CN114386992A - Grain and oil quality safety credible traceability method based on block chain and identification analysis - Google Patents
Grain and oil quality safety credible traceability method based on block chain and identification analysis Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a grain and oil quality safety credible tracing method based on a block chain and identification analysis, which relates to the fields of block chain, industrial internet identification analysis, grain and oil food safety and the like, and specifically comprises the following steps: constructing a supply chain consisting of planting, processing, warehousing, logistics and selling aiming at a certain grain and oil food product S, recording information of each link, and uploading a block chain after verification by using an intelligent contract; then, based on an industrial internet identification analysis technology, respectively generating identification codes corresponding to all links by utilizing information of all links of the product S; in the circulation process of the product S in the supply chain, a quality monitoring department and a consumer scan the identity codes corresponding to all links, and after analysis, the product S is compared and inquired whether the product S is safe or not; finally, based on the block chain and the identification analysis, the safe and credible traceability of the product S is realized; the invention realizes the safety and the transparence of data, and realizes the acquisition, the query, the tracing and the monitoring of enterprise information in each link of a grain and oil food supply chain through an intelligent contract.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the fields of block chains, industrial internet identification analysis, grain and oil food safety and the like, in particular to a grain and oil quality safety credible traceability method based on the block chains and the identification analysis.
Background
The grain products comprise rice, corn, wheat, soybean and finished products thereof, the oil food comprises palm oil, soybean oil, rape oil, corn oil and other grease, and the like, is necessary in the life of residents in China, ensures the safety of the grain and oil food supply, and has great significance for the life health of the nation and the harmonious development of the society and the nation.
Currently, the main disadvantages of the traceability of the food and grain supply chain information are:
1. the grain and oil products have various types and quantity and large traceability data volume
The general food supply chain tracing is as follows: tracing one or more links of a food supply chain; the grain and oil food supply chain traceability comprises data information and supervision information of each enterprise related to five links of planting, storing, processing, transporting and selling in a supply chain, derivative links of each link, such as a production link, also comprise primary processing technologies of drying, impurity removal and the like, and the enterprise needing to be traced is multiple in number, multiple in links, complex in data, large in data amount, large in traceability resource consumption, low in speed, difficult to trace to the source and low in efficiency.
2. Grain and oil food traceability information is easy to tamper with
The existing traceability system adopts a centralized control mode. The traceability of the food and grain supply chain information is mainly managed and maintained by an authority, and in the process of recording the supply chain information into a database, managers in the authority can falsify, falsify and delete the data due to own interests; if the product has quality problems, the related enterprises can also have behaviors of fictitious, falsification and data deletion in order to escape from responsibility; all data of an enterprise are stored in the central database, and once the central database is attacked by hackers and the like, the data of the central database is damaged, so that the data security is not ensured.
3. The data centralization is serious, and the tracing information is difficult to share
In the grain and oil food supply chain information traceability process, traceability enterprises in all links of a supply chain need to participate together and provide grain and oil food supply chain traceability information, however, in the existing grain and oil food supply chain traceability system, data barriers exist in all links of the supply chain, data cannot be circulated, data centralization is serious, a user in the current link can only inquire the traceability information of the previous link, namely, a processing enterprise can only inquire the information of a planting enterprise, the reliability of data provided by a downstream enterprise to an upstream enterprise is difficult to verify, data sharing of all links is difficult, the correctness of the data cannot be guaranteed, and the data is not open and transparent; therefore, information islands among enterprises are formed, and improvement is needed in the aspect of guaranteeing the authenticity and effectiveness of the source tracing data.
The grain and oil food supply chain information traceability characteristic analysis shows that the variety of the grain and oil food is more, different products are often from different production enterprises, even if the same product can be from different enterprises, the coding modes of the products in different enterprises are greatly different, and the problem of difficult uniform product management is caused.
In order to realize unique traceability of data of each link, products need to be named unambiguously. The industrial internet identification analysis technology is used for connecting production elements such as equipment, machines and materials in the industry by establishing a uniform identification system, and connecting and applying the fractured data through the analysis system, so that the source, the flow process, the application and other information of the data are mastered, the industrial internet identification analysis technology and the block chain technology are fused and applied to the grain and oil food supply chain traceability system, the problems of difficult traceability, incapability of comprehensively acquiring the data, data safety and the like in the current traceability system can be effectively solved, and a feasible solution is provided for truly realizing the quality safety traceability of the grain and oil food full supply chain.
However, the grain and oil food quality safety credible traceability research based on the industrial internet identification analysis system and the block chain technology is still independently developed, and how to organically integrate the two technologies is a problem which needs to be solved in the industry at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a grain and oil quality safety credible traceability method based on a block chain and identification analysis, which aims at planting, processing, storage, logistics and selling links of a grain and oil food supply chain and integrates the block chain technology and an industrial internet identification technology, so as to solve the problems faced by enterprise data information of the grain and oil supply chain at present: the method has the advantages that the data centralization structure is serious, the data safety is low, information islands exist, the data tracing efficiency is low, and the like, the method ensures that the data uploaded by enterprises in a supply chain link is safe and reliable, the tracing information is accurate and credible, the tracing efficiency is improved, and accurate information can be simply and quickly inquired.
The grain and oil quality safety credible traceability method based on block chain and identification analysis comprises the following specific steps:
step one, aiming at a certain grain and oil food product S, constructing a supply chain consisting of five links of planting, processing, warehousing, logistics and selling, recording relevant information of each link, and storing the relevant information in a local database;
the relevant information of the planting link comprises: planting time, harvesting time, product batch, fertilizer use condition, heavy metal content and the like.
