CN114409400A - Potassium-sodium niobate-based leadless piezoelectric ceramic and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Potassium-sodium niobate-based leadless piezoelectric ceramic and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- BITYAPCSNKJESK-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassiosodium Chemical compound [Na].[K] BITYAPCSNKJESK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- ZKATWMILCYLAPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium pentoxide Chemical compound O=[Nb](=O)O[Nb](=O)=O ZKATWMILCYLAPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009694 cold isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- WMWLMWRWZQELOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Bi]O[Bi]=O WMWLMWRWZQELOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CJNBYAVZURUTKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Hf]=O CJNBYAVZURUTKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000137852 Petrea volubilis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000010532 solid phase synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010344 co-firing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 27
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010345 tape casting Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of functional ceramic materials, in particular to potassium-sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the invention adopts a solid phase method to directly prepare the ceramic powder into the potassium sodium niobate based leadless piezoelectric ceramic with a multilayer structure, thereby realizing good temperature stability. The components of each layer of the multilayer structure potassium sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic prepared by the preparation method can be regulated, each layer of ceramic has a multiphase coexisting structure, and the transition temperature is increased from one layer to the other layer in sequence. Each layer of the composition employs similar chemical compositions to ensure good co-firing and easy control of diffusion at high temperatures. Finally, the obtained multilayer potassium sodium niobate-based piezoelectric ceramic sample has high piezoelectric performance and good temperature stability. The preparation method has the advantages of simple and convenient operation, short period, low cost and low energy consumption.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of functional ceramic materials, in particular to potassium-sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The piezoelectric material can realize direct conversion of electric energy and mechanical energy through positive and negative piezoelectric effect, is a key material of a sensor and an actuator, and is widely applied to the fields of biomedical treatment, advanced manufacturing, electronic information, aerospace and the like. Among various lead-free ceramics, potassium sodium niobate (KNN) ceramics have attracted researchers' interest due to their higher piezoelectric characteristics and curie temperature. Extensive research has focused on the construction of rhombus-tetragonal R-T (or rhombus-orthorhombic-tetragonal R-O-T) phase boundaries for achieving the extra-high voltage electrical coefficient (d)33)(>500pC/N) making it comparable to lead-based piezoelectric materials. Many application scenarios require piezoelectric materials with excellent temperature stability. Unlike the Morphotropic Phase Boundary (MPB) of PZT-based piezoelectric ceramics, which is almost temperature-independent, the phase boundary of KNN-based ceramics has strong piezoelectric temperature dependence, and is affected not only by the components but also by the temperature. If the environmental temperature deviates from the phase transition temperature, the piezoelectric response of the potassium sodium niobate-based ceramic is rapidly reduced, and the temperature stability is poor. Although the electric properties can be significantly improved by constructing the phase transition around room temperature, the temperature stability is also lowered. The stability of piezoelectric materials, in addition to enhancing piezoelectric properties, is also of great importance for practical applications, particularly for those involving high temperature operations such as fuel injectors, gas velocity sensors, and the like. It is important to maintain temperature stability while changing the multiphase coexistence of the KNN-based ceramics. The prior patent adopts a tape casting method to prepare multilayer ceramics so as to improve the strain stability of KNN-based ceramics. However, the high production cost and the complicated synthesis process severely limit the wide application thereof in the piezoelectric device.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve, in part, the problems of the prior art, based on the single-layer Li previously studied by the applicantx(K0.48-xNa0.52)Nb1-ySbyO3-BaZrO3-(Na0.5Bi0.5)HfO3-MnO2When the environmental temperature exceeds the phase transition temperature, the piezoelectric performance of the series ceramics is rapidly reduced, so that the temperature stability of the series ceramics is poor, and the ceramic materials are severely limitedAnd (5) practical application of the material.
In view of the above, the present invention provides a potassium sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic and a preparation method thereof, wherein a solid phase method is adopted to prepare a multilayer potassium sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic having continuous R-O-T phase transition in a wide temperature range on the basis of a plurality of potassium sodium niobate-based piezoelectric ceramic powders having R-O-T phase transition, so as to achieve good temperature stability while maintaining large piezoelectric performance in a wide temperature range.
The embodiment of the invention provides potassium-sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramics, which are multilayer, and the molecular structural formula of each layer of potassium-sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramics is as follows:
Lix(K0.48-xNa0.52)Nb1-ySbyO3-BaZrO3-(Na0.5Bi0.5)HfO3-MnO2
wherein x and y are mole fractions, x is more than or equal to 0 and less than 0.48, and y is more than or equal to 0 and less than 0.5.
