CN114413841B - Frozen soil zoning drawing method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium - Google Patents
Frozen soil zoning drawing method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 166
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 238000013316 zoning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C7/00—Tracing profiles
- G01C7/02—Tracing profiles of land surfaces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C5/00—Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C9/00—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels
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- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
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Abstract
The application provides a frozen soil zoning drawing method, a frozen soil zoning drawing device, electronic equipment and a storage medium, and relates to the technical field of frozen soil drawing. Firstly, acquiring profile data of a target investigation region by using radar equipment, then analyzing the profile data, determining coordinates and altitude information of the boundary information when the profile data comprises frozen soil boundary information, extracting terrain factors on a preset geographic information platform by using digital elevation model data to determine the corresponding relation between the coordinates and the slope direction, determining the slope direction of the boundary information according to the corresponding relation and the coordinates of the boundary information, fitting the slope direction and the altitude information of the boundary information to determine a function of the altitude information and the slope direction and a prediction interval meeting target confidence, and finally determining a frozen soil spatial distribution map of the target investigation region. The method has the advantage of drawing the frozen soil distribution map in more detail.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of frozen soil drawing, in particular to a frozen soil zoning drawing method, a frozen soil zoning drawing device, electronic equipment and a storage medium.
Background
Permafrost refers to a layer of rock that is buried within a certain depth below the surface for two or more years to maintain a negative temperature state. The frozen soil layer often contains abundant underground ice, so frost heaving and thawing are the most important engineering geological features of the permafrost. In cold areas where permafrost develops, construction of infrastructure such as buildings, roads, pipelines and the like must take into account the characteristics and properties of permafrost, and for example, the most important problem to be overcome in the construction process of the Qinghai-Tibet railway is a permafrost zone spanning over 500 km. In steep and high-cold mountainous areas of the topography, permafrost is also an important factor causing geological disasters such as landslide, falling rocks and the like. In particular, with the increase of global warming, the thawing of permafrost presents a greater risk to human infrastructure. Therefore, the drawing of the permafrost distribution diagram with high precision has important significance for guiding infrastructure construction and reducing geological disaster risks.
However, the frozen soil profiling of the prior art is not detailed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a frozen soil zoning drawing method, a frozen soil zoning drawing device, electronic equipment and a storage medium, so as to solve the problem that frozen soil distribution diagram drawing is not detailed in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted in the embodiment of the present application is as follows:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a frozen soil zoning mapping method, where the frozen soil zoning mapping method includes:
acquiring profile data of a target investigation region by using radar equipment;
analyzing the profile data, and determining coordinates and altitude information of the boundary information when the profile data comprises frozen soil boundary information;
carrying out terrain factor extraction on a preset geographic information platform by utilizing the digital elevation model data so as to determine the corresponding relation between coordinates and slope directions;
determining the slope direction of the boundary information according to the corresponding relation and the coordinates of the boundary information;
fitting the slope direction of the boundary information and the elevation information to determine a function of the elevation information and the slope direction and a prediction interval meeting a target confidence coefficient;
and carrying out grid calculation on a geographic information platform by utilizing the function of the altitude information and the slope direction, the digital elevation model data and the prediction interval meeting the target confidence coefficient so as to determine a frozen soil space distribution map of the target investigation region, wherein the target investigation region comprises a seasonal frozen soil zone, a discontinuous frozen soil zone and a continuous frozen soil zone along the coastal lifting direction.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a frozen soil banding drawing device, including:
the data acquisition unit is used for acquiring profile data of the target investigation region by using radar equipment;
the data processing unit is used for analyzing the section data, and determining coordinates and altitude information of the boundary information when the section data comprise frozen soil boundary information;
the data processing unit is also used for extracting the terrain factors on a preset geographic information platform by utilizing the digital elevation model data so as to determine the corresponding relation between coordinates and slope directions;
the data processing unit is also used for determining the slope direction of the boundary information according to the corresponding relation and the coordinates of the boundary information;
the data processing unit is further used for fitting the slope direction of the boundary information and the elevation information to determine a function of the elevation information and the slope direction and a prediction interval meeting a target confidence coefficient;
and the data processing unit is also used for carrying out grid calculation on a geographic information platform by utilizing the function of the altitude information and the slope direction, the digital elevation model data and the prediction interval meeting the target confidence coefficient so as to determine a frozen soil spatial distribution map of the target investigation region, wherein the target investigation region comprises a seasonal frozen soil zone, a discontinuous frozen soil zone and a continuous frozen soil zone along the sea-pulling lifting direction.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, including:
a memory for storing one or more programs;
a processor;
the above-described frozen soil banding drawing method is implemented when the one or more programs are executed by the processor.
