CN114412629B - Electric control silicone oil clutch water pump - Google Patents
Electric control silicone oil clutch water pump Download PDFInfo
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- CN114412629B CN114412629B CN202210127959.6A CN202210127959A CN114412629B CN 114412629 B CN114412629 B CN 114412629B CN 202210127959 A CN202210127959 A CN 202210127959A CN 114412629 B CN114412629 B CN 114412629B
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- silicone oil
- impeller
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- clutch
- front cover
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P5/00—Pumping cooling-air or liquid coolants
- F01P5/10—Pumping liquid coolant; Arrangements of coolant pumps
- F01P5/12—Pump-driving arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P7/00—Controlling of coolant flow
- F01P7/14—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid
- F01P7/16—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid by thermostatic control
- F01P7/164—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid by thermostatic control by varying pump speed
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an electric control silicone oil clutch water pump, which comprises a silicone oil clutch front cover, a hub, a driving disc, a separating disc, a control valve rod, a belt pulley, a three-ring bearing, an electric control solenoid, a rotating speed sensor, a signal ring, a pump body rear cover and an impeller, wherein the stepless speed change control of the rotating speed of the impeller of the electric control silicone oil water pump is realized, so that the steady change of the flow of engine cooling liquid is realized, the function of the electric control silicone oil clutch water pump is exerted extremely, the oil consumption of the engine is reduced better, and the cooling capacity of the water pump is improved; the influence of cold and hot impact of the cooling system on engine parts is reduced, the service life of the engine cooling system parts is prolonged, and particularly when the engine speed is changed frequently; the method can solve the after-sales problems of quick warm-up of the whole vehicle and easy carbon deposition caused by supercooling of the engine, and lays a technical foundation for design indexes of long service life of the whole vehicle engine in the future.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an automobile cooling system, in particular to an electrically-controlled silicone oil clutch water pump.
Background
The conventional direct-connected water pump is adopted in the conventional commercial vehicle engine cooling system, and the rotation speed of an impeller in the direct-connected water pump changes along with the change of the rotation speed of an engine, so that a large amount of ineffective power consumption is generated, and the fuel economy is not facilitated on one hand; on the other hand, the continuous change of the rotating speed of the direct-connected water pump also generates frequent cold and hot impact on the radiator cooling system, thereby shortening the service life of the components of the engine cooling system; the rotating speed of the impeller in the direct-connected water pump is not controlled, so that the cooling flow of the engine cannot be accurately controlled, unnecessary friction of the engine is increased, the service lives of the cylinder sleeve and the piston of the engine are reduced, and the durability of the engine is reduced.
The traditional direct-connected water pump is connected with the engine crankshaft or the gear and the belt pulley, and because the direct-connected water pump is directly assembled with the engine accessory, a transitional connector is not arranged in the middle, the rotating speed of the impeller is synchronous with the rotating speed of the gear train or the crankshaft, the rotating speed of the engine changes more quickly, the rotating speed of the impeller is influenced to change along with the rotating speed change of the engine, the water flow also changes along with the rotating speed change of the engine, the engine is suddenly cooled and heated, the supercooling of the engine is easy to accumulate carbon, the rotating speed of the impeller of the water pump is not reduced in winter, and the engine is slow to heat.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides the electrically controlled silicone oil clutch water pump, the rotating speed of the impeller of which can realize stepless speed change, thereby realizing stable change of the flow of engine cooling liquid.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: an automatically controlled silicone oil clutch water pump, its characterized in that: the novel clutch comprises a silicone oil clutch front cover, a hub, a driving disc, a separating disc, a control valve rod, a belt pulley, a three-ring bearing, an electric control solenoid, a rotating speed sensor, a signal ring, a pump body rear cover and an impeller, wherein the silicone oil clutch front cover is fixedly connected with the belt pulley, and the belt pulley is connected with an engine crankshaft; the three-ring bearing comprises a central shaft, an inner bearing and an outer bearing, wherein the inner bearing is sleeved on the central shaft, and the outer bearing is sleeved on the inner bearing;
a driving disc, a separating disc and a control valve rod are arranged between the front cover of the silicone oil clutch and the belt pulley, the front end of the central shaft sequentially penetrates through the control valve rod, the separating disc and the driving disc and then stretches into the front cover of the silicone oil clutch, a hub is arranged at the front end part of the central shaft, the separating disc and the driving disc are fixed through press fitting, the driving disc is fixedly connected with the hub, and the control valve rod is arranged between the separating disc and the belt pulley;
the rear end face of the front cover of the silicone oil clutch and the front end face of the driving disc are respectively provided with annular working teeth which are matched with each other, and a gap formed between the meshed annular working teeth forms a working cavity for silicone oil to flow; the front end face of the belt pulley is provided with an annular groove, and an oil storage cavity is formed by the annular groove and the rear end face of the separating disc; the oil outlet and the oil return hole which are communicated with the oil storage cavity and the working cavity are formed in the separating disc, and a valve which is matched with the oil outlet and the oil return hole respectively is arranged on the control valve rod;
the belt pulley is tightly matched with the inner bearing, the pump body rear cover is tightly matched with the outer bearing, an electric control solenoid is arranged between the belt pulley and the pump body rear cover and fixedly connected with the pump body rear cover, the electric control solenoid controls the action of the control valve rod, further controls the on-off of the oil outlet and the oil return hole, and adjusts the silicon oil quantity in the working cavity;
the rear end of the central shaft is sequentially provided with a rotation speed sensor, a signal ring and an impeller, the impeller and the central shaft synchronously rotate, and the rotation speed sensor and the signal ring are integrally assembled and used for collecting the rotation speed of the impeller.
