CN114394063B - Automobile keyless entry safety protection system based on gait analysis - Google Patents

Automobile keyless entry safety protection system based on gait analysis Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114394063B
CN114394063B CN202210056062.9A CN202210056062A CN114394063B CN 114394063 B CN114394063 B CN 114394063B CN 202210056062 A CN202210056062 A CN 202210056062A CN 114394063 B CN114394063 B CN 114394063B
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automobile
gait
owner
data
bluetooth
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CN114394063A (en
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张淼
王国达
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Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications
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Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60RVEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R25/00Fittings or systems for preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of vehicles
    • B60R25/10Fittings or systems for preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of vehicles actuating a signalling device
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60RVEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R25/00Fittings or systems for preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of vehicles
    • B60R25/20Means to switch the anti-theft system on or off
    • B60R25/24Means to switch the anti-theft system on or off using electronic identifiers containing a code not memorised by the user
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06NCOMPUTING ARRANGEMENTS BASED ON SPECIFIC COMPUTATIONAL MODELS
    • G06N3/00Computing arrangements based on biological models
    • G06N3/02Neural networks
    • G06N3/04Architecture, e.g. interconnection topology
    • G06N3/045Combinations of networks
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06NCOMPUTING ARRANGEMENTS BASED ON SPECIFIC COMPUTATIONAL MODELS
    • G06N3/00Computing arrangements based on biological models
    • G06N3/02Neural networks
    • G06N3/08Learning methods
    • GPHYSICS
    • G07CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07CTIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C9/00309Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks
    • GPHYSICS
    • G07CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07CTIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C9/00571Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by interacting with a central unit
    • GPHYSICS
    • G07CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07CTIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C9/00896Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys specially adapted for particular uses
    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08BSIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B21/00Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/02Services making use of location information
    • H04W4/021Services related to particular areas, e.g. point of interest [POI] services, venue services or geofences
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/30Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
    • H04W4/40Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/80Services using short range communication, e.g. near-field communication [NFC], radio-frequency identification [RFID] or low energy communication
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02DCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Abstract

The invention discloses a car keyless entry safety protection system based on gait analysis, which comprises a Bluetooth module and a gait recognition module, wherein the Bluetooth module is used for connecting a car owner intelligent device through the Bluetooth module to carry out Bluetooth distance verification after finishing the last step of authentication on the basis of the original car keyless entry protocol, and feeding back the judgment result of the gait recognition module to the car; the gait recognition module is installed in the intelligent device and used for the intelligent device to perform gait recognition verification according to the recorded gait information of the intelligent device and the user behavior and make judgment in the intelligent device of the vehicle owner. According to the automobile keyless entry safety protection system, the state behavior information of the automobile owner is judged based on the Unet and ResNet processing sensor data mode, and the automobile entrance guard safety is protected and the safety protection performance of the automobile networking is improved through the double verification technology of the intelligent equipment, namely Bluetooth connection distance limitation and owner behavior state verification in the intelligent equipment.

Description

Automobile keyless entry safety protection system based on gait analysis
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automobile safety, in particular to an automobile keyless entry safety protection system based on gait analysis.
Background
With the development of the automobile industry and the improvement of social science and technology and productivity, a keyless entry system is more and more popular among automobiles of various manufacturers, and the system almost becomes a standard matching system of current factory automobile models. But the keyless entry system of the automobile has the potential safety hazard that an attacker can open the automobile door and even steal the automobile by using the system under the condition that an owner does not know the system.
When a vehicle is equipped with a Passive Key Entry and Start (PKES) system, the driver can unlock the doors as long as he/she is in the vicinity of the vehicle. In some cases, the driver must also press a button on the vehicle. Mutual communication between the key fob and the vehicle is required to verify that the driver is actually nearby. The vehicle then communicates with the key fob via a Low Frequency (LF) band (125 khz), and the corresponding key fob responds to the request via an Ultra High Frequency (UHF) band communication. Fig. 1 shows an example of a message flow for authentication in a PKES system. The vehicle broadcasts a low frequency signal periodically to check for the presence of a suitable key fob, such as a beacon signal, in the vicinity. If the key fob is within a communication range of a low frequency band (e.g., 1-2 m), it receives a periodic low frequency band signal from the vehicle, enabling it to transmit a response signal in the UHF band. For security reasons, the data packets are encrypted using a long-term key that is pre-shared between the remote key fob and its respective vehicle. It is noted that in the PKES system, the driver can start the engine even without inserting a physical key into the ignition switch.