In a fourth aspect, embodiments of the present application further provide a computer readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, where the computer program when executed by a processor implements the method for frozen soil zonal mapping described above.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the application has the following beneficial effects:
the method comprises the steps of firstly, acquiring profile data of a target investigation region by utilizing radar equipment, then analyzing the profile data, determining coordinates and altitude information of boundary information when the profile data comprise frozen soil boundary information, extracting terrain factors on a preset geographic information platform by utilizing digital elevation model data to determine a corresponding relation between the coordinates and slope directions, determining the slope directions of the boundary information according to the corresponding relation and the coordinates of the boundary information, then fitting the slope directions of the boundary information with the altitude information to determine a function of the altitude information and the slope directions and a prediction interval meeting target confidence, and finally performing grid calculation on the geographic information platform by utilizing the function of the altitude information and the slope directions, the digital elevation model data and the prediction interval meeting target confidence to determine a frozen soil space distribution map of the target investigation region, wherein the target investigation region comprises seasonal frozen soil zones, discontinuous frozen soil zones and continuous frozen soil zones for many years along the elevation directions. The method and the device can determine seasonal frozen soil zones, discontinuous frozen soil zones and continuous frozen soil zones, so that a drawn frozen soil distribution map is more detailed.
In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered limiting in scope, and that other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 is an exemplary flowchart of a method for cartography of frozen soil according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a geology provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 4 is another exemplary flowchart of a method for cartography of frozen soil according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of distribution of a frozen soil zone according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a prediction interval of target confidence provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 7 shows a schematic diagram of the spatial distribution map of frozen soil provided by who please.
Fig. 8 is a schematic block diagram of a frozen soil zoning drawing device according to an embodiment of the present application.
In the figure: 100-an electronic device; a 101-processor; 102-memory; 103-a communication interface; 200-frozen soil zoning drawing device; 210-a data acquisition unit; 220-a data processing unit.
Detailed Description
For the purposes of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application, which are generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, as provided in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the application, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments herein without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present application.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures. Meanwhile, in the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second", and the like are used only to distinguish the description, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions.
Some embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
For drawing of frozen soil distribution, the drawing of space diagrams is basically carried out by adopting a manual interpretation and drawing mode based on measured data, comprehensive data sources such as a topographic map, an aerial photograph and a satellite image before 2000, and the precision of the space diagrams is highly dependent on the surface properties of the measured data and the subjective experience of drawing experts; the geographic information technology method is only applied to drawing of the multi-year frozen soil thematic map after 2000, and the frozen soil type division and the spatial distribution map drawing are mainly carried out by calculating indexes reflecting the frozen soil conditions by using a computer. Taking a frozen soil distribution map of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau in 2017 as an example, the corrected MODIS surface temperature product is mainly utilized in a geographic information system platform to calculate a frozen soil indicator (TTOP), so that the purpose of identifying and dividing binary information of frozen soil and seasonal frozen soil is achieved.
However, since permafrost is buried deeply, it is difficult to directly identify the presence or absence of the permafrost from a surface landscape or related indicators (such as air temperature) because of the high degree of spatial heterogeneity. Thus, as will be described in the background art, the frozen soil profiling is not detailed in the prior art.
In view of the above, in order to solve the above problems, the present application provides a method for mapping frozen soil zonal bands, which determines the spatial distribution states of ternary structures of seasonal frozen soil bands, discontinuous frozen soil bands and continuous frozen soil bands, and maps a more detailed frozen soil zonal band map.
It should be noted that, the frozen soil zoning drawing method provided by the application can be applied to electronic equipment, and the electronic equipment is used for executing the frozen soil zoning drawing method, such as intelligent terminal equipment of a computer, a mobile phone and the like.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic block diagram of an electronic device 100 according to an embodiment of the present application, where the electronic device 100 includes a memory 102, a processor 101, and a communication interface 103, where the memory 102, the processor 101, and the communication interface 103 are directly or indirectly electrically connected to each other to implement data transmission or interaction. For example, the components may be electrically connected to each other via one or more communication buses or signal lines.
The memory 102 may be used for storing software programs and modules, such as program instructions or modules corresponding to the frozen soil banding drawing device provided in the embodiments of the present application, and the processor 101 executes the software programs and modules stored in the memory 102, thereby executing various functional applications and data processing, and further executing the steps of the frozen soil banding drawing method provided in the embodiments of the present application. The communication interface 103 may be used for communication of signaling or data with other node devices.