Preferably, the impeller comprises a front cover plate, a rear cover plate and blades of the silicone oil clutch, wherein a plurality of the blades are uniformly arranged on the rear cover plate and are positioned between the front cover plate and the rear cover plate of the silicone oil clutch; an impeller hub is arranged in the middle of the rear cover plate, and a water inlet is formed in the middle of the front cover plate of the silicone oil clutch; the blade comprises a suction surface, a water inlet side, a pressure surface and a water outlet side, wherein the blade inclination angle beta 1 between the pressure surface and the water inlet side is 18-25 degrees, and the blade inclination angle beta 2 between the suction surface and the water inlet side is 20-30 degrees.
Preferably, when the load of the engine is low and enough cooling liquid is not needed, the electric control solenoid receives a PWM signal output by the ECU control unit of the engine, and the electric control solenoid controls the action of the control valve rod, so that the oil outlet is closed, and the oil return hole is opened; the silicon oil in the working cavity flows to the oil storage cavity, the shearing force between the rear end surface of the front cover of the silicon oil clutch and the working teeth on the front end surface of the driving disc is reduced, and the impeller gradually enters idle rotation; the rotating speed of the water pump of the electrically controlled silicone oil clutch is less than 1000rpm.
Preferably, when the load of the engine increases and enough cooling liquid is needed, the electric control solenoid receives a PWM signal output by the ECU control unit of the engine, the electric control solenoid controls the action of the control valve rod, the oil outlet is gradually opened, and the oil return hole is gradually closed; and the silicon oil in the oil storage cavity flows to the working cavity, the shearing force between the rear end surface of the front cover of the silicon oil clutch and the working teeth on the front end surface of the driving disc is increased, and the rotating speed of the impeller is gradually consistent with the rotating speed of the belt pulley.
Preferably, the actual speed of the impeller is steplessly regulated after the signal collected by the engine ECU is input, the actual output speed of the impeller collected by the speed sensor and the signal ring is transmitted to the engine ECU, the engine ECU performs difference comparison between the impeller speed required by the flow of the water pump required by the current period of the engine and the actual speed, and then the compensation PWM value calculated by the PID gain is output to steplessly regulate the impeller speed of the electrically controlled silicone oil water pump again, so that a closed-loop control system is formed.
Preferably, the front cover of the silicone oil clutch is assembled and fixed with the belt pulley through bolts, the design height of the cooling fins on the front cover of the silicone oil clutch is 15-25 mm, the height of the working teeth on the front cover of the silicone oil clutch is 4-6 mm, the width is 0.5-1.2 mm, the tooth distribution diameter is 50-90 mm, and the number of teeth is 4-7.
Preferably, the diameter range of the driving disc is 80-100 mm, the fit radial clearance between the working teeth on the driving disc and the working teeth on the front cover of the silicone oil clutch is 0.3-0.4 mm, and the axial clearance is 0.5-0.7 mm; working tooth height on the driving disk is 4-6 mm, tooth width is 0.5-1.2 mm, and diameter range is 50-90 mm.
Preferably, the belt pulley comprises an outer shell and a built-in stainless steel sleeve with a magnetism isolating function, the separating disc is fixedly clamped on the front end face of the belt pulley, and the built-in stainless steel sleeve is connected with the outer shell through laser welding; the number of the belt teeth on the outer shell is 7-12, and the diameter range of the belt teeth is 110-140 mm; the external diameter of the built-in stainless steel sleeve is 70-90 mm, and the internal diameter is 60-70 mm.
Preferably, the oil storage cavity is in a ring-shaped concave body, the diameter of the outer ring is 95-98 mm, the diameter of the inner ring is 80-87 mm, and the depth of the groove is 8-9 mm.
Preferably, the diameter of the oil outlet hole is 2-4 mm, the diameter of the oil return hole is 2-3 mm, the angle between the two holes is 55-65 degrees, and the reference circle diameter of the two holes is 90-100 mm.
The beneficial effects obtained by the invention are as follows:
1. the invention realizes stepless speed change control of the rotating speed of the impeller of the electrically controlled silicone oil water pump, thereby realizing stable change of the flow of engine coolant, bringing the functions of the electrically controlled silicone oil clutch water pump into play, reducing the oil consumption of the engine better and improving the cooling capacity of the water pump;
2. the invention reduces the influence of cold and hot impact of the cooling system on the engine parts, prolongs the service life of the engine cooling system parts, and particularly when the engine speed is changed frequently;
3. the invention can reduce the fuel consumption of the engine and improve the fuel efficiency of the engine, and can enhance the cooling efficiency of the cooling system in the idle state of the engine; the electronic control silicone oil water pump adopts ECU closed-loop control logic, water flow can be regulated along with the change of engine load or the different temperatures of engine cooling liquid, so that the rotation speed of the water pump impeller is regulated, the reduction of the rotation speed of the impeller can reduce the power consumption of the impeller, and the reduction of the power consumption of the engine is beneficial to the power consumption of the engine, so that the fuel efficiency of the engine can be improved to 50.5 percent (the diesel WP13H engine adopts the technology, and the fuel efficiency of the engine is improved to 50.5 percent from 45 percent of the original technology adopting the direct water pump)
4. The flow of the water pump is variable and controllable, the intelligent accurate control of the flow of the water pump can be carried out according to different loads of the whole vehicle engine and different road conditions and different environment temperatures, the useless power consumption of the impeller is reduced, the efficiency of the water pump is improved, and the efficiency of the present invention can be more than 61%;
