CN114409337A - Method for preparing self-heat-insulation building block by air-set sand and grouting - Google Patents
Method for preparing self-heat-insulation building block by air-set sand and grouting Download PDFInfo
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- CN114409337A CN114409337A CN202210110917.1A CN202210110917A CN114409337A CN 114409337 A CN114409337 A CN 114409337A CN 202210110917 A CN202210110917 A CN 202210110917A CN 114409337 A CN114409337 A CN 114409337A
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- building block
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/02—Selection of the hardening environment
- C04B40/024—Steam hardening, e.g. in an autoclave
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/30—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values
- C04B2201/32—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values for the thermal conductivity, e.g. K-factors
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The fly ash, water and an exciting agent are proportionally put into a ball mill for ball milling, and slurry after ball milling is pumped into a fly ash exciting tank to be thermally excited at the temperature of more than 70 ℃. And filling the prepared mould with air-set sand, paving and covering with a steel mesh gland. Adding a small amount of cement into the fly ash mortar subjected to pre-excitation, uniformly stirring, pouring the mixture into a mold filled with the aerogel sand, vibrating, exhausting, precuring, cutting by using a steel wire, and then steaming to obtain the inorganic homogeneous self-insulation building block with the compression resistance of more than or equal to 5MPa and the thermal conductivity of less than or equal to 0.12W/(m.K). The technology is suitable for aerated block production equipment and production lines. The self-insulation building block is suitable for 75% energy-saving application in cold regions. The new technology is introduced into the traditional industry to rapidly form the scale productivity. The technology has obvious industrial upgrading and social benefits. The self-insulation building block has obvious cost performance advantage.
Description
Technical Field
The field of building materials, non-metallic materials, silicate materials and building heat-insulating materials.
Background
In the cities of high buildings, the energy consumption of heating and air conditioning is the first leading major household of all industries. In order to save energy and reduce emission, a series of measures are taken by buildings, and the buildings currently enter a 75% energy-saving era. The heat preservation of buildings in severe cold areas adopts a system of filling a wall body with an air-entraining block and adhering an anchor on an outer wall for external heat preservation, and the system can save 65 percent of energy, has more advantages and has few defects. Especially, the outer insulating layer falls off, which is unacceptable in the cities of high buildings. The finished exterior wall insulation system needs a building block material with better strength and lower heat conductivity coefficient. In 2021, the self-insulation building block for buildings in severe cold regions is released in Xinjiang, and the main standards comprise that the compressive strength is more than or equal to 5MPa, and the thermal conductivity is less than or equal to 0.12W/(m.K). Chinese patent 201410363183.3; 104163609B discloses a crystal stone self-insulation building block and a production method thereof, which is characterized in that crystal seeds, slag micro powder, a composition agent and light heat-insulation particles are mixed to form a spar self-insulation slurry, and the spar self-insulation slurry is injected into moulds of different shapes to be condensed and hardened to form the spar self-insulation building block. The building blocks are directly used for building the wall body, so that the requirements of strength, heat preservation and fire prevention can be met simultaneously, the heat preservation material does not need to be pasted outside the wall body, and a plurality of problems of complex construction, potential safety hazard, fire hazard, incapability of having the same service life with the building and the like in the prior art are solved. Chinese patent 202111234832.6 discloses a homogeneous microporous self-insulation building block produced by using industrial waste residues and a production process, which comprises a homogeneous microporous self-insulation building block main body, wherein cold bridge mortises are arranged at two ends of the homogeneous microporous self-insulation building block main body; the homogeneous microporous self-insulation building block main body is formed by pouring foam prepared by mixing building block slurry with a foaming agent; the formula of the building block slurry is as follows: 40 percent of ordinary Portland cement, 50 percent of high-performance concrete mineral admixture, 10 percent of polyphenyl granules, 0.2 percent of alkali-resistant chopped anti-cracking reinforcing fiber (added), and 0.02 percent of high-efficiency dispersant (added). The homogeneous microporous self-insulation building block disclosed by the invention is low in production cost, the weight is obviously reduced compared with that of a traditional building block, the mechanical property can reach the strength index of an aerated concrete building block, the building block is simple and rapid to construct, industrial waste residues are used as raw materials, the energy-saving standard of saving energy by 65% for a wall body is reached, and the fireproof performance and the service life of the wall body can be improved by using the building block.
