CN114390099A - Content distribution method and edge server - Google Patents
Content distribution method and edge server Download PDFInfo
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- CN114390099A CN114390099A CN202210031588.1A CN202210031588A CN114390099A CN 114390099 A CN114390099 A CN 114390099A CN 202210031588 A CN202210031588 A CN 202210031588A CN 114390099 A CN114390099 A CN 114390099A
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Abstract
The application discloses a content distribution method and an edge server, and belongs to the technical field of data processing. The method comprises the following steps: receiving a content acquisition request sent by a terminal; under the condition that the first content is not stored and the residual storage space is not enough to store the first content, selecting and deleting second content from the stored content of the edge server; acquiring and storing first content through a central server; the first content is transmitted to the terminal. According to the method, under the condition that a terminal requests to acquire first content, an edge server does not store the first content and the residual storage space is insufficient, second content which is lower in interestingness, larger in occupied storage space or less in average access frequency compared with the first content is selected, the second content is deleted, the first content is acquired from a central server and stored, and the first content is sent to the terminal, so that the storage content of the edge server is optimized, and the customer perception of a hot spot area or hot spot time can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of data processing technologies, and in particular, to a content distribution method and an edge server.
Background
The content distribution acceleration technology is a technical means for reducing the congestion of a backbone network, reducing the content acquisition delay and improving the customer perception degree by deploying content resources close to a user side. The rapid development of 5th Generation Mobile Communication Technology (5G) network edge computing Technology provides a storage environment for content distribution acceleration. In the related art, the content distribution acceleration method based on 5G edge computing usually focuses on optimizing a content caching algorithm, and improves customer perception by caching content resources interested by a user as much as possible on the edge side. However, because the storage space of the edge side is limited, the optimization degree is correspondingly limited, and the customer perception of the hot spot region or the hot spot time cannot be effectively improved by simply optimizing the content caching algorithm.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the content distribution method and the edge server are provided to solve the problems that the content optimization degree is limited due to limited storage space at the edge side, and the customer perception of a hot spot region or hot spot time cannot be effectively improved only by optimizing a content caching algorithm.
In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present application provides a content distribution method, applicable to an edge server, the method including:
receiving a content acquisition request sent by a terminal, wherein the content acquisition request is used for requesting the edge server to send first content to the terminal;
selecting and deleting second content from the stored content of the edge server under the condition that the first content is not stored and the residual storage space is not enough to store the first content; wherein the remaining storage space is an unoccupied space in the edge server for storing content;
acquiring and storing the first content through a central server;
transmitting the first content to the terminal.
Further, after receiving a content acquisition request sent by the terminal, before selecting and deleting a second content from the stored contents of the edge server when it is determined that the first content is not stored and the remaining storage space is not enough to store the first content, the method further includes:
determining whether the first content is included in the stored content;
determining the remaining storage space and a first storage space required for the first content, in the case where it is determined that the first content is not included in the stored content;
comparing the residual storage space with the first storage space to obtain a comparison result;
wherein the comparison result is used for characterizing whether the remaining storage space is enough to store the first content.
Further, the content acquisition request includes target version information;
after the determining whether the first content is included in the stored content, further comprising:
acquiring version information of the first content in the case that the stored content is determined to include the first content;
determining whether version information of the first content is consistent with the target version information;
and transmitting the first content to the terminal under the condition that the version information of the first content is determined to be consistent with the target version information.
Further, after the comparing the remaining storage space with the first storage space and obtaining the comparison result, the method further includes:
acquiring and storing the first content through the central server under the condition that the comparison result is that the residual storage space is enough to store the first content;
transmitting the first content to the terminal.
Further, the selecting and deleting the second content from the stored content of the edge server includes:
determining the interestingness of the first content and the interestingness of each stored content, wherein the interestingness is used for representing the interestingness of the user in the content;
determining a second storage space occupied by each of the stored contents;
calculating a ratio of a first storage space to the interestingness of the first content to obtain a first ratio corresponding to the first content, wherein the first storage space is a storage space required by the first content;
calculating the ratio of the interest degrees of the second storage space and the corresponding stored content to obtain a second ratio corresponding to each stored content;
selecting the stored content with the second ratio larger than the first ratio as alternative second content;
and selecting the second content from the alternative second contents, and deleting the second content.
Further, the selecting and deleting the second content from the stored content of the edge server includes:
determining the interestingness of the first content and the interestingness of each stored content;
selecting third content from the stored contents according to the interestingness of the first content and the interestingness of each stored content, wherein the interestingness of the third content is smaller than that of the first content;
determining a third storage space occupied by the third content;
selecting the third content with the third storage space larger than or equal to a first storage space as an alternative second content, wherein the first storage space is a storage space required by the first content;
and selecting the second content from the alternative second contents, and deleting the second content.
Further, the selecting and deleting the second content from the stored content of the edge server includes:
determining the interestingness of the first content and the interestingness of each stored content;
acquiring the access times of the first content and the access times of each stored content;
calculating the ratio of the access times of the first content to the interest degree, and obtaining a third ratio corresponding to the first content;
calculating the ratio of the access times of each stored content to the interest degree, and obtaining a fourth ratio corresponding to each stored content;
selecting the stored content with the fourth ratio smaller than the third ratio as a second candidate content;
and selecting the second content from the alternative second contents, and deleting the second content.
