101, the K-type armored thermocouples are connected with the data acquisition module, the data acquisition module is connected with a computer, and the data acquisition module acquires temperature data measured by the K-type armored thermocouples and transmits the temperature data to the computer.
Two K-type armoured thermocouples are symmetrically arranged below the tunnel ceiling 1013 of each sub-tunnel 101, three K-type armoured thermocouples are arranged below the tunnel ceiling 1013 in each sub-tunnel 101 in the tunnel main body 1 connected with a plurality of sub-tunnels 101, and two K-type armoured thermocouples are respectively arranged inside the first side plate 1012 and the second side plate 1014.
The stress test system 8 comprises three stress pieces, wherein the three stress pieces are arranged on the inner wall surface of the tunnel ceiling 1013 of each sub tunnel 101 and are respectively positioned at the top point and at the two sides of the top point of the tunnel ceiling 1013.
The flue gas flow field monitoring system 9 is a laser sheet light source, and is installed on the inner wall of the first side plate 1012, and is used for observing the movement track of flue gas.
The ventilation device comprises a negative pressure variable frequency fan 23 and a rectifying tube 24, wherein the rectifying tube 24 is arranged at the front end of the negative pressure variable frequency fan 23, two sides above the base 2 are respectively provided with a linear sliding rail 201 along the longitudinal direction, and two sides of the bottom end of the rectifying tube 24 and the negative pressure variable frequency fan 23 are respectively in sliding connection with the linear sliding rails 201 on two sides above the base 2 through sliding blocks.
Example 2
The experimental method of the multifunctional roadway fire experimental platform specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: measuring the tightness of the device;
step 1-1, installing a roadway main body 1: connecting a plurality of sub-roadways 101 into a roadway main body 1, connecting semicircular arch-shaped metal frames 1011 of adjacent sub-roadways 101 through flanges, sealing the connection parts of the adjacent sub-roadways 101 by adopting aluminum foil glass fiber adhesive tapes, placing the roadway main body 1 above a base 2 and connecting with an air duct 3, and then sliding a ventilation device above the base 2 to butt joint the opening of the other end of the roadway main body 1 so as to seal the roadway main body 1;
step 1-2, starting a ventilation device, blowing air to the roadway main body 1, and checking whether the roadway main body 1 has air leakage or not;
step 1-3, if no air leakage exists, the sealing performance of the experimental device is good; if the air leakage exists, the air leakage position is re-sealed by adopting an aluminum foil glass fiber adhesive tape;
after the sealing is completed, continuing to start the ventilation device, and repeating the steps 1-2 and 1-3 until no air leakage exists in the longitudinal direction of the roadway;
step 2: simulating the heat release rate and stability of the fire source 4;
step 2-1, selecting a simulated fire source 4, taking diesel oil as an example, and obtaining basic parameters such as combustion heat value and combustion efficiency of the substance by referring to data;
step 2-2, putting the simulated fire source 4 into a tray 6 for weighing, and recording the weight m of the tray 6 0 The total weight m of the tray 6 and the simulated fire source 4, the size of the tray 6;
step 2-3, the roller shutter door is pulled down to the bottom of the sub-tunnel 101, the sub-tunnel 101 is communicated with the air duct 3, the ventilation device is closed, the tray 6 containing the simulated fire source 4 is placed on the belt conveyor 5 in the tunnel main body 1 under the windless condition, the combustion test is carried out, and the combustion time is t 1 、t 2 、t 3 … t n When the burning time interval is 30s, the residual mass m of the simulated fire source 4 is respectively recorded 1 ，m 2 ，m 3 ，… m n Fitting the recorded data to obtain a relationship of the combustion quality and the velocity of the simulated fire source 4 under the windless condition, changing the size of the tray 6, and carrying out repeated experiments;
step 2-4, starting a ventilation device, and performing the step 2-3 under the windy condition to obtain a relation of the combustion quality and the speed of the simulated fire source 4 under the windy condition;
step 2-5, designing the size of the tray 6 for experiments and the weight of the simulated fire source 4 according to the relation of the combustion mass and the velocity of the simulated fire source 4 under the windless condition obtained in the step 2-3, the relation of the combustion mass and the velocity of the simulated fire source 4 under the windy condition obtained in the step 24 and the requirements of the experimental simulated fire source 4;
step 2-6, carrying out the operations of step 2-3 and step 2-4 on the designed tray 6 and the simulated fire source 4 again, and determining that the power of the simulated fire source 4 meets the experimental conditions;
step 3: installing and debugging a test bed;
step 3-1, respectively butting the ventilation device and the air duct 3 with the roadway main body 1;
step 3-2, adjusting the hydraulic prop 11 below the base 2 to the height required by the experiment;
