CN114393164A - Forging die for double-blind-hole shuttle-shaped fan shaft and integrated extrusion near-net forming process - Google Patents
Forging die for double-blind-hole shuttle-shaped fan shaft and integrated extrusion near-net forming process Download PDFInfo
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- CN114393164A CN114393164A CN202111510872.9A CN202111510872A CN114393164A CN 114393164 A CN114393164 A CN 114393164A CN 202111510872 A CN202111510872 A CN 202111510872A CN 114393164 A CN114393164 A CN 114393164A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
- B21J13/02—Dies or mountings therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
- B21J5/10—Piercing billets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K1/00—Making machine elements
- B21K1/06—Making machine elements axles or shafts
- B21K1/063—Making machine elements axles or shafts hollow
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a nearly net shaping technology of double-blind hole fusiformis fan shaft forging mould and integration extrusion, including unable adjustment base, the last lower mould that is provided with of unable adjustment base, be formed with the fusiformis cavity in the lower mould, sliding connection has the concora crush to go up the mould or forges the mould in the fusiformis cavity, the bottom of fusiformis cavity is provided with first blind hole and forges the portion, it includes second blind hole and forges the portion to forge the mould. The beneficial effect of this application does: the forging and pressing die is simple in structure, the flat pressing upper die and the first blind hole forging portion are conveniently used for forging the first blind hole after the bar blank is integrally heated once, then the forging upper die is replaced, and the second blind hole is forged by the aid of the forging upper die and the second blind hole forging portion. The process method is simple and easy to implement, the forging is deformed fully and uniformly, the formed forging has the characteristics of uniform and fine structure, complete streamline and following shape, near-net forming of the inner surface and the outer surface and the like, and the uniformity of the integral structure of the fan shaft forging can be obviously improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of engine fan shafts, in particular to a forging die for a double-blind-hole shuttle-shaped fan shaft and an integrated extrusion near-net forming process.
Background
The fan shaft of the aviation turbofan engine bears huge torque load when in work, the power of a turbine is transmitted to the fan to drive the large-size fan to rotate and generate thrust, the design development of the fan shaft of the existing aviation turbofan engine is fast, and the fan shaft of the traditional engine is mostly designed into a gradually-changed drum-shaped structure; the novel fan shaft is a bottle-shaped structure with a closed structure, and has the characteristics that the inner diameter is unequal, the inner section and the outer section are variable, a boss is arranged at the end opening of the outer wall, a boss is arranged in the middle of the inner wall, and the like.
Before the process, fan shaft forgings are usually formed by adopting a combined die forging process mode, the combined die forging process adopts solid forging, a rod part free drawing-out process and a die forging forming head part are respectively carried out, and the process is simple, low in equipment requirement and easy to operate.
However, the inventors found that the following problems exist: the forging deformation of the forge piece is small, the strain distribution is uneven, local empty burning exists in multi-fire heating, the tissue uniformity is poor, the forge piece processing cuts off a deformed tissue streamline, and the material utilization rate is low.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the deformation of each part of the fan shaft and the integral deformation uniformity, the application provides a forging die of a double-blind-hole shuttle-shaped fan shaft and an integrated extrusion near-net forming process.
First aspect, the application provides a forging mould of double blind hole fusiform fan axle adopts following technical scheme:
double blind hole fusiform fan axle forges mould, including unable adjustment base, unable adjustment base is last to be provided with the lower mould, be formed with the fusiform cavity in the lower mould, sliding connection has flat pressing to go up the mould or forges the mould in the fusiform cavity, the bottom of fusiform cavity is provided with first blind hole and forges the portion, forge and go up the mould and include second blind hole and forge the portion.
By adopting the technical scheme: through above-mentioned mould, can utilize flat pressing to go up mould and first blind hole forging portion earlier and carry out the forging of first blind hole after the once bulk heating of bar base, then flat pressing mould changes to forging the mould, utilizes the second blind hole forging portion of forging the mould to forge the second blind hole, and the double blind hole fusiformis fan shaft after forging has interior outer wall double boss streamline along with the shape, and the tissue refines, and the performance is even, satisfies the requirement of fan shaft long term reliability to tissue, performance and streamline.
Optionally, the first blind hole forging part comprises a connecting part fixedly connected with the bottom end of the lower die, a first blind hole rod is fixed at the upper end of the connecting part, the connecting part and the first blind hole rod are arranged in the shuttle-shaped cavity, and the flat pressing upper die is detachably connected with the power output end of the forging press.
