CN114411055A - 220 MPa-grade bake-hardening high-strength steel and production method thereof - Google Patents

220 MPa-grade bake-hardening high-strength steel and production method thereof Download PDF

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CN114411055A
CN114411055A CN202111654940.9A CN202111654940A CN114411055A CN 114411055 A CN114411055 A CN 114411055A CN 202111654940 A CN202111654940 A CN 202111654940A CN 114411055 A CN114411055 A CN 114411055A
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percent
equal
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mpa
bake
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王立辉
齐建军
孙力
潘应君
柯德庆
宋青
董伊康
张青
赵林林
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Wuhan University of Science and Engineering WUSE
HBIS Co Ltd
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Wuhan University of Science and Engineering WUSE
HBIS Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/004—Very low carbon steels, i.e. having a carbon content of less than 0,01%
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0205—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips of ferrous alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
    • C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
    • C21D8/0236—Cold rolling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium

Abstract

The invention discloses 220 MPa-grade bake-hardening high-strength steel and a production method thereof, wherein the steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: less than or equal to 0.0013 percent of C, 0.031-0.037 percent of Si, 0.53-0.59 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.010 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.003 percent of S, 0.067-0.079 percent of Al, less than or equal to 93C/12 percent of Nb, 0.0030-0.0060 percent of Ti, 0.0045-0.0065 percent of N, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. The high-strength steel avoids secondary processing brittleness caused by high P content, avoids cost increase caused by high microalloy element content, reasonably utilizes Si element remained in molten iron and N element remained in molten steel, obtains strength, and ensures bake-hardening performance and good aging performance; the performance indexes of the high-strength steel are as follows: the yield strength is 240-252 MPa, the tensile strength is 350-375 MPa, the elongation is more than or equal to 41%, the plastic strain ratio r90 is more than or equal to 2.0, the n90 is more than or equal to 0.21, and the BH value is 40-45 MPa.

