CN114397197A - Rock-soil micro-mechanical property tester - Google Patents
Rock-soil micro-mechanical property tester Download PDFInfo
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- CN114397197A CN114397197A CN202111588140.1A CN202111588140A CN114397197A CN 114397197 A CN114397197 A CN 114397197A CN 202111588140 A CN202111588140 A CN 202111588140A CN 114397197 A CN114397197 A CN 114397197A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
Abstract
The invention designs a rock-soil micro-mechanical property tester, belonging to an indoor micro-test device in the field of geotechnical engineering. Based on a loading device which is arranged on a base platform and is used for applying normal load in the vertical direction and a displacement device which is arranged on the base platform and is used for applying shearing tangential displacement in the horizontal direction, an upper particle mounting plate is arranged at the pressure applying end of the loading device for applying normal load, and a lower particle mounting plate is arranged at the pressure applying end of the displacement device for applying shearing tangential displacement; and a particle-particle test piece, a particle-block test piece and a block-block test piece are arranged between the upper particle plate and the lower particle plate. The rock-soil micro-mechanical property tester provided by the invention can test different contact modes of particles, particles and blocks, and research normal and tangential force-displacement behaviors, including inter-particle friction and contact rigidity. And the force, displacement and collision speed of collision between particles can be arbitrarily controlled by a servo motor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention designs a rock-soil micro-mechanical property tester, belonging to an indoor micro-test device in the field of geotechnical engineering.
Background
With the continuous development of the Discrete Element (DEM) numerical analysis technology, the research on the micro-mechanical properties of the geotechnical engineering materials is more and more emphasized. It is now generally accepted that the mechanical behavior of particulate materials at micro and macro scale is significantly influenced by the small scale particle characteristics, including the behavior of the particle interfaces (i.e. normal and shear stiffness), the fragmentation behavior of the particles and their morphological characteristics.
An important part of the research on the micro-mechanical properties of geotechnical engineering materials is to research the influence of the speed on the micro-scale and macro-scale behaviors of the granular materials. Within the framework of micromechanics, it is generally accepted that shear rate has an effect on interparticle friction at the contact interface. However, this topic has largely not been explored in terms of particle contact type laboratory studies (including real soil particles as well as composite particle materials such as sand-rubber mixtures).
Most of the existing instruments can only apply normal load but cannot apply tangential load to the particle materials, and the existing instruments can only load at several fixed speeds, cannot randomly control the force, displacement and collision speed of collision among particles, and cannot study the influence of speed on the loading effect of the particle materials.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a novel rock-soil micro-mechanical property tester aiming at the problems. Microscopic interparticle shear tests can be performed while extending to very high shear rates, allowing the interparticle friction to be studied over a velocity range of at least five orders of magnitude.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a rock-soil micro-mechanical property tester, which is based on a loading device which is arranged on a base platform and is used for applying normal load in the vertical direction and a displacement device which is arranged on the base platform and is used for applying shear tangential displacement in the horizontal direction, wherein an upper particle mounting plate is arranged at the pressure applying end of the loading device for applying normal load, and a lower particle mounting plate is arranged at the pressure applying end of the displacement device for applying shear tangential displacement; and a particle-particle test piece, a particle-block test piece and a block-block test piece are arranged between the upper particle plate and the lower particle plate.
According to the rock-soil micro-mechanical property tester, the loading device for applying the normal load comprises a vertical servo motor, a vertical fixing support, a right-angle support and a vertical load sensor; the vertical fixing support is provided with a vertical servo motor, the vertical servo motor drives the right-angle support to move up and down, the bottom end of the right-angle support is provided with a vertical load sensor, and the vertical load sensor is connected with the upper particle plate.
According to the rock-soil micro-mechanical property tester, the displacement device for applying shear tangential displacement comprises a horizontal micro-step motor, a horizontal load sensor, a ball skid and a particle base; a particle base is arranged at the upper end of the ball skid, a lower particle plate is arranged on the particle base, and a pressure application end of the horizontal micro-step motor applies pressure to the particle base to enable the particle base to generate shearing tangential displacement; a horizontal load sensor phase is also arranged between the pressure applying end of the horizontal micro-step motor and the particle base.
