CN114384830B - Electromagnetic interference determining method and system for intelligent power grid acquisition unit - Google Patents
Electromagnetic interference determining method and system for intelligent power grid acquisition unit Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an electromagnetic interference determining method for a smart grid acquisition unit, which comprises the following steps: determining the sampling rate of the intelligent power grid sampling unit based on the type of an analog-to-digital conversion chip in the intelligent power grid acquisition unit; electromagnetic interference is generated on the intelligent power grid by an electromagnetic interference source and is transmitted to an acquisition unit through a sensing unit; and judging whether electromagnetic interference exists or not when the sampling unit samples at the determined sampling rate based on the electromagnetic compatibility tester. The technical scheme provided by the invention can rapidly and accurately find whether the intelligent power grid acquisition unit has electromagnetic interference.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of smart grids, in particular to an electromagnetic interference determining method and system for a smart grid acquisition unit.
Background
The intelligent transformer stations operated by the national power grid company sequentially have the problems of damage, packet loss, abnormal communication and the like of the electronic transformer acquisition units. More and more electronic devices are arranged in situ and are closely adjacent to high-voltage equipment and even hung on a high-voltage equipment shell, so that the electronic devices are more and more easily affected by electromagnetic interference and even fail due to the electromagnetic interference, and the transformer substation is shut down, so that the safety of a power grid is endangered. The electronic transformer performs electromagnetic compatibility test with reference to the related standard of the secondary equipment when leaving the factory, but the failure rate is higher in the actual power grid operation, so that it is necessary to improve the electromagnetic compatibility test method of the acquisition unit, and electromagnetic interference protection measures are adopted on the basis of the electromagnetic compatibility test method, so that the reliability of the intelligent power grid acquisition unit is improved.
When the isolating switch and the circuit breaker in the power grid are operated and lightning invades, extremely fast transient overvoltage (VFTO) and extremely fast transient current (VERY FAST TRANSIENT current, VFTC) can be generated, and transient electromagnetic disturbance is generated at the secondary equipment end through coupling modes such as conduction, radiation and the like. The transient disturbance has the characteristics of short waveform rising time, large wave front steepness, wide frequency range, continuous multiple times and the like. Taking lightning wave as an example, according to a large amount of measured data proposed by the International great electric Congress (CIGRE), the lightning current waveform which is calculated by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) in the standard of lightning electromagnetic pulse protection (IEC-61312-1) and is applicable to the power industry is 2.6/50 mu s, and the high-frequency component of the lightning wave is mainly distributed on the wave head.
When the A/D chip performs data conversion and reading, most pins of the A/D chip are in a high-level low-level high-frequency switching state, the possibility of electromagnetic interference by an interference source is high, and the situation is worst. After data conversion and reading are finished, most pins of the A/D chip are in an idle state of high level or low level, and the possibility of electromagnetic interference by an interference source is low and the situation is light.
Taking the chip AD7656 as an example, the chip can finish data conversion and reading only by 4 mu s at maximum. At present, the sampling rate of a merging unit in a power grid is 80 points/cycle, and if the frequency in the power grid is 50Hz, the AD7656 can meet the requirement only by carrying out data conversion and reading once every 250 mu s. Whereas the standard lightning wave head time is 2.6 μs,2.6 μs <4 μs < -250 μs, so the probability of chip AD7656 suffering transient disturbance at data conversion and reading is 4 μs/250 μs=1.6%. Therefore, when the acquisition unit is subjected to electromagnetic compatibility test, a plurality of times of large amount of electromagnetic compatibility tests are required to pass, so that the situation that the A/D chip suffers electromagnetic interference during data conversion and reading can be reproduced. The number of times required for electromagnetic compatibility test in the existing standard is limited, such as the specification of GB/T17626.9-2011 electromagnetic compatibility test and measurement technique pulse magnetic field immunity test: "at least 5 positive polarity pulses and 5 negative polarity pulses were tested". It is known from calculation that the probability that the A/D chip suffers electromagnetic interference during data conversion and reading is 7.75% in the 5 positive polarity pulse test, and the worst electromagnetic interference situation is difficult to reproduce.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides an electromagnetic interference determining method for a smart grid collection unit, which is characterized by comprising:
Determining the sampling rate of the intelligent power grid acquisition unit based on the type of an analog-to-digital conversion chip in the intelligent power grid acquisition unit;
Transmitting an electromagnetic interference generated by an electromagnetic interference source to the intelligent power grid and an analog signal generated by a signal source to an acquisition unit through a sensing unit;
the acquisition unit converts the acquired analog signals into digital signals based on the sampling rate and then uploads the digital signals to an upper computer control system;
And judging whether electromagnetic interference exists in the analog signals acquired by the intelligent power grid acquisition unit by using the upper computer control system.