5. the electrically controlled silicone oil clutch water pump can solve the problems of quick warm-up of the whole vehicle and easy carbon accumulation during supercooling of the engine, and lays a technical foundation for the design index of long service life of the whole vehicle engine in the future. When the commercial truck is started in winter, as the internal temperature of the engine is too low, the rotation speed of the impeller is uncontrolled by adopting the direct-connected water pump in the past and can change along with the change of the rotation speed of the engine, the rotation speed of the impeller is not reduced to less than 1000rpm, the water flow is led to be large, the engine can not realize rapid internal temperature rise, and the winter warming is not facilitated; when the electronic control silicone oil water pump is adopted to start the engine in winter, the rotating speed of the impeller can be controlled to be reduced by less than 1000rpm to reduce water flow, so that the engine can be quickly warmed up, and the internal temperature of the engine is increased to be beneficial to full combustion of fuel oil and reduce carbon deposition.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an exploded view of an electrically controlled silicone oil clutch water pump of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an electronically controlled silicone oil clutch water pump;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a silicone oil clutch front cover;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the mating of a silicone oil clutch front cover with a drive plate;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of the engagement of the pulley with the split disc;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a control valve stem;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the divider disk;
FIGS. 8-9 are schematic illustrations of the assembly of a control valve stem with a split disc;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the pump body rear cover;
FIGS. 11-13 are schematic structural views of impellers;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the structure of a silicone oil clutch front cover plate;
FIGS. 15-16 are schematic structural views of the back cover plate and blade;
FIGS. 17-18 are schematic structural views of a blade;
FIG. 19 is a schematic view of a three-ring bearing;
FIG. 20 is a control schematic diagram of an electrically controlled silicone oil water pump;
reference numerals: 1. a clutch bolt; 2. a silicone oil clutch front cover; 21. a heat radiation fin; 22. front cover working teeth; 3. clutch O-ring; 4. clutch hub bolts; 5. a hub; 6. a driving disk; 7. a dividing plate; 71. an oil outlet hole; 72. an oil return hole; 8. a control valve stem; 81. a valve; 9. a belt pulley; 91. an outer housing; 92. a stainless steel sleeve is arranged in the inner part; 911. outer housing teeth; 10. a solenoid mounting bolt; 11. an electrically controlled solenoid; 12. a three-ring bearing; 121. a central shaft; 122. an inner bearing; 123. an outer bearing; 13. a rotation speed sensor; 14. a signal ring; 15. sealing water; 16. a pump body rear cover; 17. an impeller; 171. a silicone oil clutch front cover plate; 1711. a vane inlet; 1712. a stepped seal structure; 172. a back cover plate; 1721. an impeller hub; 1722. a pressure balance hole; 173. a blade; 1731. a water inlet edge; 1732. a water outlet edge; 1733. a suction surface; 1734. a pressure surface; 18. an impeller assembly bolt; 1.1, a working cavity; 1.2, an oil storage cavity.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and the specific examples.
As shown in fig. 1-19, the invention discloses an electric control silicone oil clutch water pump, which comprises a silicone oil clutch front cover 2, a hub 5, a driving disc 6, a separating disc 7, a control valve rod 8, a belt pulley 9, a three-ring bearing 12, an electric control solenoid 11, a rotating speed sensor 13, a signal ring 14, a pump body rear cover 16 and an impeller 17, wherein the silicone oil clutch front cover 2 is fixedly connected with the belt pulley 9, and the belt pulley 9 is connected with an engine crankshaft; the three-ring bearing 12 comprises a central shaft 121, an inner bearing 122 and an outer bearing 123, wherein the inner bearing 122 is sleeved on the central shaft 121, and the outer bearing 123 is sleeved on the inner bearing 122; a driving disc 6, a separating disc 7 and a control valve rod 8 are arranged between the front cover 2 of the silicone oil clutch and the belt pulley 9, the front end of a central shaft 121 sequentially penetrates through the control valve rod 8, the separating disc 7 and the driving disc 6 and then stretches into the front cover 2 of the silicone oil clutch, a hub 5 (the hub is used for axial positioning) is arranged at the front end part of the central shaft 121, the separating disc 7 and the driving disc 6 are fixed through press fitting, the driving disc 6 is fixedly connected with the hub 5, and the control valve rod 8 is arranged between the separating disc 7 and the belt pulley 9;
referring to fig. 4, the rear end face of the front cover 2 of the silicone oil clutch and the front end face of the driving disc 6 are provided with annular working teeth which are matched with each other, and after the annular working teeth of the two are meshed with each other, a gap formed between the two working teeth forms a working cavity 1.1 for silicone oil to flow; referring to fig. 5, the front end face of the belt pulley 9 is provided with an annular groove, the annular groove and the rear end face of the separating disc 7 form an oil storage cavity 1.2, the separating disc 7 is provided with an oil outlet hole 71 and an oil return hole 72 (as shown in fig. 7) for communicating the oil storage cavity 1.2 with the working cavity 1.1, and the control valve rod 8 is provided with a valve 81 respectively matched with the oil outlet hole 71 and the oil return hole 72 (as shown in fig. 6, the valve is similar to a rod structure, one end of the valve is matched with the oil outlet hole, and the other end of the valve is matched with the oil return hole);
the belt pulley 9 is tightly matched with the inner bearing 122, the pump body rear cover 16 is tightly matched with the outer bearing 123, an electric control solenoid 11 is arranged between the belt pulley 9 and the pump body rear cover 16, the electric control solenoid 11 is fixedly connected with the pump body rear cover 16, the electric control solenoid 11 controls the action of the control valve rod 8, further controls the on-off of the oil outlet 71 and the oil return 72, and the silicon oil quantity in the working cavity 1.1 is regulated; the rear end of the central shaft 121 is sequentially provided with a rotation speed sensor 13, a signal ring 14 and an impeller 17, the impeller 17 and the central shaft 121 synchronously rotate, and the rotation speed sensor 13 and the signal ring 14 are integrally assembled and used for collecting the rotation speed of the impeller 17.
The electrically controlled silicone oil clutch water pump of the invention can be structurally divided into: the external driving, the internal control and the driven output, and the precision of the rotating speed of the impeller can be precisely controlled to +/-200 rpm through closed loop circulation control.