The smaller the air compartment is, the thinner the foam wall is, the smaller the heat conductivity coefficient of the material is, the heat conductivity coefficient is in direct proportion to the volume weight in a certain interval, and the compressive strength is in direct proportion to the volume weight. However, materials with small thermal conductivity and high compressive strength are needed, so that the compressive strength and the thermal conductivity are inconsistent and unified, and are restricted and limited. When the heat conductivity coefficient is not more than 0.12W/(m.K) with the compressive strength not less than 5MPa, the contradiction is sharper and can not be unified. Self-insulation blocks are generally made of lightweight aggregate, such as: polyphenyl granules, foams, haydites, etc. as thermal insulation materials with structural strength materials such as: the gelled slurry of cement, fly ash, slag and the like is poured into a mould through mixing and stirring, and the mould is demoulded and cut after forming. This has the disadvantage that it is difficult to control the structure of the lightweight aggregate in the block and to achieve alignment. When the viscosity of the slurry is low, the lightweight aggregate is easy to float upwards. When the viscosity of the slurry is high, air carried by stirring and grouting cannot be discharged. There are always significant defects inside the article.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to realize the building block with the compressive strength of more than or equal to 5MPa and the thermal conductivity of less than or equal to 0.12W/(m.K), the following is considered: the interior of the building block is required to be a neat and uniform arrangement structure formed by the lightweight aggregate and the high-compactness strength material filled around the lightweight aggregate. However, the blending process cannot be basically realized for the internal structure of the building blocks which are arranged regularly.
In order to realize the ideal structure of the interior of the self-insulation building block, the method is firstly thought to be that: the lightweight aggregate is distributed in the mold box in advance, arranged in order, and fixed so as not to be movable, and then grouted. However, this has been found to be promising after attempts. First, most elastic organic lightweight aggregates cannot be realized, such as: the reason for the polystyrene particles is that the elastic particles deform under the action of external force, the deformation causes the particles to move to form extrusion, the compacted compact space slurry cannot penetrate through the extrusion, and the slurry at the vacant positions is accumulated. Secondly, because the particle size distribution of inorganic particles such as ceramsite is too dispersed, the size, shape and difference are large, various gradations are tried, and the complete and orderly arranged internal structure of the building block cannot be formed. Finally, the air-set sand is selectedThe light aggregate with similar particle diameter and good sphericity is planted, the grouting forming process is realized, and the building block with orderly arranged internal structure is obtained. The air-setting sand is lightweight aggregate prepared by solid-phase silica gel foaming, the combustion grade is A grade, the heat conductivity coefficient is 0.036-0.038W/(m.K), and the volume weight is 50-80 Kg/m3. In order to reduce the production cost of the building block, the fly ash is added with an exciting agent when being ball-milled, the ball-milled fly ash mortar is kept at the temperature of more than 70 ℃ in an exciting tank, is thermally excited, is stirred for more than 2 hours by a planet, is pre-excited into geopolymer quasi-slurry, and is mixed with ordinary portland cement to prepare mixed gelled slurry. And pouring the stirred slurry into a mold box paved with air-setting sand in advance in a grouting mode, vibrating and exhausting to form orderly-arranged lightweight aggregate, and filling the lightweight aggregate with a high-compactness strength material to form an orderly-arranged, homogeneous and uniform building block internal structure. And then the self-insulation building block with the compressive strength of more than or equal to 5MPa and the thermal conductivity coefficient of less than or equal to 0.12W/(m.K) is prepared by pre-curing, demoulding, wet cutting and steaming.
