CN114393196A - Ultra-thick aluminum alloy quenching plate and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Ultra-thick aluminum alloy quenching plate and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114393196A CN114393196A CN202210045490.1A CN202210045490A CN114393196A CN 114393196 A CN114393196 A CN 114393196A CN 202210045490 A CN202210045490 A CN 202210045490A CN 114393196 A CN114393196 A CN 114393196A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D23/00—Casting processes not provided for in groups B22D1/00 - B22D21/00
- B22D23/06—Melting-down metal, e.g. metal particles, in the mould
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
- C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/047—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with magnesium as the next major constituent
Abstract
The invention discloses an ultra-thick aluminum alloy quenching plate and a preparation method thereof. The aluminum alloy quenching plate comprises, by mass, not more than 0.25% of each alloy element and not more than 0.25% of each alloy element, not more than 0.3% of each alloy element, 0.23-0.28% of each alloy element, not more than 0.1% of each alloy element, 1.0-1.15% of each alloy element, 0.19-0.23% of each alloy element, not more than 0.01% of each alloy element, 0.02-0.03% of each alloy element, and the balance of Al. The method comprises the following steps of sequentially carrying out smelting, refining, casting, sawing, face milling, soaking, hot rolling, quenching and aging treatment on raw materials of an aluminum ingot, an Al-Cu75 ingot, a pure magnesium ingot, an Al-Cr75 alloy ingot and 5Ti-1B to prepare the ultra-thick aluminum alloy quenching plate. The product obtained by the invention has better tensile strength, yield strength, hardness and elongation percentage, thereby effectively improving the performances of high strength, high hardness, impact resistance and the like of the aluminum alloy super-thick plate.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy, and particularly relates to an ultra-thick aluminum alloy quenching plate and a preparation method thereof.
Secondly, background art:
the aluminum alloy quenching plate has the advantages that: 1. the weight is light. Because the density of the aluminum alloy quenching plate is only about 36 percent of that of common steel, the motion inertia is lower; the speed can be increased and decreased easily in the production process, so that the loss of the machine and the die workpiece can be reduced. 2. Easy machining and high dimensional stability. The cutting speed of the aluminum alloy quenching plate is more than 6 times faster than that of common steel, so that the processing time of workpieces can be greatly reduced, and the workpieces can be produced more quickly. 3. Excellent thermal conductivity. The heat conductivity of the aluminum alloy quenching plate is higher than that of common steel, so that the cold cutting time of the workpiece in production can be saved by about 50 percent, and the production efficiency of the workpiece is improved.
However, the aluminum alloy quenching plate with the thickness of more than 200mm has uneven hardness of the upper surface and the lower surface of the plate due to immature production process, incomplete quenching, overaging and the like, has large difference between the surface and the core part, influences the later normal use, and has a certain gap with the foreign production level.
Thirdly, the invention content:
the technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: according to the defects of the existing production process of the aluminum alloy quenching plate with the thickness of more than 200mm, the invention provides an ultra-thick aluminum alloy quenching plate and a preparation method thereof. According to the technical scheme, the aluminum alloy thick plate with high strength, flatness, no holes and slag in the interior and high elongation and yield strength is prepared through the working procedures of smelting, refining, casting, surface milling, homogenizing heat treatment, heating, hot rough rolling, quenching and aging, the hardness difference of the upper surface and the lower surface is within HB2, and the tensile strength difference of the core part and the surface is below 10 Mpa.
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the invention provides an ultra-thick aluminum alloy quenching plate, which comprises, by mass, not more than 0.25% of Si, not more than 0.3% of Fe, 0.23-0.28% of Cu, not more than 0.1% of Mn, 1.0-1.15% of Mg, 0.19-0.23% of Cr, not more than 0.01% of Zn, 0.02-0.03% of Ti, and the balance of Al.
