CN114388641B - Photovoltaic module and photovoltaic module array - Google Patents
Photovoltaic module and photovoltaic module array Download PDFInfo
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- CN114388641B CN114388641B CN202111294945.5A CN202111294945A CN114388641B CN 114388641 B CN114388641 B CN 114388641B CN 202111294945 A CN202111294945 A CN 202111294945A CN 114388641 B CN114388641 B CN 114388641B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/044—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells including bypass diodes
- H01L31/0443—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells including bypass diodes comprising bypass diodes integrated or directly associated with the devices, e.g. bypass diodes integrated or formed in or on the same substrate as the photovoltaic cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/05—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells
- H01L31/0504—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells specially adapted for series or parallel connection of solar cells in a module
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
- H02S40/30—Electrical components
- H02S40/34—Electrical components comprising specially adapted electrical connection means to be structurally associated with the PV module, e.g. junction boxes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Abstract
The embodiment of the application relates to the field of photovoltaics, and provides a photovoltaic module and a photovoltaic module array. The photovoltaic module includes: the photovoltaic module is provided with a first direction and a second direction which are opposite, and the number of the battery pieces in the first direction is larger than that of the battery pieces in the second direction; the diode comprises a first diode and a second diode, the first diode is connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the first battery string through a first bus bar, and in the second direction, the first diode is close to the edge of the photovoltaic module; the second diode is positioned between the battery strings in the middle of the photovoltaic module in the second direction; in the first direction, the distance between the first diode and the second diode is greater than or equal to 1/2 of the length of the photovoltaic module in the first direction; the first bus bar is at a distance from the edge of the photovoltaic module in the second direction of less than or equal to 1/4 of the length of the photovoltaic module in the second direction. The photovoltaic module provided by the embodiment of the application can improve the problem of overlarge total transmission loss of the photovoltaic module.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the application relates to the field of photovoltaics, in particular to a photovoltaic module and a photovoltaic module array.
Background
The power generation of a photovoltaic power plant is determined by three factors: installed capacity, number of hours of solar radiation effective use, and system efficiency. The photovoltaic power generation system causes electric quantity loss at different degrees in various links of power generation, transmission and internet surfing, such as attenuation of a photovoltaic module, loss of a photovoltaic array (snow and dust), inverter efficiency, efficiency of a box transformer, direct current line loss, alternating current line loss, equipment failure and the like.
Along with the continuous demand that photovoltaic cost reduction increases, the size of the battery piece that photovoltaic module end used also increases constantly, but battery piece size increases and can lead to photovoltaic module's outside cable transmission loss and the continuous promotion of photovoltaic module internal loss to reduce photovoltaic module's efficiency and consumption, further influence the transmission loss of whole output and system.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a photovoltaic module and a photovoltaic module array, which are at least beneficial to improving the problem of overlarge total transmission loss of the photovoltaic module.
The embodiment of the application provides a photovoltaic module, including: the photovoltaic module is provided with a first direction and a second direction which are opposite, and the number of the battery pieces in the first direction is larger than that of the battery pieces in the second direction; the plurality of battery strings comprise a first battery string and a second battery string, and the battery strings are formed by connecting battery pieces in series; the diode comprises a first diode and a second diode, the first diode is connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the first battery string through a first bus bar, and in the second direction, the first diode is close to the edge of the photovoltaic module; the second diode is positioned between the battery strings in the middle of the photovoltaic module in the second direction; in the first direction, the distance between the first diode and the second diode is greater than or equal to 1/2 of the length of the photovoltaic module in the first direction; the first bus bar is at a distance from the edge of the photovoltaic module in the second direction of less than or equal to 1/4 of the length of the photovoltaic module in the second direction.
In addition, in the second direction, the distance between the first diode and the second diode is greater than or equal to 1/4 of the length of the photovoltaic module in the second direction and less than or equal to 1/2 of the length of the photovoltaic module in the second direction.
In addition, in the second direction, the distance between the first diode and the second diode is more than or equal to 3/8 of the length of the photovoltaic module in the second direction.
In addition, the number of the battery pieces in the battery string is 3-90, and the battery pieces are sliced batteries, including two-piece, three-piece, four-piece and the like.
In addition, the photovoltaic module further includes: and the distance between the leading-out end and the first bus bar in the second direction is 5-30 mm.
