CN114402763A - Separating and planting mechanism of universal rice transplanter - Google Patents
Separating and planting mechanism of universal rice transplanter Download PDFInfo
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- CN114402763A CN114402763A CN202210279574.1A CN202210279574A CN114402763A CN 114402763 A CN114402763 A CN 114402763A CN 202210279574 A CN202210279574 A CN 202210279574A CN 114402763 A CN114402763 A CN 114402763A
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 title 1
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000003698 laser cutting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C11/00—Transplanting machines
- A01C11/003—Transplanting machines for aquatic plants; for planting underwater, e.g. rice
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C11/00—Transplanting machines
- A01C11/006—Other parts or details or planting machines
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Transplanting Machines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a transplanting mechanism of a general rice transplanter, which consists of a transplanting assembly, an output transverse shaft, a seedling door track and an auxiliary seedling door, wherein the transplanting assembly consists of a central flange plate, a clamping plate, a buffer block, transplanting claws, a pin shaft and a torsion spring, the clamping plate is assembled on the two sides of the central flange plate in a stepped manner, the transplanting claws are assembled between the clamping plates, the buffer block is assembled on the clamping plate and blocks the transplanting claws in one direction, the torsion spring is assembled at the two ends of the pin shaft, the front end presses the transplanting claws to be outwards stretched, the tail end is clamped in a spring adjusting hole of the clamping plate, the whole transplanting assembly is in central symmetrical distribution, and the transplanting claws are chopstick transplanting claws. The invention is a low-cost universal technical solution in the field of rice transplanting machinery, has the advantages of small number of parts, easy part processing, low cost and high adaptability, solves the common problems of low cost, high cost and high price of the rice transplanting machine, and has high adaptability and economy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of rice transplanting machinery, in particular to the field of a seedling throwing machine of a rice transplanter.
Background
Transplanting and throwing rice seedlings are the important links commonly used in agricultural rice planting, while a rice transplanter throwing machine is an important machine tool for rice planting, in the north and south of China, in the longitudinal view, the rice transplanter can also be suitable for the operation of a high-speed riding type rice transplanter in large plain and large field blocks, while the south small field blocks can only be suitable for the operation of a small-sized rice transplanter, such as a hand-held rice transplanter and a single-wheel riding type rice transplanter, and most farmers can throw and transplant rice seedlings manually in southern hilly areas.
The existing rice transplanter on the market mainly comprises a hand-held rice transplanter, a single-wheel riding type rice transplanter and a four-wheel riding type rice transplanter. In particular, the Japanese four-wheel riding type high-speed rice transplanter occupies most of the rice transplanter market. And the seedling thrower is not a mature type to be on the market.
The separate planting mechanism of the hand-held rice transplanter and the single-wheel riding rice transplanter mostly adopts a four-bar mechanism, namely a hand-held reverse four-bar mechanism and a forward four-bar mechanism of the single-wheel riding rice transplanter, and the four-bar mechanism has the advantages of simple mechanism, less part quantity, easy processing and manufacturing and relatively lower cost. The disadvantages are that the operation is not stable, the dynamic balance can not be achieved, the impact is large, the high-speed operation can not be realized, especially the reverse four-bar mechanism.
The four-wheel riding type high-speed transplanter mostly adopts a planetary system transplanting mechanism. The planetary system transplanting mechanism is further divided into an eccentric wheel planetary system transplanting mechanism and an elliptical planetary system transplanting mechanism. The planetary system transplanting mechanism has two transplanting claws distributed in central symmetry, so that the dynamic balance is good and the planetary system transplanting mechanism is suitable for high-speed operation. The defects are that the number of parts is large, the processing and manufacturing requirements are high, in particular, an elliptic gear is arranged in an elliptic planetary system transplanting mechanism and needs to be processed by a special processing machine tool, in addition, the assembly and sealing requirements of a multi-shaft multi-bearing multi-gear in the planetary system transplanting mechanism are particularly strict, each group of transplanting mechanisms needs to be provided with a gear box, and each group of gear boxes needs to do rotary motion, so the rotational inertia is large, and the start-stop impact is large. The weight is large, the cost is high, and the price is not high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a transplanting and separating mechanism which has simple structure, light weight, low cost and stable high-speed operation and can be universally used for various transplanting machines.