The relevant information of the processing link comprises: processing factory information, processing related personnel, environment real-time temperature, environment real-time humidity, product numbers, processing procedures and the like.
The related information of the warehousing link comprises: the warehouse system comprises warehouse enterprise information, warehouse addresses, warehouse personnel, warehouse serial numbers, warehouse-in and warehouse-out time and the like.
The related information of the logistics link comprises: city and destination of the route, internal sanitation of the transport vehicle, environmental temperature in the vehicle, transport vehicle and transport personnel, and the like.
Relevant information of the sales links includes: a name of the selling merchant, a merchant address, a merchant contact, a selling location, a salesperson, and the like.
Secondly, verifying relevant information of each link by using an intelligent contract and uploading the information to a block chain;
the intelligent contract comprises: customizing the intelligent contract and customizing the intelligent contract;
customizing an intelligent contract, formulating a limiting condition and setting a detection index according to related laws and specifications of the grain industry, and deploying the intelligent contract to a block chain network; when relevant information is uploaded in each link of a supply chain, an intelligent contract is customized to judge uploaded data, and when the quality index does not meet a preset detection condition, the uploaded data is sent to a monitoring party; otherwise, allowing the data of each link to be uploaded to the block chain;
customized intelligent contracts are about intelligent contracts that are customized for enterprises with special needs. The special requirements comprise definition of special privacy information and requirements of quality standards of different grain and oil food.
The block chain is composed of a block data structure corresponding to each link, and the block data structure comprises a block head and a block body; arranging the Hash values corresponding to the father block heads in all the block heads according to a time sequence, and connecting the adjacent blocks end to form a block chain;
the Hash value is: each link uploads key data in all data acquired by the link, and the key data is encrypted through Hash calculation;
the block head packages the hash value of the previous block, the version number of the current block, the timestamp, the Merkle root, the target hash value and the like;
the block body comprises a brief abstract, an identification code, a hash value of complete data and a hash value of a previous block of each link.
Thirdly, based on an industrial internet identification analysis technology, generating a corresponding identification code for each link by using the relevant information of each link of the product S, and storing the identification codes to a block chain;
the generation process of the identity code is as follows:
firstly, each link of a supply chain sends related information of each link to a coding manager;
and then, the code manager checks and distributes the identification codes to all the applied links according to the identification code rule.
Identification of the coding format: country code/industry code/enterprise code/object code/security code;
the country code, the industry code and the enterprise code form an identification prefix, and the object code and the security code form an identification suffix; the identifier prefix is required to accord with the identifier analysis system plan; the length of each code segment, the data type and the identification suffix are all formulated by the industry or enterprises according to actual application and business requirements and are used for uniquely identifying the identification object.
Finally, each link provides carrier tape media of the identification codes according to the requirements of the link, and the identification equipment carries out code spraying on each carrier tape media to obtain the unique identification code of each link and uploads the unique identification code to the block chain.
The marking device comprises an ink jet printer, a laser ink jet printer, a TTO thermal transfer printing or high-resolution ink jet printer and the like.
The identity identification code is a two-dimensional code or a bar code and the like.
Step four, in the circulation process of the product S in the supply chain, a quality monitoring department and a consumer scan the identity codes corresponding to all links, and after analysis, the product S is compared and inquired whether the product S is safe or not;
the specific process is as follows:
firstly, generating a unique planting identification code by the planting link data information of the product S through an industrial internet identification analysis system, transmitting the unique planting identification code to a processing link for scanning and identification, comparing the unique planting identification code with a planting identification code stored in a block chain, packing the data of the processing link and the data of a production link by the processing link after matching, uploading the data and carrying out consensus verification, creating a new identification code A0 to upload the data to the block chain, and transmitting the new identification code A0 to a warehousing link;
scanning and identifying a new identification code A0 by the warehousing link, comparing the new identification code with a processing link identification code stored in a block chain, packing the data of the link per se and the data transmitted by the previous link after matching, uploading the data and carrying out consensus verification, creating a new identification code A1 again, uploading the new identification code A1 to the block chain, and transmitting the new identification code A1 to the logistics link;
similarly, the logistics link scans and identifies a new identification code A1, and by comparing the new identification code with the storage identification code stored in the block chain, after matching, the data of the link and the data transmitted by the previous link are packed together, uploaded and subjected to consensus verification, a new identification code A2 is created again and uploaded to the block chain, and the new identification code A2 is continuously transmitted to the sales link.
And scanning and identifying a new identification code A2 in the sales link, comparing the new identification code with the logistics link identification code stored in the block chain, packaging the data of the link with the data transmitted by the previous link after matching, uploading the data and carrying out consensus verification, and establishing a new identification code A3 again and uploading the new identification code to the block chain.
After buying the grain and oil food, a consumer scans the final two-dimensional identification code A3, checks important data, inquires the quality of the product S in each link, and judges whether the product reaches the standard, whether harmful substances exist, and whether the product is stolen or replaced and data is counterfeited.
In the circulation process of a supply chain, a quality inspection department randomly checks the identification code of each link, obtains related data of the current link after scanning the identification code of the current link and analyzing the data by an industrial internet identification analysis system, and verifies whether the identification code of the current link is falsified and misprinted in the circulation process and whether the identification code is matched with product information or not by comparing the identification code of the current link with related information of the link stored in a block chain; if the data contents of the two parties are different, the problems of the grain and oil food in the transportation and circulation process are shown, and the forward tracing and responsibility tracing are directly carried out; and if the data are matched, continuing to perform subsequent product circulation.
