CN114411295B - Superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn - Google Patents

Superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114411295B
CN114411295B CN202111562802.8A CN202111562802A CN114411295B CN 114411295 B CN114411295 B CN 114411295B CN 202111562802 A CN202111562802 A CN 202111562802A CN 114411295 B CN114411295 B CN 114411295B
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China
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fiber
rotor
superfine
composite yarn
short
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CN114411295A (en
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史倩倩
汪军
曾泳春
张玉泽
肖岚
龚以炜
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Donghua University
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Donghua University
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
    • D02G3/04—Blended or other yarns or threads containing components made from different materials
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
    • D01D5/098—Melt spinning methods with simultaneous stretching
    • D01D5/0985—Melt spinning methods with simultaneous stretching by means of a flowing gas (e.g. melt-blowing)
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
    • D01H4/00—Open-end spinning machines or arrangements for imparting twist to independently moving fibres separated from slivers; Piecing arrangements therefor; Covering endless core threads with fibres by open-end spinning techniques
    • D01H4/04—Open-end spinning machines or arrangements for imparting twist to independently moving fibres separated from slivers; Piecing arrangements therefor; Covering endless core threads with fibres by open-end spinning techniques imparting twist by contact of fibres with a running surface
    • D01H4/08—Rotor spinning, i.e. the running surface being provided by a rotor
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
    • D02G3/40—Yarns in which fibres are united by adhesives; Impregnated yarns or threads
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
    • D10B2201/01—Natural vegetable fibres
    • D10B2201/02—Cotton
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
    • D10B2201/01—Natural vegetable fibres
    • D10B2201/04—Linen
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
    • D10B2201/20—Cellulose-derived artificial fibres
    • D10B2201/22—Cellulose-derived artificial fibres made from cellulose solutions
    • D10B2201/24—Viscose
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2321/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D10B2321/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polyolefins
    • D10B2321/022—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polyolefins polypropylene
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2321/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D10B2321/04—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polymers of halogenated hydrocarbons
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2321/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D10B2321/10—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polymers of unsaturated nitriles, e.g. polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene cyanide
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
    • D10B2331/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
    • D10B2331/04—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyesters, e.g. polyethylene terephthalate [PET]

Abstract

The invention relates to a superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn, which is integrally in a rotor yarn structure and consists of superfine fibers and short fibers, wherein the superfine fibers and the short fibers are compounded through mechanical entanglement and cohesion and thermal bonding; the yarn evenness variation coefficient of the superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn is less than or equal to 12.0%, the breaking strength is 13.0-30.0 cN/tex, the breaking strength variation coefficient is less than or equal to 8%, and the double-sided bending cycle number is more than 4000. The superfine fibers spun by a melt-blowing method are uniformly compounded in the rotor yarn, the superfine fibers are not easy to fall off, the composite yarn has good structural stability and durability, the mechanical property of the composite yarn is strong, and the subsequent processability is high; the superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn can be used for preparing textiles with better filtering performance and thermal insulation performance due to the fact that the superfine fibers are compounded, so that the superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn has higher added value.

Description

Superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of spinning, and relates to superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn.
Background
In recent years, high value added textiles are becoming increasingly popular in the marketplace. The superfine fiber yarn has the advantages of high heat insulation, heat preservation, adsorption, sound absorption, filtration and other functional effects due to the fact that the yarn structure is fluffy and the pores are many, so that the superfine fiber yarn has high added value and wide market prospect. At present, the technical proposal of spinning by utilizing superfine fibers mainly comprises two steps, namely, the superfine fibers are formed into chemical fiber bundles and then are spun into superfine fiber yarns by a spinning process, but the superfine fiber chemical fiber bundles are basically formed by superfine fiber nets, so that the orientation degree of the superfine fibers in the chemical fiber bundles is poor, and the mechanical strength of the prepared superfine fiber yarns is poor; secondly, the superfine fiber and the chemical fiber filament are compounded in a mechanical entanglement mode or the superfine fiber is coated on the surfaces of the chemical fiber filament and the yarn, but the superfine fiber in the superfine fiber composite yarn prepared by the method is unevenly distributed and is mostly adhered to the surface of the yarn, so that the functional effect of the superfine fiber yarn is affected, and meanwhile, the superfine fiber composite yarn spun by the method is very easy to fall off in the subsequent processing process due to the weaker mechanical property of the superfine fiber, so that the stability and durability of the superfine fiber composite yarn spun by the method are poor, and the comprehensive performance of subsequent textiles is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provide the superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn which is uniform in composition, stable in structure and strong in mechanical property and processability.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn is integrally in a rotor yarn structure and consists of superfine fibers and short fibers, wherein the superfine fibers and the short fibers are compounded through mechanical entanglement and cohesion generated by twisting and thermal bonding effect generated by residual temperature of the superfine fibers;
the diameter of the superfine fiber is 1-5 mu m; the linear density of the short fiber is 1.0-5.0 dtex, and the length is 10-50 mm.