In addition, the preparation method of the ultra-thick aluminum alloy quenching plate comprises the following steps:
a. smelting: adding raw materials of an aluminum ingot, an additive Al-Cu75 with the Cu content of 75% by mass, a pure magnesium ingot with the purity of 99.98%, an additive Al-Cr75 with the Cr content of 75% by mass, a Zn alloy ingot with the purity of 99.98% and a 5Ti-1B titanium boron wire into a smelting furnace for smelting, controlling the smelting temperature to be 720-760 ℃ and the smelting time to be 4.5-5.5 h, refining under the temperature condition after smelting, continuously smelting for 0.5-1 h under the condition that the temperature is kept unchanged after refining, and obtaining alloy liquid after smelting, wherein the obtained alloy liquid meets the component content requirements of each alloy element in the ultra-thick aluminum alloy quenching plate;
b. refining: b, feeding the alloy liquid obtained in the step a into a standing furnace for refining, removing floating slag after refining is completed, and standing for 20-40 min to obtain refined alloy liquid;
c. casting: b, introducing the alloy liquid obtained in the step b into a primary filtering device through a standing furnace for filtering, introducing the alloy liquid into an online degassing device for online degassing after primary filtering, and sequentially performing secondary filtering and tertiary filtering after online degassing, wherein the diameter of the aluminum slag removed by filtering is less than or equal to 0.005 mm; casting the alloy liquid obtained after filtering to obtain a cast ingot;
d. sawing a head and milling a surface: sawing and milling the obtained cast ingot, wherein the length of the saw head is 200mm, the milling amount of the large surface on one side is controlled to be more than or equal to 12mm, the milling amount of the small surface on one side is controlled to be more than or equal to 10mm, and the thickness difference of two sides of the cast ingot is less than or equal to 3 mm;
e. soaking treatment: carrying out soaking treatment on the cast ingot obtained after surface milling;
the specific process of the soaking treatment is as follows: keeping the furnace gas constant temperature at 490 ℃, keeping the temperature of the hearth at 490 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2.5h, changing the furnace gas temperature to 455 ℃ after the heat preservation time is up, keeping the temperature when the measured metal temperature reaches 455 ℃, keeping the temperature for 5h, keeping the measured metal temperature stable at 450-460 ℃, keeping the total time in the furnace at 20-26 h, and naturally cooling after discharging;
f. hot rolling: placing the aluminum alloy subjected to soaking treatment to room temperature, and then heating the cast ingot; carrying out hot rough rolling after heating treatment, lubricating by using emulsion in the hot rough rolling process, and cooling to obtain an aluminum alloy plate;
g. quenching: cooling the aluminum alloy plate obtained in the step f to room temperature, and then putting the aluminum alloy plate into a box-type quenching furnace for quenching;
h. aging: and (4) carrying out aging treatment on the quenched plate to obtain the ultra-thick aluminum alloy quenched plate.
According to the preparation method of the ultra-thick aluminum alloy quenching plate, in the step a, the refining is carried out by adopting a method that the volume ratio is 1: 9, refining the nitrogen-chlorine mixed gas; the refining time is 25-35 min.
According to the preparation method of the ultra-thick aluminum alloy quenching plate, in the step b, the refining is carried out by adopting a method that the volume ratio is 1: 9, refining the nitrogen-chlorine mixed gas; in the refining process, the refining temperature is controlled to be 720-750 ℃, and the refining time is 30-50 min.
According to the preparation method of the ultra-thick aluminum alloy quenching plate, in the casting process in the step c, the casting temperature is controlled to be 695-715 ℃, and the casting time is 1.5-2.0 h.
According to the preparation method of the ultra-thick aluminum alloy quenching plate, the precision of the filter plate of the primary filter device in the step c is 50 PPi; during the online degassing, high-purity argon with the purity of 99.999% is adopted to carry out online degassing on the alloy liquid, the rotating speed of the graphite rotor is more than or equal to 450r/min during the online degassing, and the hydrogen content after the online degassing is less than or equal to 0.15ml/100 gAl; the precision of the filter plate of the secondary filtration is 60PPi, and the device adopted by the tertiary filtration is a 22-tube tubular filtration device.
According to the preparation method of the ultra-thick aluminum alloy quenching plate, a push type heating furnace is adopted for heating treatment in the step f, and the treatment process comprises the following steps: and keeping the temperature of furnace gas at 530 ℃, keeping the metal temperature at 430-450 ℃, keeping the temperature for 1-3 hours, changing the temperature of the furnace gas to 460 ℃, discharging the furnace when the metal temperature reaches 440-460 ℃ and carrying out hot rolling.
According to the preparation method of the ultra-thick aluminum alloy quenching plate, the hot rolling in the step f is carried out by adopting a 1+1 hot continuous rolling mill for hot rough rolling, the hot rough rolling is cogging at 415-425 ℃, the rough rolling is carried out by 6-13 passes of reversible rolling, the rolling thickness of each pass is 15-50 mm, and the thickness of a rough rolling finished product is 200-500 mm; the final rolling temperature after the hot rough rolling is 350-380 ℃;
the hot rough rolling emulsion has the pressure of 0.35-0.45 Mpa, the temperature of the emulsion of 60-67 ℃ and the mass percentage concentration of 4.0-5.0%.