Fifthly, based on the block chain and the identification analysis, the safe and credible traceability of the product S is realized;
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the consumer registers and uploads or inquires the related data of the product S after identity identification; after the verification, partial inquiry authority is granted to a supervision department, an enterprise and a consumer, and after the authorization of the enterprise is obtained, the consumer further inquires the related data information of the product S;
firstly, calling an identification code of an abstract of data information of the product S from a local database, analyzing the identification code through an identification analyzing system to obtain the abstract information of the data, positioning a block where the data is located through the identification code, and calling the block to inquire a hash value of complete information of the data through an intelligent contract;
the consumer compares the inquired hash value with the hash value generated by the data obtained in the local database, if the comparison result is consistent, the data is proved to be real and reliable without being tampered, and the authenticity of the data is determined; otherwise, the data is indicated to be tampered.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the invention relates to a grain and oil quality safety credible traceability method based on a block chain and identification analysis, which can solve the problem of difficult communication caused by the non-uniform identification system among enterprises by combining an industrial internet identification analysis system, so that the enterprises are more willing to upload enterprise data to the block chain through the industrial internet identification analysis system, and the problem of comprehensive data source is solved; has certain guiding function for subsequent research.
2. The invention relates to a grain and oil quality safety credible traceability method based on block chain and identification analysis, which combines a block chain technology and can realize data safety circulation by means of a distributed storage mode and a common mechanism in the block chain; the method realizes the tracing or query of consumers to the planting, processing, transporting, storing and selling processes of grain and oil food at any time, and fundamentally solves the problem of food safety.
3. The invention relates to a grain and oil quality safety credible traceability method based on a block chain and identification analysis, which takes the situations of large data volume and complexity of enterprises in a supply chain into consideration and uploads a hash value of complete data to the block chain. The abstract information of the data is stored in the block chain system through an identification analysis technology, and the problems of safety and data tampering after the data is shared are solved, so that the operation cost and efficiency of the traceability system are guaranteed.
4. The invention relates to a grain and oil quality safety credible traceability method based on block chain and identification analysis, which combines a block chain technology and an industrial internet identification technology to more quickly and effectively locate a link of safety accident occurrence, which can not be realized by the traditional traceability.
5. The grain and oil quality safety credible traceability method based on the block chain and identification analysis is high in applicability, traceability of supply chain information can be achieved for different types of grain and oil food including wheat, corn, rice, peanut oil and the like, powerful support is provided for innovative business application based on comprehensive and credible big data, and the method has universal applicability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a grain and oil quality security credible traceability method based on block chain and identification analysis of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of five links of a grain and oil food supply chain constructed in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an industrial Internet identity resolution system based on the grain and oil food industry according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a credible traceability model of a full supply chain of grain and oil food;
Detailed Description
The following describes in detail a specific embodiment of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
The industrial internet identification analysis technology is an effective means for solving an information isolated island and realizing data aggregation. The invention provides an industrial internet identification analysis scheme suitable for grain and oil food full supply chain information safety based on the grain and oil food industry. The identification codes are used for endowing the physical object and the virtual object with unique identifications, information barriers are broken through, cross-system, cross-enterprise and cross-industry data interconnection and intercommunication, data traceability and data mining analysis are achieved, and comprehensive collection of traceability data of a grain and oil food supply chain can be achieved.
Under the block chain system, each node independently exists, the decentralized characteristic is presented, the central system is not needed, the information data storage cost is saved, and the operation efficiency is improved. The block chain technology book type distribution can reduce the cost of enterprises in the aspect of food safety traceability and improve the enthusiasm of the enterprises participating in national food safety management; the invention designs a block data structure related to the grain, oil and food industry, can solve the problem of difficult data safety intercommunication, promotes the grain, oil and food full-chain information intercommunication and ensures the safety and the accuracy of data.
The grain and oil quality safety credible traceability method based on block chain and identification analysis comprises the following specific steps as shown in figure 1:
step one, aiming at a certain grain and oil food product S, constructing a supply chain consisting of five links of planting, processing, warehousing, logistics and selling, recording relevant information of each link, and storing the relevant information in a local database;
by knowing related grain and oil food enterprises and investigating and researching the production and processing flows of grain and oil food plants and related enterprises on the spot, a grain and oil food supply chain link consisting of a planting link, a processing link, a storage link, a logistics link and a sales link is designed, as shown in fig. 2, information acquired by different companies in each link is different, acquired data is complex, and the enterprises carry out chain linking on the acquired data in a classified manner.
The planting link refers to planting, cultivating, harvesting and the like of the grain and oil food, and recording relevant information of the grain and oil food; the method comprises the following steps: planting time, harvesting time, product batch, fertilizer use condition, heavy metal content and the like.
The processing link comprises the work of drying, impurity removal, processing and the like of the harvested products and the recording of relevant information; the method comprises the following steps: processing factory information, processing related personnel, environment real-time temperature, environment real-time humidity, product numbers, processing procedures and the like.
The storage link records the storage related information, including: the warehouse system comprises warehouse enterprise information, warehouse addresses, warehouse personnel, warehouse serial numbers, warehouse-in and warehouse-out time and the like.
The logistics link comprises the harvest products and the logistics transportation related information of the finished products after the harvest products are processed, and comprises the following steps: city and destination of the route, internal sanitation of the transport vehicle, environmental temperature in the vehicle, transport vehicle and transport personnel, and the like.
The selling link refers to relevant information for selling finished products after processing, and comprises the following steps: a name of the selling merchant, a merchant address, a merchant contact, a selling location, a salesperson, and the like.