Preferably, the determining, based on the type of the analog-to-digital conversion chip in the smart grid collection unit, the sampling rate of the smart grid collection unit includes:
determining the maximum throughput rate based on the type of the analog-to-digital conversion chip in the intelligent power grid acquisition unit;
and taking the maximum throughput rate as the sampling rate of the intelligent power grid acquisition unit.
Preferably, the transmitting the electromagnetic interference generated by the electromagnetic interference source to the smart grid and the analog signal generated by the signal source to the acquisition unit through the sensing unit includes: and the sensing unit is respectively connected with the electromagnetic interference source and the signal source and converts an analog signal generated by the signal source and an electromagnetic interference signal generated by the electromagnetic interference source on the intelligent power grid into analog induction data to be transmitted to the acquisition unit.
Preferably, the determining, by using the upper computer control system, whether electromagnetic interference exists in the analog signal collected by the smart grid collection unit includes:
the upper computer control system carries out correspondence judgment on the digital signals uploaded by the acquisition unit and the analog signals generated by the signal source;
And when the digital signal and the analog signal do not correspond, the analog signal acquired by the acquisition unit is considered to be subjected to electromagnetic interference, otherwise, the analog signal acquired by the acquisition unit is not subjected to electromagnetic interference.
Preferably, the method further comprises the step of packaging and arranging the digital signals converted by the intelligent power grid acquisition unit to the upper computer control system.
An electromagnetic interference determination system for a smart grid collection unit, comprising: the system comprises an electromagnetic interference source, a signal source, a sensing unit and an upper computer control system;
The electromagnetic interference source and the signal source are respectively connected with the sensing unit;
the sensing unit is connected with the intelligent power grid acquisition unit;
the upper computer control system is in communication connection with the intelligent power grid acquisition unit;
The intelligent power grid acquisition unit is used for determining the sampling rate of the intelligent power grid sampling unit according to the type of the analog-to-digital conversion chip, converting the acquired analog signals into digital signals at the sampling rate and uploading the digital signals to the upper computer control system;
The electromagnetic interference source is used for generating electromagnetic interference to the intelligent power grid;
The signal source is used for generating an analog signal;
The sensing unit is used for transmitting electromagnetic interference generated by the electromagnetic interference source and an analog signal generated by the signal source to the acquisition unit;
The upper computer control system is used for judging whether electromagnetic interference exists in the analog signals acquired by the intelligent power grid acquisition unit.
Preferably, the smart grid collection unit includes:
The throughput rate determining subunit is used for determining the maximum throughput rate according to the type of the analog-to-digital conversion chip in the intelligent power grid acquisition unit;
And the sampling rate determining subunit is used for taking the maximum throughput rate as the sampling rate of the intelligent power grid sampling unit.
Preferably, the sensing unit includes:
The receiving conversion subunit is used for receiving electromagnetic interference generated by the electromagnetic interference source on the smart grid and analog signals generated by the signal source and converting the electromagnetic interference and the analog signals into analog induction data;
and the transmission subunit is used for transmitting the analog induction data to the intelligent power grid acquisition unit.
Preferably, the upper computer control system includes:
The judging subunit is used for correspondingly judging the digital signal uploaded by the acquisition unit and the analog signal generated by the signal source by the upper computer control system, and determining that the analog signal acquired by the sampling unit is subjected to electromagnetic interference when the digital signal and the analog signal are not corresponding, or else, the analog signal is not subjected to electromagnetic interference.