Further, the interestingness comprises the number of visiting users;
the determining the interestingness of the first content and the interestingness of each of the stored contents comprises:
respectively determining the number of the access users of the first content and the number of the access users of each stored content through a preset interestingness acquisition model;
wherein the interestingness acquisition model is a model established based on the content distribution network and the warehouse model for determining the number of accessing users of the content.
Further, after receiving the content acquisition request sent by the terminal, the method further includes:
sending a content delivery request to the central server if it is determined that the first content is not stored, the remaining storage space is insufficient to store the first content, and the second content is not selected from the stored content;
wherein the content delivery request is used for requesting the central server to deliver the first content to the terminal.
In order to achieve the above object, a second aspect of the present application provides an edge server, including:
the terminal comprises a receiving module, a sending module and a receiving module, wherein the receiving module is configured to receive a content obtaining request sent by a terminal, and the content obtaining request is used for requesting an edge server to send first content to the terminal;
a processing module configured to select and delete a second content from the stored contents of the edge server if it is determined that the first content is not stored and the remaining storage space is insufficient to store the first content; wherein the remaining storage space is an unoccupied space in the edge server for storing content;
a storage module configured to acquire and store the first content through a central server;
a transmitting module configured to transmit the first content to the terminal.
This application has following advantage:
the content distribution method and the edge server receive a content acquisition request sent by a terminal; under the condition that the first content is not stored and the residual storage space is not enough to store the first content, selecting and deleting second content from the stored content of the edge server; acquiring and storing first content through a central server; the first content is transmitted to the terminal. According to the method, under the condition that a terminal requests to acquire first content, an edge server does not store the first content and the residual storage space is insufficient, second content which is lower in interestingness, larger in occupied storage space or less in average access frequency compared with the first content is selected, the second content is deleted, the first content is acquired from a central server and stored, and the first content is sent to the terminal, so that the storage content of the edge server is optimized, and the customer perception of a hot spot area or hot spot time can be improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the application and not to limit the application.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a content distribution method according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a content distribution method according to another embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of a content distribution method according to still another embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of a content distribution method according to another embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an interestingness obtaining model provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a block diagram illustrating an edge server according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 7 is a block diagram illustrating components of a content distribution system according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a flow chart of a method for content distribution provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
fig. 9 is a block diagram of an electronic device for implementing a content distribution method according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present application will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present application, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, and are not intended to limit the present application.
A Content Delivery Network (CDN) is a novel Network Content service system, which is constructed based on an Internet Protocol (IP) Network and provides Content Delivery and service according to efficiency requirements, quality requirements, and Content order of Content access and application. In a broad sense, the CDN represents a network application service model with high quality, high efficiency and clear network order built based on a network.
In the related art, various optimization algorithms are proposed for improving the content distribution speed, and most of the optimization algorithms can only perform static optimization on the premise that the storage space is limited, so that the storage space becomes a main bottleneck. However, if CDN optimization is performed only through an optimization algorithm, only the number of resources that can be stored by the edge node can be increased, and the customer perception of the hotspot region or the hotspot time cannot be effectively improved.
Based on this, an embodiment of the present application provides a content distribution method and an edge server, where when a terminal requests to obtain a first content, and the edge server does not store the first content and has insufficient remaining storage space, a second content with lower interest degree, larger occupied storage space, or smaller average access times than the first content is selected, the second content is deleted, the first content is obtained and stored from a central server, and the first content is sent to the terminal, so that the storage content of the edge server is optimized, and the customer perception of a hot spot area or a hot spot time can be improved.
A first aspect of the present application provides a content distribution method. Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a content distribution method according to an embodiment of the present application, where the method is applicable to an edge server. As shown in fig. 1, the content distribution method includes the steps of:
step S110, receiving a content acquisition request sent by the terminal.
The content obtaining request is used for requesting the edge server to send the first content to the terminal.
In some embodiments, when the user has a need to obtain the first content, a content obtaining request is sent to the edge server through the terminal. The content obtaining request may include one or more of information such as a content name, a content type, a target version, and the like, so that the edge server accurately feeds back the first content to the terminal in time according to the content obtaining request.
It should be noted that, in general, the terminal sends a content acquisition request to the edge server with the minimum communication distance to reduce the content acquisition delay.
And step S120, under the condition that the first content is not stored and the residual storage space is not enough to store the first content, selecting and deleting the second content from the stored content of the edge server.
The remaining storage space is the space which is not occupied in the edge server and is used for storing the content.
In some embodiments, the second content comprises stored content that is less cost effective to store than the first content. In some specific implementations, the cost performance of storage may be measured using attributes such as an interest level, an occupied storage space, a storage space occupied by a unit interest level, access times, and an average access time of a user. Wherein the interestingness is used for characterizing the user's interest level in the content, and in some specific implementations, the interestingness includes the number of accessing users.
It should be noted that, the above manner for measuring the cost performance of the storage is only an example, and the present application is not limited thereto.
In some embodiments, in response to a content acquisition request from a terminal, an edge server detects whether first content is included in its stored content. And in the case that the stored content comprises the first content, transmitting the first content to the terminal. In the case where it is determined that the first content is not included in the stored contents, it is determined whether the remaining storage space is sufficient to store the first content, and in the case where it is determined that the remaining storage space is insufficient to store the first content, the second content is selected from the stored contents and deleted.