In addition, the photovoltaic module further includes: an opposite front side and back side; the isolation layer and the first bus bar are positioned on the back surface of the photovoltaic module, the isolation layer is positioned between the photovoltaic module and the first bus bar, and the isolation layer is made of insulating materials. A step of
In addition, the photovoltaic module further includes: a second bus bar connected to the first bus bar, the second bus bar including a first portion and a second portion; the second battery string is divided into a first sub-battery string and a second sub-battery string in a second direction, and the first sub-battery string and the second sub-battery string are parallel to each other in the first direction; a first portion of the second bus bar connects the second diode and a first sub-string of the second string, and a second portion of the second bus bar connects the second diode and a second sub-string of the second string; the first portion and the second portion are spaced apart in a first direction.
In addition, the distance between the first part and the second part in the first direction is smaller than or equal to the width of the battery piece in the first direction.
In addition, the photovoltaic module further includes: the third diode is connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the third battery string through the third bus bar, and the third bus bar is connected with the first bus bar and the second bus bar.
Correspondingly, the embodiment of the application also provides a photovoltaic module array, which comprises: a plurality of photovoltaic modules connected in series, the photovoltaic modules being any one of the photovoltaic modules described above; and the junction box is positioned on the back of the photovoltaic module.
In addition, the terminal box includes first terminal box and second terminal box, and first terminal box comprises diode, box body and connector socket, and the second terminal box is by another diode, box body, cable and connector, and the connector is connected with adjacent photovoltaic module's connector socket.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application has at least the following advantages:
in the technical scheme of the photovoltaic module provided by the embodiment of the application, the distance between the first diode and the second diode is larger than or equal to 1/2 of the length of the photovoltaic module in the first direction, which is equivalent to the number of the battery pieces of the battery strings connected in reverse parallel with the first diode or the second diode, so that the situation that the number of the battery pieces connected in parallel with the diodes is excessive, and then the number of the battery pieces exceeds the reverse bias limit of the solar battery, and the photovoltaic module is damaged can be avoided; the first diode is close to the edge of the assembly and the distance from the first bus bar to the edge of the photovoltaic assembly in the second direction is less than or equal to 1/4 of the length of the photovoltaic assembly in the second direction, so that the length of the first bus bar can be greatly shortened, the minimum transmission loss is ensured, the length of the first bus bar is shortened, the internal resistance of the photovoltaic assembly is reduced, and the total transmission loss of the photovoltaic assembly is lower. In the assembly between the battery modules or in the photovoltaic module array, the first diode is close to the edge of the module and the distance from the first bus bar to the edge of the photovoltaic module in the second direction is less than or equal to 1/4 of the length of the photovoltaic module in the second direction, so that the cable length on the junction box can be greatly shortened, the internal resistance of the junction box and the series resistance of the photovoltaic module are reduced, the stability of the junction box and the photovoltaic module is improved, the assembly between the battery modules is more convenient, the production cost is reduced, the risks of short circuit and open circuit are reduced, and the problem of overlarge total transmission loss of the photovoltaic module is also improved.
Drawings
One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example and not limitation in the figures of the accompanying drawings, in which like references indicate similar elements, and in which the figures of the drawings are not to be taken in a limiting sense, unless otherwise indicated.
Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit connection diagram of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the back side of a photovoltaic module according to one embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is an enlarged view of an outlet end of a photovoltaic module and a first bus bar according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 4 is a top view of an outlet end and a first bus bar of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a second bus bar of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a second bus bar of a photovoltaic module according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a first junction box according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a second junction box according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, as will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art, in the various embodiments of the present application, numerous technical details have been set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the present application. However, the technical solutions claimed in the present application can be implemented without these technical details and with various changes and modifications based on the following embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, fig. 1 is a schematic circuit connection diagram of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present application; FIG. 2 is a top view of the back side of a photovoltaic module according to one embodiment of the present disclosure; fig. 3 is an enlarged view of an outlet end of a photovoltaic module and a first bus bar according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; fig. 4 is a top view of an outlet end and a first bus bar of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present application, and fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a second bus bar of the photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present application, where the photovoltaic module includes: the photovoltaic module is provided with a first direction Y and a second direction X which are opposite, and the number of the battery pieces in the first direction Y is larger than that in the second direction X; a plurality of battery strings including a first battery string 301 and a second battery string 302, the battery strings being formed by battery plates connected in series; the diode comprises a first diode 211 and a second diode 221, wherein the first diode 211 is connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the first battery string 301 through a first bus bar, and in the second direction X, the first diode 211 is close to the edge of the photovoltaic module; the second diode 221 is located between the strings of cells in the middle of the photovoltaic module in the second direction X; in the first direction Y, a distance between the first diode 211 and the second diode 221 is 1/2 or more of a length of the photovoltaic module in the first direction Y; the distance from the first bus bar to the edge of the photovoltaic module in the second direction X is less than or equal to 1/4 of the length of the photovoltaic module in the second direction X.