In terms of external driving: the assembly of the belt pulley 9 and the silicone oil clutch front cover 2 is realized through the clutch bolt 1, the belt pulley 9 is connected with a crankshaft gear train of an engine through a belt, and the electric control silicone oil water pumps are driven through gear train ratios with different speed ratios to obtain different electric control silicone oil water pumps to obtain input rotation speeds. The larger the gear train speed ratio is, the higher the input rotation speed is driven by the outside, the higher the flow and lift indexes of the electric control silicone oil water pump are, but the higher the high-speed-resistant technical requirement on the bearing of the electric control silicone oil water pump is. The belt on the engine crankshaft is connected and matched with the belt pulley 9, and the tension of the belt meets the requirement that no slip contact exists before a gear train.
Internal control aspects: the ECU system of the whole vehicle is connected through the electric control solenoid 11, and can combine different external input conditions of the engine, for example: the engine load, the engine coolant temperature, the EGR and the like, different PWM signals are calculated through PID control of the ECU to accurately control the flow of the water pump in a closed loop mode, and therefore response time and response speed of the water pump of the electrically controlled silicone oil clutch are controlled; meanwhile, the actual rotation speed of the impeller 17 is fed back to an ECU system of the whole vehicle through the electric control solenoid 11, and after the ECU system collects the difference between the actual rotation speed of the impeller 17 and the target rotation speed, a new PWM value is recalculated and input to the electric control silicone oil water pump through PID closed loop control, the output rotation speed of the impeller 17 is continuously adjusted, and the flow of the water pump is adjusted. Application of PID algorithm: p is proportional adjustment, I is integral, D is differential, and the impeller rotating speed is controlled by comprehensively calculating and outputting dynamic change PWM values through mutual constraint of three values, and the average 20us is used as a calculation cycle frequency, so that the PWM value required by the rotating speed of the clutch of the electrically controlled silicone oil water pump can be rapidly found.
Driven output aspect: the invention is internally provided with an oil outlet hole and an oil return hole system, the normal condition belongs to a dynamic counterbalance state, the oil outlet speed and the oil return speed of the oil return hole system are different to determine the conversion and adjustment of the impeller 17, the torque is transmitted to the impeller 17 through the filling quantity of the silicone oil in the working cavity 1.1 between the front cover 2 of the silicone oil clutch and the driving disc 6, the silicone oil quantity of the working cavity 1.1 is controlled by the opening of the oil outlet hole 71 of the internal control valve 8 and the oil storage cavity 1.2, the opening of the control valve rod 8 is influenced by the magnetic force of the electromagnetic coil in the electric control solenoid 11, and the magnetic force intensity of the electromagnetic coil is determined by the PWM value output by the whole vehicle ECU. When the whole vehicle runs normally, the water flow requirement is low when the load is low, the required rotating speed of the electric control silicone oil water pump is low, most of silicone oil is in the oil storage cavity 1.2 at this time, once the engine load is increased or the water temperature is increased, the silicone oil in the oil storage cavity 1.2 enters the working cavity 1.1, and the rotating speed lifting requirement and intelligent control of the impeller 17 are completed.
With reference to fig. 5, the silicone oil clutch front cover 2 and the belt pulley 9 are assembled integrally through the clutch bolt 1, so that the function of providing a power source is realized, the design height of the radiating fins 21 of the silicone oil clutch front cover 2 is 15-25 mm, the temperature in the working cavity 1.11.1 is ensured to be less than 200 ℃, and the service life of the clutch is prolonged; the working teeth 22 of the front cover 2 of the silicone oil clutch have the tooth height of 4-6 mm, the tooth width of 0.5-1.2 mm, the tooth distribution diameter of 50-90 mm and the tooth number of 4-7, and the maximum torque of the clutch can reach 17Nm through the design; the material of the front cover 2 of the silicone oil clutch adopts an aluminum alloy material, so that the front cover is light on one hand and better in heat conduction performance than the traditional stainless steel material on the other hand.
The belt pulley 9 is composed of two parts, namely an outer shell 91 and a built-in stainless steel sleeve 92, in order to ensure the sealing performance of the part, the built-in stainless steel sleeve 92 and the outer shell 91 are manufactured through a laser welding process, the laser welding length is 2-4 mm, the magnetism isolating function of the built-in stainless steel sleeve 92 is realized through the design, and the closed loop magnetic force is not exposed. The number of teeth of the pulley 911 on the outer case 91 is 7 to 12, and the diameter thereof is in the range of 110 to 140mm. The inner stainless steel sleeve 92 has an outer diameter of 70-90 mm and an inner diameter of 60-70 mm. The material of the outer case 91 is an alloy steel material to improve the wear resistance and hardness of the outer case 91.
After the annular working teeth on the front cover 2 of the silicone oil clutch are meshed with the annular working teeth of the driving disc 6, gaps exist to form a working cavity 1.1, when silicone oil is injected, the shearing force of the silicone oil can be transmitted, the silicone oil enters the working cavity 1.1 to form the shearing force, and the injection amount of the silicone oil and the gap allocation of the teeth meet the design value of the torque of the clutch.
The diameter of the driving disk 6 is 80-100 mm, the front end face of the driving disk 6 is provided with annular working teeth to be matched with the annular working teeth on the rear end face of the front cover 2 of the silicone oil clutch, the matching radial clearance between the annular working teeth of the driving disk 6 and the annular working teeth is 0.3-0.4 mm, the axial clearance between the annular working teeth and the annular working teeth is 0.5-0.7 mm, the tooth height of the annular working teeth on the driving disk 6 is 4-6 mm, the tooth width is 0.5-1.2 mm, the diameter is 50-90 mm, the design size is defined so as to meet the maximum torque 17N.m, the driving disk 6 is made of aluminum alloy, heat conduction is facilitated, and the internal temperature of the clutch is ensured to be less than 200 ℃.