The invention adopts the technical scheme that the transplanting mechanism of the general rice transplanter comprises a transplanting assembly, an output transverse shaft, a seedling gate track and an auxiliary seedling gate, wherein the transplanting assembly comprises a central flange plate, clamping plates, buffer blocks, transplanting claws, a pin shaft and a torsion spring, the clamping plates are assembled on two sides of the central flange plate in a step mode, the transplanting claws are assembled between the clamping plates, the buffer blocks are assembled on the clamping plates and block the transplanting claws in one direction, the torsion spring is assembled at two ends of the pin shaft, the transplanting claws are pressed outwards at the front ends, the tail ends of the torsion spring are clamped in spring adjusting holes of the clamping plates, the whole transplanting assembly is distributed in a central symmetry mode, and the transplanting claws are chopstick transplanting claws.
The middle section of the body of the chopstick type seedling transplanting claw is formed by bending a metal rod piece, a seedling needle mounting seat and a steel small shaft are welded at the front section, a small roller can be mounted on the small shaft, a chopstick type seedling needle can be assembled on the mounting block, a pin shaft mounting block is welded at the rear section, and the seedling transplanting claw can be assembled between two clamping discs through a pin shaft.
The invention also comprises a sliding pontoon which is in a skiing spade shape, the rear end of the sliding pontoon is provided with a U-shaped gap, a pair of tail wings and two pairs of downward lower tail wings are upwards welded, the front end of the U-shaped gap is internally provided with a rowing device, the rowing device and the lower narrow tail wings form a cavity when sliding, a pair of wide tail wings cover mud paddles on the root of a seedling when floating the parallel trace, so that the seedling is not floated and inclined, and the rowing device controls the rowing depth by adjusting the angle.
When the output cross shaft drives the transplanting mechanism to rotate, the transplanting claws enter the seedling gate, certain seedlings are grabbed at the roots of the seedlings, the seedlings are separated and transported under the control of the seedling gate track, and the small rollers on the transplanting claws are compressed to enable the torsion springs to store energy; when the transplanting claw is separated from the track, the transplanting claw is released, the torsion spring swings the transplanting claw to accelerate the seedling to a certain initial speed, the swinging of the transplanting claw is stopped when the transplanting claw is blocked by the buffer block, and the seedling is separated from the transplanting claw under the action of inertia and flies into soil to complete one transplanting action; the seedling claw moves to the next circulation according to the circle after returning.
In the invention, the torsion spring is a double-torsion spring, the torsion spring is wound for three circles towards two sides respectively in a positive and negative direction, the tail end of the torsion spring is bent inwards to form a hook shape, and the tail end of the torsion spring is hooked with a small hole on the clamping disc during assembly; the buffer block is a cylinder with a hole in the center and is used for buffering the impact of the swinging of the transplanting claw and reducing the noise; the seedling gate track is formed by welding thin steel plates, a seedling gate with a certain width is arranged in the middle, tracks are arranged on two sides, the upper end of each track is a straight line, the lower end of each track is an arc, and a guide plate through which seedlings pass is arranged behind the tracks and is arranged on a machine frame at the lower end of a seedling box of the rice transplanter to assist the seedling claws to complete the action.
The buffer block is made of rubber or polyurethane materials.
The auxiliary seedling door is formed by bending a thin steel plate, the width of the auxiliary seedling door is the sum of the strokes of the seedling box and the box moving door, the seedling door notches of the auxiliary seedling door correspond to the seedling doors of the seedling door track one by one and are arranged between the seedling box and the seedling door track, and the auxiliary seedling door is adjusted up and down to control the distance between the seedlings and the upper surface of the seedling door track, so that the depth of the seedling claw for grabbing the seedlings each time is controlled.
The transplanting mechanism is reversely mounted and applied to the hand-held rice transplanter, the inclined plane of a seedling box is forward, the transplanting mechanism is reversely mounted, and seedlings are thrown backwards;
the transplanting mechanism is installed on the single-wheel transplanter in the forward direction, the inclined plane of the seedling box faces backwards, the transplanting mechanism is installed in the forward direction, and seedlings are thrown forwards. In order to prevent the transplanted seedling from being hooked up by the seedling needle tip at the lowest point of the track, the mounting position of the transplanting mechanism needs to be relatively increased;
or the transplanting mechanism can be installed in the forward direction and applied to a four-wheel high-speed transplanter, the transplanting assembly is installed on an independent suspension system, the inclined plane of the seedling box faces backwards, the transplanting mechanism is installed in the forward direction, the sliding floats are relatively independent, the floats on the two sides are provided with profiling sensors, and the float in the center is provided with a lifting sensor.