According to the rock-soil micro-mechanical property tester, the horizontal micro-step motor is arranged on the horizontal support, the horizontal support is further provided with a horizontally placed linear guide rail II, a horizontal connecting shaft sliding along the linear guide rail II is arranged on the linear guide rail II, and a pressure applying end of the horizontal micro-step motor is connected with the horizontal load sensor through the horizontal connecting shaft.
According to the rock-soil micro-mechanical property tester, one end face, opposite to the horizontal load sensor, of the particle base is provided with the linear guide rail I which is vertically arranged, and the sliding block matched with the linear guide rail I is arranged at the connecting end of the horizontal load sensor and the particle base.
The rock-soil micro-mechanical property tester also comprises a measuring device for measuring the displacement of the upper particle plate and the lower particle plate.
The invention relates to a rock-soil micro-mechanical property tester, wherein a measuring device comprises a vertical displacement sensor, a first horizontal displacement sensor, a second horizontal displacement sensor, a first datum plane, a second datum plane and a third datum plane; the two opposite side walls of the upper particle plate are respectively provided with a vertical displacement sensor and a first reference surface; the first reference surface is parallel to the vertical fixing support, and the first horizontal displacement sensor is used for monitoring the vertical displacement of the first reference surface; the second reference surface is fixed between the particle base and the first linear guide rail; part of the second reference surface extends to one side of the particle base, and the horizontal displacement sensor is used for monitoring the horizontal displacement of the second reference surface; and a third reference surface which is horizontally arranged is arranged between the particle base and the lower particle plate, and the third reference surface extends to the lower part of the vertical displacement sensor.
Advantageous effects
The rock-soil micro-mechanical property tester provided by the invention can test different contact modes of particles, particles and blocks, and research normal and tangential force-displacement behaviors, including inter-particle friction and contact rigidity. And the force, displacement and collision speed of collision between particles can be arbitrarily controlled by a servo motor. The biggest difference with other instruments is that the shear rate (and normal load) can be applied over a larger range, and therefore the rate effect can be more easily studied.
According to the rock-soil micro-mechanical property tester provided by the invention, the test object is a rock-soil material with the size of 1-5mm, and vertical and horizontal forces can be applied to the granular material, so that the normal mechanical property of the granular material can be researched, the tangential mechanical property of the granular material can also be researched, in addition, the contact response under a large-range shearing speed can also be researched, the device can also be used for researching the normal and tangential contact behaviors of a granular-block or a block-block type, and an experimental basis of a micro-level is provided for related theoretical analysis and macro-mechanical property analysis.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a rock-soil micro-mechanical property tester of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of the rock soil micro-mechanical property tester of the present invention.
In the figure, 1-a vertical servo motor, 2-a vertical fixing bracket, 3-a vertical load sensor, 4-a first reference surface, 5-a first horizontal displacement sensor, 6-a second reference surface, 7-a vertical displacement sensor, 8-a third reference surface, 9-a first linear guide rail, 10-a horizontal load sensor, 11-a second horizontal displacement sensor, 12-a second linear guide rail, 13-a horizontal connecting shaft, 14-a horizontal micro-stepping motor, 15-a right-angle bracket, 16-an upper particle mounting plate, 17-a lower particle mounting plate, 18-a horizontal fixing bracket, 19-a particle base and 20-a ball skid.
Detailed Description
In order to make the purpose and technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the invention without any inventive step, are within the scope of protection of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2: the device of the rock-soil micro-mechanical property tester comprises two sets of loading systems, one set of loading systems applies normal load in the vertical direction, and the other set of loading systems applies shear to particle contact in the horizontal direction. The instrument is capable of testing different particle-particle, particle-bulk, bulk-bulk contact modes and studying the normal and tangential force-displacement behavior, including inter-particle friction and contact stiffness, but the main innovation is that the device can apply shear velocity (and normal load) over a wider range, and thus rate effects can be studied more easily, whereas ordinary vertical loading systems do not have this function. The normal loading system and the tangential loading system in the device are both composed of a motor, a group of connecting and linear bearings and a high-resolution sensor, and the force (with the accuracy of 0.01N) and the displacement (with the accuracy of 0.01 mu m) are measured.