By adopting the technical scheme: after the heated bar blank is clamped into the shuttle-shaped cavity, the flat pressing upper die moves downwards to press the bar blank downwards, the first blind hole rod is inserted into the bar blank, and a first blind hole can be formed after the die is removed.
Optionally, the second blind hole forging part comprises an end face forging pressing block and a second blind hole rod, the middle of the second blind hole rod penetrates through the end face forging pressing block and is in sliding connection with the end face forging pressing block, the peripheral face of the end face forging pressing block is in sliding connection with the inner wall of the fusiform cavity, the upper end of the second blind hole rod is fixedly connected onto the connecting seat, and the connecting seat can be detachably connected to a power output end of the forging press.
By adopting the technical scheme: after the first blind hole is forged, the upper die is flatly pressed to return to the initial position, the upper die for forging is replaced, the upper die for forging is pressed downwards, the second blind hole rod is downwards inserted into the bar blank from the upper part of the bar blank, and the second blind hole is formed after the die is removed; when the second blind hole rod is downwards inserted into the bar blank, the end face forging pressing block guides the second blind hole rod, the deformation of the second blind hole rod during extrusion of the bar blank is reduced, and the probability that the second busy rod hole is clamped in the bar blank is further reduced.
Optionally, a reducing portion is arranged at the lower portion of the shuttle-shaped cavity, the reducing portion includes an annular block fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the shuttle-shaped cavity, and the outer peripheral side of the connecting portion is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the annular block.
By adopting the technical scheme: by providing the reduced diameter portion, the part of the bar stock with the reduced diameter is formed in the process of pressing the bar stock down by the flat pressing upper die, and the basic shape required by the fan shaft is formed.
Optionally, a special-shaped forging part is fixedly connected in the fusiform cavity, and the special-shaped forging part is fixedly connected with the upper side of the diameter reducing part.
By adopting the technical scheme: in the process of pressing the bar blank by the flat pressing upper die, a special-shaped surface is formed to form the basic shape required by the fan shaft.
Optionally, dysmorphism portion of forging includes integrated into one piece's reducing forging and protruding forging, the internal diameter of protruding forging is greater than the internal diameter of undergauge portion, the reducing forging is gradually big to the distal end by the one end that is close to protruding forging.
By adopting the technical scheme: through setting up reducing forging and protruding forging and can form the required basic shape of fan axle with protruding ring part in-process of mould pushing down the stick base on the concora crush, form the diameter expansion part.
Optionally, an outer end face forging part is arranged on the periphery of the lower side face of the end face forging block.
By adopting the technical scheme: the outer end face shape of the fan shaft can be formed by arranging the outer end face forging part, the end part shape of the fan shaft is formed, and the subsequent processing time and cost are saved.
In a second aspect, the double-blind-hole fusiform fan shaft integrated bidirectional extrusion near-net-shape forming process provided by the application comprises the step of forging the first blind hole and the second blind hole by using the forging die.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
s1, heating the bar blank to the initial extrusion temperature and preheating the die;
s2, after the heated bar blank is discharged from the furnace, performing surface roller coating on the glass lubricant on an operation table, transferring the bar blank into a shuttle-shaped cavity of a die by a manipulator, moving a flat pressing upper die downwards to extrude the bar blank, and forming a first blind hole on the bar blank under the action of a first blind hole forging part;
and S3, returning the flat pressing upper die to the initial position, replacing the flat pressing upper die with a forging upper die, moving the forging upper die downwards, and forming a second blind hole by the bar blank under the action of the second blind hole forging part.
By adopting the technical scheme: by adopting the processing method, the integral forming can be realized by respectively adopting forward extrusion and backward extrusion in two steps of heating once and two-way combined extrusion. According to the extrusion forming method of the fan shaft forging, the deformation is sufficient and uniform, the formed forging has the characteristics of uniform and fine structure, complete streamline and conformal, near-net forming of the inner surface and the outer surface and the like, the uniformity of the whole structure of the fan shaft forging can be obviously improved, the rotation fatigue performance of the fan shaft part is improved, the forging state average grain size of the forging is more than or equal to 6 grades, and the strength fluctuation is within 1.5%.
In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
the forging and pressing die is simple in structure, the flat pressing upper die and the first blind hole forging portion are conveniently used for forging the first blind hole after the bar blank is integrally heated once, then the forging upper die is replaced, and the second blind hole is forged by the aid of the forging upper die and the second blind hole forging portion.