According to the preparation method of the ultra-thick aluminum alloy quenching plate, the quenching in the step g comprises the following specific processes: vertically erecting the quenching plate in the width direction in a material frame, charging the quenching plate into a furnace, setting the furnace gas temperature to be 540-560 ℃, and keeping the metal temperature to be 520-540 ℃ for 120-240 min; and then discharging from the furnace for water quenching, wherein the temperature of the quenching liquid is 40-50 ℃, the concentration of the quenching liquid is 6-8%, and the transfer time from discharging to quenching is 10-15 seconds.
According to the preparation method of the ultra-thick aluminum alloy quenching plate, the aging system in the step h is as follows: keeping the temperature of the furnace gas at 200 ℃ for 24h, discharging the furnace and air cooling.
The invention has the following positive beneficial effects:
1. in the casting process in the preparation method, an efficient and convenient degassing and deslagging method is adopted, and degassing and three-stage filtration are simultaneously carried out in the casting process, so that the content of hydrogen in molten aluminum is effectively reduced, oxidizing slag is completely removed, the content of impurities in the aluminum is controlled within 0.005mm, and the internal defects generated by holes and pinholes are effectively prevented.
2. The ultra-thick aluminum alloy quenching plate produced by the technical scheme of the invention has no holes and slag inclusion, the internal flaw detection of the thick plate with the thickness of 200-500 mm of the obtained product reaches A-AA level, the defects of internal holes, slag inclusion and the like are completely avoided, and the smooth promotion of the ultra-thick aluminum alloy industry is met; the super-thick aluminum alloy prepared from the material has the advantages of good structure performance, wear resistance, no hole and slag inclusion defects, thereby effectively prolonging the service life of a workpiece.
3. In the preparation process of the ultra-thick aluminum alloy quenching plate, the segregation of ingot components is effectively eliminated, the internal stress of the ingot is reduced, the chemical components are uniform, the internal crystal grains are completely crushed by adopting 6-13 times of high reduction rolling in the hot rolling process, the internal defects of coarse crystal grains, loose tissues and the like are eliminated, and finally the ultra-thick plate product is well promoted.
4. The mechanical property of the 6061 alloy T651-state product has great relation with the solution heat treatment, and the box-type quenching furnace has the advantages of high temperature rise speed, high water quenching speed, small deformation after quenching and the like. According to the invention, the heat treatment operation is carried out through the box-type quenching furnace, so that the tensile strength, the elongation, the yield strength and the hardness value of the aluminum alloy are effectively improved, and the relevant use requirements of the ultra-thick aluminum alloy quenching plate can be completely met.
5. The finished product of the ultra-thick aluminum alloy quenching plate material in the T651 state, which is prepared by the invention, has the advantages that the tensile strength of the material is more than 310Mpa, the elongation is more than 10%, the yield strength is more than 250Mpa, the hardness is HB more than 100, and the high tensile strength and elongation effectively improve the performances of the ultra-thick aluminum alloy plate such as high strength, high hardness, impact resistance and the like.
Fourthly, the specific implementation mode:
the invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which do not limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1:
the ultra-thick aluminum alloy quenching plate comprises, by mass, 0.2% of Si, 0.16% of Fe, 0.24% of Cu, 0.005% of Mn, 1.1% of Mg, 0.21% of Cr, 0.007% of Zn, 0.02% of Ti and the balance of Al.
Example 2:
the ultra-thick aluminum alloy quenching plate comprises, by mass, 0.21% of Si, 0.25% of Fe, 0.26% of Cu, 0.008% of Mn, 1.13% of Mg, 0.21% of Cr, 0.008% of Zn, 0.025% of Ti and the balance of Al.
Example 3:
the ultra-thick aluminum alloy quenching plate disclosed by the invention comprises, by mass, 0.23% of Si, 0.17% of Fe, 0.25% of Cu, 0.009% of Mn, 1.13% of Mg, 0.22% of Cr, 0.006% of Zn, 0.026% of Ti and the balance of Al.
