CN114388861A - A fuel cell stack structure and fuel cell - Google Patents

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of new energy, in particular to a fuel cell stack structure and a fuel cell. The fuel cell stack structure includes: at least one first sealing gasket, the first sealing gasket has at least one first combination part; at least one second sealing gasket, the second sealing gasket has at least one corresponding to the first combination part and at least one electrode plate, the electrode plate is located between the first sealing gasket and the second sealing gasket, and the electrode plate has at least one first penetration portion corresponding to the first combination The part passes through the first penetration part and is combined with the second assembly part to fix the electrode plate. In this application, the positioning of the electrode plate is realized by the sealing gasket adjacent to the electrode plate. During the process of electrical stacking, the electrode plate is positioned by the combined part of the insulating gasket, and there is no need to add an external or internal positioning device, which makes the stack assembly difficult. Small, high assembly precision, short installation stroke, not easy to cause assembly difficulties.

Description

A fuel cell stack structure and fuel cell

technical field

The present application relates to the technical field of new energy, in particular to a fuel cell stack structure and a fuel cell.

Background technique

Fuel cell stack assembly is a process of stacking electrode plates, insulating gaskets, membrane electrodes and other components one by one. Each piece needs to meet precise positioning tolerances. For this, the current stacking process generally uses positioning long pins. Or the method of positioning around the outer surface to ensure that the positioning tolerances are met.

For the method of using the positioning long pin, after the positioning long pin is stacked at a certain height, due to the existence of its own verticality tolerance, it may be difficult to continue to align and insert the holes on the pole plate, and after the stacking is completed, it is also very difficult. Hard to pull out. If insulating materials are used, there is no need to pull them out during the stacking process. In the final stacking process, it may cause interference with the stack end plates and also cause resistance to the stacking process.

For the method of positioning around the outer surface, although the problem caused by the positioning of the long pins is solved, it is only positioned through the outer surface. During the stacking process, since there is no limit inside the stack, especially for long stacks, pressure may occur. During the stacking process, the position of the stack is shifted and deformed, causing the stack to fail.

Therefore, how to solve the positioning problem of the fuel cell stacking process has become the direction of those skilled in the art.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The application provides a fuel cell stack structure and a fuel cell, aiming at solving the positioning problem of the fuel cell stacking process. The application realizes the positioning of the electrode plate through the sealing gasket adjacent to the electrode plate. During the process, the electrode plate is positioned by the combined part of the insulating gasket, and there is no need to add external or internal positioning devices. The assembly of the stack is less difficult and has high assembly accuracy. The penetration part only needs to be positioned with the first combination part on the insulating gasket, the installation stroke is short, and it is not easy to cause assembly difficulties. After assembly, there is no need to pull out the positioning pin, and the insulating gasket will be accompanied by Displacement occurs without the risk of interference with the end plate.

In a first aspect, the present application provides a fuel cell stack structure, including:

at least one first sealing gasket, the first sealing gasket has at least one first assembly part;

at least one second sealing gasket, the second sealing gasket has at least one second combination part corresponding to the first combination part; and

At least one electrode plate, the electrode plate is located between the first sealing gasket and the second sealing gasket, and the electrode plate has at least one first through portion corresponding to the first assembly portion, and the first assembly portion passes through the first through portion Combined with the second assembly part to fix the electrode plate.

To sum up the first aspect of the present application, in a first possible embodiment of the present application, the second assembly part has a first space for accommodating the first assembly part to move along a first direction, and the first direction is parallel to the electrode plate.

In view of the first aspect of the present application, in a second possible embodiment of the present application, the second assembly part has a second space for accommodating the first assembly part to move along a second direction, and the second direction is a direction perpendicular to the electrode plate.

To sum up the first aspect of the present application, in a third possible embodiment of the present application, the first combined portion is a cylindrical protrusion, and the second combined portion is a cylindrical groove matched with the cylindrical protrusion.

In view of the first aspect of the present application, in a fourth possible embodiment of the present application, the first sealing gasket has a plurality of cylindrical protrusions disposed on the side facing the electrode plate and on the side facing away from the electrode plate.