The transplanting mechanism is applied to the backpack seedling throwing machine, the inclined plane of the seedling box is forward and relatively fixed, the transplanting mechanism assembly moves on the guide rail, the transverse output shaft is made into a hollow shaft, the spiral cam shaft and the lead sliding block of the original seedling box are arranged in the transverse output shaft, the other end of the spiral cam shaft is fixed on the support, and when the transverse output shaft rotates, the spiral cam shaft pushes the transplanting mechanism assembly to transversely move.
The seedling claw of the transplanting mechanism of the invention can not directly contact with soil, but utilizes the swing of the seedling claw to accelerate the seedling and utilizes the inertia effect to separate, thereby omitting a seedling pusher. The whole mechanism has no complex parts, and because the plurality of the transplanting assemblies are arranged on the same shaft outlet side by side, the transmission of the whole mechanism is relatively simple, so that the cost is relatively low. The floating rate and the seedling pouring rate of the seedlings are greatly reduced under the action of the sliding floating boat, and the depth is easy to control. Another function of the planing pontoon is load bearing and accurate profiling. The structure of the whole machine is greatly simplified, so that the weight of the whole machine is greatly reduced, the bearing of the sliding pontoon is reduced, the profiling action is enhanced, and the hydraulic system and the control cost of the whole machine are further reduced.
The invention relates to a low-cost universal technical solution in the field of rice transplanting machinery, which has the advantages of small number of parts, easy part processing, low cost and high adaptability, solves the common problems of low cost, low performance, high cost and high price of a rice transplanting machine, and has high adaptability and economy.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a structural view of a transplanting mechanism of a general rice transplanter of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the add/drop assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a structural view of the chopstick type transplanting claw of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a side view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the torsion spring of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a structural view of a seedling gate track of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a front end side view of FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a block diagram of the planing pontoon of the invention;
FIG. 9 is a top view of FIG. 8;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the application of the present invention to a walk behind rice transplanter;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the application of the present invention to a single-wheel transplanter and a four-wheel high-speed transplanter;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the application of the present invention to a backpack type rice seedling thrower;
FIG. 13 is a right side view of FIG. 12;
in the figure, 1, a seedling box; 2. a subsidiary seedling gate; 3. a seedling gate track; 3-1, seedling gate; 3-2, track; 3-3, mounting a plate; 4. a plug-in component; 4-1, a central flange plate; 4-2, clamping a disc; 4-3, a rubber buffer block; 4-4, transplanting claw; 4-5, a pin shaft; 4-6, a torsion spring; 5. an output cross shaft; 6. sliding the pontoon; 6-1, a pontoon body; 6-2, an upper tail wing; 6-3, lower narrow tail; 6-4, lower wide tail wing; 6-5, a rowing machine; 7. a battery pack; 8. a joystick; 9. a power switch; 10. a harness; 11. a reduction motor; 12. a helical camshaft; 13. a lead slide block; 14. a slide bar; 15. the slider is moved.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1, the transplanting mechanism comprises a transplanting assembly, an output transverse shaft, an auxiliary seedling gate, a seedling gate track and a sliding float. As shown in figure 2, the transplanting assembly is composed of a central flange plate, two clamping plates, two buffer blocks, two transplanting claws, two pin shafts and two torsion springs, wherein each group of the central flange plate comprises one clamping plate, one buffer block, two transplanting claws, two pin shafts and two torsion springs, the clamping plates are assembled on two sides of the central flange plate in a stepped mode, the transplanting claws are assembled between the clamping plates through the pin shafts, the buffer blocks are assembled on corresponding hole positions between the clamping plates, the transplanting claws are blocked by first bending of the transplanting claws, the torsion springs are assembled at two ends of the pin shafts, the transplanting claws are pressed by the front ends of the torsion springs to be outwards stretched, the tail ends of the torsion springs are clamped in spring adjusting holes of the clamping plates, the whole transplanting assembly is in central symmetry distribution, static balance and dynamic balance are structurally achieved, and the number of the assemblies is determined by the number of rows of the transplanting machine. The plug-in components are assembled on the same output transverse shaft, and the output transverse shaft is butted on an output shaft of the plug-in gearbox. The seedling gate track, the auxiliary seedling gate and the sliding float boat are used as important auxiliary parts and adjusting parts of the transplanting mechanism. The whole transplanting mechanism is butt jointed by a frame, a bearing seat and a seedling box of the transplanter, and ensures that each part of the transplanting mechanism and the seedling box are in the relatively correct optimal position.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the seedling transplanting claw is a chopstick type seedling transplanting claw, the middle section of the seedling transplanting claw body is formed by bending a metal rod piece, a seedling needle mounting block and a steel small shaft are welded on the front section, a small roller can be mounted on the small shaft, a chopstick type seedling needle can be assembled on the mounting block, a pin shaft mounting block is welded on the rear section, and the seedling transplanting claw can be assembled between the two clamping discs through a pin shaft.