In some embodiments, in each of the layers of the potassium sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramics, x values of the layers are different from each other, and y values of the layers are different from each other.
The embodiment of the invention provides a preparation method of potassium sodium niobate based leadless piezoelectric ceramics, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing potassium-sodium niobate-based piezoelectric ceramic powder with various different components;
(2) laying the potassium sodium niobate-based piezoelectric ceramic powder with various components obtained in the step (1) into a plurality of layers, and carrying out cold isostatic pressing treatment to prepare a multilayer potassium sodium niobate-based piezoelectric material blank;
(3) calcining the multilayer potassium-sodium niobate-based piezoelectric material blank in the step (2) to obtain a multilayer potassium-sodium niobate-based piezoelectric ceramic material;
(4) and (4) polishing the multilayer potassium sodium niobate-based piezoelectric ceramic material obtained in the step (3) by using sand paper, and respectively coating silver electrodes on the upper surface and the lower surface of the multilayer potassium sodium niobate-based piezoelectric ceramic material. And then carrying out polarization treatment at 100 ℃ and 30kV so as to test the piezoelectric property of the potassium-sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic.
The above embodiment of the present invention has the advantages that: direct introduction of Li by solid phase methodx(K0.48-xNa0.52)Nb1-ySbyO3-BaZrO3-(Na0.5Bi0.5)HfO3-MnO2The potassium-sodium niobate based lead-free piezoelectric ceramics with a multilayer structure prepared from the series of ceramic powders has adjustable and controllable components, thereby realizing large d retention33And simultaneously has good temperature stability.
In some embodiments, in step (1), preparing multiple potassium sodium niobate-based piezoelectric ceramic powders with different compositions includes the following steps:
(1) according to the molecular structural formula Li of potassium-sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramicsx(K0.48-xNa0.52)Nb1-ySbyO3-BaZrO3-(Na0.5Bi0.5)HfO3-MnO2In a stoichiometric ratio of (A), Na is weighed separately2CO3、Li2CO3、K2CO3、Nb2O5、Ba2CO3、ZrO2、HfO2And Bi2O3Mixing the raw materials, performing ball milling treatment to obtain slurry, and drying to obtain powder;
(2) pre-burning the powder in the step (1) to obtain pre-burnt powder;
(3) ball-milling the pre-sintered powder in the step (2) to obtain slurry, and drying to obtain potassium sodium niobate-based piezoelectric ceramic powder;
(4) and (3) changing the values of x and y in the molecular structural formula of the potassium-sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic for many times, and repeating the steps (1) to (3) respectively to obtain the potassium-sodium niobate-based piezoelectric ceramic powder with various components.
In some embodiments, the ball milling conditions are: the ratio of the grinding balls to the raw materials is (10-20): 1, the rotating speed is 200-350 r/min, and the ball milling time is 16-30 hours.
In some embodiments, the pre-sintering temperature is 800-1000 ℃ and the pre-sintering time is 2-6 hours.
In some embodiments, the potassium sodium niobate-based piezoelectric ceramic powder with multiple different components is spread into multiple layers, and in the obtained multilayer ceramic material, the thickness of each layer of ceramic powder is 0.5-2 mm, and the number of layers is 2-5.
In some embodiments, the multi-layer ceramic material is subjected to cold isostatic pressing for 2-5 minutes at a pressure of 200 Mpa.
In some embodiments, the calcination temperature of the multilayer potassium sodium niobate-based piezoceramic material green body is 1000-1200 ℃, and the calcination time is 3-8 hours.
The potassium sodium niobate-based leadless piezoelectric ceramic prepared according to the embodiment of the invention has the advantages that:
1. compared with the prior art of multilayer method, the preparation method of the invention has the advantages of simple operation, short period, low cost and less energy consumption. Each layer of the composition employs similar chemical compositions to ensure good co-firing and easy control of diffusion at high temperatures. The multilayer potassium sodium niobate-based piezoelectric ceramic material prepared by the embodiment of the invention has a compact structure, and no obvious boundary line exists between layers.
2. The potassium-sodium niobate based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic with the multilayer structure prepared by regulating and controlling the components has a multiphase coexisting structure, and the transition temperature is increased from one layer to the other layer in sequence. Finally, the obtained multilayer potassium sodium niobate-based piezoelectric ceramic sample has high piezoelectric performance and good temperature stability.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a comparison of phase transition temperatures of a multilayer potassium sodium niobate-based piezoelectric ceramic prepared according to an embodiment of the present invention and an existing single-layer potassium sodium niobate-based piezoelectric ceramic.