The second sealing gasket has a plurality of cylindrical grooves provided on a side facing the electrode plate and a side facing away from the electrode plate.

In view of the first aspect of the present application, in a fifth possible embodiment of the present application, the first assembly part is a cylinder, and the second assembly part is a through hole matched with the cylinder.

To sum up the first aspect of the present application, in a sixth possible embodiment of the present application, the first assembly part is a fitting block, and the second assembly part is a fitting port.

In view of the first aspect of the present application, in a seventh possible embodiment of the present application, the first sealing gasket further has a second assembly portion, and the second sealing gasket further has a first assembly portion.

In view of the first aspect of the present application, in an eighth possible embodiment of the present application, the first assembly portion and the second assembly portion are respectively disposed along diagonal positions of the first sealing gasket.

In a second aspect, the present application provides a fuel cell including the fuel cell stack structure of the first aspect.

In this application, the positioning of the electrode plate is realized by the sealing gasket adjacent to the electrode plate. During the process of electrical stacking, the electrode plate is positioned by the combined part of the insulating gasket, and there is no need to add an external or internal positioning device, which makes the stack assembly difficult. Small size and high assembly accuracy. Compared with positioning with long positioning pins, in the stacking process, the penetration part of each electrode plate only needs to be positioned with the first assembly part on the insulating gasket. The installation stroke is short, and it is not easy to cause assembly difficulties. , After assembly, there is no need to pull out the positioning pin, and the insulating gasket will be displaced along with the stacking process, without causing the risk of interference with the end plate.

Compared with the outer surface positioning plane method, the insulating gasket clamps both sides of the electrode plate to provide internal support for the uncompressed stack, maintain the relative position during the stacking process, and reduce the risk of stack deformation.

Description of drawings

In order to illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a fuel cell stack structure provided by an embodiment of the present application;

2 is a schematic structural diagram of the sealing gasket provided in the embodiment of the present application;

3 is a schematic structural diagram of the electrode plate provided in the embodiment of the present application;

4 is a schematic structural diagram of the combination of the first combination part and the second combination part provided in the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is another schematic structural diagram of the combination of the first combination part and the second combination part provided in the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 6 is another schematic structural diagram of the combination of the first combination part and the second combination part provided in the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 7 is another schematic structural diagram when the first combining part and the second combining part provided in the embodiment of the present application are combined.

Among them, 10 first sealing gasket, 11 first assembly part, 111 cylindrical protrusion, 112 cylinder, 113 fitting block, 20 electrode plate, 21 first penetration part, 30 second sealing gasket, 31 second assembly part , 311 cylindrical groove, 312 through hole, 313 fit mouth, 41 first space, 42 second space.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", " The orientation or positional relationship indicated by "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc. is based on the orientation shown in the drawings Or the positional relationship is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined as "first", "second" may expressly or implicitly include one or more of said features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise expressly and specifically defined.

In this application, the word "exemplary" is used to mean "serving as an example, illustration, or illustration." Any embodiment described in this application as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments. The following description is presented to enable any person skilled in the art to make and use the present invention. In the following description, details are set forth for the purpose of explanation. It will be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art that the present invention may be practiced without the use of these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and procedures have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the description of the present invention with unnecessary detail. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and features disclosed herein.

Embodiments of the present application provide a fuel cell stack structure and a fuel cell, which will be described in detail below.

First, referring to FIG. 1 , FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a fuel cell stack structure in an embodiment of the present application. The fuel cell stack structure includes:

at least one first sealing gasket 10, the first sealing gasket 10 has at least one first assembly part 11;

The sealing gasket refers to a component used to isolate the adjacent electrode plates 20 and form a seal around the electrode plate 20. Generally, the sealing gasket also has insulating properties, so it can also be called an insulating gasket. Exemplarily, the material of the sealing gasket may be a plastic material, an insulating material, or a non-conductive material, for example, silica gel, polyethylene, polystyrene, and the like. Specifically, referring to FIG. 2, FIG. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of the sealing gasket in the embodiment of the present application. Since the sealing gasket seals the periphery of the electrode plate 20, the sealing gasket forms a generally rectangular frame shape, but does not Limited to this, for example, when the shape of the electrode plate 20 is a regular hexagon, the sealing gasket can also be a regular hexagonal frame, and for example, the shape of the sealing gasket can also be inconsistent with the shape of the electrode plate 20 .