As a preferable technical scheme:
the superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn has the fineness of 10-100 tex and the twist of 50-150 twists/10 cm.
The superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn comprises the superfine fiber and the short fiber rotor composite yarn, wherein the mass content of the superfine fiber in the superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn is 0.1-20.0wt%.
A microfiber/staple rotor composite yarn as described above, wherein the microfiber is produced by a melt blown spinning process.
The superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn is characterized in that the raw materials for melt-blowing spinning are polypropylene, polyester, polyamide, polylactic acid, polytrifluoroethylene or polyamide ester.
The superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn is characterized in that the short fiber is cotton, flax, viscose, terylene or acrylic fiber.
The superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn is prepared by mixing and condensing the superfine fiber and the short fiber in a rotor of a rotor spinning device and then twisting the mixed and condensed superfine fiber and the short fiber into yarn.
The superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn has the advantages that the superfine fiber and the short fiber in the superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn are uniformly compounded, the evenness degree of the composite yarn is good, the evenness degree variation coefficient of the composite yarn is less than or equal to 12.0 percent (the test method is referred to the third section of the tenth chapter of textile materials experiment technology), the mechanical property and the processability of the composite yarn are strong, the yarn structure is stable, the breaking strength is 13.0-30.0 cN/tex, the breaking strength variation coefficient is less than or equal to 8 percent (the test method is referred to the second section of the twelfth chapter of textile materials experiment technology), meanwhile, the durability of the composite yarn is good, and the double-sided bending cycle number (the test method is referred to the fourth section of the twelfth chapter of textile materials science) is more than 4000 times.
The principle of the invention is as follows:
the superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn provided by the invention is realized by combining a melt-blown spinning technology and a rotor spinning technology. The spinning component of the melt-blown spinning box is embedded into the rotor spinning device, so that the superfine fiber prepared by melt-blown spinning can be directly mixed with the short fiber conveyed by the fiber conveying channel in the coagulation groove of the rotor, and twisted into yarn under the high-speed rotation action of the rotor. Because the superfine fibers and the short fibers are continuously mixed in the coagulation tank and twisted into yarns, the superfine fibers can be randomly and uniformly distributed in the rotor yarn body, and the formed rotor composite yarns are not easy to untwist and fall off due to the twisting effect and the characteristics of rotor spinning air flow yarn forming, and the rotor composite yarns have good structural stability and strong subsequent processability. Meanwhile, the mechanical properties of the rotor composite yarn are strong due to the mechanical entanglement and embracing effect among the short fibers, between the short fibers and the superfine fibers generated by twisting and the thermal bonding effect among the superfine fibers and between the superfine fibers and the short fibers in the rotor composite yarn. In addition, the rotor composite yarn only comprises short fibers and superfine fibers, so that the rotor composite yarn has more pores, the specific surface area of the yarn body is large, and the yarn body structure is fluffy, so that the rotor composite yarn has better functional effect in subsequent use.
The beneficial effects are that:
(1) The superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn disclosed by the invention is prepared by uniformly compositing superfine fibers spun by a melt blowing method into the rotor yarn, wherein the superfine fibers are not easy to fall off, the composite yarn has good structural stability and durability, and the composite yarn has strong mechanical property and high subsequent processability.