The data are verified and then stored in the constructed traceability system, so that a complete and real database is established, the complete traceability of the whole supply flow of each product can be realized, and the traceability of the whole supply link from grain and oil food planting to finished product sale is further completed.
Secondly, verifying relevant information of each link by using an intelligent contract and uploading the information to a block chain;
the intelligent contract comprises: customizing the intelligent contract and customizing the intelligent contract;
after the enterprises in all links of the grain and oil supply chain obtain the uploading authority, the enterprises can upload the required data. The customized intelligent contracts are mainly defined conditions established according to related laws and specifications, and different functions are triggered when different conditions are met. Taking a wheat supply chain as an example, when an intelligent contract is compiled, detection indexes such as aflatoxin B1 which is less than or equal to 10ug, moisture content, impurity content and the like are set according to the grain industry standard, and the intelligent contract is deployed to a block chain network. When information is uploaded, the node calls a related intelligent contract to process the uploaded data, the preset data access condition is not met, the system uploads the data information to a monitoring party, and if the quality index meets the preset data access condition, the uploading is allowed; the method is beneficial to enterprises and supervision departments to find and process problems in time and avoid quality safety events.
The customized intelligent contracts are mainly used for meeting the definition of private information and different requirements on the quality standard of grain and oil food of different enterprises. The special requirements of enterprises on the grain and oil full supply chain are met by changing the intelligent contract code to adapt to different requirements.
The block chain is essentially a shared database, and the data or information stored in the shared database has the characteristics of unforgeability, whole-course trace retention, traceability, public transparency, collective maintenance and the like. Based on the characteristics, the block chain technology lays a solid trust foundation, creates a reliable cooperation mechanism and has wide application prospect in the aspect of grain and oil traceability.
The block chain is composed of a block data structure corresponding to each link, and the block is a chain data structure for storing transaction information by the block chain and comprises a block head and a block body; the adjacent blocks are connected end to end by the Hash value of the head of the father block in the block head according to the time sequence to form a block chain, and the block structure is shown as figure 4.
Taking a wheat supply chain as an example, each link is respectively designed with a corresponding block, the Hash values corresponding to the head of a father block in the head of each block are arranged according to time sequence, and the adjacent blocks are connected end to form a block chain;
the block head packages the hash value of the previous block, the version number of the current block, the timestamp, the Merkle root, the target hash value and the like; taking a processing link in a supply chain as an example, the block header comprises hash values of all information of a planting link, such as wheat types, fertilization conditions and the like, generation time of a current block, and a total hash value of all information uploaded by each enterprise of the processing link.
The block body comprises brief summary information data of a certain link passing the verification, identification codes of data summaries of various enterprises, hash values of complete data and hash values of source codes of a previous block of a secondary block.
Adopting a Hash algorithm to process the transaction key data of each participating main body of the grain and oil food supply chain stored in a block body, and processing a large amount of detailed data of the product by using asymmetric encryption and digital signature technologies in data storage to encrypt the data into an irreversible Hash value;
the specific process is as follows: enterprises in all links of the grain and oil supply chain upload all detailed data collected in the current link through the operation of a Web end system; the key data are encrypted through Hash calculation to form an irreversible Hash value, the irreversible Hash value is uploaded and broadcasted to block chain link points of the whole network, and all the block chain nodes of the whole network are verified through a consensus process and then stored into the latest data block. And obtaining a public key and a private key of the uploaded data through a key generation algorithm, and using the public key and the private key to encrypt and decrypt the data.
And as the leaf nodes of the Merkle tree, performing recursive Hash calculation on every two leaves layer by layer to generate the Merkle tree root nodes of the block head. The blocks ensure that the food and grain traceability information is difficult to tamper through measures such as Merkle tree characteristics, timestamps, version numbers, block complexity, digital signatures and the like, if a certain node tampers traceability key data, the node can be quickly tracked through block hash value comparison, and therefore the food and grain traceability data can not be forged, and safety and reliability are guaranteed.
Thirdly, based on an industrial internet identification analysis technology, generating a corresponding unique identification code for each link by using the relevant information of each link of the product S, and storing the unique identification codes to a block chain;
the grain and oil food industry has long industrial chain and many suppliers, and the flow line operation puts higher requirements on production scheduling and industrial chain cooperation. In the initial stage of informatization construction, due to lack of unified planning, a coding system does not form a unified standard yet, so that the problems of system isomerism, data multisource, one object and multiple codes, repeated data acquisition, unsmooth data circulation, incomplete information and the like are caused, and data tracing is difficult to realize. In addition, the codes are not uniform, and the supply chain work cooperation efficiency is severely limited.
The identification analysis system breaks through the cross-system, cross-enterprise and cross-industry data fusion technology, and establishes a secondary identification node of the grain, oil and food industry by utilizing the capability of an industrial internet platform, so that the identification unified management of the ecological related main elements of the industry is realized; the data acquisition is more concise, convenient, rapid and accurate through the industrial internet identification analysis technology.
The method is a prerequisite basis for realizing accurate positioning of grain and oil supply chain identification objects and acquisition, exchange, control and management of accurate information by generating an identity identification code for each link and establishing a uniform identification coding rule of the industrial internet of the grain and oil supply chain. Formulating corresponding specifications of a grain and oil supply chain to guide grain and oil enterprises to build a coding system and develop standardized application so as to form an industrial internet identification analysis system;
industrial internet has penetrated applications to over 30 national economic key industries including food, steel, petrochemicals, mining, energy, transportation, medical, etc. The enterprises related to the grain and oil food supply chain are not only in large quantity and distributed in different regions, but also have different information data formats, and each enterprise does not necessarily work in only one supply chain. The information exchange among different enterprises in the grain and oil food supply chain has the characteristics of multi-source heterogeneity and inaccuracy. Data information is transmitted by different companies in a planting link, a processing link, a storage link, a transportation link, a sales link and the like, even the same information can come from different enterprises, and identification systems used by different companies are different, so that the identification information has the characteristic of heterogeneity, and the data information is often wrong and lost due to the lack of unique identification among different enterprises in each link. These characteristics can cause difficulty in data information communication, and information communication between different enterprises can waste a lot of time, manpower and material resources.