The first sealing gasket 10 is any piece of sealing gasket in the fuel cell stack. Specifically, the first sealing gasket 10 has at least one first combination part 11 , wherein the first combination part 11 is used to pass through the electrode plate 20 to fix the electrode plate 20 in this way.

at least one second sealing gasket 30, the second sealing gasket 30 has at least one second combining part 31 corresponding to the first combining part 11;

The second sealing gasket 30 is a piece of sealing gasket adjacent to the first sealing gasket 10 in the fuel cell stack, so that the first sealing gasket 10 and the second sealing gasket 30 can be clamped in the fuel cell stack. The electrode plate 20 in the middle, specifically, the second sealing gasket 30 has at least one second combination part 31 corresponding to the first combination part 11 , wherein the second combination part 31 is used to combine with the first combination part 11 , and then The first sealing gasket 10 and the second sealing gasket 30 are connected and fixed while the electrode plate 20 is clamped.

In some embodiments, the first sealing gasket 10 further has a second assembly part 31 , and the second sealing gasket 30 also has a first assembly part 11 , so that the first sealing gasket 10 and the second sealing gasket 30 can be ensured. Both have a first combination part 11 and a second combination part 31, and the two are combined with each other, so that the connection and positioning are more stable and reliable. Further, for the first sealing gasket 10 provided with the first combination part 11 and the second combination part 31 at the same time, the first combination part 11 and the second combination part 31 may be located along the diagonal positions of the first sealing gasket 10 respectively. The diagonal arrangement ensures that each part of the first sealing gasket 10 and the second sealing gasket 30 are precisely aligned when they are assembled.

At least one electrode plate 20, the electrode plate 20 is located between the first sealing gasket 10 and the second sealing gasket 30, and the electrode plate 20 has at least one first penetration portion 21 corresponding to the first combination portion 11, the first combination The part 11 passes through the first penetration part 21 and is combined with the second assembly part 31 to fix the electrode plate 20;

The electrode plate 20 refers to a component in the fuel cell that provides an electrochemical reaction site where redox reactions occur and conducts electrical conduction. Specifically, the electrode plate 20 may be an anode plate, a cathode plate or a bipolar plate, and in some embodiments of the present application, the electrode plate 20 may be a metal plate, such as a copper conductive plate or the like. In other embodiments of the present application, the electrode plate 20 may be a non-metal plate, such as a conductive graphite plate or the like. The electrode plate 20 is located between the first sealing gasket 10 and the second sealing gasket 30 , so that the first sealing gasket 10 and the second sealing gasket 30 can clamp and fix the electrode plate 20 .

Specifically, referring to FIG. 3 , FIG. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of the electrode plate 20 in the embodiment of the present application, wherein the electrode plate 20 has at least one first penetration portion 21 corresponding to the first combination portion 11 , so that the The first combination part 11 passes through the first penetration part 21 and is combined with the second combination part 31 to fix the electrode plate 20 . Generally, in order to ensure that the first combination part 11 can directly fix the electrode plate 20 , the shape of the first penetration part 21 is generally The shape of the first combination part 11 is consistent with, but not limited to, for example, the first penetration part 21 may be slightly larger than the first combination part 11, and the electrode plate 20 is pressed by the pressing force of the fuel cell stack to avoid the electrode plate 20. 20 panning occurs.