(2) The superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn disclosed by the invention can be used for preparing textiles with better filtering performance and thermal insulation performance due to the fact that the superfine fibers are compounded, so that the superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn has higher added value.
(3) The superfine fiber type in the superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn can be changed along with the melt-blown spinning high polymer raw material, so that the prepared composite yarn has diversity, thereby having stronger practicability and higher economic value.
(4) The superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn can be realized by combining the melt-blown spinning box with a rotor spinning device, and has short production flow and high production efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a microfiber/staple fiber cup composite yarn according to the present invention, wherein the broken line is the contour of the microfiber/staple cup composite yarn;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a device for preparing a microfiber/staple rotor composite yarn;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an apparatus for producing a microfiber/staple rotor composite yarn (facing the direction of the outlet of the fiber conveying passage);
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a fiber transport channel;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an apparatus for producing a microfiber/staple rotor composite yarn (facing the melt blown manifold direction).
Wherein, 1-superfine fiber; 2-short fibers; 3-rotating cup; 4-rotor spinner cover; 5 a fiber conveying channel; 6-false twisting disc; 7-yarn drawing tubes; 8-a coagulation tank; 9-screw extruder; 10-a metering pump; 11-a meltblowing die; 12-spinning holes; 13-a hot air chamber; 14-a hot air pipe; 15-cold air chamber.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below in conjunction with the detailed description. It is to be understood that these examples are illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it is understood that various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teachings of the present invention, and such equivalents are intended to fall within the scope of the claims appended hereto.
Example 1
A superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn is prepared by adopting a preparation device of the superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn.
As shown in fig. 2 to 5, the preparation device of the ultra fine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn comprises a melt-blowing spinning box for spinning ultra fine fiber and a rotor spinning device for coagulating, mixing and twisting the ultra fine fiber and short fiber into yarn; the melt-blown spinning box comprises a screw extruder 9, a metering pump 10, a melt-blown die head 11 with a spinneret orifice 12, two hot air chambers 13 for hot drawing and a hot air pipe 14; the cross section of the spinneret orifice 12 is circular, and the diameter of the spinneret orifice is 0.1mm; the number of orifices 12 on the meltblowing die 11 is 3; the rotor spinning device comprises a rotor 3 embedded with a coagulation tank 8 and a rotor spinning device cover 4; the rotor spinning device cover 4 is provided with a fiber conveying channel 5, a false twist disc 6 and a yarn drawing tube 7; the yarn drawing tube 7 and the false twisting disc 6 are respectively positioned at the upper side and the lower side of the rotor spinning cover 4, the yarn drawing tube 7 passes through the rotor spinning cover 4 to be connected with the false twisting disc 6, and the center lines of the false twisting disc 6, the yarn drawing tube 7 and the rotor 3 are overlapped; the fiber conveying channel 5 obliquely penetrates through the upper side and the lower side of the rotor spinning cover 4, the outlet of the fiber conveying channel is positioned in the rotor 3, and the inlet of the fiber conveying channel is connected with the carding roller; the rotor spinning cover 4 is also provided with holes which are adapted to the melt-blowing die head 11 and the hot air pipe 14 in the melt-blowing spinning box and penetrate through the upper side and the lower side of the rotor spinning cover 4; the spinneret orifices 12 on the melt-blowing die head 11 are positioned in the rotor 3 and are opposite to the coagulation tank 8; one end of the two hot air pipes 14 positioned in the rotary cup 3 faces the superfine fibers sprayed out by the spinneret orifices 12, and the other end of the two hot air pipes is respectively connected with a hot air chamber 13; the two hot air chambers 13 and the two hot air pipes 14 are symmetrically distributed about the melt-blowing die head, and the included angle between the hot air pipes 14 and the melt-blowing die head 11 is 15 degrees; the included angle between the center line of the melt-blowing die head 11 and the center line of the fiber conveying channel 5 is 20 degrees; the screw extruder 9 and the metering pump 10 are both positioned on the side of the rotor spinning cover 4 opposite to the rotor 3, and the metering pump 10 is respectively connected with the screw extruder 9 and the melt-blowing die head 11; a cold air chamber 15 is connected to the air inlet of the rotor spinning device.