The sum of the storage space occupied by the second content and the remaining storage space is greater than or equal to the storage space required by the first content (i.e. the first storage space). The storage space occupied by the second content can be released through the deletion operation of the second content, and the first content can be cached by utilizing the storage space corresponding to the second content and the residual storage space.
Step S130, the first content is acquired and stored by the central server.
The central server is a server in the center of the content distribution network, and the storage capacity, the computing capacity and the like of the central server are superior to those of the edge servers. Therefore, in the case where some content is not stored locally at the edge server, the content can be acquired from the center server and the acquired content can be stored locally at the edge server so as to be transmitted to the terminal in time when the terminal requests the content.
Step S140, transmitting the first content to the terminal.
In some embodiments, the edge server transmits the first content to the terminal through a WIFI network or a cellular mobile communication network.
In this embodiment, a content acquisition request sent by a terminal is received; under the condition that the first content is not stored and the residual storage space is not enough to store the first content, selecting and deleting second content from the stored content of the edge server; acquiring and storing first content through a central server; the first content is transmitted to the terminal. According to the method, under the condition that a terminal requests to acquire first content, an edge server does not store the first content and the residual storage space is insufficient, second content which is lower in interestingness, larger in occupied storage space or less in average access frequency compared with the first content is selected, the second content is deleted, the first content is acquired from a central server and stored, and the first content is sent to the terminal, so that the storage content of the edge server is optimized, and the customer perception of a hot spot area or hot spot time can be improved.
It should be noted that, in some embodiments, the content obtaining request includes target version information, and the target version is a version of the first content requested to be obtained by the terminal. The edge server acquires version information of the first content and determines whether the version information of the first content is consistent with the target version information, in the case that it is determined that the first content is included in the stored content. When the two are consistent, the version of the first content stored by the edge server is the same as the version of the first content required to be acquired by the terminal, and therefore, the edge server transmits the first content to the terminal. When the two versions are not consistent, it is indicated that the version of the first content stored by the edge server is different from the version of the first content required to be acquired by the terminal, and the edge server cannot directly send the stored first content to the terminal, but needs to acquire the first content matched with the target version from the central server. Specifically, the edge server first determines whether the remaining storage space is sufficient to store the first content, and in case the remaining storage space is sufficient to store the first content, acquires and stores the first content matching the target version from the center server, and transmits the first content to the terminal. On the contrary, if the remaining storage space is not enough to store the first content, the edge server selects and deletes the second content from the stored content, then acquires and stores the first content matched with the target version from the central server, and sends the first content to the terminal.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a content distribution method according to another embodiment of the present application, where the method is applicable to an edge server. As shown in fig. 2, the content distribution method includes the steps of:
step S210, receiving a content acquisition request sent by the terminal.
Step S210 in this embodiment is the same as step S110 in this embodiment, and is not described herein again.
In step S221, when it is determined that the first content is not stored and the remaining storage space is insufficient to store the first content, the interestingness of the first content and the interestingness of each stored content are determined.
Wherein the interest level is used for representing the interest level of the user in the content. It should be noted that "user" mentioned herein is a generalized concept, and includes all users that can obtain content, and is not particularly limited to the end user that sends the content obtaining request in step S210.
In some embodiments, interestingness may be characterized using user access numbers. For a certain content, when the number of the user accesses is larger, it indicates that the user has a higher interest level in the content, and accordingly, the interest level of the content is larger, and otherwise, the interest level of the content is smaller.
In step S222, a second storage space occupied by each stored content is determined.
In practical applications, the second storage space occupied by different stored contents may be different, and the size of the second storage space is related to the type of the content, the amount of data included in the content, and the like.
For example, the stored content includes a long video type, a short video type, and a text type, and accordingly, the second storage space occupied by the stored content of the long video type is the largest, the second storage space occupied by the stored content of the short video type is at an intermediate value, and the second storage space occupied by the stored content of the text type is the smallest.
It should be noted that, the above relation between the size of the content type and the second storage space is only an example, and in some embodiments, there is a case where the storage space occupied by the content of the text type is larger than that occupied by the content of the video type, which is not limited in this application.
Step S223, calculating a ratio of the interest degrees of the first storage space and the first content, and obtaining a first ratio corresponding to the first content.
The first storage space is a storage space required by the first content.
The first ratio represents a storage space occupied by a unit interest level of the first content. In general, the larger the storage space occupied by the unit interest degree is, the lower the storage cost performance of the corresponding content is, and conversely, the higher the storage cost performance of the corresponding content is.
Step S224, calculating a ratio of the interest degrees of the second storage space and the corresponding stored content, and obtaining a second ratio corresponding to each stored content.
Wherein the second ratio represents a storage space occupied by the unit interest level of each stored content.
Step S225, selects the stored content with the second ratio greater than the first ratio as the candidate second content.
If the second ratio is greater than the first ratio, it indicates that the storage space occupied by the unit interest degree of the part of the stored content is greater than that of the first content, in other words, the storage cost performance of the part of the stored content is lower than that of the first content. Therefore, the part of the content is used as the alternative second content to select the second content to be deleted.