Exemplarily, referring to FIG. 4, FIG. 4 shows a schematic structural diagram of the combination of the first combination part 11 and the second combination part 31 in the embodiment of the present application. The first combination part 11 is a cylindrical protrusion 111, and the first combination part 11 is a cylindrical protrusion 111. The second combination part 31 is a cylindrical groove 311 that cooperates with the cylindrical protrusion 111 . The combination of the first combination part 11 and the second combination part 31 is realized by the cooperation of the cylindrical protrusion 111 and the cylindrical groove 112 . In some embodiments, combination parts may be provided on both sides of the insulating gasket to facilitate the connection of a plurality of sealing gaskets. For example, referring to FIG. The plurality of cylindrical protrusions 111 on the side facing away from the electrode plate 20, the second sealing gasket 30 has a plurality of cylindrical grooves 311 disposed on the side facing the electrode plate 20 and on the side facing away from the electrode plate 20, which are suitable for the first sealing The electrode plate 20 between the gasket 10 and the second sealing gasket 30 is fixed by the cylindrical groove 311 facing the electrode plate 20 and the cylindrical protrusion 111, and the electrode plate on the upper or lower layer is fixed. 20, the fixing can be achieved by combining the first sealing gasket 10 or the second sealing gasket 30 with its adjacent sealing gasket.

During the stacking of fuel cells, since the upper and lower surfaces of each electrode plate 20 are provided with the first sealing gasket 10 and the second sealing gasket 30, it is only necessary to sequentially connect the penetrating parts of the electrode plates 20 during stacking. Insert the first assembly part 11 of the first sealing gasket 10, then combine the second assembly part 31 of the second sealing gasket 30 with the first assembly part 11, repeat the above process for a plurality of electrode plates 20, and then directly pass the The stacking method can obtain a fuel cell stack with accurate positioning, and it is not necessary to use an outer surface positioning device or a pin positioning to perform the stacking process of the fuel cell. The insulating spacers will be displaced along with the stacking process without the risk of interference with the end plates.

It is worth noting that the above description about the structure of the fuel cell stack is only an example, and those skilled in the art can make equivalent modifications to the above components under the guidance of the present application. 10 A plurality of first combining parts 11 are uniformly arranged in a ring shape. For another example, referring to FIG. 5 , FIG. 5 shows another schematic structural diagram when the first combining part 11 and the second combining part 31 are combined in the embodiment of the present application, wherein the first combining part 11 is a cylinder 112 , and the second combining part 11 is a cylinder 112 . The assembly portion 31 is a through hole 312 that is matched with the cylinder 112 . For another example, referring to FIG. 6 , FIG. 6 shows another schematic structural diagram when the first combining part 11 and the second combining part 31 are combined in the embodiment of the present application, wherein the first combining part 11 is a fitting block 113 , and the first combining part 11 is a fitting block 113 . The second assembly portion 31 is a fitting port 313 . For another example, the fuel cell stack may also include other components, such as membrane electrode components, potential detection components, and the like.

Due to the manufacturing accuracy, the fuel cell stack is prone to accumulative errors during the stacking process. For example, the first protrusion of the first insulating gasket is offset by 0.01mm. After the stacking reaches 100 layers, the accumulated error is 1mm. Therefore, This application further describes the elimination of accumulated errors.

Continuing to refer to FIG. 7 , FIG. 7 shows another schematic structural diagram when the first combining part 11 and the second combining part 31 are combined in the embodiment of the present application. The second assembly portion 31 has a first space 41 for accommodating the first assembly portion 11 to move along the first direction, and the first direction is parallel to the electrode plate 20, so the first assembly portion 11 of the first sealing gasket 10 can be placed in the first The second assembly part 31 translates inwardly, and then drives the electrode plate 20 to translate, eliminating the accumulated deviation of the fuel cell stack. Generally, the first space 41 of the second assembly part 31 can be set at every certain number (for example, 20 layers, 50 layers) The arrangement of the insulating spacers at the electrode plate 20 of the

In some embodiments of the present application, in order to ensure that the first sealing gasket 10 and the second sealing gasket 30 can be sufficiently close to the electrode sheet, the second assembly part 31 has a first assembly part 31 for accommodating the movement of the first assembly part 11 in the second direction. In the second space 42 , the second direction is the direction perpendicular to the electrode plate 20 , and there is a margin when the first assembly part 11 and the second assembly part 31 are assembled, so as to prevent the first assembly part 11 from pushing the second assembly part 31 The phenomenon that the second sealing gasket 30 cannot be in close contact with the electrode plate 20 .