Aiming at the situation that the food and grain food supply chain is so complex, unique self identity codes of different enterprises in different links of the supply chain are given through the industrial internet identity analysis technology, the problem that the formats of the identity codes of different enterprises in each link are different is solved, and the circulation speed of data is greatly improved.
An industrial internet identification analysis system is preliminarily formed and comprises national top level nodes, secondary nodes and enterprise nodes, and accordingly the industrial internet identification analysis system based on the grain and oil food industry is designed, and is shown in fig. 3. The national top level node is the top level identification analysis service node in a country or a region, and provides the registration and analysis of the top level identification of the industrial internet of China to the outside, and the management support capabilities of filing, monitoring, authentication, emergency and the like.
The national top level node is communicated with international root nodes of various identification systems and is also communicated with various domestic secondary identification analysis service nodes, a novel network infrastructure of 'unified management, interconnection and intercommunication, safety and reliability' is constructed, wide coverage, safety and stability services are provided, and the national top level node is a foundation of an industrial internet identification system.
A second-level node of an industrial internet identification analysis system is designed based on the grain and oil industry, each link including a rice node, a wheat node, a corn node and the like has a corresponding identification code, and five links of enterprise nodes correspond to the lower portion of each second-level node.
The enterprise can store the abstract information of the data in a block chain through an industrial internet identification analysis system. Seamless transmission of data and information among elements and systems is realized, and identification data management and sharing are realized.
The secondary node of the grain, oil and food industry is an intermediate link of an industrial internet identification and analysis system, is an important hub of an enterprise for connecting the top-level node of the country and each link of a supply chain, and is a key link of the identification and analysis system.
The industrial internet identification analysis secondary node needs to acquire identification code resources, namely identification prefixes, and provides identification code distribution, management and analysis services for enterprises in all links of a grain and oil food supply chain on the basis. And the secondary node is matched with the lower-level coding and allocation, and meets the international standard, the national standard, the industrial standard and the like of the industry.
The identity of physical resources such as machines and products and the identity of virtual resources such as data and algorithms in the grain and oil food supply chain link can be uniquely identified through identification codes, and the process is as follows
1. Identification code application: the method is characterized in that users are identified in each link of a grain and oil food supply chain, namely enterprises in each link of the grain and oil supply chain, own enterprise information and product information needing to apply for identification codes are sent to an identification manager, namely a national top node of the industrial internet, and unique identification is applied after identity verification is passed.
2. Identification code allocation: the identification code manager receives the information, examines the information and distributes identification codes to identification code applicants in each link of the grain and oil food supply chain according to identification code rules.
The industrial internet identification coding format is as follows: country code/industry code/enterprise code/object code/security code.
The system consists of an identification prefix and an identification suffix, wherein the identification prefix consists of a country code, an industry code and an enterprise code, the country code is required to comply with an identification system and represent the relevant requirements of a registration management organization, and the industry code is generally a 3-bit character and is a unique identification manufacturing gate class. Enterprise codes, typically no more than 20 characters, are used to uniquely identify an enterprise agent;
the identification suffix consists of an object code and a safety code, and the safety code is optional and uniquely identifies the identification object; the identification prefix is designed according to the length and the data type of each code segment according to the planning of an identification analysis system, and the identification suffix is formulated by the industry or enterprises according to the actual application and the business requirements and is used for uniquely identifying the identification object.
3. Identification code assignment: the method refers to a process of coding the medium capable of carrying the identification by an identification code manager by utilizing a coding identification device.
The medium capable of carrying the identification is subjected to code assigning by utilizing the code assigning identification equipment, and the enterprises can assign the identification codes to different identification media according to the use of different scenes and the requirements of the enterprises;
in the processing link, grain and oil supply chain processing enterprises or outsourcing enterprises receive the identification codes given by the national industrial Internet identification analysis system from the database, arrange and standardize the identification codes, and send the identification codes to identification equipment such as an ink jet printer, a laser ink jet printer, a TTO thermal transfer printer or a high-resolution ink jet printer in sequence to give codes to products, so that each product has a unique identity label. Which may be a two-dimensional code, a bar code, etc.
Through the analytic system, the system device capable of inquiring the network position or the related information of the target object according to the grain and oil food identification codes can perform unique positioning and information inquiry on the machine and the article. The process is as follows
1. And (3) identification search: the method refers to inquiring product information of a plurality of different sources through grain and oil product identification.
2. And (3) identifying the query: refers to the process of retrieving the historical information and state information of the corresponding grain and oil products and the related services through identification.
3. And (3) identification analysis: the method refers to inquiring the server address of the stored product information through the grain and oil product identification, or directly inquiring the grain and oil product information and related services.