The Memory 102 may be, but is not limited to, random access Memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), read Only Memory (ROM), programmable Read Only Memory (Programmable Read-Only Memory, PROM), erasable Read Only Memory (Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory, EPROM), electrically erasable programmable Read Only Memory (Electric Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory, EEPROM), etc.
The processor 101 may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. The processor 101 may be a general-purpose processor including a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), a network processor (Network Processor, NP), etc.; but also digital signal processors (Digital Signal Processing, DSP), application specific integrated circuits (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), field programmable gate arrays (Field-Programmable Gate Array, FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components.
It is to be understood that the configuration shown in fig. 1 is merely illustrative, and that electronic device 100 may also include more or fewer components than shown in fig. 1, or have a different configuration than shown in fig. 1. The components shown in fig. 1 may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination thereof.
The frozen soil zoning drawing method provided in the embodiment of the present application will be exemplarily described below with the electronic device 100 as a schematic execution body.
As an alternative implementation manner, referring to fig. 2, the frozen soil banding drawing method includes:
s102, acquiring profile data of a target investigation region by using radar equipment;
s104, analyzing the section data, and determining coordinates and altitude information of boundary information when the section data comprises frozen soil boundary information;
s106, carrying out terrain factor extraction on a preset geographic information platform by utilizing the digital elevation model data so as to determine the corresponding relation between coordinates and slope directions;
s108, determining the slope direction of the boundary information according to the corresponding relation and the coordinates of the boundary information;
s110, fitting slope direction and elevation information of the boundary information to determine a function of the elevation information and the slope direction and a prediction interval meeting the target confidence;
and S112, carrying out grid calculation on a geographic information platform by utilizing functions of altitude information and slope direction, digital elevation model data and a prediction interval meeting target confidence coefficient so as to determine a frozen soil space distribution map of a target investigation region, wherein the target investigation region comprises a seasonal frozen soil zone, a discontinuous frozen soil zone and a continuous frozen soil zone along the coastal lifting direction.
The ground penetrating radar (Ground Penetrating radar. GPR) is a geophysical method for detecting the characteristics and distribution rules of substances in a medium by utilizing an antenna to emit and receive high-frequency electromagnetic waves. Ground penetrating radars are known in the early stages, and are, for example, ground-based Radar (Ground-based-potential Radar), subsurface Radar (Sub-surface Radar), geological Radar (Geo Radar), pulse Radar (Impulse Radar), surface penetrating Radar (Surface Penetrating Radar), etc., which are all electromagnetic wave methods for electromagnetic detection of the internal structure of a geological target by using high-frequency pulses, which are oriented to the geological exploration target. The data can be acquired in the investigation region by means of a ground penetrating radar, wherein the geological conditions can be determined from the acquired signals when the radar is used for detection. For example, referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 shows a geological profile from which it is known that there are different geological conditions, the received feedback signal is not the same when the radar detects different geology, for example, the radar may receive a first signal when frozen earth is detected, the radar may receive a second signal when broken stone is detected, and so on, the current geology may be determined based on the type of signal received by the radar.
It will be appreciated that when using radar apparatus for detection, profile data acquisition of the target survey area may be achieved by simply advancing along a predetermined route.
After acquisition, the acquired profile data can be analyzed, and as an implementation mode, the analysis can be performed manually; as another implementation manner, analysis can be performed in an intelligent recognition manner, for example, profile data acquired by radar equipment is displayed in a picture form, and data analysis is performed from the picture by using an image recognition technology, so that whether frozen soil boundary information is included in the profile data can be obtained. As an implementation manner, whether the frozen soil boundary information is included in the profile data may be determined by identifying an endpoint.
When frozen soil boundary information exists in the section data, the boundary information can be locked, and then coordinates and altitude information of the boundary information are determined. When the radar is used for profile data acquisition, the data acquisition is actually realized by adopting a sampling point mode, and each profile information is bound with coordinates and altitude information, so that once the boundary information is determined, the coordinates and altitude information corresponding to the boundary information can be determined.
After the coordinates and the altitude information of the boundary information are determined, the digital elevation model data can be utilized to extract the terrain factors on a preset geographic information platform so as to determine the corresponding relation between the coordinates and the slope direction. The geographical information platform is GIS (Geographic Information System) platform, which is a technical system for collecting, storing, managing, operating, analyzing, displaying and describing the related geographical distribution data in the whole or partial earth surface (including atmosphere) space under the support of computer hardware and software systems. Location and geographic information are both the core of LBS and the basis of LBS. A simple longitude and latitude coordinate is only placed in specific geographic information, and is represented as a certain place, sign and azimuth, and then is recognized and understood by a user. After the user obtains the location information through the related technology, the user needs to know the geographical environment where the user is located, inquire and analyze the environment information, and therefore information support and service are provided for the user activities.