Preferably, the device further comprises a merging unit;
The merging unit is connected with the intelligent power grid acquisition unit and the upper computer control system respectively and is used for packaging and arranging the data converted by the intelligent power grid acquisition unit and sending the data to the upper computer control system.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
The invention provides an electromagnetic interference determining method for a smart grid acquisition unit, which comprises the following steps: determining the sampling rate of the intelligent power grid sampling unit based on the type of an analog-to-digital conversion chip in the intelligent power grid acquisition unit; electromagnetic interference is generated on the intelligent power grid by an electromagnetic interference source and is transmitted to an acquisition unit through a sensing unit; and judging whether electromagnetic interference exists or not when the sampling unit samples at the determined sampling rate based on the electromagnetic compatibility tester. The technical scheme provided by the invention can rapidly and accurately find whether the intelligent power grid acquisition unit has electromagnetic interference.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electromagnetic interference determining method for a smart grid collection unit according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an electromagnetic interference determining system for a smart grid collection unit according to the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of data conversion and reading using a chip AD7656 as an example when the requirements of the smart grid are satisfied;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of data conversion and reading using the chip AD7656 as an example of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The invention provides an electromagnetic interference determining method for a smart grid acquisition unit, which is as shown in fig. 1:
step 1: determining the sampling rate of the intelligent power grid acquisition unit based on the type of an analog-to-digital conversion chip in the intelligent power grid acquisition unit;
Step 2: transmitting an electromagnetic interference generated by an electromagnetic interference source to the intelligent power grid and an analog signal generated by a signal source to an acquisition unit through a sensing unit;
Step 3: the acquisition unit converts the acquired analog signals into digital signals based on the sampling rate and then uploads the digital signals to an upper computer control system;
Step 4: and judging whether electromagnetic interference exists in the analog signals acquired by the intelligent power grid acquisition unit by using the upper computer control system.
Step 1: based on the type of the analog-to-digital conversion chip in the intelligent power grid acquisition unit, determining the sampling rate of the intelligent power grid acquisition unit specifically comprises the following steps:
The determining the sampling rate of the intelligent power grid acquisition unit based on the type of the analog-to-digital conversion chip in the intelligent power grid acquisition unit comprises the following steps:
determining the maximum throughput rate based on the type of the analog-to-digital conversion chip in the intelligent power grid acquisition unit;
and taking the maximum throughput rate as the sampling rate of the intelligent power grid acquisition unit.
Step 2: the method for transmitting the electromagnetic interference generated by the electromagnetic interference source to the intelligent power grid and the analog signal generated by the signal source to the acquisition unit through the sensing unit comprises the following steps:
And the sensing unit is respectively connected with the electromagnetic interference source and the signal source and converts an analog signal generated by the signal source and an electromagnetic interference signal generated by the electromagnetic interference source on the intelligent power grid into analog induction data to be transmitted to the acquisition unit.
Step 3: and converting the acquired analog signals into digital signals based on the sampling rate by the acquisition unit and uploading the digital signals to an upper computer control system.
Step 4: utilizing the upper computer control system to judge whether electromagnetic interference exists in the analog signals acquired by the intelligent power grid acquisition unit, comprising the following steps:
the upper computer control system carries out correspondence judgment on the digital signals uploaded by the acquisition unit and the analog signals generated by the signal source;
And when the digital signal and the analog signal do not correspond, the analog signal acquired by the acquisition unit is considered to be subjected to electromagnetic interference, otherwise, the analog signal acquired by the acquisition unit is not subjected to electromagnetic interference.
Preferably, the method further comprises the step of packaging and arranging the digital signals converted by the intelligent power grid acquisition unit to the upper computer control system.
Example 2:
Based on the same inventive concept, the invention also provides an electromagnetic interference determining system for a smart grid acquisition unit, as shown in fig. 2, comprising: the system comprises an electromagnetic interference source, a signal source, a sensing unit and an upper computer control system;
The electromagnetic interference source and the signal source are respectively connected with the sensing unit;
the sensing unit is connected with the intelligent power grid acquisition unit;
the upper computer control system is in communication connection with the intelligent power grid acquisition unit;
The intelligent power grid acquisition unit is used for determining the sampling rate of the intelligent power grid sampling unit according to the type of the analog-to-digital conversion chip, converting the acquired analog signals into digital signals at the sampling rate and uploading the digital signals to the upper computer control system;
The electromagnetic interference source is used for generating electromagnetic interference to the intelligent power grid;
The signal source is used for generating an analog signal;
The sensing unit is used for transmitting electromagnetic interference generated by the electromagnetic interference source and an analog signal generated by the signal source to the acquisition unit;
The upper computer control system is used for judging whether electromagnetic interference exists in the analog signals acquired by the intelligent power grid acquisition unit.
Preferably, the smart grid collection unit includes:
The throughput rate determining subunit is used for determining the maximum throughput rate according to the type of the analog-to-digital conversion chip in the intelligent power grid acquisition unit;
And the sampling rate determining subunit is used for taking the maximum throughput rate as the sampling rate of the intelligent power grid sampling unit.