The data are uploaded to the block chain, so that the problems of data intercommunication barriers, block chain data explosion, low data safety, data inaccuracy and the like are effectively solved, the safety problem worried by enterprises in all links of the grain and oil food supply chain to upload data and the problem of data accuracy in data query in other links are solved, and the data information of the grain and oil supply chain is transparent, traceable and not falsifiable. Meanwhile, the data tampering behavior of a single node can be monitored and rejected by all nodes of the whole network, so that the data of all parties of information circulation and transaction are guaranteed to be public and transparent, the information isolated island problem existing in the traditional system is broken through, the data records of circulation, transaction and information transmission of a supply chain are realized, and the reliability, accuracy and transparency of the data uploaded to the block chain by each enterprise in the supply chain can be guaranteed.
Step four, in the circulation process of the product S in the supply chain, a quality monitoring department and a consumer scan the identity codes corresponding to all links, and after analysis, the product S is compared and inquired whether the product S is safe or not;
the specific process is as follows:
firstly, a planting link of the product S generates a unique planting identification code through an industrial internet identification analysis system, the unique planting identification code is transmitted to a processing link along with a further processing flow to be scanned and identified, the authenticity of data in the identification code is confirmed by comparing the unique planting identification code with the planting identification code stored in a block chain, if the data contents of the two parties are different, the problem of the product in the transportation and circulation process is solved, the front tracing and tracing can be directly performed in the link, after the data of the link and the data of a production link are packed, uploaded and subjected to consensus verification in the processing link, a new identification code A0 is created and uploaded to the block chain, and a new identification code A0 is transmitted to a storage link;
scanning and identifying a new identification code A0 by the warehousing link, comparing the new identification code with a processing link identification code stored in a block chain, packing the data of the link per se and the data transmitted by the previous link after matching, uploading the data and carrying out consensus verification, creating a new identification code A1 again, uploading the new identification code A1 to the block chain, and transmitting the new identification code A1 to the logistics link;
similarly, the logistics link scans and identifies a new identification code A1, and by comparing the new identification code with the storage identification code stored in the block chain, after matching, the data of the link and the data transmitted by the previous link are packed together, uploaded and subjected to consensus verification, a new identification code A2 is created again and uploaded to the block chain, and the new identification code A2 is continuously transmitted to the sales link.
And scanning and identifying a new identification code A2 in the sales link, comparing the new identification code with the logistics link identification code stored in the block chain, packaging the data of the link with the data transmitted by the previous link after matching, uploading the data and carrying out consensus verification, and establishing a new identification code A3 again and uploading the new identification code to the block chain.
After buying the grain and oil food, the consumer selects the concerned data and important data by scanning the final two-dimensional identification code A3, and can also inquire the quality of the product S in each link, judge whether the product reaches the standard, whether harmful substances exist, steal and change the product and counterfeit the data. If safety problems are found, the problem link can be quickly positioned, and major safety accidents are prevented.
In the circulation process of a supply chain, after obtaining inquiry authority, a quality inspection department randomly spot-checks the identification code of each link, obtains relevant data of the current link by scanning the identification code of the current link and analyzing the identification code by an industrial internet identification analysis system, and verifies whether the identification code of the current link is falsified and misprinted in the circulation process and whether the identification code is matched with product information or not by comparing the relevant data with relevant information of the link stored in a block chain; if the data contents of the two parties are different, the problems of the grain and oil food in the transportation and circulation process are shown, and the forward tracing and responsibility tracing are directly carried out; and if the data are matched, continuing to perform subsequent product circulation.
Fifthly, based on the block chain and the identification analysis, the safe and credible traceability of the product S is realized;
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the consumer registers, and uploads or inquires related data of the product S after identifying the identity; after the verification, partial inquiry authority is granted to a supervision department, an enterprise and a consumer, and after the authorization of the enterprise is obtained, the consumer further inquires the related data information of the product S;
firstly, calling an identification code of an abstract of data information of the product S from a local database, analyzing the identification code through an identification analysis algorithm to obtain the abstract information of the data, positioning a block where the data is located through the identification code, and calling the block to inquire a hash value of complete information of the data through an intelligent contract;
the consumer compares the inquired hash value with the hash value generated by the data obtained in the local database, if the comparison result is consistent, the data is proved to be real and reliable without being tampered, and the authenticity of the data is determined; otherwise, the data is indicated to be tampered.
The invention constructs a safe and credible traceability model of a grain and oil food supply chain based on a block chain technology and an industrial internet identification technology. The method plays a great role in difficult chaining, incomplete data, low data safety, difficult traceability, low efficiency and information island existence of enterprise data in each link of a grain and oil food supply chain; the authenticity of data of enterprises, consumers and supervising agencies in various links from planting to selling in the grain and oil food supply chain is ensured. The method can ensure that the safety problem of the grain and oil food can be timely positioned to the supply chain link and the responsibility unit of the problem.
Example (b):
aiming at enterprises in different links of grain and oil food supply chain traceability, an enterprise blockchain node, a national identifier analysis node, a data application blockchain node and a local database corresponding to the supply chain node are designed by combining a blockchain technology and an industrial internet identifier technology, and a grain and oil quality safety credible traceability model based on the blockchain and the identifier analysis is established, as shown in fig. 5, the model comprises identifier registration, data chaining, data classification storage, data query and the like.
Taking wheat as an example, the problems of high cost, heavy burden, high difficulty, low efficiency and resource waste can occur when all basic data of an enterprise is stored in a block chain, so that the enterprise in each link of a wheat supply chain carries out intelligent contract verification on the abstract of wheat data information and the hash value of complete information so as to ensure the integrity and accuracy of uploaded data and the correctness of a format. And after verification, chaining is carried out, a unique industrial internet identifier applied to the wheat industry is applied to the national top node, an identifier code is distributed to an identifier code applicant by a code manager according to an identifier code rule, and the identifier is uploaded to a block chain after the enterprise obtains the identifier code.