The corresponding relation between coordinates and slope direction can be determined by extracting the terrain factors on the geographic information platform by utilizing the digital elevation model data; it will be appreciated that each coordinate corresponds to a slope. On the basis, since the coordinates of the boundary information have been determined, the slope direction corresponding to the boundary information can be determined on the basis of the correspondence. And then fitting slope direction and elevation information of the boundary information to determine a function of the elevation information and the slope direction and a prediction interval meeting the target confidence coefficient, and performing grid calculation on a geographic information platform by utilizing the function of the elevation information and the slope direction, the digital elevation model data and the prediction interval meeting the target confidence coefficient to determine a frozen soil space distribution map of a target investigation region, wherein the target investigation region comprises a seasonal frozen soil zone, a discontinuous frozen soil zone and a continuous frozen soil zone along the elevation direction.
By the frozen soil zoning drawing method, the ternary classification diagram can be drawn, and the frozen soil zoning drawing is more detailed.
Optionally, before S102, referring to fig. 4, the method for frozen soil zoning mapping provided in the present application further includes:
s101-1, acquiring basic parameters of a target investigation region, wherein the basic parameters comprise topography and traffic states.
S101-2, determining a section route according to the topography and the traffic state.
S102 includes:
and controlling the radar equipment to acquire profile data along the profile route.
When basic parameters of a target investigation region are acquired, including but not limited to acquiring historical data of permafrost distribution, collecting drawing pieces, performing on-site investigation, knowing the topography and traffic conditions of the drawing region, and determining investigation region and GPR profile layout positions. The topography may include, but is not limited to, a height of a mountain, an altitude, a coverage degree of vegetation, and the like.
It should be noted that, the actual investigation region in the present application may be the mapping region, or a sub-region that can represent the topography of the entire mapping region may be selected in the mapping region. For example, a frozen soil zoning drawing of a certain area X needs to be drawn, and all basic parameters of the area X are obtained; however, in practical applications, the area X may be large, so that only the basic parameters of a small area Y in the area X may be obtained.
After acquiring the relevant basic parameters, the related data needs to be acquired by using the radar later, so that the profile route needs to be determined first, so that the data acquisition is performed by using the radar equipment. In the application, the profile route is determined according to the topography and the traffic state. For example, according to the topography, there may be a large depression somewhere in the target investigation region, which is unfavorable for the acquisition of data by the radar apparatus, and therefore, when designing a profile route, it is necessary to avoid the region and the like. Furthermore, in general, the defined GPR profile length is based on a short profile of 500m-2000m, the setting of the GPR profile being required to embody a large elevation gradient and to cover different slopes and vegetation types. In the GPR profile investigation process, information such as coordinates, altitude, landform part, deposition type, vegetation type and the like of the measuring points need to be recorded.
Alternatively, the determination may be performed according to instructions related to the staff member when determining the frontal profile route, or may be automatically generated by the system, which is not limited herein.
After determining the profile route, the radar device can be controlled to perform profile data acquisition along the profile route, for example, a manual or automatic device is used for carrying the radar device to perform data acquisition along the profile route, so as to determine whether a frozen soil zone exists on the route. The radar equipment performs data acquisition in a sampling point mode, and after the sampling point is determined, the radar equipment sends out detection signals and receives feedback signals, then the geological type at the sampling point is determined according to the type of the feedback signals, and further whether frozen soil exists at the sampling point is determined.
In addition, after the profile data is acquired, in order to ensure the accuracy of the data, the acquired data is verified, generally, on-site real-time points are laid in a target investigation region, and verification investigation of the GPR profile is performed: the actual measurement mode is mainly drilling and detecting through a portable drilling machine or detecting through a pit detection mode, and mainly determining whether permafrost exists in the deep part of a stratum or not, wherein the on-site detection depth is generally more than 2-3m. And (3) recording the position information of the actual measurement points, and establishing an actual measurement data set of the permafrost frozen soil existence.
For example, on a short section path of 500m-2000m, 10 survey points are set, when the radar apparatus collects a frozen soil zone existing on a certain section path, a soil sample is collected by a drilling mode, and whether frozen soil exists or not is determined, and of course, in some embodiments, it may also be determined that the radar apparatus determines the accuracy of the frozen soil zone, for example, when 9 soil sample types are consistent with data collected by the radar apparatus and 1 soil sample type is inconsistent with data collected by the radar apparatus in the 10 survey points, the accuracy of the radar apparatus is 90%.