Fig. 2 is a graph showing the piezoelectric constant change rate according to example 1, example 2, example 3, and example 4 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides potassium-sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramics, which are multilayer, and the molecular structural formula of each layer of potassium-sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramics is as follows:
Lix(K0.48-xNa0.52)Nb1-ySbyO3-BaZrO3-(Na0.5Bi0.5)HfO3-MnO2
wherein x and y are mole fractions, x is more than or equal to 0 and less than 0.48, and y is more than or equal to 0 and less than 0.5.
According to the potassium sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramics provided by the embodiment of the invention, in each layer of potassium sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramics, the x values of the layers are different from each other, and the y values of the layers are different from each other.
The potassium sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic provided by the embodiment of the invention has adjustable components and a multilayer structure, each layer of potassium sodium niobate-based laminated ceramic has a multiphase coexisting structure, and the transition temperature is increased from one layer to the other layer in sequence. The obtained multilayer potassium sodium niobate-based piezoelectric ceramic sample has high piezoelectric performance and good temperature stability.
The embodiment of the invention provides a preparation method of potassium sodium niobate based leadless piezoelectric ceramics, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing potassium-sodium niobate-based piezoelectric ceramic powder with various different components;
(2) laying the potassium sodium niobate-based piezoelectric ceramic powder with various components obtained in the step (1) into a plurality of layers, and carrying out cold isostatic pressing treatment to prepare a multilayer potassium sodium niobate-based piezoelectric material blank;
(3) calcining the multilayer potassium sodium niobate-based piezoelectric material blank in the step (2) to obtain a multilayer potassium sodium niobate-based piezoelectric ceramic material;
(4) and (4) polishing the multilayer potassium sodium niobate-based piezoelectric ceramic material obtained in the step (3) by using sand paper, and respectively coating silver electrodes on the upper surface and the lower surface of the multilayer potassium sodium niobate-based piezoelectric ceramic material. And then carrying out polarization treatment at 100 ℃ and 30kV so as to test the piezoelectric property of the potassium-sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic.
The preparation method of the potassium-sodium niobate based leadless piezoelectric ceramic provided by the embodiment of the invention uses Na2CO3、K2CO3、Nb2O5、Ba2CO3、ZrO2、HfO2、Bi2O3And metal oxide as raw materials, and controlling the number of layers and the thickness of the ceramic powder with R-O-T phase transition peak values in different temperature ranges prepared by a solid phase method to prepare the multilayer structure potassium sodium niobate-based piezoelectric material with compact structure, good electrical property and excellent temperature stability.
The preparation method of the potassium sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic comprises the following steps of (1) preparing potassium sodium niobate-based piezoelectric ceramic powder with various different components:
(1) according to the molecular structural formula Li of potassium-sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramicsx(K0.48-xNa0.52)Nb1-ySbyO3-BaZrO3-(Na0.5Bi0.5)HfO3-MnO2In a stoichiometric ratio of (A), Na is weighed separately2CO3、Li2CO3、K2CO3、Nb2O5、Ba2CO3、ZrO2、HfO2And Bi2O3Mixing the raw materials, performing ball milling treatment to obtain slurry, and drying to obtain powder;
(2) pre-burning the powder in the step (1) to obtain pre-burnt powder;
(3) ball-milling the pre-sintered powder in the step (2) to obtain slurry, and drying to obtain potassium sodium niobate-based piezoelectric ceramic powder;
(4) and (3) changing the values of x and y in the molecular structural formula of the potassium-sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic for many times, and repeating the steps (1) to (3) respectively to obtain the potassium-sodium niobate-based piezoelectric ceramic powder with various components.
In some embodiments, the ball milling conditions are: the ratio of the grinding balls to the raw materials is (10-20): 1, the rotating speed is 200-350 r/min, and the ball milling time is 16-30 hours.
In some embodiments, the pre-sintering temperature is 800-1000 ℃ and the pre-sintering time is 2-6 hours.
In some embodiments, the potassium sodium niobate-based piezoelectric ceramic powder with multiple different components is spread into multiple layers, and in the obtained multilayer ceramic material, the thickness of each layer of ceramic powder is 0.5-2 mm, and the number of layers is 2-5.
In some embodiments, the multi-layer ceramic material is subjected to cold isostatic pressing for 2-5 minutes at a pressure of 200 Mpa.
In some embodiments, the calcination temperature of the multilayer potassium sodium niobate-based piezoceramic material green body is 1000-1200 ℃, and the calcination time is 3-8 hours.