It is worth noting that the above description about the combination of the first combining part 11 and the second combining part 31 to eliminate the accumulated deviation is only an example, and those skilled in the art can also make equivalent changes to the above components under the guidance of this application. Modifications, for example, the second combination part 31 can be set as a chute of a certain length, and the first combination part 11 moves along the direction of the chute in the second combination part 31 to realize cumulative deviation adjustment in a fixed direction.

Further, in order to better implement the fuel cell end plate in the embodiment of the present application, on the basis of the fuel cell end plate, a fuel cell is also provided in the embodiment of the present application, and the fuel cell includes the fuel described in any of the above embodiments. Battery stack structure.

In the above-mentioned embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference may be made to the above detailed description of other embodiments, and details are not repeated here.

The basic concept has been described above. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, the above detailed disclosure is only an example, and does not constitute a limitation to the present application. Although not explicitly described herein, various modifications, improvements, and corrections to this application may occur to those skilled in the art. Such modifications, improvements, and corrections are suggested in this application, so such modifications, improvements, and corrections still fall within the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of this application.

Meanwhile, the present application uses specific words to describe the embodiments of the present application. Such as "one embodiment," "an embodiment," and/or "some embodiments" means a certain feature, structure, or characteristic associated with at least one embodiment of the present application. Therefore, it should be emphasized and noted that two or more references to "an embodiment" or "one embodiment" or "an alternative embodiment" in various places in this specification are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment . Furthermore, certain features, structures or characteristics of the one or more embodiments of the present application may be combined as appropriate.

It should be noted that, in order to simplify the expressions disclosed in the present application and thus help the understanding of one or more embodiments of the present application, in the foregoing description of the embodiments of the present application, various features are sometimes combined into one embodiment, the drawings or the in its description. However, this method of disclosure does not imply that the subject matter of the application requires more features than those mentioned in the claims. Indeed, there are fewer features of an embodiment than all of the features of a single embodiment disclosed above.

A fuel cell stack structure and a fuel cell provided by the embodiments of the present application have been introduced in detail above. The principles and implementations of the present invention are described with specific examples in this paper. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only used to help Understand the method of the present invention and its core idea; at the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be It is construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A fuel cell stack structure, characterized in that, comprising: at least one first sealing gasket, the first sealing gasket has at least one first assembly part; at least one second gasket, the second gasket has at least one second assembly portion corresponding to the first assembly portion; and at least one electrode plate, the electrode plate is located between the first sealing gasket and the second sealing gasket, and the electrode plate has at least one first penetration portion corresponding to the first assembly portion, The first assembly part passes through the first penetration part and is combined with the second assembly part to fix the electrode plate. 2. The fuel cell stack structure according to claim 1, wherein, The second combination part has a first space for accommodating the first combination part to move along a first direction, and the first direction is parallel to the electrode plate. 3. The fuel cell stack structure according to claim 1, wherein, The second combination part has a second space for accommodating the first combination part to move along a second direction, and the second direction is a direction perpendicular to the electrode plate. 4. The fuel cell stack structure according to claim 1, wherein, The first combined part is a cylindrical protrusion, and the second combined part is a cylindrical groove matched with the cylindrical protrusion. 5. The fuel cell stack structure according to claim 4, wherein, The first sealing gasket has a plurality of the cylindrical protrusions disposed on a side facing the electrode plate and a side facing away from the electrode plate. The second sealing gasket has a plurality of the cylindrical grooves disposed on a side facing the electrode plate and a side facing away from the electrode plate. 6. The fuel cell stack structure according to claim 1, wherein, The first combination part is a cylinder, and the second combination part is a through hole matched with the cylinder. 7. The fuel cell stack structure according to claim 1, wherein, The first combination part is a fitting block, and the second combination part is a fitting opening. 8 . The fuel cell stack structure according to claim 1 , wherein, The first sealing gasket further has the second assembly part, and the second sealing gasket also has the first assembly part. 9. The fuel cell stack structure according to claim 8, wherein, The first assembly part and the second assembly part are respectively disposed along the diagonal positions of the first sealing gasket. 10. A fuel cell, comprising the fuel cell stack structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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