Example 4:
the preparation method of the ultra-thick aluminum alloy quenching plate in the embodiment 1 of the invention comprises the following detailed steps:
a. smelting: adding raw materials of an aluminum ingot, an additive Al-Cu75 with the Cu content of 75% by mass, a pure magnesium ingot with the purity of 99.98%, an additive Al-Cr75 with the Cr content of 75% by mass, a Zn alloy ingot with the purity of 99.98% and a 5Ti-1B titanium boron wire into a smelting furnace for smelting, controlling the smelting temperature to be 750 ℃ and the smelting time to be 5.0h, and refining at the temperature for 30min (refining operation is carried out by adopting nitrogen-chlorine mixed gas with the volume ratio of 1: 9); after refining, continuously smelting for 1h under the condition that the temperature is kept unchanged, and obtaining alloy liquid after smelting, wherein the obtained alloy liquid meets the component content requirements of each alloy element in the ultra-thick aluminum alloy quenching plate in the embodiment 1;
b. refining: b, feeding the alloy liquid obtained in the step a into a standing furnace for refining, controlling the refining temperature to be 730-740 ℃, and the refining time to be 40min (refining operation is carried out by adopting nitrogen-chlorine mixed gas with the volume ratio of 1: 9); removing floating slag after refining, and standing for 35min to obtain refined alloy liquid;
c. casting: b, introducing the alloy liquid obtained in the step b into a primary filtering device through a standing furnace for filtering, introducing the alloy liquid into an online degassing device for online degassing after primary filtering, and sequentially performing secondary filtering and tertiary filtering after online degassing, wherein the diameter of the aluminum slag removed by filtering is less than or equal to 0.005 mm; casting the alloy liquid obtained after filtering, wherein the casting temperature is 715 ℃, the casting time is 1.5h, the casting water temperature is 30 ℃, and the casting water pressure is 0.7kg/cm2The casting speed is 45mm/min, and the casting water flow is 210m3Obtaining an aluminum alloy cast ingot with the thickness of 640mm and the width of 1330 mm;
the precision of a filter plate of the primary filter device is 50 PPi; during the online degassing, high-purity argon with the purity of 99.999% is adopted to carry out online degassing on the alloy liquid, in the online degassing process, the rotating speed of a graphite rotor is 480r/min, and the hydrogen content after the online degassing is less than or equal to 0.15ml/100 gAl; the precision of the filter plate of the secondary filtration is 60PPi, and the device adopted by the tertiary filtration is a 22-tube type filtration device;
d. sawing a head and milling a surface: sawing and milling the obtained cast ingot, wherein the length of the saw head is 200mm, the milling amount of the large surface on one side is controlled to be 15mm, the milling amount of the small surface on one side is controlled to be 12mm, and the thickness difference of two sides of the cast ingot is 2 mm;
e. soaking treatment: carrying out soaking treatment on the cast ingot obtained after surface milling;
the specific process of the soaking treatment is as follows: keeping the furnace gas constant temperature at 490 ℃, keeping the temperature of the hearth at 490 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2.5h, changing the furnace gas temperature to 455 ℃ after the heat preservation time is reached, keeping the temperature when the measured metal temperature reaches 455 ℃, keeping the temperature for 5h, keeping the measured metal temperature at 450-460 ℃, keeping the total time in the furnace at 24h, and naturally cooling after discharging;
f. hot rolling: placing the aluminum alloy subjected to soaking treatment to room temperature, then loading the cast ingot into a push type heating furnace for heating treatment, keeping the furnace gas constant temperature at 530 ℃, keeping the metal temperature at 450 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2 hours, keeping the furnace gas constant temperature at 460 ℃, and taking the metal temperature at 455 ℃ out of the furnace for rolling;
the hot rolling adopts a 1+1 hot continuous rolling mill to carry out hot rough rolling, the hot rough rolling is cogging under the condition of 420 ℃, the rough rolling is carried out by 13-pass reversible rolling, the pass distribution is 610 → 580 → 550 → 510 → 470 → 435 → 420 → 385 → 350 → 315 → 280 → 250 → 220 → 200mm, the 12 th pass of rolling is followed by heading and edge rolling, and the finished product is sliced with the thickness of 200 x 1306 7200 mm; the thickness of the rough rolling finished product is 200 mm; the finishing temperature after the hot rough rolling is 360 ℃;
in the hot rough process, an emulsion is adopted for lubrication, and an aluminum alloy plate is obtained after cooling; the pressure of the emulsion is 0.40Mpa, the temperature of the emulsion is 65 ℃, and the mass percent concentration is 5%;
g. quenching: cooling the aluminum alloy plate obtained in the step f to room temperature, and then putting the aluminum alloy plate into a box-type quenching furnace for quenching;
the quenching process comprises the following steps: vertically erecting the quenching plate in the width direction in a material frame, charging the quenching plate into a furnace, setting the furnace gas temperature to be 550 ℃, and keeping the metal temperature to be 530 ℃ for 120 min; then, discharging the steel from the furnace for water quenching, wherein the water temperature of the quenching liquid is 45 ℃, the concentration of the quenching liquid is 6 percent, and the transfer time from discharging to quenching is 11 seconds;
h. aging: and (3) carrying out aging treatment on the quenched plate, keeping the temperature of furnace gas at 200 ℃ for 24h, discharging the plate out of the furnace, and naturally cooling the plate to obtain the ultra-thick aluminum alloy quenching plate.