step 3-3, connecting a temperature test system 7, a stress test system 8, a flue gas flow field monitoring system 9 and a camera 10 with a computer, confirming that all equipment is well connected, and preparing data acquisition and recording;
step 4: simulating the placement and experiment of a fire source 4;
step 4-1, placing the simulated fire source 4 designed in the step 2-6 and meeting the experimental conditions in the tray 6 on the belt conveyor 5 by opening the second side plate 1014 of the sub-roadway 101;
step 4-2, igniting a fire source;
step 4-3, closing the second side plate 1014, locking the second side plate 1014 by the latch 1016, and opening the ventilation device;
step 5: starting an experiment, and collecting data of a temperature test system 7, a stress test system 8, a flue gas flow field monitoring system 9 and a camera 10 by a computer;
step 6: determining the change rule of smoke, temperature and ceiling stress in a roadway main body under the condition of different roadway slope ratio factors in a roadway space, adjusting the roadway slope ratio by adjusting the height of a hydraulic prop 11 under a base 2, and repeating the steps 4-5 to finish data acquisition in different roadway slope ratios;
step 7: and (3) measuring the change rule of smoke, temperature and ceiling stress in the roadway main body under the condition of different height factors of the simulated fire source 4 in the roadway space, and repeating the steps 4-5 by adjusting the height of the hydraulic support 11 under the belt conveyor 5 in the roadway main body 1 to finish data acquisition when the simulated fire source 4 is at different heights.
Example 3
The invention can also measure the experimental measurement of the change of the smoke and the temperature of the simulated fire source 4 in a motion state in the roadway main body 1, and is different from the embodiment 2 in that in the step 4-1, the simulated fire source which is designed in the step 2-6 and meets the experimental conditions is placed in a tray on a belt conveyor, and the simulated fire source 4 moves on the belt conveyor 5 by starting the belt conveyor 5 for transmission, so that the change rule of the smoke, the temperature and the ceiling stress in the roadway main body 1 under the motion state of the simulated fire source 4 can be measured.
Example 4
The invention can also measure the experimental measurement of the combustion smoke and the temperature change of the simulated fire source 4 in the roadway main body 1 under the plugging condition. Unlike embodiment 2, in step 3-1, after the ventilation device and the air duct 3 are respectively docked with the tunnel main body 1, the roller shutter door 12 is pulled up, the opening of the sub-tunnel 101 communicated with the air duct 3 is plugged from bottom to top, the opening size of the sub-tunnel 101 can be adjusted by adjusting the height of the roller shutter door 12, and under the condition of measuring different plugging proportions, the computer collects data of the temperature test system 7, the stress test system 8, the flue gas flow field monitoring system 9 and the camera 10.
According to the invention, if the simulated fire source 4 smoke has excessive pressure on the roadway ceiling 1013 or the simulated fire in the roadway is uncontrollable in the experimental process, a spraying device can be adopted to automatically or manually extinguish the fire, and meanwhile, the spraying device can be used for performing experiments such as water mist fire extinguishment and the like.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein with reference to specific examples, the description of which is intended only to assist in understanding the methods of the present invention and the core ideas thereof; also, it is within the scope of the present invention to be modified by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the present teachings. In view of the foregoing, this description should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a multifunctional tunnel fire experiment platform which is characterized in that, including tunnel main part, base, wind channel, ventilation unit, monitoring devices, simulated fire source, band conveyer, tray, the tunnel main part includes a plurality of structures the same and pass through the sub-tunnel of flange detachable connection in proper order, and the tunnel main part is arranged in one side above the base, installs ventilation unit in the opposite side of base slidable, is located two sub-tunnels at tunnel main part both ends, and one sub-tunnel open end is connected with the wind channel, and the wind channel is installed in detachable between sub-tunnel, and another sub-tunnel open end is docked with ventilation unit or is separated, monitoring devices includes temperature test system, stress test system, flue gas flow field monitoring system, camera and computer be equipped with band conveyer in the tunnel main part, be equipped with the tray on the band conveyer, simulated fire source is placed in the tray; the temperature test system, the stress test system and the smoke flow field monitoring system are arranged in the roadway main body, the camera is arranged outside the roadway main body, the computer is respectively connected with the temperature test system, the stress test system, the smoke flow field monitoring system and the camera, and hydraulic struts are arranged below the base and below the belt conveyor;