After all data in the current link are uploaded, through an intelligent contract, information contained in the block is generated into an identification code representing the destination code of the block through an industrial internet identification analysis system, and the identification code is stored in the next block and serves as the source code of the next block.
The block chain system is divided into a public chain, a federation chain and a private chain, and the federation chain is selected and applied to the embodiment after the characteristics of the block chain system are comprehensively considered. The grain and oil food industry is generally applied to alliance chains, the most widely applied common platform of the public chains is Etheng, and the most widely applied common platform in the alliance chains is Hyperridge Fabric. There are also a number of well-known mechanisms including POS, POW, PBFT, solo, Kafka, etc.
The supply chain comprises five links of a planting link, a processing link, a storage link, a logistics link and a selling link, wherein the grain and oil food full supply chain is the most complex in the food supply chain, the characteristics of more links and complex sub-links are realized, related enterprises from planting to selling are more, and the total data quantity required to be acquired, recorded and uploaded is huge and complex The data can be uploaded and proceed to the next integrity verification. If the data format does not meet the preset conditions, the data is processed and judged through the preset codes, and then the next data integrity verification can be carried out.
The transaction, data transmission and the like of enterprises in all links of the wheat supply chain are carried out according to established intelligent contracts, and the accuracy and the integrity of data are ensured.
And the data uploaded by each node is stored in block chain link points of the wheat-related enterprises, and huge product basic data is stored in an enterprise local database to ensure the safety and integrity of the data. And meanwhile, carrying out hash calculation on the data to generate a corresponding hash value, and storing the hash value into the current block chain node. And then storing a large amount of complex basic data abstracts into an enterprise node block chain, generating an identification code by the data abstracts through an industrial Internet identification technology of a top-level national node, storing the obtained identification code into an enterprise block chain node through Hash operation, generating a new identification code by the current block in the same operation, taking the identification code as a destination code of the block and a source of a next block, storing the identification code in a local database so as to be convenient for locating the block, simultaneously storing the identification code in the next block together with the data abstracts of the next link, ensuring the authenticity of the identification code, and repeating the steps till the end of the link. The method ensures the operation cost and efficiency of the block chain system and solves the problem of security of enterprise information uploading data. But also facilitates the enterprise to view the information.
When the wheat tracing information needs to be inquired, the user performs registration through the webpage and the APP, and the user can upload or inquire the wheat related data after the identity is determined. When a user issues a data query request in a system to obtain required information, after the system audits, the system can grant partial query authorities of supervision departments, enterprises and users, after authorization of the enterprises is obtained, when the user queries the relevant data information of wheat products, the system queries the relevant information according to the request, firstly calls an identification code of an abstract of the data information of the wheat products from a local database, analyzes the identification code through an identification analysis system of the wheat industry to obtain the abstract information of the data, checks whether the abstract information of the data is required by the user, if so, positions a block where the data is located through the identification code, then calls a block where the abstract information is located for a queried intelligent contract, queries a hash value of complete information of the data from the block, and compares the queried hash value with a hash value generated by the data obtained from the local database, if the comparison results are consistent, the data is proved to be real and reliable without being tampered, and the authenticity of the data is determined; if the results are inconsistent, the data are falsified, so that the authenticity of a large amount of basic data of each enterprise is guaranteed, and meanwhile, the user obtains the wheat traceability information wanted by the user
The invention adopts the fusion of the industrial internet identification technology and the block chain technology, locates the data with problems by the identification technology, ensures the accuracy and traceability of each data of each main body in the grain and oil food supply chain system, can promote each enterprise in the supply chain to use the industrial internet identification analysis technology and upload the data information of the enterprise to the enthusiasm of the block chain, can quickly and accurately find the link of the accident when the food safety accident happens, locate the responsible enterprise, find the source of the accident, track the product direction of the accident, and timely stop the further development of the accident. The method has great significance for determining responsibility enterprises in each link of a supply chain, researching responsibility, reducing the incidence rate of food safety events and solving the problem of food safety.
Claims (7)
1. A grain and oil quality safety credible traceability method based on block chain and identification analysis is characterized by comprising the following specific steps: aiming at a certain grain and oil food product S, a supply chain consisting of five links of planting, processing, warehousing, logistics and selling is constructed, and relevant information of each link is recorded and stored in a local database; meanwhile, the related information of each link is verified by using an intelligent contract and then uploaded to the block chain;
then, based on an industrial internet identification analysis technology, generating a corresponding identification code for each link by using the relevant information of each link of the product S, and storing the identification codes to a block chain;
finally, in the circulation process of the product S in the supply chain, the quality monitoring department and the consumer scan the identity codes corresponding to all links, and after analysis, the product S is compared and inquired whether the product S is safe or not; and based on the block chain and the identification analysis, the safe and credible traceability of the product S is realized.
2. The grain and oil quality safety credible traceability method based on block chain and identification analysis as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the relevant information of the planting link comprises: planting time, harvesting time, product batch, fertilizer use condition and heavy metal content;
the relevant information of the processing link comprises: processing factory information, processing related personnel, environment real-time temperature, environment real-time humidity, product numbering and processing procedures;
the related information of the warehousing link comprises: warehousing enterprise information, warehouse addresses, warehousing personnel, warehouse numbers and warehousing-in and warehousing-out time;
the related information of the logistics link comprises: city and destination of the route, internal sanitary condition of the transport vehicle, environmental temperature in the vehicle, transport vehicle and transport personnel;
relevant information of the sales links includes: a selling merchant name, a merchant address, a merchant contact, a selling location, and a salesperson.