The distance between the first diode 211 and the second diode 221 is greater than or equal to 1/2 of the length of the photovoltaic module in the first direction, which is equivalent to the moderate number of the battery pieces of the battery string connected in reverse parallel with the first diode 211 or the second diode 221, so that the excessive number of the battery pieces connected in parallel with the diodes can be avoided, and the number of the battery pieces exceeds the reverse bias limit of the solar battery, thereby damaging the photovoltaic module; the first diode 211 is close to the edge of the component and the distance from the first bus bar to the edge of the photovoltaic component in the second direction X is less than or equal to 1/4 of the length of the photovoltaic component in the second direction X, so that the length of the first bus bar can be greatly shortened, the minimum transmission loss is ensured, and the shortening of the length of the first bus bar is beneficial to reducing the internal resistance of the photovoltaic component, so that the total transmission loss of the photovoltaic component is lower. In the assembly between the battery modules or in the photovoltaic module array, the first diode 211 is close to the edge of the module and the distance from the first bus bar to the edge of the photovoltaic module in the second direction X is less than or equal to 1/4 of the length of the photovoltaic module in the second direction X, so that the cable length on the junction box can be greatly shortened, the internal resistance of the junction box and the series resistance of the photovoltaic module are reduced, the stability of the junction box and the photovoltaic module is improved, the assembly between the battery modules is more convenient, the production cost is reduced, the risks of short circuit and open circuit are reduced, and the problem of overlarge total transmission loss of the photovoltaic module is also improved. In some embodiments, the photovoltaic module further comprises: the plurality of battery strings constitute a battery array, and the first battery string 301 includes a plurality of battery packs connected in parallel. The battery array is a photovoltaic array of a photovoltaic module, and the photovoltaic array module directly converts solar energy into electric energy according to a photoelectric effect principle. In some embodiments, the first battery string 301 includes two sets, a third sub-battery string 303 and a fourth sub-battery string 304, respectively; the third sub-battery string 303 and the fourth sub-battery string 304 each include three battery packs connected in parallel, specifically, the third sub-battery string 303 includes three first battery packs 401, 402, 403; the fourth sub-battery string 304 includes second battery packs 404, 405, 406.
In some embodiments, the second battery string 302 is divided into a first sub-battery string and a second sub-battery string in the second direction X, the first sub-battery string and the second sub-battery string are parallel to each other in the first direction, the first sub-battery string and the second sub-battery string are connected to form the second battery string 302, and the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the second battery string 302 are respectively connected to the third sub-battery string 303 and the fourth sub-battery string 304 to form a battery array with a rectangular overall shape.
In some embodiments, the battery packs are arranged side by side, specifically, the third sub-battery string 303 and the fourth sub-battery string 304 are arranged side by side, that is: three first battery packs 401, 402, 403 and three second battery packs 404, 405, 406 are arranged adjacent side by side.
In some embodiments, the photovoltaic module further comprises: the extraction end comprises a positive electrode extraction end 111 and a negative electrode extraction end 112; end bus bars 120, the end bus bars 120 are respectively arranged at the head end and the tail end of the battery array; the positive electrode lead-out terminal 111 is electrically connected to the positive electrode terminal of the battery array through one of the bus bars, and the negative electrode lead-out terminal 112 is electrically connected to the negative electrode terminal of the battery array through the other bus bar.
Specifically, each string of battery packs has a positive electrode and a negative electrode, and the terminal bus bar 120 includes a first terminal bus bar 121 and a second terminal bus bar 122. The positive and negative directions of the three first battery packs 401, 402, 403 are the same, the positive ends of the first battery packs 401, 402, 403 are connected by the first terminal bus bar 121 as the positive end of the third sub-battery string 303, and the negative ends of the first battery packs 401, 402, 403 are connected as the negative end of the third sub-battery string 303. The positive and negative directions of the three second battery packs 404, 405, 406 are the same, the positive terminals of the second battery packs 404, 405, 406 are connected as the positive terminal of the fourth sub-battery string 304, and the negative terminals of the second battery packs 404, 405, 406 are connected as the negative terminal of the fourth sub-battery string 304 through the second terminal bus bar 122. The third sub-battery string 303 and the fourth sub-battery string 304 have opposite positive and negative directions. The negative electrode of the third sub-cell string 303 is positioned on the same side as the positive electrode of the fourth sub-cell string 304 and is connected through an interconnection bar.