Description

220 MPa-grade bake-hardening high-strength steel and production method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a bake-hardening steel and a production method thereof, in particular to a 220 MPa-grade bake-hardening high-strength steel and a production method thereof.
Background
The Bake Hardening (Bake Hardening) steel has lower yield strength in a supply state after annealing, hot galvanizing and leveling, and is suitable for stamping; the produced stamping part is influenced by temperature in the subsequent painting and baking processes, and the yield strength is improved; this increase is referred to as the bake hardening value, BH value for short. Bake-hardened steels have received much attention in automotive outer covers due to their higher strength, good dent resistance, and cold formability. The basic principle of the bake hardening steel is that the strain aging phenomenon of the steel plate is utilized, certain free C and/or N atoms are kept in the steel plate, after the steel plate is stamped into an outer covering part and is subjected to surface baking finish, the free C and/or N atoms are diffused to dislocation in a microstructure to form a Coriolis air mass to promote the yield strength of the part to be increased, the dent resistance of the part is improved, and the organic combination of the product strength, the deep punching performance and the dent resistance of the part is realized.
The automobile outer cover is required to have good bake-hardening properties and anti-aging properties in addition to certain strength, formability and dent resistance, and is required to avoid secondary work brittleness. With the continuous development of light weight manufacturing of automobiles, for example, four doors and two covers of the automobiles are thinned from 0.7mm to 0.65mm or even 0.60 mm. Due to the gradual thinning of the outer covering part, the baking hardening steel plate is gradually transited from 180MPa level to 220MPa level. For the research on the 220 MPa-grade baking hardened steel plate, the chemical component C content of the '220 MPa-grade cold-rolled baking hardened steel with yield strength and the production method thereof' disclosed by the patent publication No. CN101497959A (Wuhan iron and Steel group company) is 0.05-0.10%, and the steel plate belongs to low-carbon baking hardened steel; however, the steel has the defects of over high C content and insufficient fixed C element microalloy amount, and the solid solution carbon content is difficult to control stably in the industrial production process, so that the bake hardening value is unstable, the effective period at room temperature can only be ensured within 3 months, and stamping cracking and tensile strain marks on the surface of a part are easily caused during stamping of a steel plate. An ultra-low carbon bake-hardened steel sheet and a production method thereof, disclosed in patent publication No. CN109161814A (Tangshan Steel group, Ltd.), has a high P content (0.045-0.060%) in the chemical components; the material is difficult to be used in the environment of extremely cold weather in northern China, particularly in northeast China, and when the material is in extremely cold weather, the grain boundary segregation of the microstructure of the P element easily causes the secondary processing brittleness to generate part cracking, thereby causing automobile safety accidents; the material adopts single Nb to fix a part of C, which can cause large fluctuation of r value, low n value, high yield strength and higher recrystallization temperature, leads to unstable performance and energy waste caused by high recrystallization temperature, and the industrial batch production can not be stably connected and transited with other steels, thus reducing the product percent of pass; meanwhile, the content range (0.0008-0.0015%) of the solid solution C is combined, so that the product expiration date cannot exceed 3 months, and orange peel stamping or cracking is easily caused when stamping is performed after the product expiration date exceeds 3 months, so that the expiration date is very unfavorable for market application when the current automobile development direction, particularly the new energy vehicle manufacturing requirement, needs to be ensured for 6 months. Patent publication No. CN105970094A (Wuhan Steel products Co., Ltd.) discloses "a method for producing a galvanized bake-hardened steel sheet for automobile outer panels", in which a chemical composition system is also adopted by single Nb microalloying, resulting in large strength fluctuation and low plastic strain ratio (r value), and the coating is only an electrogalvanizing coating, and cold-rolled continuous annealed products and hot-galvanized products produced by a continuous annealing production line and a hot-galvanized production line are not described.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing 220 MPa-grade bake-hardening high-strength steel which has stable bake-hardening value, strong aging resistance and good comprehensive performance; the invention also provides a production method of the 220 MPa-level bake-hardening high-strength steel with stable and controllable process.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following chemical components in percentage by mass: less than or equal to 0.0013 percent of C, 0.031-0.037 percent of Si, 0.53-0.59 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.010 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.003 percent of S, 0.067-0.079 percent of Al, less than or equal to 93C/12 percent of Nb, 0.0030-0.0060 percent of Ti, 0.0045-0.0065 percent of N, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities; the 93C/12 is the carbon content × 93 ÷ 12.
The chemical components of the invention comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 0.0010 to 0.0013 percent of C, 0.031 to 0.037 percent of Si, 0.53 to 0.59 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.010 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.003 percent of S, 0.067 to 0.079 percent of Al, less than or equal to 93C/12 percent of Nb, 0.0030 to 0.0060 percent of Ti, 0.0045 to 0.0065 percent of N, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
The chemical components of the invention also comprise V0.03-0.05% and/or B0.001-0.004%.
The method comprises the following steps: the cold-rolled steel sheet is obtained by adopting the processes of steelmaking, hot rolling, cold rolling and continuous annealing, or the galvanized steel sheet is obtained by adopting the processes of steelmaking, hot rolling, cold rolling, continuous annealing and galvanizing.
The continuous annealing process of the cold-rolled steel sheet comprises the following steps: annealing treatment is carried out at a soaking temperature of 770-780 ℃, then cooling is carried out at a cooling speed of 20-25 ℃/s to 300-320 ℃ for aging treatment of 150-200 s, and finally cooling is carried out to room temperature.
The continuous annealing process of the galvanized steel sheet comprises the following steps: annealing treatment is carried out at the soaking temperature of 780-790 ℃, and then the steel plate is cooled to 460-480 ℃ at the cooling speed of 30-35 ℃/s in the cooling section for galvanization.