3. The grain and oil quality security credible traceability method based on block chain and identification analysis as claimed in claim 1, wherein the intelligent contract comprises: customizing the intelligent contract and customizing the intelligent contract;
customizing an intelligent contract, formulating a limiting condition and setting a detection index according to related laws and specifications of the grain industry, and deploying the intelligent contract to a block chain network; when relevant information is uploaded in each link of a supply chain, an intelligent contract is customized to judge uploaded data, and when the quality index does not meet a preset detection condition, the uploaded data is sent to a monitoring party; otherwise, allowing the data of each link to be uploaded to the block chain;
the customized intelligent contract is an intelligent contract customized for an enterprise with special requirements; the special requirements comprise definition of special privacy information and requirements of quality standards of different grain and oil food.
4. The grain and oil quality safety credible traceability method based on block chain and identification analysis as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the block chain is composed of a block data structure corresponding to each link, the block is a chain data structure of the block chain for storing transaction information, and comprises a block head and a block body; arranging the Hash values corresponding to the father block heads in all the block heads according to a time sequence, and connecting the adjacent blocks end to form a block chain;
the Hash value is: each link uploads key data in all data acquired by the link, and the key data is encrypted through Hash calculation;
the block head packages the hash value of the previous block, the version number of the current block, the timestamp, the Merkle root and the target hash value;
the block body comprises a brief abstract, an identification code, a hash value of complete data and a hash value of a previous block of each link.
5. The grain and oil quality security credible traceability method based on block chain and identification analysis as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the generation process of the identity identification code is as follows:
firstly, each link of a supply chain sends related information of each link to a coding manager;
then, a code manager checks and distributes identification codes to each applied link according to identification code rules;
identification of the coding format: country code/industry code/enterprise code/object code/security code;
the country code, the industry code and the enterprise code form an identification prefix, and the object code and the security code form an identification suffix; the identifier prefix is required to accord with the identifier analysis system plan; the length, the data type and the identification suffix of each code segment are formulated by industries or enterprises according to actual application and business requirements and are used for uniquely identifying an identification object;
finally, each link provides carrier tape media of the identification codes according to the requirements of the link, and the identification equipment carries out code spraying on each carrier tape media to obtain the unique identification code of each link and uploads the unique identification code to the block chain.
6. The grain and oil quality safety credible tracing method based on block chain and identification analysis of claim 1, wherein the quality monitoring department and the consumer scan each identity code, and after analysis, compare and inquire whether the product S is safe, the specific process is as follows:
firstly, generating a unique planting identification code by the planting link data information of the product S through an industrial internet identification analysis system, transmitting the unique planting identification code to a processing link for scanning and identification, comparing the unique planting identification code with a planting identification code stored in a block chain, packing the data of the processing link and the data of a production link by the processing link after matching, uploading the data and carrying out consensus verification, creating a new identification code A0 to upload the data to the block chain, and transmitting the new identification code A0 to a warehousing link;
scanning and identifying a new identification code A0 by the warehousing link, comparing the new identification code with a processing link identification code stored in a block chain, packing the data of the link per se and the data transmitted by the previous link after matching, uploading the data and carrying out consensus verification, creating a new identification code A1 again, uploading the new identification code A1 to the block chain, and transmitting the new identification code A1 to the logistics link;
similarly, the logistics link scans and identifies a new identification code A1, compares the new identification code with the warehousing identification code stored in the block chain, packages the data of the link with the data transmitted by the previous link after matching, uploads the data and performs consensus verification, creates a new identification code A2 again to upload the data to the block chain, and continuously transmits the new identification code A2 to the sales link;
scanning and identifying a new identification code A2 in the sales link, comparing the new identification code with a logistics link identification code stored in a block chain, packaging data of the link and data transmitted by the previous link after matching, uploading the data and performing consensus verification, and establishing a new identification code A3 again and uploading the new identification code to the block chain;
after buying the grain and oil food, a consumer scans the final two-dimensional identification code A3, checks important data, inquires the quality of the product S in each link, and judges whether the product reaches the standard, whether harmful substances exist, and whether the product is stolen or replaced and data is counterfeited;
in the circulation process of a supply chain, a quality inspection department randomly checks the identification code of each link, obtains related data of the current link after scanning the identification code of the current link and analyzing the data by an industrial internet identification analysis system, and verifies whether the identification code of the current link is falsified and misprinted in the circulation process and whether the identification code is matched with product information or not by comparing the identification code of the current link with related information of the link stored in a block chain; if the data contents of the two parties are different, the problems of the grain and oil food in the transportation and circulation process are shown, and the forward tracing and responsibility tracing are directly carried out; and if the data are matched, continuing to perform subsequent product circulation.
7. The grain and oil quality safety credible traceability method based on block chain and identification analysis as claimed in claim 1, wherein the block chain and identification analysis is based on to realize the safety credible traceability of product S, specifically:
the consumer registers and uploads or inquires the related data of the product S after identity identification; after the verification, partial inquiry authority is granted to a supervision department, an enterprise and a consumer, and after the authorization of the enterprise is obtained, the consumer further inquires the related data information of the product S;
firstly, calling an identification code of an abstract of data information of the product S from a local database, analyzing the identification code through an identification analyzing system to obtain the abstract information of the data, positioning a block where the data is located through the identification code, and calling the block to inquire a hash value of complete information of the data through an intelligent contract;
the consumer compares the inquired hash value with the hash value generated by the data obtained in the local database, if the comparison result is consistent, the data is proved to be real and reliable without being tampered, and the authenticity of the data is determined; otherwise, the data is indicated to be tampered.
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