Step S226, selecting the second content from the candidate second contents, and deleting the second content.
The second content is a subset of the alternative second content, that is, the second content may include one or more alternative second contents.
In some embodiments, selecting the second content from the alternative second content and deleting the second content comprises: firstly, according to a second ratio of the alternative second contents, the alternative second contents are sequenced from small to large to obtain an alternative sequence. And secondly, selecting the candidate second content arranged at the first N bits from the candidate sequence as the second content according to the difference value between the first storage space and the residual storage space, and deleting the second content. Wherein, N is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and the sum of the total storage space occupied by the first N bits of the candidate second content and the remaining storage space should be greater than or equal to the first storage space, so as to ensure that the edge server has enough storage space to store the first content.
In some other embodiments, selecting the second content from the alternative second contents and deleting the second content includes: firstly, calculating a difference value between a second storage space corresponding to the alternative second content and the first storage space; and secondly, selecting the difference with the minimum value from the differences larger than zero, taking the alternative second content corresponding to the difference with the minimum value as the second content, and deleting the second content. Since the second storage space corresponding to the second content is larger than the first storage space, the edge server has enough storage space to store the first content only by deleting one second content.
It should be noted that the above manner for selecting the second content is only an example, and the present application is not limited to this.
Step S230, the first content is obtained and stored by the central server.
Step S240, the first content is transmitted to the terminal.
Steps S230 to S240 in this embodiment are the same as steps S130 to S140 in this embodiment, and are not described herein again.
In this embodiment, candidate second contents are screened from stored contents according to a ratio of a storage space to an interest degree, so that candidate second contents with a storage cost performance lower than that of the first contents can be obtained, after the second contents are selected from the candidate second contents and deleted, the edge server has enough storage space to store the first contents, and the stored contents of the edge server are optimized, so that the customer perception degree of a hot spot area or a hot spot time can be improved.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart of a content distribution method according to still another embodiment of the present application, where the method is applicable to an edge server. As shown in fig. 3, the content distribution method includes the steps of:
step S310, receiving a content acquisition request sent by the terminal.
In step S321, in a case where it is determined that the first content is not stored and the remaining storage space is insufficient to store the first content, the interestingness of the first content and the interestingness of each stored content are determined.
Steps S310 to S321 in this embodiment are the same as steps S210 to S221 in the previous embodiment of the present application, and are not described herein again.
Step S322, selecting a third content from the stored contents according to the interest level of the first content and the interest levels of the stored contents.
Wherein the interestingness of the third content is less than the interestingness of the first content.
In step S323, a third storage space occupied by the third content is determined.
Wherein the number of the third contents may be one or more. When there are a plurality of third contents, it is necessary to separately determine a third storage space occupied by each of the third contents.
In step S324, a third content with a third storage space greater than or equal to the first storage space is selected as the second content.
The first storage space is a storage space required by the first content.
The candidate second content determined through the above steps is stored content with the interestingness smaller than that of the first content and the storage space larger than or equal to that of the first content. Therefore, the storage space occupied by the unit interest degree of the alternative second content is larger than that of the first content. In other words, the cost-effective storage of the alternative second content is less than the cost-effective storage of the first content.
Step S325, select the second content from the candidate second contents, and delete the second content.
In some embodiments, considering that storage spaces occupied by the alternative second contents (i.e., the third storage spaces) are all greater than or equal to the first storage space, the alternative second content with the smallest third storage space is selected as the second content, and the second content is deleted.
In some other embodiments, any one of the alternative second contents is selected as the second content, and the second content is deleted.
It should be noted that the above manner for selecting the second content is only an example, and the present application is not limited to this.
Step S330, obtaining and storing the first content through the central server.
Step S340, transmitting the first content to the terminal.
Steps S330 to S340 in this embodiment are the same as steps S230 to S240 in the previous embodiment of the present application, and are not described herein again.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, after determining the third storage space occupied by the third content, a storage space threshold (the storage space threshold is greater than or equal to the difference) may be set according to the difference between the first storage space and the remaining storage space, so that according to the storage space threshold, the third content whose third storage space is greater than or equal to the storage space threshold is selected as the second content to be selected. When a second content is selected from the candidate second contents, a third storage space closest to the difference (i.e., the difference between the first storage space and the remaining storage space) in the third storage space corresponding to the candidate second content is determined, and the corresponding candidate second content is determined as the second content.
In this embodiment, candidate second contents are screened from stored contents sequentially through the interest degree and the storage space, so that candidate second contents with a storage cost performance lower than that of the first contents can be obtained, after the second contents are selected from the candidate second contents and deleted, the edge server has enough storage space to store the first contents, and the stored contents of the edge server are optimized, so that the customer perception degree of a hot spot area or a hot spot time can be improved.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart of a content distribution method according to another embodiment of the present application, where the method is applicable to an edge server. As shown in fig. 4, the content distribution method includes the steps of:
step S410, receiving a content acquisition request sent by the terminal.
In step S421, when it is determined that the first content is not stored and the remaining storage space is not enough to store the first content, the interestingness of the first content and the interestingness of each stored content are determined.
Steps S410 to S421 in this embodiment are the same as steps S210 to S221 in another embodiment of the present application, and are not described herein again.