The vertical system is controlled by a vertical servo motor 1, the vertical servo motor 1 is fixed through a vertical fixing support 2, the horizontal system is controlled by a horizontal micro-stepping motor 14, and the horizontal micro-stepping motor 14 is fixed through a horizontal support 18. The motion of the vertical servo motor 1 and the horizontal micro-stepper motor 14 can be controlled by a specified output force, velocity or displacement. The force control accuracy of the two motors is 25 mN.
The linear workbench is arranged in the motor, and only the movement in the vertical or horizontal direction is ensured. A right-angle bracket 15 is fixed on the mobile platform by screws so as to install the force sensor, the displacement sensor and the upper particle mounting plate, and the vertical displacement sensor 7 is installed between the vertical load sensor 3 and the upper particle mounting plate 16; its datum level three 8 is mounted on the lower particle mounting plate 17. This structure significantly reduces the length of the vertical system, thereby increasing its stiffness.
The horizontal loading system comprises a lower particle mounting plate 17, a particle base 19, a ball skid 20, a linear guide rail II 12 and a connecting shaft 13. The micro-step size of the micro-stepping motor in the horizontal direction is 0.048 μm, fine movement is guaranteed, and the maximum speed of the micro-stepping motor can reach 8 mm/s (=28800 mm/h). The second horizontal displacement sensor 11 is fixed on the bottom aluminum plate, and the second reference surface 6 of the displacement sensor is attached to the particle base 19. In the tangential shear test, the lower particle mounting plate 17 is fixed to the guide sled by a mount 19 and pushed by the horizontal loading system under a given normal load applied to particle contact by the vertical system. The upper particle may move horizontally during shearing and therefore the possible motion of the upper particle due to shearing is captured using another horizontal displacement sensor-5 which monitors the motion of the vertical system in the direction of shearing. Considering the vertical loading system as a cantilever beam, the horizontal displacement of the upper particles during shearing, i.e. twice the horizontal displacement of the vertical load box, can be estimated. The actual relative motion between the upper and lower particles can be calculated by subtracting the displacement of the upper particle from the displacement measured by the horizontal displacement sensing system.
In the high-precision eddy current displacement sensor, the analog signal output of the displacement sensor and the load cell is powered by a high-stability power supply, filtered by an analog signal filter, and acquired by a data recorder with high sampling rate capability (up to 20 Hz). These data were then recorded by a custom made LabView software which was also used to control the motor and monitor the test in real time. All sensors are carefully calibrated. When the system is at rest, ± 1.4 × 10 can be observed from displacement and load readings, respectively−4mm and noise levels of 0.06N. The noise level is slightly higher than in prior instruments because the data recording frequency is significantly higher. Nevertheless, the accuracy is still sufficient to resolve the mechanical response between particles on a microscopic scale, and the high performance motors, precision sensors and high frequency data recording systems show good quality data in terms of contact stiffness enabling dynamic devices to perform shear testing in a speed range extending from 0.18 mm/h to over 1000 mm/h depending on the material being tested.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. A rock soil micro mechanical property tester is characterized in that: based on a loading device which is arranged on a base platform and is used for applying normal load in the vertical direction and a displacement device which is arranged on the base platform and is used for applying shearing tangential displacement in the horizontal direction, an upper particle mounting plate is arranged at the pressure applying end of the loading device for applying normal load, and a lower particle mounting plate is arranged at the pressure applying end of the displacement device for applying shearing tangential displacement; and a particle-particle test piece, a particle-block test piece and a block-block test piece are arranged between the upper particle plate and the lower particle plate.
2. The geotechnical micromechanical property tester according to claim 1, wherein: the loading device for applying the normal load comprises a vertical servo motor, a vertical fixing support, a right-angle support and a vertical load sensor; the vertical fixing support is provided with a vertical servo motor, the vertical servo motor drives the right-angle support to move up and down, the bottom end of the right-angle support is provided with a vertical load sensor, and the vertical load sensor is connected with the upper particle plate.
3. The geotechnical micromechanical property tester according to claim 1, wherein: the displacement device for applying shearing tangential displacement comprises a horizontal micro-step motor, a horizontal load sensor, a ball skid and a particle base; a particle base is arranged at the upper end of the ball skid, a lower particle plate is arranged on the particle base, and a pressure application end of the horizontal micro-step motor applies pressure to the particle base to enable the particle base to generate shearing tangential displacement; a horizontal load sensor phase is also arranged between the pressure applying end of the horizontal micro-step motor and the particle base.