Further optimizing, with the following 10 process steps, aerogel sand is realized, the coal ash geopolymer self-heat-preservation building block is prepared by a grouting method, 100 parts by mass of water and 0.5-1.5 parts by mass of an excitant are stirred and mixed into a homogeneous liquid, 125-185 parts by mass of the homogeneous liquid and the coal ash are put into a ball mill, after ball milling is carried out for 30-60 minutes, the homogeneous liquid is pumped into a stimulating tank, the temperature in the stimulating tank is not less than 70 ℃, the homogeneous liquid is continuously stirred for more than 2 hours, a 0 mold box is filled with aerogel sand, leveling and a steel mesh pressing cover is covered with screws and is fastened with the mold box, the slurry completed by the steps from the step to the step is put into a stirrer according to the volume of 0.4-0.7 compared with the mold box, the slurry is opened and stirred, a water reducing agent with the volume of 0.03-0.09, a water with the volume of 0.05-0.1 is added into the mold box within the time of not more than 90 seconds, the slurry prepared by the step of the volume of the slurry volume of the coal ash slurry volume of 0.25-0.75 mass, shaking until the slurry is completely filled, pushing the grouted mould box into a constant-temperature pre-curing kiln at the temperature of 30-40 ℃ by x 1, removing the steel mesh gland after 5-15 minutes, continuing pre-curing for 15-35 minutes, finishing the x 2 pre-curing,pushing a mould box to a demoulding and cutting station, demoulding, cutting and self-tapping the block blank, sending the block blank into a steam-curing kiln at the constant temperature of 40-80 ℃, steam-curing for 5-8 hours, pushing out the blank after steam-curing is finished, stacking and packaging the blank to finish the preparation of the aerated sand and grouted self-insulation block; the self-insulation building block has the compressive strength of more than or equal to 5MPa and the heat conductivity coefficient of less than or equal to 0.12W/(m.K); the fly ash is fly ash of a thermal power plant; the water is tap water; the excitant is a fly ash geopolymer excitant; the volume weight of the air-setting sand is 40-80 Kg/m3Solid-phase silica gel foaming particles with the particle size of 3-15 mm; the cement is 42.5 ordinary portland cement, the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, and the cutting is steel wire cutting.
Specific example 1
Now, industrialized production of Tianshan building material air-entrapping plants is taken as an example, and the air-setting sand, the grouting method and the preparation method of the fly ash geopolymer self-insulation building block are explained in detail,
raw material preparation
50 tons of Wulu-Manqihong two-electricity fly ash, 30 tons of Tianshan cement factory 42.5 ordinary portland cement, volume weight 56Kg/m3100 m of air-set sand with particle size of 10-12 mm3250Kg of 24% concentration polycarboxylic acid water reducer, 500Kg of model 7265 fly ash excitant of Changji Green polyester company
Adding 37.5Kg of exciting agent into 3.5 tons of water and uniformly mixing
And feeding 5 tons of coal ash and the prepared liquid into a ball mill together, and pumping coal ash slurry into a coal ash slurry excitation tank after ball milling for 60 minutes
The method comprises the steps of filling steam into a fly ash excitation tank, heating and keeping the temperature above 70 ℃, and continuously stirring for more than 2 hours for later use
Gas-adding block 3.6m3The air-set sand is filled into the mould box for 3.6m3Vibrating and leveling, covering the steel mesh gland, and fastening the steel mesh gland on the mould box by using screws
Slurry prepared in step I-step III is 1.75 m3Stirring in a stirrer, adding 12L of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, 20L of water and 265Kg of cement, and continuously stirring for 30 seconds
Sixthly, pushing the prepared mold box into a grouting position, pouring the prepared slurry into the mold box, and vibrating until the mold box is full of slurry
Pushing the mold box after completion of the grouting into a pre-curing kiln, controlling the temperature in the pre-curing kiln to be 35 +/-3 ℃, removing the steel mesh gland after 15 minutes of pre-curing, pre-curing for 25 minutes, pushing the mold box out of the pre-curing kiln, and moving to a demolding and cutting station
And demolding, and cutting after 10 min
The building block blank with the self-skin cut is put into a steam curing kiln, the temperature in the kiln is kept at 60 +/-3 ℃, and the steam curing is carried out for 6 hours
The steamed and cured green body is pushed out to complete the preparation of the self-heat-preservation building block
Example 1 testing
The building blocks are sampled and inspected after 28 days
Group 1
The average compressive strength is 5.7MPa, the minimum compressive strength is 5.1MPa, and the maximum compressive strength is 6.3MPa
Average coefficient of thermal conductivity 0.098W/(m.K), minimum coefficient of thermal conductivity 0.087W/(m.K), maximum coefficient of thermal conductivity 0.10W/(m.K)
Group 2
The average compressive strength is 5.9MPa, the minimum compressive strength is 5.2MPa, and the maximum compressive strength is 7.3MPa
The average thermal conductivity is 0.099W/(m.K), the minimum thermal conductivity is 0.086W/(m.K), and the maximum thermal conductivity is 0.10W/(m.K).