The oil storage cavity 1.2 is formed by matching a separating disc 7 and a belt pulley 9, the oil storage cavity 1.2 is in an annular concave body, the diameter of an outer ring is 95-98 mm, the diameter of an inner ring is 80-87 mm, and the depth of a groove is 8-9 mm. The volume design of the oil storage cavity 1.2 can ensure that the silicon oil quantity is kept inside reasonably, and the rotating speed of the clutch in idle speed can be lower than 1000rpm. The silicone oil in the oil reservoir chamber 1.2 can flow into the working chamber 1.1 via the control valve rod 8 and the separating disk 7.
When the control valve rod 8 closes the oil outlet 71, the oil return 72 is in an open state, at this time, the silicone oil in the working cavity 1.1 flows into the oil storage cavity 1.2 due to the centrifugal force, and the clutch is in an idle state, so that the rotation speed of the impeller is reduced, and the flow of the cooling liquid is reduced; when the oil outlet 71 is opened by the control valve rod 8, the oil return hole 72 is in a closed state, and at the moment, the cavity silicone oil in the oil storage cavity 1.2 can continuously flow into the working cavity 1.1, so that the rotating speed of the impeller is increased, and the flow of the cooling fluid is increased.
The separating disc 7 is press-fitted with the driving disc 6 and is mounted on the three-ring bearing 12 together with the clutch hub bolts 4 via the hub 5.
The separating disc 7 is provided with an oil outlet 71 and an oil return 72, wherein the diameter of the oil outlet 71 is 2-4 mm, the diameter of the oil return is 2-3 mm, the angle between the two holes is 55-65 degrees, and the reference circle diameter of the two holes is 90-100 mm.
The electronically controlled solenoid 11 is used to control the action of the valve stem 8 to achieve closed loop adjustment of the impeller 17 speed. The electric control solenoid 11 is assembled on the pump body rear cover 16 through three M6 solenoid mounting bolts 10, a winding with enameled wires is arranged in the electric control solenoid 11, the winding is formed by winding copper wires with the wire diameter of 0.355mm, the number of turns is 800-900 turns, the resistance value of the copper wire winding is 25-30Ω, the resistance value of the copper wire winding is related to a selected silicone oil water pump, and enough magnetic field force is required to be ensured to control the action of the valve rod 8 so as to ensure the normal suction function of the control valve rod. The connector of the electric control solenoid 11 adopts an advanced waterproof technology, the sealing performance can reach the highest IP68 grade, the surface layer of the electric control solenoid 11 is made of nylon 66 material and 30% glass fiber material, and the metal part is made of common carbon steel, so that the high temperature resistance and the strength and the shock resistance of the solenoid 11 are ensured.
The rotation speed sensor 13 is integrally assembled with the signal ring 14 and is interference-fitted on the flange shaft of the three-ring bearing 12. When the three-ring bearing 12 rotates synchronously with the impeller 17, the rotation speed sensor 13 and the signal ring 14 can generate pulse voltage signals as rotation speed outputs by means of the hall effect, for example: when the impeller 17 rotates one revolution, the rotation speed sensor 13 may generate 6 pulse voltage signals as outputs. The rotation speed sensor 13 internally comprises an embedded PCB (printed circuit board) design, and electrical elements such as a capacitor, a flywheel diode and a resistor are arranged on the PCB, so that on one hand, EMC (electro magnetic compatibility) capability of the rotation speed sensor 13 can be improved, and on the other hand, the capability of resisting abnormal current of the whole automobile is improved. The connector of the rotation speed sensor 13 comprises three pins, namely a positive electrode (5V) of a power input, grounding and signal output, which correspond to each other, and the rotation speed sensor 13 is additionally provided with a special fixing unit which can be used for fixing the clutch body so as to prevent failure risk caused by vibration of a wire harness, and a metal nest is arranged in a fixing round hole for assembly.
The signal ring 14 has permanent magnets therein, which can be divided into N, S stages, and when the magnetic stage of the signal ring 14 enters the sensitive area of the rotation speed sensor 13, the rotation speed sensor 13 outputs a pulse voltage signal with alternating high and low levels as an output based on the hall effect.
In order to effectively solve the leakage problem of the cooling liquid, the water seal 15 and the pump body rear cover 16 are assembled in an interference mode, the most advanced water seal design structure of German KCAO is adopted, and the water storage ring structure is additionally arranged, so that friction force of the cooling liquid is reduced, and the service life of the water seal 15 is prolonged. The diameter of the flange hole in the water seal 15 is 12-16 mm, and the flange hole can be assembled with the flange of the tricyclic bearing 12.
The pump body rear cover 16 is matched with the volute of the engine end and the impeller 17, and the positions of water inlet and water outlet of the engine end are structurally considered, so that the situation that the pump body rear cover is not matched with the engine due to design deviation is avoided. Based on the purpose of light weight, the pump body rear cover 16 is made of aluminum alloy materials, and the pump body rear cover 16 is designed by adopting a special sealing groove: the angle (1-2 degrees) of the groove is increased, so that the anisotropic sealing gasket is easy to assemble and the sealing gasket before assembly is prevented from falling off.
The performance of the electrically controlled silicone oil clutch water pump of the invention depends on a key part impeller 17, and the impeller 17 and an impeller assembly bolt 18 are assembled on a flange shaft of the three-ring bearing 12. The impeller 17 is press-fitted on the three-ring bearing 12, and the impeller mounting bolts 18 are used for fixation to prevent axial play.
The impeller 17 of the electrically controlled silicone oil clutch water pump is made of PPS-GF40, has a diameter ranging from 120 mm to 135mm, and can meet the flow and lift requirements of most engine platforms. When the impeller 17 rotates, a negative pressure area is formed in the middle of the impeller 17, and under the action of the negative pressure, the cooling liquid flows into the impeller 17 from the water inlet of the volute, flows along the water channel of the volute after centrifugal pressurization, and flows out from the water outlet of the volute.