the secondary roadway comprises a front semicircular arch-shaped metal frame and a rear semicircular arch-shaped metal frame which are arranged in parallel, a first side plate is arranged on the left side of the two semicircular arch-shaped metal frames, the first side plate is fixed with the two semicircular arch-shaped metal frames in a sealing mode, an arch-shaped roadway ceiling is arranged at the top end of the two semicircular arch-shaped metal frames, the roadway ceiling is fixed with the two semicircular arch-shaped metal frames and the top end of the first side plate in a sealing mode, a second side plate is arranged on the right side of the two semicircular arch-shaped metal frames, the top end of the second side plate is connected with the roadway ceiling in a rotatable mode, a bottom plate is arranged at the bottom of the two semicircular arch-shaped metal frames, the bottom end face of the bottom plate is fixed with the two semicircular arch-shaped metal frames and the bottom end face of the first side plate in a sealing mode, and a lock catch used for locking the second side plate is arranged at the bottom end of the semicircular arch-shaped metal frame at the front end;
the roadway main body is internally provided with a spraying device, the spraying device comprises a high-pressure nitrogen bottle, a pressure reducing valve, an emptying valve, a blow-down valve, a water inlet valve, a water storage tank, a water outlet valve, a flowmeter and a fine water mist nozzle, a first water through pipeline and a first ventilation pipeline are arranged above the water storage tank, a blow-down pipeline is arranged below the water storage tank, and the blow-down pipeline is provided with a blow-down valve; the first water passage pipeline is provided with a water inlet valve, the first water passage pipeline is provided with an exhaust valve, the first water passage pipeline is connected with a high-pressure nitrogen gas cylinder through a second water passage pipeline, the high-pressure nitrogen gas cylinder is provided with a cylinder head valve, the second water passage pipeline is provided with a pressure reducing valve, the first water passage pipeline is connected with a fine water mist nozzle through the second water passage pipeline, the second water passage pipeline is provided with a water outlet valve and a flowmeter, the fine water mist nozzle is fixed on a tunnel ceiling of a sub tunnel, and the water storage tank and the high-pressure nitrogen gas cylinder are placed on a bottom plate of the sub tunnel;
the ventilation device comprises a negative pressure variable frequency fan and a rectifying tube, the rectifying tube is arranged at the front end of the negative pressure variable frequency fan, two sides above the base are respectively provided with a linear sliding rail along the longitudinal direction, and two sides at the bottom end of the rectifying tube and the negative pressure variable frequency fan are respectively connected with the linear sliding rails at two sides above the base in a sliding manner through sliding blocks;
the experimental method of the multifunctional roadway fire experiment platform specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: measuring the tightness of the device;
step 1-1, installing a roadway main body: connecting a plurality of sub-roadways into a roadway main body, connecting semicircular arch-shaped metal frames of adjacent sub-roadways through flanges, sealing the connection parts of the adjacent sub-roadways by adopting aluminum foil glass fiber adhesive tapes, placing the roadway main body above a base, connecting the roadway main body with an air duct, and then sliding a ventilation device above the base to butt joint an opening at the other end of the roadway main body so as to seal the roadway main body;
step 1-2, starting a ventilation device, blowing air to a roadway main body, and checking whether the roadway main body has air leakage or not;
step 1-3, if no air leakage exists, the sealing performance of the experimental device is good; if the air leakage exists, the air leakage position is re-sealed by adopting an aluminum foil glass fiber adhesive tape;
after the sealing is completed, continuing to start the ventilation device, and repeating the steps 1-2 and 1-3 until no air leakage exists in the longitudinal direction of the roadway;
step 2: simulating the heat release rate and stability measurement of a fire source;
step 2-1, selecting a simulated fire source;
step 2-2, putting the simulated fire source into a tray for weighing, and recording the weight m of the tray 0 The total weight m of the tray and the simulated fire source, and the size of the tray;
step 2-3, the roller shutter door is pulled down to the bottom of the sub-tunnel, the sub-tunnel is communicated with the air duct, the ventilation device is closed, a tray containing a simulated fire source is placed on a belt conveyor in a tunnel main body under the windless condition, a combustion test is carried out, and the combustion time is t 1 、t 2 、t 3 …t n When the burning time interval is 30s, the residual mass m of the simulated fire source is respectively recorded 1 ，m 2 ，m 3 ，…m n Fitting the recorded data to obtain a relationship of the burning quality and the speed of the simulated fire source under the windless condition, changing the size of the tray, and carrying out repeated experiments;
step 2-4, starting a ventilation device, and performing the step 2-3 under the windy condition to obtain a relation of the combustion quality and the rate of the simulated fire source under the windy condition;