The central hole of the central flange plate is used for installing an output transverse shaft, and two sides of the central flange plate are respectively provided with a step as an assembly foundation of the clamping plate.
The grip slipper is formed by sheet steel punching press or laser cutting, the assembly is on central ring flange both sides step, it is whole oval, the central hole is used for installing self on central method dish, the oval major axis end two holes of grip slipper are used for assembling the buffer block, oval minor axis end two holes are used for installing the seedling transplanting claw, round pin axle and torsion spring, the periphery in oval minor axis both ends round pin shaft hole has the several aperture to be fan-shaped distribution, be used for adjusting the torsion spring rate of tension, the buffer block just blocks the seedling transplanting claw at the first crook of seedling transplanting claw when the seedling transplanting claw is installed, make it can only inwards rotate certain angle, outwards then block by the buffer block.
The torsion spring is a double-torsion spring, as shown in fig. 5, the torsion spring is wound for three circles towards the two sides respectively, the tail end of the torsion spring is bent inwards to form a hook shape, the front end of the torsion spring presses the seedling transplanting claw to stretch outwards during assembly, and the tail end of the torsion spring hooks the small hole of the clamping disc to adjust the tension, so that the seedling transplanting claw has certain reasonable initial pressure towards the direction of the buffer block.
The buffer block is a rubber piece. It is a cylinder with a hole in the center and is used for buffering the swinging impact of the transplanting claw and reducing the noise. Preferably, the material of the buffer block is not limited to rubber or polyurethane, and good wear resistance, sound insulation and damping characteristics are good choices.
The output transverse shaft is a solid or hollow long shaft and is used for installing the plug-in and plug-out assembly and transmitting power. The transplanting gear box is generally arranged in the center of the rice transplanter, if the output shaft of the transplanting gear box is a hollow shaft, the output transverse shaft is a long whole shaft, and if the output shaft of the transplanting gear box is a solid shaft, the output transverse shaft is two half shafts, so that the transmission system is simplified. The two ends of the output transverse shaft are provided with bearing seats for fixing the frame, the bearings are one-way bearings, the one-way bearings are also arranged between the output gear and the output transverse shaft in the transplanting gearbox, the rotating direction of the output transverse shaft is the direction pointed by the transplanting claws, and the rotation is stopped in the reverse direction, so that the transplanting claws are prevented from being damaged by being collided with other parts during the reverse rotation.
The seedling gate track is formed by bending a thin steel plate, as shown in figures 6 and 7, a seedling gate with a certain width is arranged in the middle, tracks are arranged on two sides, the upper end of the track is a straight line, the lower end of the track is an arc, a guide plate for passing seedlings is arranged behind the track, the number of the seedling gate tracks and the number of transplanting assemblies are the same and are in one-to-one correspondence, and the seedling gate track is arranged on a fixed rack at the lower end of a seedling box of the seedling planting machine and is used for assisting a seedling claw to complete the actions of seedling separation, seedling transportation and seedling transplanting.
The auxiliary seedling door is a control piece and is formed by bending a thin steel plate, and the width of the auxiliary seedling door is the sum of the strokes of the seedling box and the box moving box. The seedling door gap of the auxiliary seedling door corresponds to the seedling door of the seedling door track one by one and is arranged between the seedling box and the seedling door track, and the auxiliary seedling door is adjusted up and down to control the distance between the seedling and the upper surface of the seedling door track, thereby controlling the depth of the seedling claw for grabbing the seedling every time.