The preparation process parameters are as follows:
the diameter of the rotor cup 3 is 40mm; the rotating speed of the rotating cup is 90000r/min; the negative pressure of the outlet of the rotary cup is-9000 Pa; the rotating speed of the carding roller is 10000r/min; the melting temperature of the screw extruder is 180 ℃, and the highest melting pressure is 20bar; the input and output sections of the metering pump are respectively provided with a pressure sensor, and the driving power is 1.5kW; the hot air chamber is provided with a hot air heating system comprising a blower and an air heater, wherein the temperature of compressed air in the hot air chamber is 250 ℃, the single-hole extrusion amount of a spinning hole is 0.02ghm, and the spinning speed is 500m/min.
As shown in FIG. 1, the final superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn is in a rotor yarn structure and consists of superfine fibers 1 and short fibers 2, wherein the superfine fibers 1 are polypropylene fibers with the diameter of 1 mu m, and the short fibers 2 are cotton fibers with the length of 25mm and the linear density of 2.0 dtex; the superfine fibers 1 and the short fibers 2 are compounded through mechanical entanglement cohesion and thermal bonding; the fineness of the superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn is 10tex, and the twist is 150 twists/10 cm; the yarn forming speed of the superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn is 60m/min; the mass content of the superfine fiber in the superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn is 0.1wt%; the superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn has a yarn evenness variation coefficient of 11.9%, a breaking strength of 24.8cN/tex, a breaking strength variation coefficient of 7.9% and a double-sided bending cycle number of 4250.
Example 2
A superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn is prepared by adopting a preparation device of the superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn.
The preparation device of the superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn comprises a melt-blowing spinning box and a rotor spinning device, wherein the melt-blowing spinning box is used for spinning superfine fibers, and the rotor spinning device is used for coagulating, mixing and twisting the superfine fibers and the short fibers into yarn; the melt-blown spinning box comprises a screw extruder 9, a metering pump 10, a melt-blown die head 11 with a spinneret orifice 12, two hot air chambers 13 for hot drawing and a hot air pipe 14; the cross section of the spinneret orifice 12 is circular, and the diameter of the spinneret orifice is 0.1mm; the number of orifices 12 on the meltblowing die 11 is 6; the rotor spinning device comprises a rotor 3 embedded with a coagulation tank 8 and a rotor spinning device cover 4; the rotor spinning device cover 4 is provided with a fiber conveying channel 5, a false twist disc 6 and a yarn drawing tube 7; the yarn drawing tube 7 and the false twisting disc 6 are respectively positioned at the upper side and the lower side of the rotor spinning cover 4, the yarn drawing tube 7 passes through the rotor spinning cover 4 to be connected with the false twisting disc 6, and the center lines of the false twisting disc 6, the yarn drawing tube 7 and the rotor 3 are overlapped; the fiber conveying channel 5 obliquely penetrates through the upper side and the lower side of the rotor spinning cover 4, the outlet of the fiber conveying channel is positioned in the rotor 3, and the inlet of the fiber conveying channel is connected with the carding roller; the rotor spinning cover 4 is also provided with holes which are adapted to the melt-blowing die head 11 and the hot air pipe 14 in the melt-blowing spinning box and penetrate through the upper side and the lower side of the rotor spinning cover 4; the spinneret orifices 12 on the melt-blowing die head 11 are positioned in the rotor 3 and are opposite to the coagulation tank 8; one end of the two hot air pipes 14 positioned in the rotary cup 3 faces the superfine fibers sprayed out by the spinneret orifices 12, and the other end of the two hot air pipes is respectively connected with a hot air chamber 13; the two hot air chambers 13 and the two hot air pipes 14 are symmetrically distributed about the melt-blowing die head, and the included angle between the hot air pipes 14 and the melt-blowing die head 11 is 15 degrees; the included angle between the center line of the melt-blowing die head 11 and the center line of the fiber conveying channel 5 is 60 degrees; the screw extruder 9 and the metering pump 10 are both positioned on the side of the rotor spinning cover 4 opposite to the rotor 3, and the metering pump 10 is respectively connected with the screw extruder 9 and the melt-blowing die head 11; a cold air chamber 15 is connected to the air inlet of the rotor spinning device.