step 2-5, designing the size and the weight of the tray for experiments according to the relationship of the combustion quality and the velocity of the simulated fire source under the windless condition obtained in the step 2-3, the relationship of the combustion quality and the velocity of the simulated fire source under the windless condition obtained in the step 2-4 and the requirements of the experimental simulated fire source;
step 2-6, carrying out the operations of step 2-3 and step 2-4 on the designed tray and the simulated fire source again, and determining that the power of the simulated fire source meets the experimental conditions;
step 3: installing and debugging a test bed;
step 3-1, respectively butting the ventilation device and the air duct with the roadway main body;
step 3-2, adjusting the hydraulic prop below the base to the height required by the experiment;
step 3-3, connecting a temperature test system, a stress test system, a flue gas flow field monitoring system and a camera with a computer, confirming that all equipment is well connected, and preparing data acquisition and recording;
step 4: simulating the placement and experiment of a fire source;
step 4-1, placing the simulated fire source which is designed in the step 2-6 and meets the experimental conditions in a tray on the belt conveyor by opening a second side plate of the sub-roadway;
step 4-2, igniting a fire source;
step 4-3, closing the second side plate, locking the second side plate through a lock catch, and opening the ventilation device;
step 5: starting an experiment, and collecting data of a temperature test system, a stress test system, a flue gas flow field monitoring system and a camera by a computer;
step 6: the roadway slope ratio is adjusted by adjusting the height of the hydraulic support column under the base, and the steps 4-5 are repeated to finish data acquisition at different roadway slope ratios;
step 7: and (5) repeating the steps 4-5 by adjusting the height of the hydraulic support column under the belt conveyor in the roadway main body, so as to complete data acquisition when the simulated fire sources are at different heights.
2. The multifunctional roadway fire experiment platform as claimed in claim 1, wherein the retractable rolling shutter door is installed on the semicircular arch-shaped metal frame of the opening end of the sub roadway connected with the air duct.
3. The multifunctional roadway fire experiment platform as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first side plate is made of a flame-retardant stainless steel material Q235 steel plate, the second side plate is made of visual high-temperature-resistant glass, and the roadway ceiling is made of double-layer high-temperature-resistant fireproof glass.
4. The multifunctional roadway fire experiment platform as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature test system comprises a plurality of K-type armored thermocouples and a data acquisition module, the K-type armored thermocouples are arranged in each sub roadway, the K-type armored thermocouples are connected with the data acquisition module, the data acquisition module is connected with a computer, and the data acquisition module acquires temperature data measured by the K-type armored thermocouples and transmits the temperature data to the computer.
5. The multifunctional roadway fire experiment platform as claimed in claim 4, wherein two K-type armoured thermocouples are symmetrically arranged below the roadway ceiling of each sub roadway, three K-type armoured thermocouples are arranged below the roadway ceiling in each sub roadway at intervals in the roadway main body after the plurality of sub roadways are connected, and two K-type armoured thermocouples are respectively arranged inside the first side plate and the second side plate.
6. The multifunctional roadway fire experiment platform as claimed in claim 1, wherein the stress test system comprises three stress pieces, wherein the three stress pieces are arranged on the inner wall surface of the roadway ceiling of each sub roadway and are respectively positioned at the top point and at the two sides of the top point of the roadway ceiling.
7. The multifunctional roadway fire experiment platform as claimed in claim 1, wherein the smoke flow field monitoring system is a laser sheet light source, and is installed on the inner wall of the first side plate, and is used for observing the motion trail of smoke.
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| CN202111638977.2A CN114413959B (en) | 2021-12-30 | 2021-12-30 | Multifunctional roadway fire experiment platform and method |
| PCT/CN2022/104491 WO2023123997A1 (en) | 2021-12-30 | 2022-07-08 | Multifunctional tunnel fire experiment platform and experiment method |
| AU2022211847A AU2022211847B1 (en) | 2021-12-30 | 2022-07-08 | Multifunctional roadway fire experiment platform, and method |
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| CN114413959B (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2023-06-13 | 中煤科工集团沈阳研究院有限公司 | Multifunctional roadway fire experiment platform and method |
| CN116052521A (en) * | 2023-01-10 | 2023-05-02 | 广东省公路建设有限公司 | Upper cover type closed interchange smoke discharging model test device |
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| CN114413959A (en) | 2022-04-29 |
| AU2022211847B1 (en) | 2023-01-05 |
| WO2023123997A1 (en) | 2023-07-06 |
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