The gliding pontoon is characterized in that the front end of the gliding pontoon is upwards tilted to be ship-shaped, the rear end of the gliding pontoon is straight and can be composed of plastic and steel plates, the front end of the gliding pontoon is a plastic part, and the rear end of the gliding pontoon is formed by welding thin steel plates and is connected with the plastic part at the front end by bolts. The center of the thin steel plate at the rear end of the sliding pontoon is backwards provided with a U-shaped notch which is slightly wider than the seedling gate track and is opposite to the tangential extension line of the seedling gate track. A pair of tail wings are upwards welded at the position of the notch and are vertical to the horizontal plane, and the width of the tail wings is parallel to that of the U-shaped notch, so that the seedlings thrown at high speed are prevented from being scattered; two pairs of tail wings are welded downwards at the notch, are vertical to the horizontal plane, are in a streamline shape forwards after being arranged in front of each other, are parallel to the width of the U-shaped notch, and extend backwards to half of the length of the U-shaped notch at the front end of the notch. The pair of wide tail wings extend backwards to the back side of the U-shaped notch and are parallel and level, and the tail ends of the wide tail wings are slightly bent towards the center; the center of the front end of the U-shaped notch is provided with a scriber, and the angle of the scriber can be adjusted to control the scribing depth. When the sliding pontoon slides forwards, the rowing machine draws a row trace with certain width and depth, the row trace at the side of the pair of narrow tail wings protects the row trace from being immediately flattened and a cavity with certain width and depth is formed in the U-shaped notch, the pair of wide tail wings slightly bend from the tail end to the center to enable the mud paddles to extrude towards the center, and the side is provided with a row trace flattening layer behind the cavity of the row trace. When the seedlings are transplanted, the seedlings fall into the soil in the cavities of the U-shaped notches, and the soil paddles are covered on the roots of the seedlings when the parallel tracks are leveled under the action of the wide tail wings, so that the seedlings stand and are fixed, and the seedlings do not float and tilt.
The transplanting mechanism can also operate independently without a sliding float, but the transplanting quality can be further ensured by the aid of the sliding float.
The operation conditions of the transplanting mechanism are as follows: the output cross shaft drives the transplanting mechanism to rotate, the original running track of the seedling claw tip is a perfect circle, the running track relative to the ground is a cycloid, under the control of the seedling gate track, the seedling claw enters a seedling gate at the upper end of the straight line section of the seedling gate track, the seedling claw tip grabs a certain seedling at the root of the seedling, when a small roller on the seedling claw leans against the straight line section of the seedling gate track, the seedling claw descends along the track, the seedling is transported in the section by seedling division, and the torsion spring is compressed inwards to start energy storage. Continuously goes down and continuously compresses for energy storage, when the small roller runs to the tail end of the round end of the seedling gate track, the seedling is pulled out by the seedling claw for a distance exceeding the whole length of the seedling, and the seedling is transported and stored at the section. The seedling claw rotates to the maximum angle along the small shaft at the moment, the small roller continuously moves downwards to be separated from the track, the seedling claw is released, the seedling claw outwards pops out and swings the seedling claw to return under the action of the torsion spring, the seedling is accelerated to a certain initial speed under the swinging of the seedling claw, and the seedling tip track is an arc between the maximum angle and the arc blocked by the buffer block when the seedling claw rotates along the small shaft during swinging. When the seedling claw returns to the original position, the buffer block blocks the seedling claw and stops swinging, and the seedling continuously moves downwards under the action of inertia and flies into soil away from the seedling claw, thereby completing one seedling transplanting action. The seedling claw moves to the next circulation according to the circle after returning. When the seedlings fall into a cavity formed by the rowing device and the narrow tail wing in the U-shaped notch of the sliding pontoon, the upper tail wing ensures that the seedlings thrown at high speed are not scattered, and the mud paddles cover the roots of the seedlings when the wide tail wing screeds the parallel tracks, so that the seedlings stand and are fixed. The mud paddles fix the roots of the seedlings, so that the floating rate and the seedling falling rate of the seedlings are greatly reduced.
FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing the application of the present invention to a walk-behind rice transplanter. The rice transplanter comprises a double-wheel traveling mechanism, a traveling gearbox, a power output shaft, a transmission shaft, a power source, a transplanting gearbox, a seedling door track, an auxiliary seedling door, a seedling tray track, a seedling claw and a power transmission mechanism. The transplanting gear box controls the planting distance to the gear of the output transverse shaft, and the gear of the box moving controls the width of seedling taking of the seedling claw every time. The snow spade shaped head of the sliding float boat is forward, each time the seedling is thrown into the cavity of the U-shaped notch of the sliding float boat by the seedling claw, the mud is covered on the root of the seedling when the parallel track is smoothed under the action of the wide tail wing of the float boat, so that the seedling stands and is fixed. Because the transplanting mechanism rotates reversely, the seedlings are thrown backwards, the seedlings are far away from the transplanter after being planted with soil, the transplanting mechanism has no relative interference with the transplanted seedlings, and the structure of the whole machine is relatively compact. This is the reverse application of the add/drop mechanism.