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail. All examples are illustrative and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
TABLE 1 inventive is Lix(K0.48-xNa0.52)Nb1-ySbyO3-BaZrO3-(Na0.5Bi0.5)HfO3-MnO2Examples of multilayer lead-free piezoelectric ceramics
Fig. 2 shows the change rate of the piezoelectric constant of the 2 to 5-layer potassium sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramics prepared in example 1, example 2, example 3 and example 4, and it can be seen from fig. 2 that the change rate of the piezoelectric constant gradually decreases with the increase of the number of layers in the multilayer potassium sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramics prepared in the example of the present invention. The peak of the piezoelectric constant of the five-layer potassium sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic prepared in the embodiment 4 is wider, and can reach 508pC/N within the temperature range of 50-75 ℃; a piezoelectric coefficient d in a temperature range of 25 to 150 DEG C33The rate of change was only 13%. The multilayer potassium-sodium niobate lead-free piezoelectric material prepared by the invention has excellent temperature stability and huge potential in practical application.
Claims (9)
1. The potassium-sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic is characterized in that the potassium-sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic is multilayer, and the molecular structural formula of each layer of potassium-sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic is as follows:
Lix(K0.48-xNa0.52)Nb1-ySbyO3-BaZrO3-(Na0.5Bi0.5)HfO3-MnO2
wherein x and y are mole fractions, x is more than or equal to 0 and less than 0.48, and y is more than or equal to 0 and less than 0.5.
2. The potassium-sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic according to claim 1, wherein in each layer of the potassium-sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic, x values of the layers are different from each other, and y values of the layers are different from each other.
3. A preparation method of potassium-sodium niobate based leadless piezoelectric ceramics is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing potassium-sodium niobate-based piezoelectric ceramic powder with various different components;
(2) laying the potassium sodium niobate-based piezoelectric ceramic powder with various components obtained in the step (1) into a plurality of layers, and carrying out cold isostatic pressing treatment to prepare a multilayer potassium sodium niobate-based piezoelectric material blank;
(3) calcining the multilayer potassium-sodium niobate-based piezoelectric material blank in the step (2) to obtain a multilayer potassium-sodium niobate-based piezoelectric ceramic material;
(4) and (4) polishing the multilayer potassium sodium niobate-based piezoelectric ceramic material obtained in the step (3) by using sand paper, and respectively coating silver electrodes on the upper surface and the lower surface of the multilayer potassium sodium niobate-based piezoelectric ceramic material. And then carrying out polarization treatment at 100 ℃ and 30kV so as to test the piezoelectric property of the potassium-sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the step (1) of preparing the plurality of potassium sodium niobate-based piezoelectric ceramic powders having different compositions comprises:
(1) according to the molecular structural formula Li of potassium-sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramicsx(K0.48-xNa0.52)Nb1-ySbyO3-BaZrO3-(Na0.5Bi0.5)HfO3-MnO2In a stoichiometric ratio of (A), Na is weighed separately2CO3、Li2CO3、K2CO3、Nb2O5、Ba2CO3、ZrO2、HfO2And Bi2O3Mixing the raw materials, performing ball milling treatment to obtain slurry, and drying to obtain powder;
(2) pre-burning the powder in the step (1) to obtain pre-burnt powder;
(3) ball-milling the pre-sintered powder in the step (2) to obtain slurry, and drying to obtain potassium sodium niobate-based piezoelectric ceramic powder;
(4) and (3) changing the values of x and y in the molecular structural formula of the potassium-sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic for many times, and repeating the steps (1) to (3) respectively to obtain the potassium-sodium niobate-based piezoelectric ceramic powder with various components.
5. The preparation method according to claim 4, wherein in the step (1) and the step (3), the ball milling conditions are as follows: the ratio of the grinding balls to the raw materials is (10-20): 1, the rotating speed is 200-350 r/min, and the ball milling time is 16-30 hours.
6. The preparation method according to claim 4, wherein in the step (2), the pre-sintering temperature is 800 to 1000 ℃ and the pre-sintering time is 2 to 6 hours.
7. The preparation method according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the potassium sodium niobate-based piezoelectric ceramic powders with different components are spread into a plurality of layers, and the obtained multilayer ceramic material has a thickness of 0.5-2 mm and a number of layers of 2-5.
8. The method according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the multi-layer ceramic material is subjected to cold isostatic pressing for 2 to 5 minutes at a pressure of 200 MPa.
9. The production method according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the multilayer potassium sodium niobate-based piezoceramic material blank is calcined at a temperature of 1000 to 1200 ℃ for a time of 3 to 8 hours.
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