In step S422, the number of times of access to the first content and the number of times of access to each of the stored contents are acquired.
In some embodiments, the access times of the first content and the access times of each stored content are obtained according to a historical access record in a preset time period. The preset time period may be one month, one week or one day, which is not limited in the present application.
Step S423, calculating a ratio of the number of times of accessing the first content to the interest level, and obtaining a third ratio corresponding to the first content.
The ratio of the access times to the interestingness represents the access times corresponding to the unit interestingness. In general, the higher the access times corresponding to the unit interest degree is, the higher the user's interest degree is, and correspondingly, the higher the storage performance-price ratio is, and on the contrary, the lower the storage performance-price ratio is.
In some embodiments, the interestingness is represented by the number of user visits, and the visit number corresponding to a unit interestingness is the ratio of the number of visiting users to the visit number, and the physical meaning of the visit number is the average visit number of users. Accordingly, the third ratio represents the average number of user accesses corresponding to the first content. If the third ratio is larger, the higher the average access frequency of the user of the first content is, the higher the storage cost performance of the first content is; conversely, if the smaller the third ratio is, the lower the average number of times of user access to the first content is, the lower the cost performance of storing the first content is.
Step S424, a ratio of the access times of each stored content to the interest level is calculated, and a fourth ratio corresponding to each stored content is obtained.
Wherein the fourth ratio represents the number of accesses corresponding to the unit interest level of each stored content. When the interestingness is characterized by the number of user accesses, the fourth ratio represents the average number of user accesses corresponding to the stored content.
Step S425 selects the stored content with the fourth ratio smaller than the third ratio as the second content alternative.
If the fourth ratio is smaller than the third ratio, it is indicated that the number of accesses corresponding to the unit interest level of the part of stored content is smaller than that of the first content, that is, the cost performance of the part of stored content is lower than that of the first content, and therefore, the part of content is selected as the second content to be selected.
In step S426, the second content is selected from the candidate second contents, and the second content is deleted.
In some embodiments, selecting the second content from the alternative second content and deleting the second content comprises: firstly, according to a fourth ratio of the alternative second contents, the alternative second contents are sequenced from small to large to obtain an alternative sequence. And secondly, according to the difference value between the first storage space and the residual storage space, selecting the candidate second content arranged at the top M bits from the candidate sequence as the second content, and deleting the second content. And M is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and the sum of the occupied storage space and the residual storage space corresponding to the first M-bit alternative second content is greater than or equal to the first storage space so as to ensure that the edge server has a storage space for storing the first content.
In some other embodiments, selecting the second content from the alternative second contents and deleting the second content includes: firstly, calculating a difference value between a second storage space corresponding to the alternative second content and the first storage space; and secondly, selecting the difference with the minimum value from the differences larger than zero, taking the alternative second content corresponding to the difference with the minimum value as the second content, and deleting the second content. Since the second storage space corresponding to the second content is larger than the first storage space, the edge server has enough storage space to store the first content only by deleting one second content.
It should be noted that the above manner for selecting the second content is only an example, and the present application is not limited to this.
Step S430, obtaining and storing the first content through the central server.
Step S440, the first content is transmitted to the terminal.
Steps S430 to S440 in this embodiment are the same as steps S230 to S240 in another embodiment of the present application, and are not described herein again.
In this embodiment, the alternative second content is selected from the stored contents according to the ratio of the number of accesses to the interest level, so that the alternative second content having a lower storage cost performance than the first content can be obtained, after the second content is selected from the alternative second content and deleted, the edge server has enough storage space to store the first content, and the stored content of the edge server is optimized, so that the customer perception of the hot spot area or the hot spot time can be improved.
It should be noted that, in some embodiments, the interestingness of the first content is determined through a preset interestingness obtaining model. Wherein the interestingness acquisition model is a model established based on the content distribution network and the warehouse model for determining the number of access users of the content.
A scenario in which an APP (Application) carrier propagates content to a mobile terminal of a user is taken as an example for description. In particular, the edge server has a certain storage capacity, and can cache the content in which the user is interested. Users may obtain content of interest (e.g., video content) through the edge server, such users being referred to as "patients". Moreover, when affected by APP push or the surrounding population, the user may have renewed interest in what was once viewed, i.e., the patient may still be infected again by the carrier after recovery, and thus become again a patient. Based on this, users can be classified into a susceptible class and an affected class.