The preparation process parameters are as follows:
the diameter of the rotor cup 3 is 46mm; the rotating speed of the rotating cup is 80000r/min; the negative pressure of the outlet of the revolving cup is-8000 Pa; the rotating speed of the carding roller is 9000r/min; the melting temperature of the screw extruder is 180 ℃, and the highest melting pressure is 20bar; the input and output sections of the metering pump are respectively provided with a pressure sensor, and the driving power is 1.5kW; the hot air chamber is provided with a hot air heating system comprising a blower and an air heater, wherein the temperature of compressed air in the hot air chamber is 250 ℃, the single-hole extrusion amount of a spinning hole is 0.02ghm, and the spinning speed is 500m/min.
The whole of the finally prepared superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn is in a rotor yarn structure and consists of superfine fibers 1 and short fibers 2, wherein the superfine fibers 1 are polypropylene fibers with the diameter of 1 mu m, and the short fibers 2 are cotton fibers with the length of 25mm and the linear density of 2.0 dtex; the superfine fibers 1 and the short fibers 2 are compounded through mechanical entanglement cohesion and thermal bonding; the fineness of the superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn is 30tex, and the twist is 100 twists/10 cm; the yarn forming speed of the superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn is 80m/min; the mass content of the superfine fiber in the superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn is 5.0wt%; the superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn has a yarn evenness variation coefficient of 11.5%, a breaking strength of 26.4cN/tex, a breaking strength variation coefficient of 7.7% and double-sided bending cycle number of 4330.
Example 3
A superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn is prepared by adopting a preparation device of the superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn.
The preparation device of the superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn comprises a melt-blowing spinning box and a rotor spinning device, wherein the melt-blowing spinning box is used for spinning superfine fibers, and the rotor spinning device is used for coagulating, mixing and twisting the superfine fibers and the short fibers into yarn; the melt-blown spinning box comprises a screw extruder 9, a metering pump 10, a melt-blown die head 11 with a spinneret orifice 12, two hot air chambers 13 for hot drawing and a hot air pipe 14; the cross section of the spinneret orifice 12 is circular, and the diameter of the spinneret orifice is 0.3mm; the number of orifices 12 on the meltblowing die 11 is 10; the rotor spinning device comprises a rotor 3 embedded with a coagulation tank 8 and a rotor spinning device cover 4; the rotor spinning device cover 4 is provided with a fiber conveying channel 5, a false twist disc 6 and a yarn drawing tube 7; the yarn drawing tube 7 and the false twisting disc 6 are respectively positioned at the upper side and the lower side of the rotor spinning cover 4, the yarn drawing tube 7 passes through the rotor spinning cover 4 to be connected with the false twisting disc 6, and the center lines of the false twisting disc 6, the yarn drawing tube 7 and the rotor 3 are overlapped; the fiber conveying channel 5 obliquely penetrates through the upper side and the lower side of the rotor spinning cover 4, the outlet of the fiber conveying channel is positioned in the rotor 3, and the inlet of the fiber conveying channel is connected with the carding roller; the rotor spinning cover 4 is also provided with holes which are adapted to the melt-blowing die head 11 and the hot air pipe 14 in the melt-blowing spinning box and penetrate through the upper side and the lower side of the rotor spinning cover 4; the spinneret orifices 12 on the melt-blowing die head 11 are positioned in the rotor 3 and are opposite to the coagulation tank 8; one end of the two hot air pipes 14 positioned in the rotary cup 3 faces the superfine fibers sprayed out by the spinneret orifices 12, and the other end of the two hot air pipes is respectively connected with a hot air chamber 13; the two hot air chambers 13 and the two hot air pipes 14 are symmetrically distributed about the melt-blowing die head, and the included angle between the hot air pipes 14 and the melt-blowing die head 11 is 45 degrees; the included angle between the center line of the melt-blowing die head 11 and the center line of the fiber conveying channel 5 is 90 degrees; the screw extruder 9 and the metering pump 10 are both positioned on the side of the rotor spinning cover 4 opposite to the rotor 3, and the metering pump 10 is respectively connected with the screw extruder 9 and the melt-blowing die head 11; a cold air chamber 15 is connected to the air inlet of the rotor spinning device.