In one embodiment, the impeller 17 is a "closed" impeller, and the flow, head and efficiency of the pump are improved over conventional "open" or "semi-open" impellers.
As shown in conjunction with fig. 11 to 18, in the present embodiment, the impeller 17 includes a front cover plate 171, a rear cover plate 172, and vanes 173, and a plurality of vanes 173 are uniformly arranged on the rear cover plate 172 between the front cover plate 171 and the rear cover plate 172; the middle part of the rear cover plate 172 is provided with an impeller hub 1721, and the middle part of the front cover plate 171 is provided with a water inlet 1711; as shown in connection with fig. 15-18, the vane 173 includes a suction surface 1733, a water inlet side 1731, a pressure surface 1734, and a water outlet side 1732, wherein a blade pitch β1 between the pressure surface 1734 and the water inlet side 1731 is 18 ° to 25 °, and a blade pitch β2 between the suction surface 1733 and the water inlet side 1731 is 20 ° to 30 ° (as shown in the following table: β1=18° to 25 °, β2=20° to 30 °, and the water pump performance is optimal).
In one embodiment, the impeller hub 1721 is of a unique hexagonal design, and is of alloy steel with a diameter of 27-30 mm. The design can strengthen the strength of the hub to resist the impact of cooling liquid on the impeller hub 1721, and prolong the service life of the impeller hub 1721; the viscosity of the injection molding can be improved, and the impeller hub 1721 and the blades 173 can be better combined, so that the phenomenon of shaking or even falling off of the impeller during high-speed rotation can be prevented.
The edge of the impeller hub 1721 is uniformly distributed with pressure balance 1722, and the pressure balance 1722 is arranged on the back cover plate 172 and used for balancing the pressure difference at two sides of the back cover plate 172, which belongs to one of the most economical and effective methods for reducing the axial force borne by the impeller 17. The pitch circle diameter of the pressure balancing hole 1722 needs to be obtained by combining the distribution rule of cooling hydraulic pressure in specific use, and the diameter of the pressure balancing hole 1722 needs to be obtained by FEA simulation to obtain the optimal solution.
In an embodiment, the middle part of the front cover plate 171 is provided with a circular water inlet 1711, the diameter of the water inlet 1711 is the same as that of the water inlet of the volute, when the impeller 17 rotates, cooling liquid can enter through the water inlet of the volute and the water inlet 1711 of the impeller, a special sealing structure 1712 is arranged at the edge of the water inlet 1711, the sealing structure 1712 adopts a sectional ladder design and comprises a protruding structure, and the cooling liquid can be prevented from flowing into the impeller 17 from a gap between the front cover plate 171 and the volute; the front end surface of the front cover plate 171 is provided with a unique inclination design, and the inclination is consistent with the inclination of the matching volute, so that the matching gap uniformity of the front cover plate 171 and the volute can be ensured; the rear end face of the front cover plate 171 is also inclined and parallel to the front end face of the front cover plate 171, and the inclined structure can reduce friction force between the front cover plate 171 and the cooling liquid during flowing, so that the cooling liquid can move conveniently, and the thickness of the whole front cover plate 171 is 2-3 mm, and the front cover plate 171 is quite light and thin.
In this embodiment, a plurality of blades 173 are disposed on the back cover 172, the channels between adjacent blades 173 are diversion channels, and the thickness of the whole back cover 172 is 2-3 mm, which is very light and thin.
In this embodiment, the blades 173 are located between the front cover plate 171 and the rear cover plate 172, the blades 173 can provide centrifugal force and push the cooling liquid to flow out of the water outlet of the volute along the diversion channel, and considering the stability of the cooling liquid flow, the blades 173 are arranged in a central symmetry manner, and the number of the blades 173 is 6-8; the thickness of the vane 173 is varied, the thickness of the water inlet side 1731 and the water outlet side 1732 is 2mm, so that the coolant can be discharged, and the main point of action of the coolant is in the middle of the vane 173, where the thickness is about 2.5mm. The blades 173 have a height ranging from 13 to 18mm, and the boundaries of the blades 173 include a suction side 1733, a water inlet side 1731, a pressure side 1734, and a water outlet side 1732.
In this embodiment, the water inlet edge 1731 adopts a unique cambered surface design and adopts a chamfer transition with the suction surface 1733 and the pressure surface 1734, and the water inlet edge 1731 is used for introducing cooling liquid; the pressure surface 1734 has a lower pressure, and the pressure surface 1734 is a working surface of the impeller and bears a higher pressure, the suction surface 1733 and the pressure surface 1734 are both designed to be plane in accordance with fluid mechanics so as to reduce friction force generated when the cooling liquid flows, and the water outlet edge 1732 is designed to be arc surface so as to accelerate the cooling liquid to flow out.
As shown in figure 20, the invention carries out stepless speed regulation on the actual speed of the impeller 17 of the electrically controlled silicone oil clutch water pump after the ECU of the engine collects relevant signal input, and carries out the speed control of the impeller 17 by the PWM value input to the electrically controlled silicone oil clutch water pump by the ECU. The actual output rotation speed of the impeller 17 is collected by the rotation speed sensor 13 and the signal ring 14 and is transmitted to an engine ECU system, the impeller rotation speed required by the water pump flow required by the current period of the engine is compared with the actual rotation speed by the difference, and then the output PID gain calculated compensation PWM value is used for stepless speed regulation of the impeller rotation speed of the electrically controlled silicone oil water pump again, so that a closed-loop control system is formed. The greater the engine load, the more coolant is required to prevent overheating of the engine cylinders and the exhaust gas recirculation cooling device, which is most relevant to the surrounding environment, and the setting of the impeller speed requires periodic acquisition of the engine load signal. More cooling liquid is needed before the engagement of the silicone oil fan of the engine, at the moment, the needed signal can be transmitted to the ECU system for signal collection, namely, the needed signal is used as the input of the silicone oil clutch book pump, the impeller speed of the silicone oil clutch water pump is regulated under the requirements of different stages, the risk of low service lives of other parts caused by long-time running of the impeller is reduced, and meanwhile, the effect of reducing the power consumption of the engine is achieved.