Example 5:
the preparation method of the ultra-thick aluminum alloy quenching plate in the embodiment 2 of the invention comprises the following detailed steps:
a. smelting: adding raw materials of an aluminum ingot, an additive Al-Cu75 with the Cu content of 75% by mass, a pure magnesium ingot with the purity of 99.98%, an additive Al-Cr75 with the Cr content of 75% by mass, a Zn alloy ingot with the purity of 99.98% and a 5Ti-1B titanium boron wire into a smelting furnace for smelting, controlling the smelting temperature to be 750 ℃ and the smelting time to be 5.0h, and refining at the temperature for 30min (refining operation is carried out by adopting nitrogen-chlorine mixed gas with the volume ratio of 1: 9); after refining, continuously smelting for 1h under the condition that the temperature is kept unchanged, and obtaining alloy liquid after smelting, wherein the obtained alloy liquid meets the component content requirements of each alloy element in the ultra-thick aluminum alloy quenching plate in the embodiment 2;
b. refining: b, feeding the alloy liquid obtained in the step a into a standing furnace for refining, controlling the refining temperature to be 730-740 ℃, and the refining time to be 40min (refining operation is carried out by adopting nitrogen-chlorine mixed gas with the volume ratio of 1: 9); removing floating slag after refining, and standing for 35min to obtain refined alloy liquid;
c. casting: b, introducing the alloy liquid obtained in the step b into a primary filtering device through a standing furnace for filtering, introducing the alloy liquid into an online degassing device for online degassing after primary filtering, and sequentially performing secondary filtering and tertiary filtering after online degassing, wherein the diameter of the aluminum slag removed by filtering is less than or equal to 0.005 mm; casting the alloy liquid obtained after filtering, wherein the casting temperature is 715 ℃, the casting time is 1.5h, the casting water temperature is 30 ℃, and the casting water pressure is 0.7kg/cm2The casting speed is 45mm/min, and the casting water flow is 210m3Obtaining an aluminum alloy cast ingot with the thickness of 640mm and the width of 1330 mm;
the precision of a filter plate of the primary filter device is 50 PPi; during the online degassing, high-purity argon with the purity of 99.999% is adopted to carry out online degassing on the alloy liquid, in the online degassing process, the rotating speed of a graphite rotor is 480r/min, and the hydrogen content after the online degassing is less than or equal to 0.15ml/100 gAl; the precision of the filter plate of the secondary filtration is 60PPi, and the device adopted by the tertiary filtration is a 22-tube type filtration device;
d. sawing a head and milling a surface: sawing and milling the obtained cast ingot, wherein the length of the saw head is 200mm, the milling amount of the large surface on one side is controlled to be 15mm, the milling amount of the small surface on one side is controlled to be 12mm, and the thickness difference of two sides of the cast ingot is 2 mm;
e. soaking treatment: carrying out soaking treatment on the cast ingot obtained after surface milling;
the specific process of the soaking treatment is as follows: keeping the furnace gas constant temperature at 490 ℃, keeping the temperature of the hearth at 490 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2.5h, changing the furnace gas temperature to 455 ℃ after the heat preservation time is reached, keeping the temperature when the measured metal temperature reaches 455 ℃, keeping the temperature for 5h, keeping the measured metal temperature at 450-460 ℃, keeping the total time in the furnace at 24h, and naturally cooling after discharging;
f. hot rolling: placing the aluminum alloy subjected to soaking treatment to room temperature, then loading the cast ingot into a push type heating furnace for heating treatment, keeping the furnace gas constant temperature at 530 ℃, keeping the metal temperature at 450 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2 hours, keeping the furnace gas constant temperature at 460 ℃, and taking the metal temperature at 455 ℃ out of the furnace for rolling;
the hot rolling adopts a 1+1 hot continuous rolling mill to carry out hot rough rolling, the hot rough rolling is cogging under the condition of 425 ℃, the rough rolling adopts 10-pass reversible rolling, the pass distribution is 610 → 590 → 560 → 530 → 495 → 455 → 415 → 385 → 355 → 320 → 300mm, the end cutting and the edge rolling are carried out after the 10 th pass rolling, the thickness of the finished product is sliced, and the specification is 300 x 1306 x 7200 mm; the thickness of the rough rolling finished product is 300 mm; the finishing temperature after the hot rough rolling is 360 ℃;
in the hot rough process, an emulsion is adopted for lubrication, and an aluminum alloy plate is obtained after cooling; the pressure of the emulsion is 0.40Mpa, the temperature of the emulsion is 65 ℃, and the mass percent concentration is 5%;
g. quenching: cooling the aluminum alloy plate obtained in the step f to room temperature, and then putting the aluminum alloy plate into a box-type quenching furnace for quenching;
the quenching process comprises the following steps: vertically arranging the quenching plate in the width direction in a material frame, charging the quenching plate into a furnace, setting the furnace gas temperature to be 560 ℃, setting the metal temperature to be 540 ℃, and preserving the temperature for 180 min; then, discharging the steel from the furnace for water quenching, wherein the water temperature of the quenching liquid is 40 ℃, the concentration of the quenching liquid is 7 percent, and the transfer time from discharging to quenching is 13 seconds;
h. aging: and (3) carrying out aging treatment on the quenched plate, keeping the temperature of furnace gas at 200 ℃ for 24h, discharging the plate out of the furnace, and naturally cooling the plate to obtain the ultra-thick aluminum alloy quenching plate.