Optionally, before proceeding to S104, the method further includes:
s103-1, judging whether the section data comprises frozen soil boundary information, if so, executing S104, and if not, executing S103-2.
S103-2, when the section data does not comprise the frozen soil boundary information, determining a new section route to acquire new section data until the frozen soil boundary information is included in the new section data.
Wherein, as an implementation way, when the GPR profile data is analyzed, a manual interpretation way is adopted to determine the boundary of the permafrost plaque on the local scale. In the interpretation process, the development rule of permafrost is fully considered, and the information such as coordinates, altitude, landform position, deposition type, vegetation type and the like of the measuring points are fully referred. After the permafrost plate boundary is extracted, the coordinate and altitude information of the boundary can be judged according to the coordinate and altitude information and the like determined during data acquisition, and a GPR interpretation data set is constructed.
For example, referring to fig. 5, after data is acquired by using the radar device, the obtained distribution diagram of the frozen soil zone is shown by the dashed line in fig. 5, and then the point O may be determined as boundary information of the frozen soil zone.
Of course, if the collected data does not include the boundary information of the frozen soil zone, the section route may not be accurate, and a new section route needs to be determined again and again, and the new section data is acquired until the frozen soil boundary information is included in the new section data. When the collected data does not include the boundary information of the frozen soil zone, the first case is generally two cases, wherein the first case is the frozen soil information with continuous section data, at the moment, the boundary of the frozen soil cannot be detected, and the second case is the section data which does not include the frozen soil information. On the basis, if the data acquired for the first time does not comprise the boundary information of the frozen soil zone, the data acquisition for the second time is carried out, and if the data acquired for the second time does not comprise the boundary information of the frozen soil zone, the new section route is continuously determined until the acquired data comprise the boundary information of the frozen soil zone.
As one implementation, to quickly determine frozen soil boundary information, when the new profile path is redetermined, when the profile data includes continuous frozen soil information, the elevation is reduced and a new profile path is determined; when no frozen soil information is included in the profile data, then the altitude is raised and a new profile route is determined.
In general, the lower the temperature, the higher the possibility of frozen soil being present in a region having a higher altitude. Therefore, when the section data all comprise continuous frozen soil information, the elevation is higher, and the elevation needs to be reduced and a new section route is determined; and when the frozen earth information is not included in the profile data, the elevation indicating the profile route determined at this time may be low, and thus it is necessary to raise the elevation and determine a new profile route.
After the coordinates and the altitude information of the frozen soil boundary information are determined, the obtained coordinates of the permafrost plaque boundary can be utilized, the digital elevation model data is utilized to extract the terrain factors in the GIS platform, and the slope direction corresponding to the permafrost plaque boundary can be obtained.
The development of permafrost in mountainous regions on a regional scale is susceptible to sloping. And establishing a statistical model of the elevation and the slope direction of the permafrost plaque boundary by using a curve fitting method, wherein the model accords with a periodic function rule, and a prediction interval of the fitting model can be used as a limit for distinguishing different permafrost zoning.
In determining the cross-sectional path, it is necessary to determine the cross-sectional path from different directions, for example, for a mountain, it is necessary to determine the cross-sectional path from 4 or more different directions, for example, from eight directions of north, northeast, east, southeast, south, southwest, west, and northwest, and the determined boundary information also covers a plurality of directions.
In determining the function of altitude information and slope direction, the function of altitude information and slope direction satisfies the formula:
wherein a, b and c are parameters of the function respectively, y represents altitude information, and x represents slope direction.
The elevation and slope directions of a plurality of boundary information are brought into the function, and the values of a, b and c can be fitted, so that the function of the elevation information and slope directions of the boundary information is determined.
In addition, after the function is determined, a prediction interval of the fitting model can be used as a limit for distinguishing different frozen soil bands, namely after the function is established, the prediction interval under 95% credibility can be determined, and the main physical significance is as follows: within the prediction interval, there is a 95% likelihood that there are boundaries of permafrost plaques.
As shown in fig. 6, the 95% confidence prediction interval is an interval between the line a and the line B.
And then, carrying out grid calculation in a GIS platform by using the established statistical model and digital elevation model data, and finally obtaining a spatial distribution map of the mountain frozen soil, wherein the spatial distribution map can divide the mountain frozen soil into three categories, namely a seasonal frozen soil zone, a discontinuous frozen soil zone and a continuous frozen soil zone in sequence along with the increase of the altitude, and is a ternary classification map.
Furthermore, after the step of S112, the method further includes:
and S114, determining the coincidence degree of the seasonal frozen soil zone, the discontinuous permafrost zone, the continuous permafrost zone and the target investigation region and the reference value.