When the control magnetic coil of the water pump of the electrically controlled silicone oil clutch receives the PWM signal output by the ECU control unit of the engine, magnetic force lines are formed, and the control valve rod 8 can perform on/off action under the magnetic force of cutting the magnetic force lines, so that the silicone oil quantity of the working cavity inside the silicone oil clutch is adjusted. The oil storage cavity 1.2 of the silicone oil clutch is formed by enclosing the belt pulley 9 and the separating disc 7, when the engine load is low and enough cooling liquid is not needed, the silicone oil of the electrically controlled silicone oil clutch can be in the oil storage cavity 1.2, when the engine ECU collects relevant input information and does not need the high-speed running of the clutch water pump impeller, the PWM value is controlled to be 100 percent in high level, and the rotating speed of the electrically controlled silicone oil clutch water pump is less than 1000rpm. Because the silicone oil quantity in the working cavity 1.1 is reduced and reaches the oil storage cavity 1.2, the rotating speed of the water pump impeller 17 is in an idling state, vibration is reduced, and the power consumption of the engine is reduced. When the ECU collects relevant input information and needs the water pump impeller to run at a high speed, the ECU inputs PWM to be 0 low level, the control valve rod 8 opens the oil outlet 71 (the silicone oil in the oil storage cavity 1.2 gradually flows into the working cavity 1.1), and the clutch water pump is engaged and outputs a high rotation speed.
The input signals to the engine ECU include: engine load, coolant temperature, retarder signal, air conditioner compressor signal, EGR signal, etc., which are mostly related to the surrounding environment. The ECU can periodically acquire the input signals, and based on an internal algorithm, sends different PWM signals to the electrically controlled silicone oil water pump under the requirements of different stages so as to adjust the rotating speed of the impeller 17, reduce the damage to the service life of other components caused by long-time operation of the impeller 17, and simultaneously play a role in reducing the power consumption of the engine.
When the electronic control silicone oil water pump receives the PWM signal output by the ECU control unit of the engine, a magnetic field is formed inside the electronic control silicone oil water pump, and an internal control valve rod is opened or closed under the action of magnetic force so as to adjust the silicone oil quantity in a working cavity of the electronic control silicone oil water pump, and the rotating speed of the impeller 17 is adjusted by means of the viscous force of the silicone oil, so that the rotating speed of the impeller 17 is closer to the rotating speed of the engine when the silicone oil quantity is larger, and conversely, the rotating speed of the impeller 17 is lower when the silicone oil quantity is smaller. For example: when the load of the engine is low and the cooling system does not need excessive cooling liquid, the ECU sends a PWM value of 100% high level, at the moment, the silicone oil in the working cavity of the electric control silicone oil water pump is very little, the rotating speed of the impeller 17 is less than 1000rpm, the impeller 17 is in an idling state, vibration is reduced, and meanwhile, the power consumption of the engine is reduced; when the ECU collects relevant input information and needs the impeller 17 to run at a high speed, the ECU inputs PWM to be 0 low level, at the moment, the silicone oil can continuously flow into a working cavity in the electric control silicone oil water pump, the electric control silicone oil water pump can enter a meshing state, and the impeller 17 can output a high rotating speed.
The real-time rotating speed of the impeller 17 can be fed back to an engine ECU system by means of a rotating speed sensor inside the electric control silicone oil water pump based on the Hall effect, the ECU can carry out PID adjustment according to the deviation value of the current target rotating speed and the fed back actual rotating speed, calculate the PWM value to be compensated, update the target rotating speed and transmit the PWM value to the electric control silicone oil water pump again so as to continuously adjust the rotating speed of the impeller 17, realize stepless speed regulation, and finally the track rotating speed of the impeller 17 is quickly approximate to the target rotating speed.