Example 6:
the preparation method of the ultra-thick aluminum alloy quenching plate provided by the embodiment 3 of the invention comprises the following detailed steps:
a. smelting: adding raw materials of an aluminum ingot, an additive Al-Cu75 with the Cu content of 75% by mass, a pure magnesium ingot with the purity of 99.98%, an additive Al-Cr75 with the Cr content of 75% by mass, a Zn alloy ingot with the purity of 99.98% and a 5Ti-1B titanium boron wire into a smelting furnace for smelting, controlling the smelting temperature to be 750 ℃ and the smelting time to be 5.0h, and refining at the temperature for 30min (refining operation is carried out by adopting nitrogen-chlorine mixed gas with the volume ratio of 1: 9); after refining, continuously smelting for 1h under the condition that the temperature is kept unchanged, and obtaining alloy liquid after smelting, wherein the obtained alloy liquid meets the component content requirements of each alloy element in the ultra-thick aluminum alloy quenching plate in the embodiment 3;
b. refining: b, feeding the alloy liquid obtained in the step a into a standing furnace for refining, controlling the refining temperature to be 730-740 ℃, and the refining time to be 40min (refining operation is carried out by adopting nitrogen-chlorine mixed gas with the volume ratio of 1: 9); removing floating slag after refining, and standing for 35min to obtain refined alloy liquid;
c. casting: b, introducing the alloy liquid obtained in the step b into a primary filtering device through a standing furnace for filtering, introducing the alloy liquid into an online degassing device for online degassing after primary filtering, and sequentially performing secondary filtering and tertiary filtering after online degassing, wherein the diameter of the aluminum slag removed by filtering is less than or equal to 0.005 mm; casting the alloy liquid obtained after filtering, wherein the casting temperature is 715 ℃, the casting time is 1.5h, the casting water temperature is 30 ℃, and the casting water pressure is 0.7kg/cm2The casting speed is 45mm/min, and the casting water flow is 210m3Obtaining an aluminum alloy cast ingot with the thickness of 640mm and the width of 1330 mm;
the precision of a filter plate of the primary filter device is 50 PPi; during the online degassing, high-purity argon with the purity of 99.999% is adopted to carry out online degassing on the alloy liquid, in the online degassing process, the rotating speed of a graphite rotor is 480r/min, and the hydrogen content after the online degassing is less than or equal to 0.15ml/100 gAl; the precision of the filter plate of the secondary filtration is 60PPi, and the device adopted by the tertiary filtration is a 22-tube type filtration device;
d. sawing a head and milling a surface: sawing and milling the obtained cast ingot, wherein the length of the saw head is 200mm, the milling amount of the large surface on one side is controlled to be 15mm, the milling amount of the small surface on one side is controlled to be 12mm, and the thickness difference of two sides of the cast ingot is 2 mm;
e. soaking treatment: carrying out soaking treatment on the cast ingot obtained after surface milling;
the specific process of the soaking treatment is as follows: keeping the furnace gas constant temperature at 490 ℃, keeping the temperature of the hearth at 490 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2.5h, changing the furnace gas temperature to 455 ℃ after the heat preservation time is reached, keeping the temperature when the measured metal temperature reaches 455 ℃, keeping the temperature for 5h, keeping the measured metal temperature at 450-460 ℃, keeping the total time in the furnace at 24h, and naturally cooling after discharging;
f. hot rolling: placing the aluminum alloy subjected to soaking treatment to room temperature, then loading the cast ingot into a push type heating furnace for heating treatment, keeping the furnace gas constant temperature at 530 ℃, keeping the metal temperature at 450 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2 hours, keeping the furnace gas constant temperature at 460 ℃, and taking the metal temperature at 455 ℃ out of the furnace for rolling;
the hot rolling adopts a 1+1 hot continuous rolling mill to carry out hot rough rolling, the hot rough rolling is cogging at the temperature of 420 ℃, 7 passes of rough rolling can be carried out reversible rolling, the pass distribution is 610 → 590 → 555 → 510 → 480 → 450 → 420 → 400mm, the end cutting and the edge rolling are carried out after the 7 th pass of rolling, the thickness of the finished product is sliced, and the specification is 400 x 1306 x 7200 mm; the thickness of the rough rolling finished product is 400 mm; the finishing temperature after the hot rough rolling is 362 ℃;
in the hot rough process, an emulsion is adopted for lubrication, and an aluminum alloy plate is obtained after cooling; the pressure of the emulsion is 0.35Mpa, the temperature of the emulsion is 65 ℃, and the mass percent concentration is 4.5%;