Adopt the produced beneficial effect of above-mentioned technical scheme to lie in: (1) the invention is executed through reasonable chemical composition design and process design, in particular, the Nb and Ti composite micro-alloying of the steel plate is assisted by a certain amount of C, N, Si, Mn and other elements for solid solution strengthening and precipitation strengthening, a certain amount of low-cost Si element is fully utilized, the galvanizing performance is not influenced, the N element contained in the molten steel is fully utilized, and the production raw material cost and the denitrification process cost are reduced; a certain amount of solid solution N is utilized to obtain a stable baking hardening value, namely a BH value, instead of completely relying on single solid solution C to obtain the BH value in the prior art; (2) the annealing temperature is utilized to adjust the high-temperature decomposition amount of NbC to obtain a proper amount of free carbon, and the lower heat treatment temperature is adopted, so that the energy is saved, and the national double-carbon emission reduction requirement is met; (3) the product realizes the 220 MPa-grade bake-hardening high-strength steel with good mechanical property, bake-hardening property, surface coating property and corrosion resistance, has good aging resistance, does not generate aging within 6 months or even 8 months, and ensures that the car and the enterprise do not generate the aging phenomenon within a long time and do not generate the orange peel phenomenon on the surface of the stamped part; (4) the high plastic strain ratio and the high strain hardening index are obtained, so that the forming property is ideal and no cracking phenomenon is caused; (5) the size of the deformed part is kept stable, and the painted part has good dent resistance and corrosion resistance; (6) can be used for manufacturing the outer plate of the car engine cover, the wing plate and the side wall outer plate, and has good market application prospect.
The invention avoids the secondary processing brittleness caused by high P content, avoids the cost increase caused by high microalloy element content, reasonably utilizes the residual Si element in molten iron and the residual N element in the molten steel, obtains the strength and simultaneously ensures the bake-hardening performance and good aging performance; the performance indexes of the invention are as follows: the yield strength is 240-252 MPa, the tensile strength is 350-375 MPa, the elongation is more than or equal to 41%, the plastic strain ratio r90 is more than or equal to 2.0, the n90 is more than or equal to 0.21, and the BH value is 40-45 MPa.
Through reasonable chemical component design and a matched process, the obtained steel plate has good mechanical property, baking hardenability and ageing resistance, and the steel plate stamping part is ensured to have good dent resistance and ageing resistance and strong part size stability.
Drawings
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a metallographic microstructure of a cold rolled steel sheet obtained by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a metallographic microstructure of a galvanized steel sheet obtained according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Examples 1 to 8: the 220 MPa-level bake-hardening high-strength steel and the production method thereof are concretely described as follows.
(1) Examples 1 to 4 were cold rolled steel sheets obtained by using steel making, hot rolling, cold rolling and continuous annealing processes; examples 5 to 8 were conducted by carrying out steel making, hot rolling, cold rolling, continuous annealing, and galvanizing to obtain galvanized steel sheets; the steel-making and hot-rolling processes of the cold-rolled steel plate and the galvanized steel plate are the same.
1) The steel making process comprises the following steps: adopting converter, LF refining and RH refining processes; detecting 300-500 ppm of oxygen at the steelmaking end point of the converter and 200-300 ppm of oxygen at the RH decarburization end point by adopting a TSO probe; the alloy additions (ferrotitanium, ferroniobium, ferromanganese, aluminum particles and vanadium and/or boron) were based on the carbon-nitrogen content, i.e., 1000 x molten steel weight ([ target component ] - [ molten steel component ])/(alloy yield x alloy content).
2) The hot rolling step: precipitation behavior of second phase particles, deformation and recrystallization of austenite, and ferrite transformation occur.
3) The cold rolling process comprises the following steps: high cold rolling reduction is adopted to obtain good {111} plane favorable texture, so that high plastic strain ratio r value is obtained. The cold rolling reduction rate of the cold-rolled steel plate is more than or equal to 81 percent; the cold rolling reduction rate of the galvanized steel sheet is more than or equal to 75 percent.
4) The continuous annealing process comprises the following steps: the heat treatment is a key link for determining the size of microscopic grains, the form, distribution and size of precipitates of the steel plate material, and finally determines the mechanical property, the bake-hardening property and the aging property of the steel plate.
The continuous annealing process of the cold-rolled steel sheet comprises the following steps: annealing at a soaking temperature of 770-780 ℃, cooling to 300-320 ℃ at a cooling speed of 20-25 ℃/s in a cooling section for aging for 150-200 s, and finally cooling to room temperature, wherein the flattening reduction rate is 1.50-1.70%; the thickness of the obtained cold-rolled steel plate is 0.60-0.70 mm.
The continuous annealing process of the galvanized steel sheet comprises the following steps: annealing treatment is carried out at the soaking temperature of 780-790 ℃, and then the steel plate is cooled to 460-480 ℃ at the cooling speed of 30-35 ℃/s in the cooling section for galvanization.
5) The galvanizing procedure comprises the following steps: cooling the galvanized steel plate to room temperature at the speed of 10-20 ℃/s, wherein the rolling reduction rate is 1.50-1.70%; the thickness of the obtained galvanized steel plate is 0.60-0.70 mm.
The specific production processes of the above processes in the examples are shown in table 1, wherein examples 1-4 are the processes for delivering products by cold rolling continuous annealing, and examples 5-8 are the processes for delivering products by hot dip galvanizing.
Table 1: detailed production Process of Each example
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
(2) The chemical compositions of the products obtained in the respective examples are shown in table 2, the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities in table 2, and the present invention is not limited to the chemical compositions in table 2.
Table 2: chemical composition of the product obtained in each example
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
(3) As can be seen from the figures 1 and 2, the metallographic structures of the cold-rolled steel plate and the galvanized steel plate obtained by the method are ferrite, and the grain sizes are both 8 grades; the performance indexes of the cold-rolled steel plate and the galvanized steel plate are as follows: the yield strength is 240-252 MPa, the tensile strength is 350-375 MPa, the elongation is more than or equal to 41%, the plastic strain ratio r90 is more than or equal to 2.0, the n90 is more than or equal to 0.21, and the BH value is 40-45 MPa. The mechanical properties, bake-hardening properties and aging properties of the steel sheets obtained in the examples are shown in Table 3.
Table 3: mechanical properties, bake-hardening Properties and aging Properties of the Steel sheets obtained in the examples
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
。