The electrically controlled silicone oil water pump is driven by connecting a belt pulley with the crankshaft of the engine, and the driving source is from the rotating speed of the engine. The internal working effective structure of the electric control silicone oil water pump is divided into a working cavity 1.1 and an oil storage cavity 1.2, the rotating speed of the impeller can be increased after the working cavity of the electric control silicone oil water pump is filled with the silicone oil, and once the silicone oil in the working cavity flows back to the oil storage cavity, the rotating speed of the impeller is reduced.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles and main structural features of the present invention. The present invention is not limited to the above examples, and various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (1)
1. An automatically controlled silicone oil clutch water pump, its characterized in that: comprises a silicone oil clutch front cover, a hub, a driving disc, a separating disc, a control valve rod, a belt pulley, a three-ring bearing, an electric control solenoid, a rotating speed sensor, a signal ring, a pump body rear cover and an impeller,
the silicone oil clutch front cover is fixedly connected with the belt pulley, and the belt pulley is connected with the engine crankshaft; the three-ring bearing comprises a central shaft, an inner bearing and an outer bearing, wherein the inner bearing is sleeved on the central shaft, and the outer bearing is sleeved on the inner bearing;
a driving disc, a separating disc and a control valve rod are arranged between the front cover of the silicone oil clutch and the belt pulley, the front end of the central shaft sequentially penetrates through the control valve rod, the separating disc and the driving disc and then stretches into the front cover of the silicone oil clutch, a hub is arranged at the front end part of the central shaft, the separating disc and the driving disc are fixed through press fitting, the driving disc is fixedly connected with the hub, and the control valve rod is arranged between the separating disc and the belt pulley;
the rear end face of the front cover of the silicone oil clutch and the front end face of the driving disc are respectively provided with annular working teeth which are matched with each other, and a gap formed between the meshed annular working teeth forms a working cavity for silicone oil to flow; the front end face of the belt pulley is provided with an annular groove, and an oil storage cavity is formed by the annular groove and the rear end face of the separating disc; the oil outlet and the oil return hole which are communicated with the oil storage cavity and the working cavity are formed in the separating disc, and a valve which is matched with the oil outlet and the oil return hole respectively is arranged on the control valve rod;
the belt pulley is tightly matched with the inner bearing, the pump body rear cover is tightly matched with the outer bearing, an electric control solenoid is arranged between the belt pulley and the pump body rear cover and fixedly connected with the pump body rear cover, the electric control solenoid controls the action of the control valve rod, further controls the on-off of the oil outlet and the oil return hole, and adjusts the silicon oil quantity in the working cavity;
the rear end of the central shaft is sequentially provided with a rotation speed sensor, a signal ring and an impeller, the impeller and the central shaft synchronously rotate, and the rotation speed sensor and the signal ring are integrally assembled and are used for collecting the rotation speed of the impeller;
when the load of the engine is low and enough cooling liquid is not needed, the electric control solenoid receives a PWM signal output by an ECU control unit of the engine, the electric control solenoid controls a control valve rod to act, an oil outlet is closed, and an oil return hole is opened; the silicon oil in the working cavity flows to the oil storage cavity, the shearing force between the rear end surface of the front cover of the silicon oil clutch and the working teeth on the front end surface of the driving disc is reduced, and the impeller gradually enters idle rotation; the rotating speed of the water pump of the electrically controlled silicone oil clutch is less than 1000rpm;
when the load of the engine is increased and enough cooling liquid is needed, the electric control solenoid receives a PWM signal output by an ECU control unit of the engine, the electric control solenoid controls a control valve rod to act, an oil outlet is gradually opened, and an oil return hole is gradually closed; the silicone oil in the oil storage cavity flows to the working cavity, the shearing force between the rear end face of the front cover of the silicone oil clutch and the working teeth on the front end face of the driving disc is increased, and the rotating speed of the impeller is gradually consistent with the rotating speed of the belt pulley;
the method comprises the steps that after signals acquired by an engine ECU are input, the actual speed of an impeller is steplessly regulated, the actual output speed of the impeller acquired by a speed sensor and a signal ring is transmitted to the engine ECU, the engine ECU performs difference comparison between the impeller speed required by the flow of a water pump required by the current period of the engine and the actual speed, and then outputs a compensation PWM value calculated by PID gain to steplessly regulate the speed of the impeller of the electrically controlled silicone oil water pump again, so that a closed-loop control system is formed;
the impeller comprises a front cover plate, a rear cover plate and blades of the silicone oil clutch, wherein a plurality of blades are uniformly arranged on the rear cover plate and are positioned between the front cover plate and the rear cover plate of the silicone oil clutch; an impeller hub is arranged in the middle of the rear cover plate, and a water inlet is formed in the middle of the front cover plate of the silicone oil clutch; the blade comprises a suction surface, a water inlet side, a pressure surface and a water outlet side, wherein the blade inclination angle beta 1 between the pressure surface and the water inlet side is 18-25 degrees, and the blade inclination angle beta 2 between the suction surface and the water inlet side is 20-30 degrees; the front cover of the silicone oil clutch is assembled and fixed with the belt pulley through bolts, the design height of the radiating fins on the front cover of the silicone oil clutch is 15-25 mm, the height of the working teeth on the front cover of the silicone oil clutch is 4-6 mm, the width is 0.5-1.2 mm, the tooth distribution diameter is 50-90 mm, and the number of teeth is 4-7; the diameter range of the driving disc is 80-100 mm, the fit radial clearance between the working teeth on the driving disc and the working teeth on the front cover of the silicone oil clutch is 0.3-0.4 mm, and the axial clearance is 0.5-0.7 mm; working tooth height on the driving disc is 4-6 mm, tooth width is 0.5-1.2 mm, and diameter range is 50-90 mm; the belt pulley comprises an outer shell and a built-in stainless steel sleeve with a magnetism isolating function, the separating disc is fixedly clamped on the front end face of the belt pulley, and the built-in stainless cylinder sleeve is connected with the outer shell through laser welding; the number of the belt teeth on the outer shell is 7-12, and the diameter range of the belt teeth is 110-140 mm; the external diameter of the built-in stainless steel sleeve is 70-90 mm, and the internal diameter is 60-70 mm; the oil storage cavity is in a ring-shaped concave body, the diameter of the outer ring is 95-98 mm, the diameter of the inner ring is 80-87 mm, and the depth of the groove is 8-9 mm; the diameter of the oil outlet hole is 2-4 mm, the diameter of the oil return hole is 2-3 mm, the angle between the two holes is 55-65 degrees, and the reference circle diameter of the two holes is 90-100 mm.
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| CN115013137B (en) * | 2022-08-01 | 2022-10-18 | 龙口中宇热管理系统科技有限公司 | Electric control silicon oil speed regulation water pump |
| CN115750062B (en) * | 2022-11-23 | 2023-09-15 | 无锡惠山泵业有限公司 | Clutch water pump |
| CN116066484B (en) * | 2023-03-13 | 2023-07-18 | 龙口中宇热管理系统科技有限公司 | Automobile-used automatically controlled silicon oil speed governing water pump and vehicle |
| CN117134545B (en) * | 2023-10-27 | 2024-01-12 | 厚华(天津)动力科技有限公司 | Efficient heat dissipation hub motor |
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| CN105422250A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-03-23 | 东风贝洱热系统有限公司 | Eclectically-controlled silicon oil clutch water pump |
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