FIG. 11 shows the application of the present invention to single-wheel rice transplanter and four-wheel high-speed rice transplanter. Specifically, relative to the single-wheel rice transplanter, the boat plate is a wave-shaped boat plate, the front end of the boat plate is an integral body, and the rear end of the boat plate is provided with a U-shaped notch at the rear end of the gliding pontoon, an upward pair of tail wings and two downward pairs of tail wings corresponding to each row pitch, so that the gliding pontoon has the specific functions. The boat plate is provided with a frame, and the seedling box, the seedling box moving mechanism and the transplanting gear box are arranged on the frame. Specifically, the seedling box is inclined backwards, the seedling door track is arranged on a machine frame at the rear lower end of the seedling box of the seedling planting machine, and the auxiliary seedling door is arranged between the seedling box and the seedling door track. The transplanting mechanism is arranged at the rear lower part of the inclined plane of the seedling box, the seedling is thrown forwards due to the forward rotation of the transplanting mechanism, and when the seedling is far away from the rice transplanter backwards after soil is laid, the seedling passes through the lowest point of the circular track of the seedling needle point of the transplanting mechanism, so that the transplanted seedling cannot be hooked by the seedling needle point at the lowest point of the track, the mounting decoration position of the transplanting mechanism needs to be relatively heightened, and the seedling cannot be hooked by the seedling needle point at the lowest point of the track. The relative installation position of the sliding pontoon is the same as that of the sliding pontoon. This is a forward application of the add-drop mechanism.
Particularly, in the case of a four-wheel high-speed rice transplanter, since the four-wheel high-speed rice transplanter has an independent suspension system, the rice transplanting assembly is mounted on the suspension system. The rice transplanting assembly consists of a rice seedling box rack, a box-shifting rice transplanting gear box assembly, a transplanting mechanism, a box-shifting and auxiliary rice seedling door adjusting mechanism and the like. The seedling box frame is relatively independent from the independent suspension system, the seedling box frame can swing left and right, the left and right profiling cylinders are arranged between the independent suspension system and the seedling box frame to perform left and right profiling motions, and the lifting cylinder is arranged on the independent suspension system to perform lifting profiling motions and the integral lifting of the seedling transplanting assembly. Specifically, the seedling box is inclined backwards, the transplanting mechanism rotates forwards, and the seedlings are thrown forwards. Similarly, when the seedlings are planted and then move away from the transplanter, the seedlings pass through the lowest point of the circular track of the seedling needle point of the transplanting mechanism, and in order to prevent the transplanted seedlings from being hooked up by the seedling needle point at the lowest point of the track, the mounting decoration position of the transplanting mechanism needs to be relatively increased, and the seedling needle point cannot hook up the seedlings at the lowest point of the track. Specifically, the gliding floats are relatively independent, the floats on two sides are provided with the profiling sensors, and the float in the center is provided with the lifting sensor. Specifically, the power source of the rice transplanting assembly is divided by a rear axle of the walking system and then is input into the box-moving rice transplanting gearbox assembly through a universal transmission shaft. The box-shifting seedling-transplanting gear box has two outputs, one of which makes box-shifting movement, and the other of which outputs to the transplanting mechanism. Compared with the traditional four-wheel high-speed rice transplanter, the four-wheel high-speed rice transplanter adopting the invention has the advantages that the structure from transmission to the whole machine is greatly simplified, the weight of the whole machine is greatly reduced, all parts of the transplanting mechanism are not provided with precise special-shaped gears, bearings and sealing parts, the cost is relatively low, and the hydraulic system and the control cost are further reduced due to the great reduction of the weight of the whole machine. This is a forward application of the add-drop mechanism.
Fig. 12 and 13 show the application of the invention in a backpack seedling throwing machine, because the transplanting mechanism of the invention compresses the seedling claws to enable the torsion springs to store energy under the control of the seedling gate track, and the swinging of the seedling claws enables the seedlings to obtain a certain initial speed when the seedlings are released, and the seedlings continue to move downwards due to the inertia effect and are separated from the seedling claws to fly into the soil, the transplanting mechanism does not need to be directly contacted with the soil. When the length of the seedling gate track and the outlet angle are changed, seedlings can obtain an ideal flying parabolic track, so that the transplanting mechanism is a good choice when applied to the backpack seedling thrower. The backpack seedling throwing machine has one C-shaped rack with backpack back belt, seedling box with inclined plane in the front end and back end bent upwards and long and wide enough to hold one blanket seedling fixed onto the C-shaped rack bent with steel pipe, box moving mechanism with fixed seedling box, transplanting mechanism with transverse guide rail in the front end, transplanting mechanism with sliding floating boat eliminated, transplanting assembly, seedling door track, subsidiary seedling door and transverse moving rack as one transplanting mechanism assembly on the transverse guide rail, and transplanting mechanism assembly capable of moving on the transverse guide rail. The horizontal output shaft is made into a hollow shaft, the spiral cam shaft and the lead slide block of the original seedling box are arranged in the horizontal output shaft, the other end of the spiral cam shaft is fixed on the bracket, and when the horizontal output shaft rotates, the spiral cam shaft pushes the transplanting mechanism assembly to move horizontally. The transplanting component in the transplanting mechanism assembly can have only one piece or two pieces, and the seedling gate track and the auxiliary seedling gate correspond to the seedling gate track and the auxiliary seedling gate. When the transplanting assembly has only one piece, the transverse moving stroke is the width of the blanket-shaped seedling, and when the transplanting assembly has two pieces, the transverse moving stroke is half of the width of the blanket-shaped seedling.