g. quenching: cooling the aluminum alloy plate obtained in the step f to room temperature, and then putting the aluminum alloy plate into a box-type quenching furnace for quenching;
the quenching process comprises the following steps: vertically erecting the quenching plate in the width direction in a material frame, charging the quenching plate into a furnace, setting the furnace gas temperature to 555 ℃, setting the metal temperature to 535 ℃, and preserving the temperature for 240 min; then, the steel plate is taken out of the furnace for water quenching, the temperature of the quenching liquid is 50 ℃, the concentration of the quenching liquid is 8 percent, and the transfer time from the discharging to the quenching is 12 seconds;
h. aging: and (3) carrying out aging treatment on the quenched plate, keeping the temperature of furnace gas at 200 ℃ for 24h, discharging the plate out of the furnace, and naturally cooling the plate to obtain the ultra-thick aluminum alloy quenching plate.
The relevant performance detection data of the product prepared by the embodiment of the invention are detailed in table 1.
TABLE 1 relevant Performance test data for products prepared in accordance with the examples of the present invention
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an ultra-thick aluminum alloy quenching plate which characterized in that: the ultra-thick aluminum alloy quenching plate comprises, by mass, not more than 0.25% of each alloy element and not more than 0.25% of each alloy element, not more than 0.3% of Fe, 0.23-0.28% of Cu, not more than 0.1% of Mn, 1.0-1.15% of Mg, 0.19-0.23% of Cr, not more than 0.01% of Zn, 0.02-0.03% of Ti, and the balance of Al.
2. The preparation method of the ultra-thick aluminum alloy quenching plate is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. smelting: adding raw materials of an aluminum ingot, an additive Al-Cu75 with the Cu content of 75% by mass, a pure magnesium ingot with the purity of 99.98%, an additive Al-Cr75 with the Cr content of 75% by mass, a Zn alloy ingot with the purity of 99.98% and a 5Ti-1B titanium boron wire into a smelting furnace for smelting, controlling the smelting temperature to be 720-760 ℃ and the smelting time to be 4.5-5.5 h, refining under the temperature condition after smelting, continuously smelting for 0.5-1 h under the condition that the temperature is kept unchanged after refining, and obtaining alloy liquid after smelting, wherein the obtained alloy liquid meets the component content requirements of each alloy element in the ultra-thick aluminum alloy quenching plate of claim 1;
b. refining: b, feeding the alloy liquid obtained in the step a into a standing furnace for refining, removing floating slag after refining is completed, and standing for 20-40 min to obtain refined alloy liquid;
c. casting: b, introducing the alloy liquid obtained in the step b into a primary filtering device through a standing furnace for filtering, introducing the alloy liquid into an online degassing device for online degassing after primary filtering, and sequentially performing secondary filtering and tertiary filtering after online degassing, wherein the diameter of the aluminum slag removed by filtering is less than or equal to 0.005 mm; casting the alloy liquid obtained after filtering to obtain a cast ingot;
d. sawing a head and milling a surface: sawing and milling the obtained cast ingot, wherein the length of the saw head is 200mm, the milling amount of the large surface on one side is controlled to be more than or equal to 12mm, the milling amount of the small surface on one side is controlled to be more than or equal to 10mm, and the thickness difference of two sides of the cast ingot is less than or equal to 3 mm;
e. soaking treatment: carrying out soaking treatment on the cast ingot obtained after surface milling;
the specific process of the soaking treatment is as follows: keeping the furnace gas constant temperature at 490 ℃, keeping the temperature of the hearth at 490 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2.5h, changing the furnace gas temperature to 455 ℃ after the heat preservation time is up, keeping the temperature when the measured metal temperature reaches 455 ℃, keeping the temperature for 5h, keeping the measured metal temperature stable at 450-460 ℃, keeping the total time in the furnace at 20-26 h, and naturally cooling after discharging;
f. hot rolling: placing the aluminum alloy subjected to soaking treatment to room temperature, and then heating the cast ingot; carrying out hot rough rolling after heating treatment, lubricating by using emulsion in the hot rough rolling process, and cooling to obtain an aluminum alloy plate;
g. quenching: cooling the aluminum alloy plate obtained in the step f to room temperature, and then putting the aluminum alloy plate into a box-type quenching furnace for quenching;
h. aging: and (4) carrying out aging treatment on the quenched plate to obtain the ultra-thick aluminum alloy quenched plate.