Further, the lead-out terminals further include a first lead-out terminal connected to the positive terminal of the third sub-cell string 303, a second lead-out terminal connected to the negative terminal of the third sub-cell string 303 and the positive terminal of the fourth sub-cell string 304, and a third lead-out terminal connected to the negative terminal of the fourth sub-cell string 304. The first leading-out end is a positive electrode leading-out end 111 of the photovoltaic module, the third leading-out end is a negative electrode leading-out end 112 of the photovoltaic module, namely, the positive electrode leading-out end 111 is electrically connected with the positive electrode end of the battery array, and the negative electrode leading-out end 112 is electrically connected with the negative electrode end of the battery array.
In some embodiments, the first diode 211 is connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the first battery string 301 through the first bus bar, specifically, one end of the first diode 211 is electrically connected to the first bus bar, the other end of the first diode 211 is electrically connected to the lead-out terminal 111, where the electrical connection between the other end of the first diode 211 and the positive lead-out terminal 111 is equivalent to that the first diode 211 is connected to the positive electrode of the first battery string 301, the electrical connection between the other end of the first diode 211 and the negative lead-out terminal 112 is equivalent to that the first diode 211 is connected to the negative electrode of the first battery string 301, the third sub-battery string 303 has a first portion 313 and a second portion 323 which are equally divided, the first portion 313 is located at a side far from the fourth sub-battery string 304, and the positive lead-out terminal 111 is located in the first portion 313 of the third sub-battery string 303, that is the first diode 211 is located in the first portion 313; the fourth sub-string 304 has a third portion 314 and a fourth portion 324 that are equally divided, the fourth portion 324 being located on a side remote from the third sub-string 303, the negative terminal 112 being located on the fourth portion 324 of the fourth sub-string 304, i.e. the first diode 211 is located within the fourth portion 324. The first diode 211 is located in the first portion 313 of the third sub-string 303; the other first diode 211 is located in the fourth portion 324 of the fourth sub-string 304, or the positive terminal 111 is located in the first portion 313 of the third sub-string 303; the fourth portion 324 of the fourth sub-cell string 304, where the negative electrode lead-out 112 is located, can greatly reduce the lengths of the positive electrode lead-out 111 and the negative electrode lead-out 112, thereby reducing the internal resistance of the cell array in the photovoltaic module, and reducing the total output loss of the photovoltaic module. The first diode 211 is located at the first portion 313 of the third sub-battery string 303 during assembly between the battery modules; the fourth portion 324 of the fourth sub-battery string 304 of the second first diode 211 may also greatly reduce the cable length of the junction box, thereby reducing the transmission resistance, and improving the connection stability of the junction box and the positive electrode lead-out terminal 111 or the connection stability of the junction box and the negative electrode lead-out terminal 112, so that the assembly between the battery modules is more convenient, which is beneficial to reducing the cost and the risk of short circuit and disconnection, and is also beneficial to improving the problem of overlarge total output loss of the photovoltaic module.
In some embodiments, in the first direction Y, the first diode 211 is located at an end of the battery array or the positive electrode lead-out terminal 111 and the negative electrode lead-out terminal 112 are located at an end of the battery array, reducing the lengths of the positive electrode lead-out terminal 111 and the negative electrode lead-out terminal 112, reducing the internal resistance of the photovoltaic module, and thus reducing the transmission loss of the photovoltaic module. In other embodiments, one of the positive terminal 111 or the negative terminal 112 is located at the end of the cell array. It should be noted that, the specific positions of the positive electrode terminal 111 and the negative electrode terminal 112 parallel to the first direction Y of the photovoltaic module are not limited in this application, and only the first diode 211 is required to be close to the edge along the second direction X.
In some embodiments, in the second direction X, the distance between the first diode 211 and the second diode 221 is greater than or equal to 1/4 of the length of the photovoltaic module in the second direction X and less than or equal to 1/2 of the length of the photovoltaic module in the second direction X, more specifically, the distance between the first diode 211 and the second diode 221 is greater than or equal to 3/8, specifically, 3/8, 7/12, 4/9 or 1/2 of the length of the photovoltaic module in the second direction X, and the distance range is equivalent to the distance that further illustrates that the first diode 211 is close to the edge of the module and the first diode 211 is close to the edge of the module, so that the cable length in the junction box can be greatly shortened, the internal resistance of the junction box and the series resistance of the photovoltaic module are reduced, the firmness of the junction box and the photovoltaic module is improved, the assembly between the battery modules is more convenient, the production cost and the risk of short circuit and open circuit are reduced, and the problem of excessive total transmission loss of the photovoltaic module is also facilitated to be improved.