The backpack seedling thrower has two power sources, one power source is driven by a direct current motor with a gear box, an output shaft of the gear box of the direct current motor is in butt joint with a transverse output shaft, a power supply is provided by a 12V battery, and the power supply is arranged on the rear part of the C-shaped support and also serves as a balance weight. One is to use light petrol engine as power source, the light petrol engine is installed behind the C-shaped bracket and is used as balance weight, the power source is output by the clutch, and then is input to a small worm gear gearbox by a flexible shaft to obtain a reasonable gear ratio and then is transmitted to the transverse output shaft.
In summary, the application of the above embodiments is a low-cost universal technical solution in the field of rice transplanting machinery, the number of parts is small, the parts are easy to process, the cost is low, the adaptability is high, and the common problems that the rice transplanting machine has low cost and low performance and the rice transplanting machine has high performance, high cost and high price are solved. Has high adaptability and economical efficiency. Particularly, after the assembly relation of the interfaces and all parts of each type of transplanter is further optimized, the transplanter is suitable for various types of transplanters.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a general transplanter divides transplanting mechanism, by transplanting subassembly, output cross axle, seedling door track and vice seedling door and constitute, the subassembly of transplanting is by central ring flange, grip disc, buffer block, transplanting claw, round pin axle and torsion spring constitute, the step assembly grip disc in central ring flange both sides, transplanting claw assembles between the grip disc, the buffer block assembly blocks transplanting claw on the grip disc and in one direction, torsion spring assembles the both ends at the round pin axle, the front end is pressed transplanting claw and is outwards stretched, the tail end card is in the spring adjustment hole of grip disc, whole transplanting subassembly is central symmetry and is distributed, transplanting claw is chopsticks formula transplanting claw.
2. The transplanting mechanism of the universal rice transplanter as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the middle section of the body of the chopstick type seedling transplanting claw is formed by bending a metal rod piece, a seedling needle mounting seat and a steel small shaft are welded on the front section of the body, a small roller can be mounted on the small shaft, a chopstick type seedling needle can be assembled on the mounting block, a pin shaft mounting block is welded on the rear section of the body, and the seedling transplanting claw can be assembled between the two clamping discs through a pin shaft.
3. The transplanting mechanism of the universal rice transplanter as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the rice transplanter is characterized by further comprising a sliding pontoon, wherein the sliding pontoon is in a skiing spade shape, the rear end of the sliding pontoon is provided with a U-shaped notch, a pair of tail wings and two pairs of downward lower tail wings are upwards welded, a rowing device is arranged in the front end of the U-shaped notch, soil forms a cavity when the rowing device and the lower narrow tail wings slide, the soil is covered on the root of a seedling when a pair of wide tail wings float a parallel trace, the seedling is prevented from floating and tilting, and the rowing depth is controlled by adjusting the angle of the rowing device.
4. The transplanting mechanism of the universal rice transplanter as claimed in claim 1, wherein: when the output cross shaft drives the transplanting mechanism to rotate, the transplanting claw enters the seedling gate, picks a certain number of seedlings at the root of the seedlings, controls the seedling gate track to distribute and convey the seedlings, and compresses a small roller on the transplanting claw to enable the torsion spring to store energy; when the transplanting claw is separated from the track, the transplanting claw is released, the torsion spring swings the transplanting claw to accelerate the seedling to a certain initial speed, the swinging of the transplanting claw is stopped when the transplanting claw is blocked by the buffer block, and the seedling is separated from the transplanting claw under the action of inertia and flies into soil to complete one transplanting action; the seedling claw moves to the next circulation according to the circle after returning.