The process method is simple and easy to implement, the deformation of the forged piece is sufficient and uniform, the formed forged piece has the characteristics of uniform and fine structure, complete streamline and conformal, near-net forming of the inner surface and the outer surface and the like, the uniformity of the whole structure of the fan shaft forged piece can be obviously improved, the rotating fatigue performance of the fan shaft part is improved, the forged average grain size of the forged piece is more than or equal to 6 grades, and the strength fluctuation is within 1.5%.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a fan shaft according to an embodiment of the present application.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a forging die for forging a first blind hole according to an embodiment of the present application.
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view illustrating a forging die forging a second blind hole according to an embodiment of the present application.
Reference number, 100, first blind hole; 200. a second blind hole; 300. a fixed base; 400. a lower die; 410. a shuttle-shaped cavity; 420. flatly pressing the upper die; 430. forging an upper die; 500. a first blind hole forging portion; 510. a connecting portion; 520. a first blind hole shaft; 600. a second blind hole forged portion; 610. forging and pressing the end face; 611. the outer end face is forged; 620. a second blind hole shaft; 630. a connecting seat; 700. a diameter reducing portion; 710. a ring block; 800. a special-shaped forging part; 810. a reducing forging; 820. a raised forging.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-3.
The embodiment of the application discloses a forging die for a double-blind-hole fusiform fan shaft and an integrated extrusion near-net forming process.
Referring to fig. 1, a basic structure of a spindle fan shaft is first described, which includes a body having a first blind hole 100 at one end and a second blind hole 200 at the other end.
The first aspect discloses a forging mould of double-blind-hole spindle-shaped fan shaft, which adopts the following technical scheme:
referring to fig. 2 and 3, double blind hole fusiform fan shaft forges mould, including unable adjustment base 300, unable adjustment base 300 is for being used for fixed lower mould 400, wherein be formed with fusiform cavity 410 in the lower mould 400, fusiform cavity 410 can forge the basic form of fan shaft, sliding connection has flat pressing to go up mould 420 or forges last mould 430 in fusiform cavity 410, when forging first blind hole 100, it adopts flat pressing to go up mould 420 to go up the mould, when forging second blind hole 200, it adopts and forges last mould 430 to go up the mould, the bottom of fusiform cavity 410 is provided with first blind hole forging portion 500, it includes second blind hole forging portion 600 to forge last mould 430, first blind hole forging portion 500 is used for forging first blind hole 100, second blind hole forging portion 600 is used for forging second blind hole 200, the concrete process is as follows:
after the bar billet is integrally heated once, the downward movement of the flat pressing upper die 420 and the first blind hole forging part 500 are firstly utilized to be matched and forged into a first blind hole 100, then the forging upper die 430 is replaced, the downward movement of the forging upper die 430 is utilized to forge a second blind hole of the upper die 430, the forging part 600 is used for forging a second blind hole 200, then the die is removed to form a shuttle-shaped fan shaft, the forged double-blind hole shuttle-shaped fan shaft has the inner wall and outer wall double boss streamline shape, the structure is refined, the performance is uniform, and the requirements of the long-term reliability of the fan shaft on the structure, the performance and the streamline are met.
Referring to fig. 2, in order to forge the first blind hole 100, in this embodiment, the first blind hole forging part 500 includes a connecting portion 510 fixedly connected to the bottom end of the lower die 400, a first blind hole rod 520 is fixed to the upper end of the connecting portion 510, the connecting portion 510 and the first blind hole rod 520 are both disposed in the shuttle-shaped cavity 410, after the heated billet is clamped in the shuttle-shaped cavity 410, the flat pressing upper die 420 moves downward to press down the billet, the first blind hole rod 520 is inserted into the billet, the first blind hole 100 is formed after the die is removed, and the flat pressing upper die 420 is detachably connected to a power output end of the forging press and is used for providing a downward forging power for the flat pressing upper die 420.