In some embodiments, when the number of parallel battery packs is an odd number, the middle position of the battery string at the outermost side of the battery array is the middle position of the battery pack. In other embodiments, when the number of parallel battery packs is even, the middle position of the battery string may be between adjacent battery packs.
In some embodiments, an insulating layer 113 is further included between the positive electrode lead-out terminal 111 and the battery string and between the negative electrode lead-out terminal 112 and the battery string set, where the positive electrode lead-out terminal 111 or the negative electrode lead-out terminal 112 is adhered and fixed to one surface of the insulating layer 113, and the other surface of the insulating layer 113 is attached to the back surface of the battery string, so as to realize insulation between the positive electrode lead-out terminal 111 or the negative electrode lead-out terminal 112 and the battery string, and avoid short circuit.
In some embodiments, the number of the battery pieces in the battery string is 3-90, and specifically can be 10 pieces, 30 pieces, 50 pieces, 70 pieces or 90 pieces; the battery piece is a slice battery and comprises two pieces, three pieces, four pieces and the like.
In some embodiments, the dimensions of the battery cells may be 156.75mm, 158.75mm, 166mm, 182mm, 210mm; the shape of the battery piece can be rectangular, round, square, near-sight rectangular and the like; the cell piece can be a monocrystalline silicon solar cell, a polycrystalline silicon solar cell, an amorphous silicon solar cell or a multi-element compound solar cell, and the multi-element compound solar cell can be a cadmium sulfide solar cell, a gallium arsenide solar cell, a copper indium selenium solar cell or a perovskite solar cell.
In some embodiments, the photovoltaic module further comprises a front side and a back side opposite to each other, the front side of the photovoltaic module is a light receiving surface of the solar cell, and the back side of the photovoltaic module is a backlight surface of the solar cell; the first bus bar is a bypass bus bar, and the bypass bus bar is positioned on the back surface of the photovoltaic module, so that the shielding area of the light receiving surface of the photovoltaic module is reduced, which is equivalent to increasing the effective light receiving area of the light receiving surface of the photovoltaic module, and is beneficial to improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module; the isolation layer 133, the isolation layer 133 is located the back of photovoltaic module, and isolation layer 133 is located between photovoltaic module and the first busbar, and isolation layer 133 adopts insulating material to make.
Specifically, in some embodiments, the width of the first bus bar in the second direction X ranges from 1mm to 20mm, and may specifically be 2mm, 5mm, 10mm, 15mm, or 20mm; the thickness of the first bus bar ranges from 0.1mm to 1mm, and specifically can be 0.1mm, 0.3mm, 0.5mm, 0.8mm or 1mm; the width of the isolation layer 133 ranges from 5mm to 30mm, and may be specifically 5mm, 10mm, 15mm, 20mm or 30mm; the thickness of the spacer layer 133 ranges from 0.1mm to 0.5mm, and may be specifically 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, or 0.5mm; the specific width ratio of the first bus line to the isolation layer 133 is not limited, and only the width of the isolation layer 133 is required to be greater than or equal to the width of the first bus line.
In some embodiments, the first bus bar includes a first bypass bus bar 131 and a second bypass bus bar 132, the first bypass bus bar 131 being in proximity to the positive lead-out 111; the second bypass bus bar 132 is adjacent to the negative electrode lead-out 112; in the second direction X, the distance between one end of the first bypass bus bar 131 and one end of the positive electrode lead-out terminal 111 away from the first end bus bar 121 is in the range of 5mm to 30mm, specifically may be 5mm, 10mm, 20mm, 25mm or 30mm; the distance between one end of the second bypass bus bar 132 and one end of the negative electrode lead-out terminal 112 away from the second end bus bar 122 is in the range of 5mm to 30mm, and specifically may be 5mm, 10mm, 20mm, 25mm, or 30mm. The distance between one end of the first bypass bus bar 131 and one end of the positive electrode lead-out terminal 111, which is far away from the first end bus bar 121, and the distance between one end of the second bypass bus bar 132 and one end of the negative electrode lead-out terminal 112, which is far away from the second end bus bar 122, ensure the connection stability of the junction box and the lead-out terminal, so that the assembly between the battery modules is more convenient.