The preparation process parameters are as follows:
the diameter of the rotor cup 3 is 52mm; the rotating speed of the rotating cup is 70000r/min; the negative pressure of the outlet of the rotary cup is-7000 Pa; the rotating speed of the carding roller is 8000r/min; the melting temperature of the screw extruder is 270 ℃, and the highest melting pressure is 20bar; the input and output sections of the metering pump are respectively provided with a pressure sensor, and the driving power is 1.5kW; the hot air chamber is provided with a hot air heating system comprising a blower and an air heater, wherein the temperature of compressed air in the hot air chamber is 290 ℃, the single-hole extrusion amount of a spinning hole is 0.05ghm, and the spinning speed is 1500m/min.
The whole of the finally prepared superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn is in a rotor yarn structure and consists of superfine fibers 1 and short fibers 2, wherein the superfine fibers 1 are polyester fibers with the diameter of 5 mu m, and the short fibers 2 are viscose fibers with the length of 35mm and the linear density of 1.5 dtex; the superfine fibers 1 and the short fibers 2 are compounded through mechanical entanglement cohesion and thermal bonding; the fineness of the superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn is 50tex, and the twist is 70 twists/10 cm; the yarn forming speed of the superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn is 100m/min; the mass content of the superfine fiber in the superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn is 10.0wt%; the superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn has a yarn evenness variation coefficient of 11.6%, a breaking strength of 27.1cN/tex, a breaking strength variation coefficient of 7.2% and double-sided bending cycle times of 4480.
Example 4
A superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn is prepared by adopting a preparation device of the superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn.
The preparation device of the superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn comprises a melt-blowing spinning box and a rotor spinning device, wherein the melt-blowing spinning box is used for spinning superfine fibers, and the rotor spinning device is used for coagulating, mixing and twisting the superfine fibers and the short fibers into yarn; the melt-blown spinning box comprises a screw extruder 9, a metering pump 10, a melt-blown die head 11 with a spinneret orifice 12, two hot air chambers 13 for hot drawing and a hot air pipe 14; the cross section of the spinneret orifice 12 is circular, and the diameter of the spinneret orifice is 0.2mm; the number of orifices 12 on the meltblowing die 11 is 40; the rotor spinning device comprises a rotor 3 embedded with a coagulation tank 8 and a rotor spinning device cover 4; the rotor spinning device cover 4 is provided with a fiber conveying channel 5, a false twist disc 6 and a yarn drawing tube 7; the yarn drawing tube 7 and the false twisting disc 6 are respectively positioned at the upper side and the lower side of the rotor spinning cover 4, the yarn drawing tube 7 passes through the rotor spinning cover 4 to be connected with the false twisting disc 6, and the center lines of the false twisting disc 6, the yarn drawing tube 7 and the rotor 3 are overlapped; the fiber conveying channel 5 obliquely penetrates through the upper side and the lower side of the rotor spinning cover 4, the outlet of the fiber conveying channel is positioned in the rotor 3, and the inlet of the fiber conveying channel is connected with the carding roller; the rotor spinning cover 4 is also provided with holes which are adapted to the melt-blowing die head 11 and the hot air pipe 14 in the melt-blowing spinning box and penetrate through the upper side and the lower side of the rotor spinning cover 4; the spinneret orifices 12 on the melt-blowing die head 11 are positioned in the rotor 3 and are opposite to the coagulation tank 8; one end of the two hot air pipes 14 positioned in the rotary cup 3 faces the superfine fibers sprayed out by the spinneret orifices 12, and the other end of the two hot air pipes is respectively connected with a hot air chamber 13; the two hot air chambers 13 and the two hot air pipes 14 are symmetrically distributed about the melt-blowing die head, and the included angle between the hot air pipes 14 and the melt-blowing die head 11 is 30 degrees; the included angle between the center line of the melt-blowing die head 11 and the center line of the fiber conveying channel 5 is 120 degrees; the screw extruder 9 and the metering pump 10 are both positioned on the side of the rotor spinning cover 4 opposite to the rotor 3, and the metering pump 10 is respectively connected with the screw extruder 9 and the melt-blowing die head 11; a cold air chamber 15 is connected to the air inlet of the rotor spinning device.