Wherein, the fitness of the continuous permafrost zone satisfies the formula:
wherein A is pr Represents the fitness of continuous permafrost bands, N p The number of test samples in the zone for determining the presence of permafrost is represented, N pr Representing the total number of test sample points located within a continuous permafrost zone;
the fitness of the discontinuous permafrost zone satisfies the formula:
wherein A is po Represents the coincidence degree of discontinuous permafrost bands, N p The number of test samples in the zone for determining the presence of permafrost is represented, N po Representing a total number of test sample points located within the discontinuous permafrost zone;
the fitness of the seasonal frozen soil zone satisfies the formula:
wherein A is pf Indicating the fit of seasonal frozen soil zones, N np The number of test samples in the zone for determining that no permafrost exists is represented, N pf Representing the total number of test sample points located within the seasonal frozen earth zone;
the fitness of the target investigation region satisfies the formula:
wherein A is t Represents the coincidence degree of the target investigation region, S t Representing the total area of the target investigation region S pr Representing the total area of the continuous permafrost zone, S po Representing the total area of the discontinuous permafrost zone S pf Indicating the total area of the season frozen earth zone.
It can be understood that by the technical method for carrying out the permafrost space drawing of the alpine mountain area by utilizing the ground penetrating radar data and combining the geographic information technology, and by providing a verification means, the permafrost space drawing with high resolution can be quickly and efficiently generated on the area scale. By utilizing the frozen soil zoning drawing method provided by the application to conduct permafrost investigation, a high-precision permafrost spatial distribution map can be generated rapidly and efficiently, and engineering facilities in the alpine mountain area are guided to be constructed and served.
The frozen soil zoning drawing method provided by the application has at least the following advantages:
1. the data of the drawing support is the actual measurement data of the ground penetrating radar of the regional survey, and the drawing method is more accurate in judging the existence of the permafrost than an empirical method or an indirect method.
2. With the addition of more ground penetrating radar data, the map is conveniently updated under the unified data source and method framework, and the map has better updatability than the space map generated by the traditional data of multiple data sources and multiple methods.
3. The resolution of the spatial mapping may be adjusted based on the resolution of the input digital elevation model.
4. The permafrost spatial distribution generated by the method has more real and accurate description on the distribution characteristics of the permafrost under the rugged mountain terrain condition, and particularly the edge permafrost and discontinuous permafrost can accurately reflect the influence of the slope direction on the existence of the permafrost.
5. Consistency assessment can be performed with existing drawings made during historical time periods.
A practical example will be described below, which uses a mountain area of a basin in the northeast of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau as a drawing area.
First, historical literature data and existing figures and the like related to the drawing area are collected, and the permafrost of the area is initially determined to be distributed in a permafrost area with the altitude of 4000m or more and with the altitude of 4400m or more being basically continuously distributed. Road traffic conditions are determined by means of a survey, and finally the main investigation region is selected as the region of the altitude range 3800-4600m upstream of the mapping region.
And then carrying out GPR detection work in a survey area, wherein the elevation, slope direction and vegetation information of the measuring points need to be recorded in the GPR profile detection process, 130 profiles are acquired in the survey area, and the profile elevation range is 3900-4650m. Meanwhile, drilling holes and exploratory holes are arranged in the area to serve as verification points, and real information of whether permafrost exists or not is obtained.
And then manually interpreting by utilizing the measured data of the investigation region and the related GPR record information to obtain the boundary information of the permafrost plaque on the section. 63 of the 130 profiles identify boundaries of permafrost plaques.
And then performing terrain analysis in a GIS platform, and extracting slope data corresponding to the boundary position by utilizing ASTER GDEM data with 30m resolution.
And then establishing a functional relation between the elevation and the slope direction of the permafrost plaque boundary by using a curve fitting method (the functional form is as follows:
y＝91.7181*sin(2πx/360+4.8306)+4272.9235
where x is the slope direction (in degrees) and y is the elevation (in m) of the suspected permafrost plaque boundary. After the function is established, a prediction interval under 95% confidence can be determined, and the main physical significance is as follows: within the prediction interval, there is a 95% likelihood that there are boundaries of permafrost plaques.
Finally, using a grid computing method in a GIS platform, carrying out space drawing of the drawing area based on 30m GDEM data (a and c in fig. 7). Comparing the spatial drawing result with the permafrost distribution map (b and d in fig. 7) of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau in 2017 can obviously find that the resolution of the drawing result of the model is higher, the depiction of the permafrost in the mountain area is finer, and the discontinuous permafrost can be well represented and is closer to the real situation in the natural world.