In some embodiments, the first bus bar is located at the back of the battery pack of the battery string, in other embodiments, the first bus bar is located between adjacent battery packs, the specific position of the first bus bar is not limited in this application, and it is only required that the distance from the first bus bar to the edge of the photovoltaic module in the second direction X is less than or equal to 1/4 of the length of the photovoltaic module in the second direction X, and the distance between the lead-out end and the first bus bar is 5 mm-30 mm.
In some embodiments, the extending direction of the first bypass bus bar 131 is the same as the first direction Y; the extending direction of the second bypass bus bar 132 is the same as the first direction Y, which is equivalent to that of the first bypass bus bar 131 or the second bypass bus bar 132 being perpendicular to the extending direction of the end bus bar, so that the lengths of the first bypass bus bar 131 and the second bypass bus bar 132 can be greatly shortened, thereby reducing the internal resistance of the battery array in the photovoltaic module, and reducing the total output loss of the photovoltaic module. In other embodiments, the extending direction of the first bypass bus bar 131 is different from the first direction Y; the extending direction of the second bypass bus bar 132 is different from the first direction Y, and the extending direction of the first bypass bus bar 131 and the extending direction of the second bypass bus bar 132 are not limited in this application, and only the range of 5mm to 30mm between the lead-out terminal and the first bus bar is required.
In some embodiments, the first bus bar is adhered and fixed to one surface of the isolation layer 133, and the other surface of the isolation layer 133 is attached to the back surface of the photovoltaic module, and specifically, a layer of adhesive layer may be adhered to the front and back surfaces of the isolation layer 133 in advance, and the first bus bar may be adhered and fixed to the isolation layer 133 through the adhesive layer to form a whole. The adhesive layer can be an adhesive film with certain viscosity, such as POE adhesive film, and the surface of the adhesive film can be slightly melted after being heated, so that the surface of the adhesive film has certain viscosity, and the adhesive film is convenient to adhere. Because the side of the isolation layer 133 facing away from the first bus bar is also provided with an adhesive layer, the first bus bar can be adhered to the back surface of the photovoltaic module through the adhesive layer, so that the insulation between the first bus bar and the battery string is realized, and the short circuit is avoided.
In some embodiments, the photovoltaic module further comprises: and the second bus bar is a middle bus bar, and the middle bus bar is positioned on the back surface of the photovoltaic module and is connected with the corresponding first bus bar. The second bus bar prevents the number of cell strings connected in parallel with the end bus bar from being too large, exceeding the reverse bias limit of the cells, and further damaging the photovoltaic module. If the hot spot effect does not occur, the second bus bar does not pass current, so that the power of the component is not reduced, but the power of the component is slightly improved; if the assembly generates hot spot effect in the outdoor power generation, the second bus bar can provide more current paths for the current due to the principle that the current follows the lowest resistance path, so that other feasible paths of the current are ensured, the current is prevented from generating the hot spot, and the hot spot effect is reduced to achieve the purpose of increasing the power generation.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 5, the second bus bar is located at the back of the battery pack of the battery string, i.e., the second bus bar is located at the back of the battery cells; the width of the second bus bar in the first direction Y ranges from 1mm to 20mm, and may be specifically 1mm, 8mm, 15mm or 20mm; the thickness of the second bus bar ranges from 0.05mm to 0.6mm, and may specifically be 0.05mm, 0.1mm, 0.3mm, or 0.6mm. The width range and the thickness range of the second bus bar ensure that the cross section area of the second bus bar is enough for the current distribution of the parallel battery strings, so that the situation that the thin second bus bar possibly distributes excessive current and exceeds the safety current carrying capacity is avoided. The second bus bar is located the back of battery cluster, is equivalent to second bus bar wherein one side is laminated mutually with the battery cluster, and thickness scope can guarantee tightness and the compactness of follow-up encapsulation, and width scope makes the surface area of second bus bar big, is favorable to promoting the radiating effect of second bus bar.
In some embodiments, the second bus bar includes a first portion 141 and a second portion 142, the first portion 141 of the second bus bar connecting the second diode 221 and the first sub-battery string of the second battery string 302, the second portion 142 of the second bus bar connecting the second diode 221 and the second sub-battery string of the second battery string 302; the first portion 141 of the second bus bar and the second portion 142 of the second bus bar are arranged at intervals in the first direction Y, and because the distances between the first portion 141 and the second portion 142 of the second bus bar and the negative electrode or the output end of the photovoltaic module are different, potential differences exist between the first portion 141 and the second portion 142, and the first portion 141 and the second portion 142 are arranged at intervals in the first direction Y, so that the situation that the voltage of the potential differences is low is avoided, and the output efficiency of the photovoltaic module is improved.