Assuming that the total number of users at time t is n (t), s (t) represents the number of susceptible users at time t, and i (t) represents the number of patients infected by users at time t, n (t) is s (t) + i (t). The APP carrier can selectively increase the content of interest of the user in order to improve the activity of the user, so that the APP carrier can be divided into an easy class and an interestThe diseases are classified into two categories. Suppose the total number of APPs at time t is NA(t) with SA(t) the number of APP susceptible persons at time t, denoted by IA(t) indicates the number of APP patients at time t, N is presentA(t)＝SA(t)+IA(t) of (d). Further suppose that the user can obtain the content through the APP carrier, if the probability of the user installing a certain APP on the terminal is b, the probability of the content recommended by the APP carrier for people to attract is beta0Then people obtain the probability lambda of the content data through the APP carrierA＝bβ0IA(t) of (d). The probability of the user being influenced by surrounding people to acquire the content is lambdav＝β1I (t), wherein beta1Is the probability that the user is affected by the surrounding population. APP carrier increases probability lambda of content in which a user is interestedh＝β2I (t), wherein beta2The probability of content is increased for the APP operator according to the interest of the user. According to the assumptions and the bin model, the interestingness obtaining model can be established.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an interestingness obtaining model provided in the embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 5, M represents the total number of APP carriers commonly used by users in the preset region, and H represents the total number of users (i.e., the total number of terminals) in the preset region. Assuming that the total number of the APP carriers and the total number of the users are relatively stable in a certain time period, therefore, the birth rate and the death rate of the APP are set to be delta, the mobile user access rate and the mobile user access rate in the area are set to be mu, and the expected values of the number of the newborn APP carriers and the number of the crowd are delta M and mu H respectively. Suppose that the population interested in short video is scaled by gamma2Become uninteresting, i.e. the patient is given a ratio of gamma2Recovering health, and becoming susceptible again; the user pays attention to the interested content data through the influence of the APP carrier and the surrounding people, and the infection rates are lambda respectivelyAAnd λv(ii) a The probability that the APP carrier increases the content data according to the interest of the mobile user is lambdah. From the above, the following equation set (1) can be established:
because M is SA(t)+IA(t), and H ═ s (t) + i (t), so equation set (1) can be simplified to equation set (2):
there is a stable non-zero solution to equation set (2) above
Wherein:
Δ＝[Mbβ0β2+β2(μ+γ2)(l-RO)+β1δ]2-4β1β2[-HMbβ0β2+δ(μ+γ2)(1-RO)+γ2δ]
wherein R is0Is a basic regeneration number, which may represent the "infectivity" of a user, and R0＞1；I*The interestingness of the content represents the number of infected users, namely the number of access users;
represents the interestingness of the APP, which represents the number of infected APPs, i.e. the number of APPs representing the content provided to the user.
In some embodiments, after the related parameters are set, the interestingness I of the content obtained by the interestingness obtaining model can be obtained*Thereby determining the number of accessing users of the content.
The steps of the above methods are divided for clarity, and the implementation may be combined into one step or split some steps into multiple steps, which are all within the protection scope of the present application as long as the same logical relationship is included; it is within the scope of the present application to add insignificant modifications to the algorithms or processes or to introduce insignificant design changes to the core design without changing the algorithms or processes.
A second aspect of the present application provides an edge server. Fig. 6 is a block diagram illustrating an edge server according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 6, the edge server 600 includes the following modules:
the receiving module 601 is configured to receive a content acquisition request sent by a terminal.
The content obtaining request is used for requesting the edge server to send the first content to the terminal.
A processing module 602 configured to select and delete a second content from the stored contents of the edge server if it is determined that the first content is not stored and the remaining storage space is insufficient to store the first content.
The remaining storage space is the space which is not occupied in the edge server and is used for storing the content.
A storage module 603 configured to acquire and store the first content through the central server.
A transmitting module 604 configured to transmit the first content to the terminal.
In this embodiment, a receiving module receives a content acquisition request sent by a terminal; the processing module selects and deletes second content from the stored content of the edge server under the condition that the first content is not stored and the residual storage space is not enough to store the first content; the storage module acquires and stores the first content through the central server; the transmitting module transmits the first content to the terminal. The edge server selects second content which is lower in interest degree, larger in occupied storage space or less in average access frequency compared with the first content when the terminal requests to obtain the first content, the edge server does not store the first content and the remaining storage space is insufficient, deletes the second content, obtains and stores the first content from the central server, and sends the first content to the terminal, so that the storage content of the edge server is optimized, and the customer perception degree of a hot spot area or a hot spot time can be improved.
A third aspect of the present application provides a content distribution system. Fig. 7 is a block diagram illustrating a content distribution system according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 7, the content distribution system 700 includes the following: a terminal 701, an edge server 702 and a central server 703.
The terminal and the edge server establish communication connection, and the edge server and the central server establish connection. And when the terminal has the requirement of acquiring the content, sending a content acquisition request to the edge server. The edge server receives and responds to the content acquisition request of the terminal, and returns corresponding content to the terminal according to the content distribution method provided by the embodiment of the application. When the edge server cannot return the requested content to the terminal, the central server returns the corresponding content to the terminal.
It should be noted that, in practical applications, the content distribution system may further include a plurality of edge servers and a plurality of terminals. The same terminal may request content from different edge servers, and the same edge server may also send content to different terminals, and the specific content distribution process may refer to the content distribution method provided in any one of the embodiments of the present application, which is not described herein again.
Fig. 8 is a flowchart of a content distribution method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 8, the content distribution method includes:
in step S801, the edge server receives a content acquisition request sent by the terminal.
In some embodiments, when the user has a need to obtain the first content, a content obtaining request is sent to the edge server through the terminal. It should be noted that, in general, the terminal sends a content acquisition request to the edge server with the minimum communication distance to reduce the content acquisition delay.
In step S802, the edge server determines whether to store the first content.
In step S803, in the case where it is determined that the first content is stored, the edge server acquires version information of the first content.
In step S804, the edge server determines whether the version information of the first content is consistent with the target version information.