3. The method for preparing an ultra-thick aluminum alloy quenched sheet according to claim 2, characterized in that: in the step a, refining is carried out by adopting a volume ratio of 1: 9, refining the nitrogen-chlorine mixed gas; the refining time is 25-35 min.
4. The method for preparing an ultra-thick aluminum alloy quenched sheet according to claim 2, characterized in that: and b, refining in the step b by adopting a volume ratio of 1: 9, refining the nitrogen-chlorine mixed gas; in the refining process, the refining temperature is controlled to be 720-750 ℃, and the refining time is 30-50 min.
5. The method for preparing an ultra-thick aluminum alloy quenched sheet according to claim 2, characterized in that: and c, controlling the casting temperature to be 695-715 ℃ and the casting time to be 1.5-2.0 h in the casting process.
6. The method for preparing an ultra-thick aluminum alloy quenched sheet according to claim 2, characterized in that: c, the precision of a filter plate of the primary filter device is 50 PPi; during the online degassing, high-purity argon with the purity of 99.999% is adopted to carry out online degassing on the alloy liquid, the rotating speed of the graphite rotor is more than or equal to 450r/min during the online degassing, and the hydrogen content after the online degassing is less than or equal to 0.15ml/100 gAl; the precision of the filter plate of the secondary filtration is 60PPi, and the device adopted by the tertiary filtration is a 22-tube tubular filtration device.
7. The method for preparing the ultra-thick aluminum alloy quenching plate as claimed in claim 2, wherein the step f is carried out by heating with a pusher-type heating furnace, and during the heating process: and keeping the temperature of furnace gas at 530 ℃, keeping the metal temperature at 430-450 ℃, keeping the temperature for 1-3 hours, changing the temperature of the furnace gas to 460 ℃, discharging the furnace when the metal temperature reaches 440-460 ℃ and carrying out hot rolling.
8. The method for preparing the ultra-thick aluminum alloy quenching plate as claimed in claim 2, wherein the hot rolling in the step f is carried out by hot rough rolling by a 1+1 hot continuous rolling mill, the hot rough rolling is cogging at 415-425 ℃, the rough rolling is carried out by 6-13 reversible rolling passes, the rolling thickness of each pass is 15-50 mm, and the thickness of the rough rolling finished product is 200-500 mm; the final rolling temperature after the hot rough rolling is 350-380 ℃;
the hot rough rolling emulsion has the pressure of 0.35-0.45 Mpa, the temperature of the emulsion of 60-67 ℃ and the mass percentage concentration of 4.0-5.0%.
9. The method for preparing the ultra-thick aluminum alloy quenching plate as claimed in claim 2, wherein the quenching in the step g comprises the following specific processes: vertically erecting the quenching plate in the width direction in a material frame, charging the quenching plate into a furnace, setting the furnace gas temperature to be 540-560 ℃, and keeping the metal temperature to be 520-540 ℃ for 120-240 min; and then discharging from the furnace for water quenching, wherein the temperature of the quenching liquid is 40-50 ℃, the concentration of the quenching liquid is 6-8%, and the transfer time from discharging to quenching is 10-15 seconds.
10. The method for preparing the ultra-thick aluminum alloy quenching plate as claimed in claim 2, wherein the aging schedule in the step h is as follows: keeping the temperature of the furnace gas at 200 ℃ for 24h, discharging the furnace and air cooling.
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