Claims (6)

1. The 220 MPa-grade bake-hardening high-strength steel is characterized by comprising the following chemical components in percentage by mass: less than or equal to 0.0013 percent of C, 0.031-0.037 percent of Si, 0.53-0.59 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.010 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.003 percent of S, 0.067-0.079 percent of Al, less than or equal to 93C/12 percent of Nb, 0.0030-0.0060 percent of Ti, 0.0045-0.0065 percent of N, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
2. The 220MPa grade bake hardening high strength steel of claim 1, wherein: the chemical components comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 0.0010 to 0.0013 percent of C, 0.031 to 0.037 percent of Si, 0.53 to 0.59 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.010 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.003 percent of S, 0.067 to 0.079 percent of Al, less than or equal to 93C/12 percent of Nb, 0.0030 to 0.0060 percent of Ti, 0.0045 to 0.0065 percent of N, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
3. The 220MPa grade bake hardening high strength steel according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the chemical components also comprise 0.03-0.05% of V and/or 0.001-0.004% of B.
4. A method for producing 220MPa grade bake-hardening high strength steel according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: the cold-rolled steel sheet is obtained by adopting the processes of steelmaking, hot rolling, cold rolling and continuous annealing, or the galvanized steel sheet is obtained by adopting the processes of steelmaking, hot rolling, cold rolling, continuous annealing and galvanizing.
5. The method for producing the 220MPa grade bake-hardening high-strength steel according to claim 4, wherein the continuous annealing process of the cold-rolled steel sheet is as follows: annealing treatment is carried out at a soaking temperature of 770-780 ℃, then cooling is carried out at a cooling speed of 20-25 ℃/s to 300-320 ℃ for aging treatment of 150-200 s, and finally cooling is carried out to room temperature.
6. The production method of 220MPa grade bake-hardening high-strength steel according to claim 4, characterized in that the continuous annealing process of the galvanized steel sheet is as follows: annealing treatment is carried out at the soaking temperature of 780-790 ℃, and then the steel plate is cooled to 460-480 ℃ at the cooling speed of 30-35 ℃/s in the cooling section for galvanization.
CN202111654940.9A 2021-12-31 2021-12-31 220 MPa-grade bake-hardening high-strength steel and production method thereof Pending CN114411055A (en)

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