The preparation process parameters are as follows:
the diameter of the rotor cup 3 is 56mm; the rotating speed of the rotating cup is 60000r/min; the negative pressure of the outlet of the rotary cup is-5000 Pa; the rotating speed of the carding roller is 6000r/min; the melting temperature of the screw extruder is 270 ℃, and the highest melting pressure is 20bar; the input and output sections of the metering pump are respectively provided with a pressure sensor, and the driving power is 1.5kW; the hot air chamber is provided with a hot air heating system comprising a blower and an air heater, wherein the temperature of compressed air in the hot air chamber is 290 ℃, the single-hole extrusion amount of a spinning hole is 0.0315ghm, and the spinning speed is 1000m/min.
The whole of the finally prepared superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn is in a rotor yarn structure and consists of superfine fibers 1 and short fibers 2, wherein the superfine fibers 1 are polyester fibers with the diameter of 3 mu m, and the short fibers 2 are polyester fibers with the length of 30mm and the linear density of 2.5 dtex; the superfine fibers 1 and the short fibers 2 are compounded through mechanical entanglement cohesion and thermal bonding; the fineness of the superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn is 70tex, and the twist is 50 twists/10 cm; the yarn forming speed of the superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn is 120m/min; the mass content of the superfine fiber in the superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn is 15.0wt%; the superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn has a yarn evenness variation coefficient of 11.1%, a breaking strength of 28.5cN/tex, a breaking strength variation coefficient of 6.1% and a double-sided bending cycle number of 4510.
Example 5
A superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn is prepared by adopting a preparation device of the superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn.
The preparation device of the superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn comprises a melt-blowing spinning box and a rotor spinning device, wherein the melt-blowing spinning box is used for spinning superfine fibers, and the rotor spinning device is used for coagulating, mixing and twisting the superfine fibers and the short fibers into yarn; the melt-blown spinning box comprises a screw extruder 9, a metering pump 10, a melt-blown die head 11 with a spinneret orifice 12, two hot air chambers 13 for hot drawing and a hot air pipe 14; the cross section of the spinneret orifice 12 is circular, and the diameter of the spinneret orifice is 0.1mm; the number of orifices 12 on the meltblowing die 11 was 50; the rotor spinning device comprises a rotor 3 embedded with a coagulation tank 8 and a rotor spinning device cover 4; the rotor spinning device cover 4 is provided with a fiber conveying channel 5, a false twist disc 6 and a yarn drawing tube 7; the yarn drawing tube 7 and the false twisting disc 6 are respectively positioned at the upper side and the lower side of the rotor spinning cover 4, the yarn drawing tube 7 passes through the rotor spinning cover 4 to be connected with the false twisting disc 6, and the center lines of the false twisting disc 6, the yarn drawing tube 7 and the rotor 3 are overlapped; the fiber conveying channel 5 obliquely penetrates through the upper side and the lower side of the rotor spinning cover 4, the outlet of the fiber conveying channel is positioned in the rotor 3, and the inlet of the fiber conveying channel is connected with the carding roller; the rotor spinning cover 4 is also provided with holes which are adapted to the melt-blowing die head 11 and the hot air pipe 14 in the melt-blowing spinning box and penetrate through the upper side and the lower side of the rotor spinning cover 4; the spinneret orifices 12 on the melt-blowing die head 11 are positioned in the rotor 3 and are opposite to the coagulation tank 8; one end of the two hot air pipes 14 positioned in the rotary cup 3 faces the superfine fibers sprayed out by the spinneret orifices 12, and the other end of the two hot air pipes is respectively connected with a hot air chamber 13; the two hot air chambers 13 and the two hot air pipes 14 are symmetrically distributed about the melt-blowing die head, and the included angle between the hot air pipes 14 and the melt-blowing die head 11 is 15 degrees; the included angle between the center line of the melt-blowing die head 11 and the center line of the fiber conveying channel 5 is 160 degrees; the screw extruder 9 and the metering pump 10 are both positioned on the side of the rotor spinning cover 4 opposite to the rotor 3, and the metering pump 10 is respectively connected with the screw extruder 9 and the melt-blowing die head 11; a cold air chamber 15 is connected to the air inlet of the rotor spinning device.