In consideration of cost control and convenient manufacturing, automobile manufacturers usually pay less attention to safety of middle-end automobile models equipped with keyless entry systems, and a large number of automobile models with potential safety hazards exist in the current market.
Because the keyless entry system used by most current automobiles has a relay attack hole, but most safety protection measures aiming at the hole at present need to carry out large-scale transformation on automobile keys and automobile hardware systems, for example, machine learning equipment is additionally arranged in the automobile through additional transmission position information of the automobile keys, and the function setting of an Electronic Control Unit (ECU) is changed, which means that the defense mode can not be widely popularized, and the practicability can be greatly reduced.
In addition, a method for judging the strength difference of the signals received by the annunciators by arranging a plurality of key signal receivers on the automobile is also provided, the method has a better protection effect on the one-way relay, and the method has a larger problem of judging the relay attack when dealing with the two-way relay and has low accuracy.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention designs and develops a new safety detection scheme, namely an automobile keyless entry safety protection system based on gait analysis, in order to change the original system less and protect the automobile keyless entry system better in consideration of the complexity of an automobile wireless communication system.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a car keyless entry safety protection system based on gait analysis, which comprises a Bluetooth module and a gait recognition module, wherein the Bluetooth module is used for connecting a car owner intelligent device through the Bluetooth module to carry out Bluetooth distance verification after finishing the last step of authentication on the basis of the original car keyless entry protocol, and feeding back the judgment result of the gait recognition module to the car; the gait recognition module is installed in the intelligent device and used for the intelligent device to conduct gait recognition verification according to recorded gait information of the intelligent device and user behaviors in combination and to make judgment in the vehicle owner intelligent device.
Further, the gait recognition module adopts a deep learning network model.
Further, the training process of the deep learning network model comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of collecting data by using a sensor of intelligent equipment, carrying out uniform formatting treatment on training data, then entering into the encoding process of a Unet structure, carrying out data normalization operation after the Unet structure processes the data, and linking a full connection layer storage model result.
Further, the sensor comprises an acceleration sensor and a gyroscope.
Further, the step of the gait recognition module comprises: firstly, a residual error network is utilized to carry out feature extraction for coding, then decoding is carried out, classification of pixel points with the same size as that of an original image is returned, and after classification is obtained, a full-link layer is used for outputting.
Furthermore, the intelligent device is a smart phone.
Further, the automobile keyless entry safety protection system based on gait analysis comprises the following processing steps:
s1, a vehicle owner carries an intelligent key to get close to a vehicle door, and a keyless entry system is triggered;
s2, the automobile normally communicates with the intelligent key, the awakening and challenge codes are transmitted to the automobile key, and the key receives and verifies the awakening and challenge codes and then sends an encrypted unlocking instruction by using a general high-frequency band;
s3, bluetooth distance verification: after the automobile receives the instruction and passes the verification, the Bluetooth is started, and Bluetooth equipment bound by an automobile owner is searched and connected within the communication distance of the Bluetooth;
s4, gait recognition and verification: after the intelligent device is automatically connected with the automobile, the automobile sends a verification request to the intelligent device, the intelligent device judges whether an action gait segment exists or not through sensor information, if the action gait segment exists, the whole gait action of a default owner accords with logic to judge that the unlocking is safe, a safe automatic unlocking signal is returned to the automobile through Bluetooth, otherwise, the intelligent device prompts the owner of the automobile, and the owner of the automobile needs to manually confirm whether the automobile is unlocked or the automobile is unlocked but pops up the automobile unlocking warning for the owner of the automobile.
Furthermore, in the gait recognition and verification process, firstly, formatting operation is carried out on data of the sensor, the transmitted data are subjected to standardization conversion according to dimensionality, meanwhile, data format reforming is carried out, the data meet the model agreement input standard, and then the data are transmitted into an analysis engine, and whether behavior gait segments exist in the data characteristic analysis sequence of the sensor or not is analyzed.
Further, the data of the sensors is set in six dimensions, including three dimensions of acceleration sensors and three dimensions of gyroscope angular velocity amounts.