In some embodiments, the distance between the first portion 141 of the second bus bar and the second portion 142 of the second bus bar in the first direction Y is less than or equal to the width of the battery piece in the first direction Y, the first portion 141 and the second portion 142 are connected through the second diode 221, and the distance range can ensure the connection firmness of the first portion 141 and the second portion 142 and the second diode 221, so that the problem of excessive loss of the photovoltaic module can be improved.
In other embodiments, referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a second bus bar of the photovoltaic module according to other embodiments of the present disclosure, where the second bus bar is located between adjacent cell strings, that is, the second bus bar is located in a region without a cell sheet; the width of the second bus bar in the first direction Y ranges from 1mm to 8mm, and may be specifically 1mm, 3mm, 6mm or 8mm; the thickness of the second bus bar ranges from 0.05mm to 4mm, and may specifically be 0.05mm, 0.1mm, 1mm, or 4mm. The width range and the thickness range of the second bus bar ensure that the cross section area of the second bus bar is enough for the current distribution of the parallel battery strings, so that the situation that the thin second bus bar possibly distributes excessive current and exceeds the safety current carrying capacity is avoided. The second bus bars are positioned between the adjacent battery strings, the width range of the second bus bars corresponds to the distance between the adjacent battery strings, and the thickness range enables the surface area of the second bus bars to be large, so that the heat dissipation effect of the second bus bars is improved.
In some embodiments, the first region 21 and the second region 22 are junction box mounting locations, the first diode 211 is located in the first region 21, and the second diode 221 is located in the second region 22.
In some embodiments, the photovoltaic module further comprises: a third diode, a third battery string, and a third bus bar, the third battery string being located between the first battery string 301 and the second battery string 302, the third diode being connected to a positive electrode and a negative electrode of the third battery string through the third bus bar, the third bus bar being connected to the first bus bar and the second bus bar; the third bus bar includes a fourth bypass bus bar and a fifth bypass bus bar. It is noted that the first diode 211, the second diode 221 and the third diode form a series structure from the positive output terminal to the negative output terminal of the component.
According to the photovoltaic module provided by some embodiments of the present application, the distance between the first diode 211 and the second diode 221 is greater than or equal to 1/2 of the length of the photovoltaic module in the first direction, which is equivalent to the number of the battery pieces of the battery string connected in reverse parallel with the first diode 211 or the second diode 221, so that the excessive number of the battery pieces connected in parallel with the diodes can be avoided, and the limit of the reverse bias voltage of the solar battery is exceeded, and the photovoltaic module is damaged; the first diode 211 is close to the edge of the component and the distance from the first bus bar to the edge of the photovoltaic component in the second direction X is less than or equal to 1/4 of the length of the photovoltaic component in the second direction X, so that the length of the first bus bar can be greatly shortened, the minimum transmission loss is ensured, and the shortening of the length of the first bus bar is beneficial to reducing the internal resistance of the photovoltaic component, so that the total transmission loss of the photovoltaic component is lower. In the assembly between the battery modules or in the photovoltaic module array, the first diode 211 is close to the edge of the module and the distance from the first bus bar to the edge of the photovoltaic module in the second direction X is less than or equal to 1/4 of the length of the photovoltaic module in the second direction X, so that the cable length on the junction box can be greatly shortened, the internal resistance of the junction box and the series resistance of the photovoltaic module are reduced, the stability of the junction box and the photovoltaic module is improved, the assembly between the battery modules is more convenient, the production cost is reduced, the risks of short circuit and open circuit are reduced, and the problem of overlarge total transmission loss of the photovoltaic module is also improved.