The multi-year frozen soil spatial distribution map based on the method is subjected to fitness verification with the actually measured verification point data and the Qinghai-Tibet frozen soil distribution map compiled in 2017 respectively, and the results are shown in the table I by adopting the fitness calculation method provided by the application. According to the consistency degree judgment, the consistency degree of the drawing result and the measured data of the method is 87.8 percent, and the consistency degree of the drawing result and the permafrost distribution map of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau in 2017 is 81.8 percent, which shows that the drawing effect of the method is good.
List one
Based on the above implementation, referring to fig. 8, the present application further provides a frozen soil banding drawing device 200, where the frozen soil banding drawing device 200 includes:
and the data acquisition unit is used for acquiring profile data of the target investigation region by using the radar equipment.
It is to be understood that S102 described above may be performed by the data acquisition unit 210.
And the data processing unit is used for analyzing the profile data, and determining coordinates and altitude information of the boundary information when the profile data comprises frozen soil boundary information.
It will be appreciated that S104 described above may be performed by the data processing unit 220.
And the data processing unit is also used for extracting the terrain factors on a preset geographic information platform by utilizing the digital elevation model data so as to determine the corresponding relation between the coordinates and the slope direction.
It is understood that S106 described above may be performed by the data processing unit 220.
And the data processing unit is also used for determining the slope direction of the boundary information according to the corresponding relation and the coordinates of the boundary information.
It is understood that S108 described above may be performed by the data processing unit 220.
And the data processing unit is also used for fitting the slope direction of the boundary information and the elevation information to determine a function of the elevation information and the slope direction and a prediction interval meeting the target confidence.
It is understood that S110 described above may be performed by the data processing unit 220.
The data processing unit is further used for carrying out grid calculation on the geographic information platform by utilizing functions of altitude information and slope direction, digital elevation model data and a prediction interval meeting target confidence coefficient so as to determine a frozen soil space distribution map of a target investigation region, wherein the target investigation region comprises a seasonal frozen soil zone, a discontinuous frozen soil zone and a continuous frozen soil zone along the coast lifting direction.
It is understood that S112 described above may be performed by the data processing unit 220.
Of course, each step in the above embodiment may correspond to a virtual module, where the virtual module is configured to execute the corresponding step.
In summary, the present application provides a method, an apparatus, an electronic device, and a storage medium for frozen soil zoning, firstly, profile data acquisition is performed on a target investigation region by using radar equipment, then the profile data is analyzed, when the profile data includes frozen soil boundary information, coordinates and altitude information of the boundary information are determined, then terrain factor extraction is performed on a preset geographic information platform by using digital elevation model data to determine a corresponding relation between the coordinates and slope direction, then the slope direction of the boundary information is determined according to the corresponding relation and the coordinates of the boundary information, then the slope direction and altitude information of the boundary information are fitted to determine a function of the altitude information and the slope direction and a prediction interval meeting the target confidence, and finally grid calculation is performed on the geographic information platform by using the function of the altitude information and the slope direction, the digital elevation model data and the prediction interval meeting the target confidence, so as to determine a frozen soil spatial distribution map of the investigation region, wherein the target investigation region includes a seasonal frozen soil zone, a discontinuous frozen soil zone and a continuous frozen soil zone along a coastal lifting direction. The method and the device can determine seasonal frozen soil zones, discontinuous frozen soil zones and continuous frozen soil zones, so that a drawn frozen soil distribution map is more detailed.
In the embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method may be implemented in other manners as well. The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, for example, of the flowcharts and block diagrams in the figures that illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of apparatus, methods and computer program products according to embodiments of the present application. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portion of code, which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function(s).
It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the block may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved.
It will also be noted that each block of the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-based systems which perform the specified functions or acts, or combinations of special purpose hardware and computer instructions.
In addition, the functional modules in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated together to form a single part, or each module may exist alone, or two or more modules may be integrated to form a single part.
The functions, if implemented in the form of software functional modules and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present application may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the prior art or in a part of the technical solution, in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium, including several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method described in the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media capable of storing program codes, such as a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory, a random access memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk.