And further, the vehicle owner unlocking behavior data are used as training data to train the gait recognition model again each time.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides an implementation scheme of an in-vehicle bus gateway safety detection method which is simple and convenient to operate, clear in flow and high in efficiency, the system does not depend on certain specific software and hardware, has the capabilities of identifying different bus domains and detecting message forwarding rules among the different bus domains, has the capability of detecting illegal routes, has the capability of automatically adapting bus interfaces, judges vehicle owner state behavior information based on a Unet and ResNet processing sensor data mode, and protects the door access safety of an automobile and improves the safety protection performance of the internet of vehicles by the double verification technology of intelligent equipment, namely Bluetooth connection distance limitation and vehicle owner behavior state verification in the intelligent equipment.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art according to these drawings.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a car keyless entry security system based on gait analysis according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is an overall structure of a gait recognition module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The automobile keyless entry safety protection system based on gait analysis comprises a Bluetooth module and a gait recognition module, wherein as shown in figure 1, the Bluetooth module is used for connecting an automobile with an intelligent device of an automobile owner through the Bluetooth module to carry out Bluetooth distance verification after finishing the last step of authentication on the basis of the original automobile keyless entry protocol, and feeding back the judgment result of the gait recognition module to the automobile; the gait recognition module is installed in the intelligent device and used for the intelligent device to perform gait recognition verification according to the recorded gait information of the intelligent device and the user behavior and make judgment in the intelligent device of the vehicle owner.
The intelligent device is an intelligent mobile phone.
After the last step of authentication is completed on the basis of the original automobile keyless entry protocol, the automobile tries to be connected with an intelligent device of an automobile owner through Bluetooth, such as a mobile phone, in the communication distance of the Bluetooth, the first layer of safety protection detection is acquiescent, then the intelligent device analyzes according to recorded gait information, in a common situation, walking-static state conversion often exists when the automobile owner uses a keyless entry system, and the automobile owner is not necessarily in a walking state when the automobile owner operates a door. Through the process, warning can be given in the app bound by the owner in combination with the user behavior. Thereby providing a second layer of protection for the keyless entry system.
Regarding the gait recognition module:
the gait recognition module adopts a deep learning network model. The model structure is shown in fig. 2. The core part is formed by improving Unet and ResNet, and the data part is acquired by using an acceleration sensor and a gyroscope of the smart phone.
The training process of the deep learning network model comprises the following steps: and acquiring data by using a sensor of the intelligent equipment, wherein the sensor comprises an acceleration sensor and a gyroscope. The training data is subjected to unified formatting processing, then enters the encoding (down-sampling) process of the Unet structure, is subjected to data normalization operation after the data is processed by the Unet structure, and is linked with a full connection layer storage model result.
The steps of the gait recognition module include: firstly, a residual error network is utilized to carry out feature extraction for coding (down sampling), then decoding (up sampling) is carried out, then classification of pixel points with the same size as an original image is returned, and after classification is obtained, a full connection layer is used for outputting.
The automobile keyless entry safety protection system based on gait analysis comprises the following processing steps:
s1, firstly, normally completing a normal keyless entry system protocol flow through a vehicle owner, namely, triggering a keyless entry system when the vehicle owner carries an intelligent key to be close to a vehicle door (1-2 m);
s2, the automobile normally communicates with the intelligent key, the awakening and challenge codes are transmitted to the automobile key, and the key receives and verifies the awakening and challenge codes and then sends an encrypted unlocking instruction by using a general high-frequency band;
s3, bluetooth distance verification: after the automobile receives the instruction and passes the verification, the multiple verification mechanisms in the invention are awakened, the Bluetooth is started, and the Bluetooth equipment bound by the automobile owner is searched and connected within the communication distance of the Bluetooth;
s4, gait recognition and verification: after the intelligent device is automatically connected with the automobile, the automobile sends a verification request to the intelligent device (such as a mobile phone), the intelligent device judges whether the intelligent device is in a non-motion state or not through sensor (acceleration sensor and gyroscope) information, and if the intelligent device is in the non-motion state, the intelligent device automatically calls pre-recorded data with a proper time length preset in the previous section;
the method comprises the steps that data are firstly formatted, incoming data are subjected to standardized conversion according to dimensionality, data format reforming is carried out simultaneously, the data conform to a model agreement input standard, then the data conform to an analysis engine, whether a behavior gait segment exists in a data characteristic analysis sequence of a sensor or not is judged, if the behavior gait segment exists, the whole gait behavior of a vehicle owner is acquiescent to accord with logic and the unlocking is safe, a safe automatic unlocking signal is returned to the vehicle through Bluetooth, otherwise, the vehicle owner is prompted in intelligent equipment, and the vehicle owner needs to manually confirm whether the vehicle is unlocked or not or the vehicle is unlocked but pops up a vehicle unlocking warning for the vehicle owner.