Correspondingly, the application also provides a photovoltaic module array, which comprises: a plurality of photovoltaic modules connected in series, the photovoltaic modules being any one of the photovoltaic modules described above; and the junction box is positioned on the back of the photovoltaic module.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 7 and 8, fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a first junction box provided in an embodiment of the present application, and fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a second junction box provided in an embodiment of the present application, where the junction box includes a first junction box and a second junction box, the first junction box is composed of a connector socket 212, a box body 210 and a first diode 211 located in the box body 210, the connector socket 212 is connected with the first diode 211 and extends to the outside of the box body 210, one end of the first diode 211 is electrically connected with the positive electrode lead-out terminal 111 or the negative electrode lead-out terminal 112, and the other end of the first diode 211 is electrically connected with a first bus bar. The case 210 has a connection passage 214 connected to the connector socket 212 and a first case bottom 215 in contact with the surface of the battery string, and the region of the connector socket 212 in contact with the first diode 211 constitutes a contact end 213; in some embodiments, the second junction box has a first diode 211, a connector 222, a second box 220, and a cable 226, the second box 220 has a connection channel 224 connected to the connector 222, and a second box bottom 225 in contact with the surface of the battery string, and the connector 222 is connected to the connector socket 212 of an adjacent photovoltaic module.
In some embodiments, the connector socket 212 is connected with the first diode 211 to reduce the number of solder joints between the cable and the diode, connector, which is advantageous for reducing the contact resistance of the cable and the diode, connector, and thus for reducing transmission losses in high current assemblies.
In other embodiments, the first junction box is electrically connected to the negative electrode lead-out terminal 112, specifically, one end of the first diode 211 is electrically connected to the negative electrode lead-out terminal 112, and the other end of the first diode 211 is electrically connected to the second bypass bus bar 132; the second junction box is electrically connected to the positive electrode lead-out terminal 111, specifically, one end of another first diode 211 is electrically connected to the positive electrode lead-out terminal 111, and the other end of the first diode 211 is electrically connected to the first bypass bus bar 131.
It will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the foregoing embodiments are specific examples of implementing the present application and that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and the scope of the invention shall be defined by the appended claims.
Claims (11)
1. A photovoltaic module, comprising:
the photovoltaic module is provided with a first direction and a second direction which are opposite, and the number of the battery pieces in the first direction is larger than that of the battery pieces in the second direction;
the battery strings comprise a first battery string and a second battery string, and the battery strings are formed by connecting the battery pieces in series;
the first diode is connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the first battery string through a first bus bar, and in the second direction, the first diode is close to the edge of the photovoltaic module;
the second diode is positioned between the battery strings in the middle of the photovoltaic module in the second direction;
the distance between the first diode and the second diode in the first direction is more than or equal to 1/2 of the length of the photovoltaic module in the first direction;
the distance between the first bus bar and the edge of the photovoltaic module in the second direction is less than or equal to 1/4 of the length of the photovoltaic module in the second direction.
2. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that a distance between the first diode and the second diode in the second direction is 1/4 or more and 1/2 or less of a length of the photovoltaic module in the second direction.
3. The photovoltaic module of claim 2, wherein in the second direction, a distance between the first diode and the second diode is 3/8 or more of a length of the photovoltaic module in the second direction.
4. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein the number of the battery pieces in the battery string is 3-90, and the battery pieces are sliced batteries, including two-piece, three-piece, four-piece, and the like.
5. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, further comprising: and the distance between the leading-out end and the first bus bar in the second direction is 5-30 mm.
6. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, further comprising:
an opposite front side and back side;
the isolation layer and the first bus bar are positioned on the back surface of the photovoltaic module, the isolation layer is positioned between the photovoltaic module and the first bus bar, and the isolation layer is made of insulating materials.
7. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, further comprising:
a second bus bar connected with the first bus bar, the second bus bar including a first portion and a second portion;
the second battery string is divided into a first sub-battery string and a second sub-battery string in the second direction, and the first sub-battery string and the second sub-battery string are parallel to each other in the first direction;
a first portion of the second bus bar connects the second diode and a first sub-battery string of the second battery string, and a second portion of the second bus bar connects the second diode and a second sub-battery string of the second battery string;
the first portion and the second portion are spaced apart in the first direction.
8. The photovoltaic assembly of claim 7, wherein a spacing between the first portion and the second portion in the first direction is less than or equal to a width of the cell in the first direction.
9. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, further comprising: the third diode is connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the third battery string through the third bus bar, and the third bus bar is connected with the first bus bar and the second bus bar.
10. A photovoltaic module array, comprising:
a plurality of photovoltaic modules in series, the photovoltaic modules being as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9;
and the junction box is positioned on the back of the photovoltaic module.
11. The plurality of series connected photovoltaic modules of claim 10, wherein the junction box comprises a first junction box comprised of the diode, a box body, and a connector receptacle, and a second junction box comprised of another of the diode, box body, cable, and connector that connects with a connector receptacle of an adjacent photovoltaic module.
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