4. The geotechnical micromechanical property tester according to claim 3, wherein: the horizontal micro-step motor is arranged on the horizontal support, a second linear guide rail horizontally arranged is further arranged on the horizontal support, a horizontal connecting shaft sliding along the second linear guide rail is arranged on the second linear guide rail, and a pressure applying end of the horizontal micro-step motor is connected with the horizontal load sensor through the horizontal connecting shaft.
5. The geotechnical micromechanical property tester according to claim 3, wherein: the particle base is provided with a linear guide rail I which is vertically arranged relative to one end face of the horizontal load sensor, and a sliding block matched with the linear guide rail I is arranged at the connecting end of the horizontal load sensor and the particle base.
6. The geotechnical micromechanical property tester according to claim 1, wherein: the particle plate displacement measuring device is used for measuring the displacement of the upper particle plate and the lower particle plate.
7. The geotechnical micromechanical property tester according to claim 1, 2 or 5, wherein: the measuring device comprises a vertical displacement sensor, a first horizontal displacement sensor, a second horizontal displacement sensor, a first reference surface, a second reference surface and a third reference surface; the two opposite side walls of the upper particle plate are respectively provided with a vertical displacement sensor and a first reference surface; the first reference surface is parallel to the vertical fixing support, and the first horizontal displacement sensor is used for monitoring the vertical displacement of the first reference surface; the second reference surface is fixed between the particle base and the first linear guide rail; part of the second reference surface extends to one side of the particle base, and the horizontal displacement sensor is used for monitoring the horizontal displacement of the second reference surface; and a third reference surface which is horizontally arranged is arranged between the particle base and the lower particle plate, and the third reference surface extends to the lower part of the vertical displacement sensor.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111588140.1A CN114397197A (en) | 2021-12-23 | 2021-12-23 | Rock-soil micro-mechanical property tester |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111588140.1A CN114397197A (en) | 2021-12-23 | 2021-12-23 | Rock-soil micro-mechanical property tester |
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| CN114397197A true CN114397197A (en) | 2022-04-26 |
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| CN202111588140.1A Pending CN114397197A (en) | 2021-12-23 | 2021-12-23 | Rock-soil micro-mechanical property tester |
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Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001201446A (en) * | 2000-01-19 | 2001-07-27 | Japan Science & Technology Corp | Small-sized automatic repeating one surface-shearing testing apparatus |
| CN1641336A (en) * | 2004-12-15 | 2005-07-20 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Rock-soil mechanics direct shear experimental system |
| CN202903619U (en) * | 2012-10-17 | 2013-04-24 | 中国矿业大学 | Shear test device for observing mechanical property of underwater soil and structural interface |
| CN108535179A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-09-14 | 合肥工业大学 | The linear reciprocal shearing motion mechanical property testing platform of particulate matter |
| CN109211689A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2019-01-15 | 西南交通大学 | Railway ballast staight scissors method for analyzing performance and device |
| CN110186816A (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2019-08-30 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | A kind of experimental rig for testing granular materials micro kinetics characteristic |
| CN111089781A (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2020-05-01 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Rock shear test equipment and direct shear test method for rock test block |
-
2021
- 2021-12-23 CN CN202111588140.1A patent/CN114397197A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001201446A (en) * | 2000-01-19 | 2001-07-27 | Japan Science & Technology Corp | Small-sized automatic repeating one surface-shearing testing apparatus |
| CN1641336A (en) * | 2004-12-15 | 2005-07-20 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Rock-soil mechanics direct shear experimental system |
| CN202903619U (en) * | 2012-10-17 | 2013-04-24 | 中国矿业大学 | Shear test device for observing mechanical property of underwater soil and structural interface |
| CN108535179A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-09-14 | 合肥工业大学 | The linear reciprocal shearing motion mechanical property testing platform of particulate matter |
| CN109211689A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2019-01-15 | 西南交通大学 | Railway ballast staight scissors method for analyzing performance and device |
| CN110186816A (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2019-08-30 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | A kind of experimental rig for testing granular materials micro kinetics characteristic |
| CN111089781A (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2020-05-01 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Rock shear test equipment and direct shear test method for rock test block |
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