5. The transplanting mechanism of the universal rice transplanter as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the torsion spring is a double-torsion spring, the torsion spring is wound for three circles towards two sides respectively, the tail end of the torsion spring is bent inwards to form a hook shape, and the tail end of the torsion spring is hooked with the small hole on the clamping disc during assembly; the buffer block is a cylinder with a hole in the center and is used for buffering the impact of the swinging of the transplanting claw and reducing the noise; the seedling gate track is formed by welding thin steel plates, a seedling gate with a certain width is arranged in the middle, tracks are arranged on two sides, the upper end of each track is a straight line, the lower end of each track is an arc, and a guide plate through which seedlings pass is arranged behind the tracks and is arranged on a machine frame at the lower end of a seedling box of the rice transplanter to assist the seedling claws to complete the action.
6. The transplanting mechanism of the universal rice transplanter as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the buffer block is made of rubber or polyurethane materials.
7. The transplanting mechanism of the universal rice transplanter as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the auxiliary seedling door is formed by bending a thin steel plate, the width of the auxiliary seedling door is the sum of the strokes of the seedling box and the seedling moving box, the seedling door notches of the auxiliary seedling door correspond to the seedling doors of the seedling door track one by one and are arranged between the seedling box and the seedling door track, and the auxiliary seedling door is adjusted up and down to control the distance between the seedlings and the upper surface of the seedling door track, so that the depth of the seedling claw for grabbing the seedlings each time is controlled.
8. The transplanting mechanism of the universal rice transplanter as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the transplanting mechanism is reversely mounted and applied to the hand-held transplanter, the inclined plane of the seedling box is forward, the transplanting mechanism is reversely mounted, and the seedlings are thrown backwards.
9. The transplanting mechanism of the universal rice transplanter as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the transplanting mechanism is installed on the single-wheel transplanter in a forward direction, the inclined plane of a seedling box is backward, the transplanting mechanism is installed in the forward direction, seedlings are thrown forwards, and in order to prevent the transplanted seedlings from being hooked up by seedling needles at the lowest point of a track, the installing position of the transplanting mechanism needs to be relatively increased;
or the transplanting mechanism can be installed in the forward direction and applied to a four-wheel high-speed transplanter, the transplanting assembly is installed on an independent suspension system, the inclined plane of the seedling box faces backwards, the transplanting mechanism is installed in the forward direction, the sliding floats are relatively independent, the floats on the two sides are provided with profiling sensors, and the float in the center is provided with a lifting sensor.
10. The transplanting mechanism of the universal rice transplanter as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the transplanting mechanism is applied to the backpack seedling throwing machine, the inclined plane of the seedling box is forward and relatively fixed, the transplanting mechanism assembly moves on the guide rail, the transverse output shaft is made into a hollow shaft, the spiral cam shaft and the lead sliding block of the original seedling box are arranged in the transverse output shaft, the other end of the spiral cam shaft is fixed on the support, and when the transverse output shaft rotates, the spiral cam shaft pushes the transplanting mechanism assembly to transversely reciprocate.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210279574.1A CN114402763B (en) | 2022-03-22 | 2022-03-22 | Transplanting mechanism of universal rice transplanter |
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| CN114402763B CN114402763B (en) | 2024-08-13 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115250650A (en) * | 2022-09-05 | 2022-11-01 | 吉林大学 | Double-wing type subsoiling mechanism with bionic rigid-flexible coupling self-excited vibration |
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| CN2156656Y (en) * | 1993-06-12 | 1994-02-23 | 曹步贤 | Seedling-planting machine |
| JPH08331953A (en) * | 1995-06-12 | 1996-12-17 | Yanmar Agricult Equip Co Ltd | Seedling planting device in rice transplanter |
| CN2384409Y (en) * | 1999-09-06 | 2000-06-28 | 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 | Rice transplanting machine |
| CN108886929A (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2018-11-27 | 河北省农业机械化研究所有限公司 | The horizontal transplanter of sweet potato |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2156656Y (en) * | 1993-06-12 | 1994-02-23 | 曹步贤 | Seedling-planting machine |
| JPH08331953A (en) * | 1995-06-12 | 1996-12-17 | Yanmar Agricult Equip Co Ltd | Seedling planting device in rice transplanter |
| CN2384409Y (en) * | 1999-09-06 | 2000-06-28 | 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 | Rice transplanting machine |
| CN108886929A (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2018-11-27 | 河北省农业机械化研究所有限公司 | The horizontal transplanter of sweet potato |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115250650A (en) * | 2022-09-05 | 2022-11-01 | 吉林大学 | Double-wing type subsoiling mechanism with bionic rigid-flexible coupling self-excited vibration |
| CN115250650B (en) * | 2022-09-05 | 2024-03-22 | 吉林大学 | Double-wing deep scarification mechanism capable of simulating rigid-flexible coupling self-excited vibration |
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| CN114402763B (en) | 2024-08-13 |
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