In the present embodiment, the data of the sensors is set in six dimensions, including three dimensions of the acceleration sensor and three dimensions of the amount of angular velocity of the gyroscope. The specific behavior logic owner can freely set, and the subsequent model can be expanded, so that the method is not limited to the six-dimensional data information.
And S5, training the gait recognition model again by taking the vehicle owner unlocking behavior data as training data every time, and improving the model, so that the model is continuously evolved, and the judgment speed and accuracy are continuously improved.
All the embodiments in the present specification are described in a related manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments may be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, apparatus embodiments, electronic device embodiments, computer-readable storage medium embodiments, and computer program product embodiments are described with relative simplicity as they are substantially similar to method embodiments, where relevant only as described in portions of the method embodiments.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present application, and are used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present application, but not limiting the same, and the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and although the present application is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: those skilled in the art can still make modifications or easily conceive of changes to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalents to some of them, within the technical scope of the present disclosure; such modifications, changes or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, which should be construed in light of the above teachings. Are intended to be covered by the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (8)

1. A car keyless entry safety protection system based on gait analysis is characterized by comprising a Bluetooth module and a gait recognition module, wherein the Bluetooth module is used for connecting a car owner intelligent device through the Bluetooth module to carry out Bluetooth distance verification after finishing the last step of authentication on the basis of the original car keyless entry protocol, and feeding back the judgment result of the gait recognition module to the car; the gait recognition module is arranged in the intelligent equipment and used for the intelligent equipment to perform gait recognition verification according to the recorded gait information of the intelligent equipment and the user behavior and make judgment in the intelligent equipment of the vehicle owner;
the system comprises the following processing steps:
s1, a vehicle owner carries an intelligent key to get close to a vehicle door, and a keyless entry system is triggered;
s2, the automobile normally communicates with the intelligent key, the awakening and challenge codes are transmitted to the automobile key, and the key receives and verifies the awakening and challenge codes and then sends an encrypted unlocking instruction by using a general high-frequency band;
s3, bluetooth distance verification: after the automobile receives the instruction and passes the verification, the Bluetooth is started, and the Bluetooth equipment bound by the automobile owner is searched and connected within the communication distance of the Bluetooth;
s4, gait recognition and verification: after the intelligent device is automatically connected with the automobile, the automobile sends a verification request to the intelligent device, the intelligent device judges whether a behavior gait section exists or not through sensor information, if the behavior gait section exists, the whole gait behavior of an owner is defaulted to be in accordance with logic to judge that the unlocking is safe, a safe automatic unlocking signal is returned to the automobile through Bluetooth, otherwise, the owner is prompted in the intelligent device, and the owner needs to manually confirm whether the unlocking is performed or not or the automobile is unlocked but pops up a vehicle unlocking alarm for the owner;
in the gait recognition and verification process, firstly, formatting operation is carried out on data of a sensor, incoming data are subjected to standardized conversion according to dimensionality, meanwhile, data format reforming is carried out, the data meet the model agreement input standard, and then the data are transmitted into an analysis engine, and whether behavior gait segments exist in a data characteristic analysis sequence of the sensor is analyzed; the sensor comprises an acceleration sensor and a gyroscope.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the gait recognition module employs a deep learning network model.
3. The system of claim 2, wherein the training process of the deep learning network model comprises: the method comprises the steps of collecting data by using a sensor of intelligent equipment, carrying out uniform formatting treatment on training data, then entering into the encoding process of a Unet structure, carrying out data normalization operation after the Unet structure processes the data, and linking a full connection layer storage model result.
4. The system of claim 3, wherein the sensors include acceleration sensors and gyroscopes.
5. The automobile keyless entry security system according to claim 1, wherein the step of the gait recognition module comprises: firstly, a residual error network is utilized to carry out feature extraction for coding, then decoding is carried out, classification of pixel points with the same size as that of an original image is returned, and after classification is obtained, a full-link layer is used for outputting.
6. The system of claim 1, wherein the smart device is a smart phone.
7. The system of claim 1, wherein the sensor data is arranged in six dimensions, including three dimensions for acceleration sensors and three dimensions for gyroscope angular rate.
8. The automobile keyless entry safety protection system based on gait analysis as claimed in claim 1, wherein the gait recognition model is retrained each time the owner unlocking behavior data is taken as training data.
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