In step S805, if the two are identical, the edge server delivers the first content to the terminal and skips to the end.
In step S806, if the two are not consistent or the first content is not stored, the edge server determines whether the remaining storage space is sufficient to store the first content.
In step S807, in the case that it is determined that the remaining storage space is sufficient to store the first content, the edge server acquires and caches the first content from the central server, delivers the first content to the terminal, and skips to the end.
In step S808, in the case that it is determined that the remaining storage space is not enough to store the first content, the edge server determines the interest level of the first content and the interest level of each stored content.
Step S809, the edge server selects a third content from the stored contents according to the interest level of the first content and the interest level of each stored content.
Wherein the interestingness of the third content is less than the interestingness of the first content.
Step S810, the edge server determines a third storage space occupied by the third content, and selects the third content whose third storage space is greater than or equal to the first storage space as the second content alternative.
In step S811, the edge server selects the second content from the candidate second content, and deletes the second content.
The first storage space is a storage space required by the first content.
In step S812, the edge server obtains and stores the first content through the central server, and delivers the first content to the terminal.
Fig. 9 is a block diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
FIG. 9 illustrates a schematic block diagram of an example electronic device 900 that can be used to implement embodiments of the present application. Electronic devices are intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as laptops, desktops, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframes, and other appropriate computers. The electronic device may also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital processing, cellular phones, smart phones, wearable devices, and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions, are meant to be examples only, and are not meant to limit implementations of the present application that are described and/or claimed herein.
As shown in fig. 9, the apparatus 900 includes a computing unit 901, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes in accordance with a computer program stored in a Read Only Memory (ROM)902 or a computer program loaded from a storage unit 908 into a Random Access Memory (RAM) 903. In the RAM903, various programs and data required for the operation of the device 900 can also be stored. The calculation unit 901, ROM902, and RAM903 are connected to each other via a bus 904. An input/output (I/O) interface 905 is also connected to bus 904.
A number of components in the device 900 are connected to the I/O interface 905, including: an input unit 906 such as a keyboard, a mouse, and the like; an output unit 907 such as various types of displays, speakers, and the like; a storage unit 908 such as a magnetic disk, optical disk, or the like; and a communication unit 909 such as a network card, a modem, a wireless communication transceiver, and the like. The communication unit 909 allows the device 900 to exchange information/data with other devices through a computer network such as the internet and/or various telecommunication networks.
The computing unit 901 may be a variety of general and/or special purpose processing components having processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of the computing unit 901 include, but are not limited to, a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), various dedicated Artificial Intelligence (AI) computing chips, various computing units running machine learning model algorithms, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), and any suitable processor, controller, microcontroller, and so forth. The computing unit 901 performs the respective methods and processes described above, such as the content distribution method. For example, in some embodiments, the content distribution method may be implemented as a computer software program tangibly embodied in a machine-readable medium, such as storage unit 908. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program may be loaded and/or installed onto device 900 via ROM902 and/or communications unit 909. When the computer program is loaded into the RAM903 and executed by the computing unit 901, one or more steps of the content distribution method described above may be performed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the computing unit 901 may be configured to perform the content distribution method by any other suitable means (e.g., by means of firmware).
Various implementations of the systems and techniques described here above may be implemented in digital electronic circuitry, integrated circuitry, Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Application Specific Standard Products (ASSPs), system on a chip (SOCs), load programmable logic devices (CPLDs), computer hardware, firmware, software, and/or combinations thereof. These various embodiments may include: implemented in one or more computer programs that are executable and/or interpretable on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which may be special or general purpose, receiving data and instructions from, and transmitting data and instructions to, a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device.
Program code for implementing the methods of the present application may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These program codes may be provided to a processor or controller of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus, such that the program codes, when executed by the processor or controller, cause the functions/operations specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram to be performed. The program code may execute entirely on the machine, partly on the machine, as a stand-alone software package partly on the machine and partly on a remote machine or entirely on the remote machine or server.
In the context of this application, a machine-readable medium may be a tangible medium that can contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The machine-readable medium may be a machine-readable signal medium or a machine-readable storage medium. A machine-readable medium may include, but is not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of a machine-readable storage medium would include an electrical connection based on one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
To provide for interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described here can be implemented on a computer having: a display device (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor) for displaying information to a user; and a keyboard and a pointing device (e.g., a mouse or a trackball) by which a user can provide input to the computer. Other kinds of devices may also be used to provide for interaction with a user; for example, feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user may be received in any form, including acoustic, speech, or tactile input.
The systems and techniques described here can be implemented in a computing system that includes a back-end component (e.g., as a data server), or that includes a middleware component (e.g., an application server), or that includes a front-end component (e.g., a user computer having a graphical user interface or a web browser through which a user can interact with an implementation of the systems and techniques described here), or any combination of such back-end, middleware, or front-end components. The components of the system can be interconnected by any form or medium of digital data communication (e.g., a communication network). Examples of communication networks include: local Area Networks (LANs), Wide Area Networks (WANs), and the Internet.
The computer system may include clients and servers. A client and server are generally remote from each other and typically interact through a communication network. The relationship of client and server arises by virtue of computer programs running on the respective computers and having a client-server relationship to each other.