The preparation process parameters are as follows:
the diameter of the rotor cup 3 is 66mm; the rotating speed of the rotating cup is 25000r/min; the negative pressure of the outlet of the rotary cup is minus 3000Pa; the rotating speed of the carding roller is 4000r/min; the melting temperature of the screw extruder is 280 ℃, and the highest melting pressure is 20bar; the input and output sections of the metering pump are respectively provided with a pressure sensor, and the driving power is 1.5kW; the hot air chamber is provided with a hot air heating system comprising a blower and an air heater, wherein the temperature of compressed air in the hot air chamber is 300 ℃, the single-hole extrusion amount of a spinning hole is 0.02ghm, and the spinning speed is 500m/min.
The whole of the finally prepared superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn is in a rotor yarn structure and consists of superfine fibers 1 and short fibers 2, wherein the superfine fibers 1 are polyamide fibers with the diameter of 1 mu m, and the short fibers 2 are acrylic fibers with the length of 35mm and the linear density of 3.0 dtex; the superfine fibers 1 and the short fibers 2 are compounded through mechanical entanglement cohesion and thermal bonding; the fineness of the superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn is 100tex, and the twist is 50 twists/10 cm; the yarn forming speed of the superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn is 50m/min; the mass content of the superfine fiber in the superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn is 20.0wt%; the superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn has a yarn evenness variation coefficient of 10.8%, a breaking strength of 29.3cN/tex, a breaking strength variation coefficient of 6.4% and a double-sided bending cycle number of 4640 times.

Claims (6)

1. A superfine fiber/staple fiber rotor composite yarn characterized by: the superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn is integrally in a rotor yarn structure and consists of superfine fibers and short fibers;
the diameter of the superfine fiber is 1-5 mu m; the linear density of the short fibers is 1.0-5.0 dtex, and the length of the short fibers is 10-50 mm;
the yarn evenness variation coefficient of the superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn is less than or equal to 12.0%, the breaking strength is 13.0-30.0 cN/tex, the breaking strength variation coefficient is less than or equal to 8%, and the double-sided bending cycle times are more than 4000;
the superfine fiber is obtained by spinning a spinning part of a melt-blowing spinning box embedded in a rotor spinning device; the superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn is prepared by mixing and condensing the superfine fiber and the short fiber conveyed by a fiber conveying channel in a rotor of a rotor spinning device and then twisting the mixed and condensed superfine fiber/short fiber into yarn; the ultra-fine fibers and the short fibers are combined by mechanical entanglement and cohesion due to twisting and thermal bonding due to the residual temperature of the ultra-fine fibers.
2. The superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn according to claim 1, wherein the fineness of the superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn is 10-100 tex, and the twist is 50-150 twists/10 cm.
3. The superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn according to claim 1, wherein the superfine fiber/short fiber rotor composite yarn comprises 0.1-20.0wt% of superfine fiber.
4. The microfiber/staple rotor composite yarn as claimed in claim 1, wherein the microfiber is produced by a melt-blown spinning process.
5. The microfiber/staple fiber cup composite yarn as claimed in claim 4 wherein the melt blown spun material is polypropylene, polyester, polyamide, polylactic acid, polytrifluoroethylene or polyamide ester.
6. The microfiber/staple fiber rotor composite yarn as claimed in claim 1, wherein the staple fiber is cotton, flax, viscose, dacron or acrylic.
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