Although the present invention is disclosed above, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and the scope of the invention should be assessed accordingly to that of the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. The frozen soil zonal drawing method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
acquiring profile data of a target investigation region by using radar equipment;
analyzing the profile data, and determining coordinates and altitude information of the boundary information when the profile data comprises frozen soil boundary information;
carrying out terrain factor extraction on a preset geographic information platform by utilizing the digital elevation model data so as to determine the corresponding relation between coordinates and slope directions;
determining the slope direction of the boundary information according to the corresponding relation and the coordinates of the boundary information;
fitting the slope direction of the boundary information and the elevation information to determine a function of the elevation information and the slope direction and a prediction interval meeting a target confidence coefficient;
performing grid calculation on a geographic information platform by utilizing the function of the elevation information and the slope direction, the digital elevation model data and the prediction interval meeting the target confidence coefficient to determine a frozen soil space distribution map of the target investigation region, wherein the target investigation region comprises a seasonal frozen soil zone, a discontinuous frozen soil zone and a continuous frozen soil zone along the coastal lifting direction;
after the step of determining the frozen soil spatial distribution map of the target survey area, the method further comprises:
determining the fit of the seasonal frozen soil zone, the discontinuous frozen soil zone, the continuous frozen soil zone and the target investigation region with a reference value;
the fitness of the continuous permafrost zone satisfies the formula:
wherein A is pr Represents the fitness of continuous permafrost bands, N p The number of test samples in the zone for determining the presence of permafrost is represented, N pr Representing the total number of test sample points located within a continuous permafrost zone;
the fitness of the discontinuous permafrost zone satisfies the formula:
wherein A is po Represents the coincidence degree of discontinuous permafrost bands, N p The number of test samples in the zone for determining the presence of permafrost is represented, N po Representing a total number of test sample points located within the discontinuous permafrost zone;
the fitness of the seasonal frozen soil zone satisfies the formula:
wherein A is pf Indicating the fit of seasonal frozen soil zones, N np The number of test samples in the zone for determining that no permafrost exists is represented, N pf Representing the total number of test sample points located within the seasonal frozen earth zone;
the fitness of the target investigation region satisfies the formula:
wherein A is t Represents the coincidence degree of the target investigation region, S t Representing the total area of the target investigation region S pr Representing the total area of the continuous permafrost zone, S po Representing the total area of the discontinuous permafrost zone S pf Indicating the total area of the season frozen earth zone.
2. The frozen earth banding drawing method according to claim 1, wherein before the step of acquiring profile data of the target survey area with the radar apparatus, the method further comprises:
obtaining basic parameters of a target investigation region, wherein the basic parameters comprise topography and traffic states;
determining a section route according to the topography and the traffic state;
the step of acquiring profile data of the target investigation region by using the radar device comprises the following steps:
and controlling the radar equipment to acquire profile data along the profile route.
3. The method of frozen earth banding drawing according to claim 2, wherein after the step of parsing the profile data, the method further comprises:
and when the section data does not comprise frozen soil boundary information, determining a new section route to acquire new section data until the frozen soil boundary information is included in the new section data.
4. A method of frozen earth banding patterning as recited in claim 3, wherein the step of determining a new profile route includes:
when the section data comprise continuous frozen soil information, lowering the altitude and determining a new section route;
when no frozen soil information is included in the profile data, elevation is raised and a new profile route is determined.
5. The method of frozen soil zoning mapping according to claim 1, wherein the function of altitude information and slope direction satisfies the formula:
wherein a, b, c are parameters of the function, respectively.
6. A frozen soil banding drawing apparatus for performing the frozen soil banding drawing method as recited in any one of claims 1 to 5, the frozen soil banding drawing apparatus comprising:
the data acquisition unit is used for acquiring profile data of the target investigation region by using radar equipment;
the data processing unit is used for analyzing the section data, and determining coordinates and altitude information of the boundary information when the section data comprise frozen soil boundary information;
the data processing unit is also used for extracting the terrain factors on a preset geographic information platform by utilizing the digital elevation model data so as to determine the corresponding relation between coordinates and slope directions;
the data processing unit is also used for determining the slope direction of the boundary information according to the corresponding relation and the coordinates of the boundary information;
the data processing unit is further used for fitting the slope direction of the boundary information and the elevation information to determine a function of the elevation information and the slope direction and a prediction interval meeting a target confidence coefficient;
and the data processing unit is also used for carrying out grid calculation on a geographic information platform by utilizing the function of the altitude information and the slope direction, the digital elevation model data and the prediction interval meeting the target confidence coefficient so as to determine a frozen soil spatial distribution map of the target investigation region, wherein the target investigation region comprises a seasonal frozen soil zone, a discontinuous frozen soil zone and a continuous frozen soil zone along the sea-pulling lifting direction.
7. An electronic device, comprising:
a memory for storing one or more programs;
a processor;
the method of any of claims 1-5 is implemented when the one or more programs are executed by the processor.
8. A computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which computer program, when being executed by a processor, implements the method according to any of claims 1-5.
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