Referring to fig. 3, in order to forge the second blind hole 200, the second blind hole forging portion 600 of the present embodiment includes an end forging press block 610 and a second blind hole rod 620, and the middle portion of the second blind hole rod 620 is inserted into the end forging press block 610 and slidably connected to the end forging press block 610; when the second blind hole rod is downwards inserted into the bar blank, the end face forging pressing block guides the second blind hole rod, the deformation of the second blind hole rod during extrusion of the bar blank is reduced, and the probability that the second busy rod hole is clamped in the bar blank is further reduced. The circumferential surface of the end face forging pressing block 610 is in sliding connection with the inner side wall of the shuttle-shaped cavity 410, the upper end of the second blind hole rod 620 is fixedly connected to the connecting seat 630, after the first blind hole 100 is forged, the flat pressing upper die 420 returns to the initial position, the forging upper die 430 is replaced, the forging upper die 430 is pressed downwards, the second blind hole rod 620 is downwards inserted into the bar blank from the upper part of the bar blank, and the second blind hole 200 is formed after the die is removed. Connecting seat 630 can dismantle the connection and at the power take off end of forging press, for forging lower mould 400 provides the power of pushing down the forging.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, in order to meet the shape requirement of the fan shaft, a reduced diameter portion 700 is provided at the lower portion of the shuttle cavity 410, and in the process of pressing the bar blank by the flat pressing upper die 420, the reduced diameter portion is formed to the bar blank to form the basic shape required by the fan shaft, specifically, the reduced diameter portion 700 includes an annular block 710 fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the shuttle cavity 410, and the outer peripheral side of the connecting portion 510 is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the annular block 710.
In order to meet the special-shaped requirement of the fan shaft, a special-shaped forging part 800 is fixedly connected in the shuttle-shaped cavity 410, and the special-shaped forging part 800 is fixedly connected with the upper side of the reducing part 700. In the process of pressing the bar blank down on the flat pressing upper die 420, a special-shaped surface is formed to form a basic shape required by the fan shaft, so that subsequent processing is omitted, and labor and time cost are saved.
Specifically, the special-shaped forging part 800 in this embodiment includes the reducing forging 810 and the protruding forging 820 that are integrally formed, the inner diameter of the protruding forging 820 is greater than the inner diameter of the reducing part 700, and the reducing forging 810 is gradually enlarged from one end close to the protruding forging 820 to the distal end. By arranging the reducing forging 810 and the convex forging 820, a diameter expanding part and a convex ring part can be formed in the process of pressing the bar blank by the flat pressing upper die 420, and the basic shape required by the fan shaft is formed. Further, an outer end surface pressing portion 611 is provided on the lower side surface peripheral side of the end surface pressing block 610. The outer end surface forging part 611 can form the outer end surface shape of the fan shaft to form the end part shape of the fan shaft, so that the subsequent processing time and cost are saved.
In a second aspect, the embodiment discloses a double-blind-hole shuttle-shaped fan shaft integrated bidirectional extrusion near-net-shape forming process, which includes the step of forging the first blind hole 100 and the second blind hole 200 by using the forging die.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
s1, heating the bar blank to the initial extrusion temperature and preheating the die;
s2, after the heated bar blank is discharged from the furnace, performing surface roller coating on the glass lubricant on an operation platform, transferring the bar blank into a shuttle-shaped cavity 410 of a die by a manipulator, moving an upper platen 420 downwards to extrude the bar blank, and forming a first blind hole 100 on the bar blank under the action of a first blind hole forging part 500;
s3, the upper flat pressing die 420 returns to the initial position, the upper forging die 430 is replaced, the upper forging die 430 moves downward, and the second blind hole 200 is formed in the bar blank by the second blind hole forging portion 600.
By adopting the processing method, the integral forming can be realized by respectively adopting forward extrusion and backward extrusion in two steps of heating once and two-way combined extrusion. According to the extrusion forming method of the fan shaft forging, the deformation is sufficient and uniform, the formed forging has the characteristics of uniform and fine structure, complete streamline and conformal, near-net forming of the inner surface and the outer surface and the like, the uniformity of the whole structure of the fan shaft forging can be obviously improved, the rotation fatigue performance of the fan shaft part is improved, the forging state average grain size of the forging is more than or equal to 6 grades, and the strength fluctuation is within 1.5%.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. Double blind hole fusiform fan axle forges mould, its characterized in that: the stamping die comprises a fixing base (300), wherein a lower die (400) is arranged on the fixing base (300), a shuttle-shaped cavity (410) is formed in the lower die (400), a flat pressing upper die (420) or a forging upper die (430) is connected in the shuttle-shaped cavity (410) in a sliding mode, a first blind hole forging portion (500) is arranged at the bottom of the shuttle-shaped cavity (410), and the forging upper die (430) comprises a second blind hole forging portion (600).