The above example is only one embodiment of the present invention and does not represent the entire content of the invention. The invention is described in the claims.
Claims (1)
1. 100 parts by mass of water and 0.5-1.5 parts by mass of an exciting agent are stirred and mixed to form a homogeneous liquid, the homogeneous liquid and 125-185 parts by mass of fly ash are put into a ball mill, after ball milling is carried out for 30-60 minutes, the homogeneous liquid is pumped into an excitation tank, the temperature in the excitation tank is not less than 70 ℃, the homogeneous liquid and the fly ash are continuously stirred for more than 2 hours for standby, a mould box is filled with the gas-setting sand, a steel mesh pressing cover is leveled and covered with screws for fastening the steel mesh pressing cover to the mould box, and slurry completed in the steps from the step to the step is put into a stirrer according to the volume of 0.4-0.7 of the mould box, stirring is started, and the volume of coal-ash slurry is added within 90 seconds or less and is 0.03-0.09Water reducing agent, 0.05-0.1 volume of water, cement with the volume of the pulverized coal mortar multiplied by the concentration of the pulverized coal mortar multiplied by 0.25-0.75 mass is added, the mixture is continuously stirred for 30 seconds, the stirred slurry is filled into a mold box prepared in the step four, the mold box is vibrated till the slurry is completely filled, the grouted mold box is pushed into a constant-temperature pre-curing kiln with the temperature of 30-40 ℃, a steel mesh gland is removed after 5-15 minutes, the pre-curing is continued for 15-35 minutes, after the pre-curing is finished, the mold box is pushed to a demolding and cutting station, demolding and cutting are carried out, a cut building block blank body is sent into a steam curing kiln with the temperature of 40-80 ℃, the steam curing is carried out for 5-8 hours, after the steam curing is finished, the blank body is pushed out, air-setting sand is packed, and the self-insulation building block is grouted; the self-insulation building block has the compressive strength of more than or equal to 5MPa and the heat conductivity coefficient of less than or equal to 0.12W/(m.K); the fly ash is fly ash of a thermal power plant; the water is tap water; the excitant is a fly ash geopolymer excitant; the volume weight of the air-setting sand is 40-80 Kg/m3Solid-phase silica gel foaming particles with the particle size of 3-15 mm; the cement is 42.5 ordinary portland cement, and the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent; the above-mentioned cuts are wire cuts.
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| CN202210110917.1A CN114409337A (en) | 2022-01-29 | 2022-01-29 | Method for preparing self-heat-insulation building block by air-set sand and grouting |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115196924A (en) * | 2022-08-03 | 2022-10-18 | 新疆北新建材工业集团有限公司 | Preparation method of light-weight high-strength solid waste base foaming geopolymer self-insulation building block |
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| CN104276793A (en) * | 2014-09-16 | 2015-01-14 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Ceramsite-fly ash fireproof thermal insulation material and preparation method of ceramsite-fly ash fireproof thermal insulation material |
| US20150203406A1 (en) * | 2012-07-06 | 2015-07-23 | Lafarge | Lightweight concrete with low thermal conductivity |
| CN113912068A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-01-11 | 乌鲁木齐益好天成新型节能材料有限公司 | Preparation method of solid-phase silica gel SG foam particles |
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2022
- 2022-01-29 CN CN202210110917.1A patent/CN114409337A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
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| US20150203406A1 (en) * | 2012-07-06 | 2015-07-23 | Lafarge | Lightweight concrete with low thermal conductivity |
| CN104276793A (en) * | 2014-09-16 | 2015-01-14 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Ceramsite-fly ash fireproof thermal insulation material and preparation method of ceramsite-fly ash fireproof thermal insulation material |
| CN113912068A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-01-11 | 乌鲁木齐益好天成新型节能材料有限公司 | Preparation method of solid-phase silica gel SG foam particles |
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| 刘洪丽等: "SiO_2气凝胶水泥基复合砂浆研究现状", 《硅酸盐通报》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115196924A (en) * | 2022-08-03 | 2022-10-18 | 新疆北新建材工业集团有限公司 | Preparation method of light-weight high-strength solid waste base foaming geopolymer self-insulation building block |
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