It should be noted that each module referred to in this embodiment is a logical module, and in practical applications, one logical unit may be one physical unit, may be a part of one physical unit, and may be implemented by a combination of multiple physical units. In addition, in order to highlight the innovative part of the present application, a unit that is not so closely related to solving the technical problem proposed by the present application is not introduced in the present embodiment, but it does not indicate that no other unit exists in the present embodiment.
It is to be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments that are employed to illustrate the principles of the present application, and that the present application is not limited thereto. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the application, and these changes and modifications are to be considered as the scope of the application.
Claims (10)
1. A content distribution method applied to an edge server, the method comprising:
receiving a content acquisition request sent by a terminal, wherein the content acquisition request is used for requesting the edge server to send first content to the terminal;
selecting and deleting second content from the stored content of the edge server under the condition that the first content is not stored and the residual storage space is not enough to store the first content; wherein the remaining storage space is an unoccupied space in the edge server for storing content;
acquiring and storing the first content through a central server;
transmitting the first content to the terminal.
2. The content distribution method according to claim 1, wherein after the receiving terminal sends the content acquisition request, before selecting and deleting a second content from the stored content of the edge server if it is determined that the first content is not stored and the remaining storage space is insufficient to store the first content, the method further comprises:
determining whether the first content is included in the stored content;
determining the remaining storage space and a first storage space required for the first content, in the case where it is determined that the first content is not included in the stored content;
comparing the residual storage space with the first storage space to obtain a comparison result;
wherein the comparison result is used for characterizing whether the remaining storage space is enough to store the first content.
3. The content distribution method according to claim 2, wherein the content acquisition request includes target version information;
after the determining whether the first content is included in the stored content, further comprising:
acquiring version information of the first content in the case that the stored content is determined to include the first content;
determining whether version information of the first content is consistent with the target version information;
and transmitting the first content to the terminal under the condition that the version information of the first content is determined to be consistent with the target version information.
4. The content distribution method according to claim 2, wherein the comparing the remaining storage space with the first storage space, and after obtaining the comparison result, further comprises:
acquiring and storing the first content through the central server under the condition that the comparison result is that the residual storage space is enough to store the first content;
transmitting the first content to the terminal.
5. The content distribution method according to claim 1, wherein the selecting and deleting the second content from the stored content of the edge server comprises:
determining the interestingness of the first content and the interestingness of each stored content, wherein the interestingness is used for representing the interestingness of the user in the content;
determining a second storage space occupied by each of the stored contents;
calculating a ratio of a first storage space to the interestingness of the first content to obtain a first ratio corresponding to the first content, wherein the first storage space is a storage space required by the first content;
calculating the ratio of the interest degrees of the second storage space and the corresponding stored content to obtain a second ratio corresponding to each stored content;
selecting the stored content with the second ratio larger than the first ratio as alternative second content;
and selecting the second content from the alternative second contents, and deleting the second content.
6. The content distribution method according to claim 1, wherein the selecting and deleting the second content from the stored content of the edge server comprises:
determining the interestingness of the first content and the interestingness of each stored content;
selecting third content from the stored contents according to the interestingness of the first content and the interestingness of each stored content, wherein the interestingness of the third content is smaller than that of the first content;
determining a third storage space occupied by the third content;
selecting the third content with the third storage space larger than or equal to a first storage space as an alternative second content, wherein the first storage space is a storage space required by the first content;
and selecting the second content from the alternative second contents, and deleting the second content.
7. The content distribution method according to claim 1, wherein the selecting and deleting the second content from the stored content of the edge server comprises:
determining the interestingness of the first content and the interestingness of each stored content;
acquiring the access times of the first content and the access times of each stored content;
calculating the ratio of the access times of the first content to the interest degree, and obtaining a third ratio corresponding to the first content;
calculating the ratio of the access times of each stored content to the interest degree, and obtaining a fourth ratio corresponding to each stored content;
selecting the stored content with the fourth ratio smaller than the third ratio as a second candidate content;
and selecting the second content from the alternative second contents, and deleting the second content.
8. The content distribution method according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the interestingness includes the number of visiting users;
the determining the interestingness of the first content and the interestingness of each of the stored contents comprises:
respectively determining the number of the access users of the first content and the number of the access users of each stored content through a preset interestingness acquisition model;
wherein the interestingness acquisition model is a model established based on the content distribution network and the warehouse model for determining the number of accessing users of the content.
9. The content distribution method according to claim 1, wherein after receiving the content acquisition request transmitted by the terminal, the method further comprises:
sending a content delivery request to the central server if it is determined that the first content is not stored, the remaining storage space is insufficient to store the first content, and the second content is not selected from the stored content;
wherein the content delivery request is used for requesting the central server to deliver the first content to the terminal.
10. An edge server, comprising:
the terminal comprises a receiving module, a sending module and a receiving module, wherein the receiving module is configured to receive a content obtaining request sent by a terminal, and the content obtaining request is used for requesting an edge server to send first content to the terminal;
a processing module configured to select and delete a second content from the stored contents of the edge server if it is determined that the first content is not stored and the remaining storage space is insufficient to store the first content; wherein the remaining storage space is an unoccupied space in the edge server for storing content;
a storage module configured to acquire and store the first content through a central server;
a transmitting module configured to transmit the first content to the terminal.
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