2. The double-blind-hole shuttle fan shaft forging die as recited in claim 1, wherein: the first blind hole forging part (500) comprises a connecting part (510) fixedly connected with the bottom end of a lower die (400), a first blind hole rod (520) is fixed to the upper end of the connecting part (510), the connecting part (510) and the first blind hole rod (520) are arranged in a shuttle-shaped cavity (410), and the flat pressing upper die (420) is detachably connected to the power output end of a forging press.
3. The double-blind-hole shuttle fan shaft forging die as recited in claim 1, wherein: second blind hole forges portion (600) including end face forging briquetting (610) and second blind hole pole (620), second blind hole pole (620) middle part is worn to establish in end face forging briquetting (610) and is forged briquetting (610) sliding connection with the end face, the global and fusiformis cavity (410) inside wall sliding connection of end face forging briquetting (610), second blind hole pole (620) upper end fixed connection is on connecting seat (630), the power take off end at the forging press can be dismantled in connecting seat (630).
4. The double-blind-hole shuttle fan shaft forging die as recited in claim 2, wherein: the lower part of fusiform cavity (410) is provided with reducing portion (700), reducing portion (700) is including fixed connection at annular block (710) of fusiform cavity (410) inside wall, the periphery side of connecting portion (510) and the inside wall fixed connection of annular block (710).
5. The double-blind-hole shuttle fan shaft forging die as recited in claim 4, wherein: still fixedly connected with dysmorphism forging portion (800) in fusiformis cavity (410), dysmorphism forging portion (800) and the upside fixed connection of undergauge portion (700).
6. The double-blind-hole shuttle fan shaft forging die as recited in claim 5, wherein: dysmorphism forges portion (800) including integrated into one piece's reducing forging (810) and protruding forging (820), the internal diameter of protruding forging (820) is greater than the internal diameter of undergauge portion (700), reducing forging (810) is gradually big to the distal end by the one end that is close to protruding forging (820).
7. The double-blind-hole shuttle fan shaft forging die as recited in claim 3, wherein: and an outer end face forging part (611) is arranged on the periphery of the lower side face of the end face forging block (610).
8. The double-blind-hole shuttle-shaped fan shaft integrated bidirectional extrusion near-net-shape forming process is characterized by comprising the step of forging the first blind hole (100) and the second blind hole (200) by using the forging die as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. The integrated bidirectional extrusion near-net-shape forming process of the double blind hole shuttle fan shaft according to claim 8, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, heating the bar blank to the initial extrusion temperature and preheating the die;
s2, after the heated bar blank is discharged from the furnace, performing surface roller coating on the glass lubricant on an operation platform, transferring the bar blank into a shuttle-shaped cavity (410) of a die by a manipulator, moving an upper flat pressing die (420) downwards to extrude the bar blank, and forming a first blind hole (100) on the bar blank under the action of a first blind hole forging part (500);
and S3, returning the flat pressing upper die (420) to the initial position, replacing the flat pressing upper die (420) with a forging upper die (430), moving the forging upper die (430) downwards, and forming the second blind hole (200) by the bar blank under the action of the second blind hole forging part (600).
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| CN202111510872.9A CN114393164B (en) | 2021-12-10 | 2021-12-10 | Forging die for double blind hole fusiform fan shaft and integral extrusion near net forming process |
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| CN202111510872.9A CN114393164B (en) | 2021-12-10 | 2021-12-10 | Forging die for double blind hole fusiform fan shaft and integral extrusion near net forming process |
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| US20210346941A1 (en) * | 2019-06-18 | 2021-11-11 | Changshu Synergy Automobile Parts Co., Ltd | Novel hollow shaft manufacturing method |
| CN211304634U (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-08-21 | 江苏太平洋精锻科技股份有限公司 | Die for preparing pre-forged piece with outer circle groove aluminum shell |
| CN111014554A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-04-17 | 江苏理研科技股份有限公司 | Forging process and forging die for deep hole shaft head |
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| CN114393164B (en) | 2023-08-01 |
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Address after: 201100 No. 3998, Lianhua South Road, Minhang District, Shanghai Applicant after: AECC COMMERCIAL AIRCRAFT ENGINE Co.,Ltd. Applicant after: General Iron and Steel Research Institute Co.,Ltd. Address before: 201100 No. 3998, Lianhua South Road, Minhang District, Shanghai Applicant before: AECC COMMERCIAL AIRCRAFT ENGINE Co.,Ltd. Applicant before: CENTRAL IRON AND STEEL Research Institute |
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