Preferably, the sensing unit includes:
The receiving conversion subunit is used for receiving electromagnetic interference generated by the electromagnetic interference source on the smart grid and analog signals generated by the signal source and converting the electromagnetic interference and the analog signals into analog induction data;
and the transmission subunit is used for transmitting the analog induction data to the intelligent power grid acquisition unit.
Preferably, the upper computer control system includes:
The judging subunit is used for correspondingly judging the digital signal uploaded by the acquisition unit and the analog signal generated by the signal source by the upper computer control system, and determining that the analog signal acquired by the sampling unit is subjected to electromagnetic interference when the digital signal and the analog signal are not corresponding, or else, the analog signal is not subjected to electromagnetic interference.
Preferably, the device further comprises a merging unit;
The merging unit is connected with the intelligent power grid acquisition unit and the upper computer control system respectively and is used for packaging and arranging the data converted by the intelligent power grid acquisition unit and sending the data to the upper computer control system.
Example 3:
An electromagnetic interference determination system for a smart grid collection unit, comprising: electromagnetic interference source, signal source, sensing unit, acquisition unit, merging unit, host computer control system. The electromagnetic interference source and the signal source are respectively connected with the sensing unit, the sensing unit transmits signals of the signal source and generated analog signals induced by interference signals generated by the electromagnetic interference source to the collecting unit, an A/D chip is arranged in the collecting unit to convert the analog signals into digital signals, the collecting unit is connected with the merging unit, and the merging unit packages and integrally transmits the digital signals transmitted by the collecting unit to the upper computer control system. The sampling rate of the a/D chip in the acquisition unit is equal to or slightly less than its allowed maximum throughput rate. The upper computer control system can monitor whether the acquisition unit and the merging unit normally operate.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a test method according to the present invention, which includes an electromagnetic interference source, a signal source, a sensing unit, an acquisition unit, a merging unit, and an upper computer control system. The electromagnetic interference source and the signal source are respectively connected with the sensing unit, the sensing unit transmits the analog induction data which is interfered by the electromagnetic interference source to the collecting unit, the A/D chip in the collecting unit converts the analog induction data into digital signals, the collecting unit is connected with the merging unit, and the merging unit packages the digital signals sent by the collecting unit and sends the digital signals to the upper computer control system.
At present, the sampling rate and the output frequency of a merging unit in the intelligent power grid are unified to 80 points/cycle, and if the power grid frequency is 50Hz, the sampling rate of an acquisition unit for transmitting data to the merging unit is 4 kHz. Taking the chip AD7656 as an example, as shown in fig. 3, when the sampling rate is 4kHz, the probability of suffering electromagnetic interference during data conversion and reading of the AD chip is low, and a large amount of electromagnetic compatibility tests are required to reproduce, while in the invention, as shown in fig. 4, the sampling rate is set to be 250kHz, so that the probability of suffering electromagnetic interference during data conversion and reading of the AD chip is high, and the worst electromagnetic interference situation suffered by the acquisition unit in the power grid can be reproduced more easily. Electromagnetic interference that may be present by the acquisition unit can be quickly found. After electromagnetic interference is found, a chip can be replaced or corresponding protective measures can be made in the acquisition unit, so that the intelligent power grid system has great significance in development and construction of the intelligent power grid.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The foregoing is illustrative of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting thereof, but rather as providing for the use of additional embodiments and advantages of all such modifications, equivalents, improvements and similar to the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. An electromagnetic interference determining method for a smart grid collection unit, comprising:
Determining the sampling rate of the intelligent power grid acquisition unit based on the type of an analog-to-digital conversion chip in the intelligent power grid acquisition unit;
Transmitting an electromagnetic interference generated by an electromagnetic interference source to the intelligent power grid and an analog signal generated by a signal source to an acquisition unit through a sensing unit;
the acquisition unit converts the acquired analog signals into digital signals based on the sampling rate and then uploads the digital signals to an upper computer control system;
Judging whether electromagnetic interference exists in the analog signals acquired by the intelligent power grid acquisition unit by utilizing the upper computer control system;
The method for transmitting the electromagnetic interference generated by the electromagnetic interference source to the intelligent power grid and the analog signal generated by the signal source to the acquisition unit through the sensing unit comprises the following steps: the sensing unit is respectively connected with the electromagnetic interference source and the signal source and used for converting an analog signal generated by the signal source and an electromagnetic interference signal generated by the electromagnetic interference source on the intelligent power grid into analog induction data to be transmitted to the acquisition unit;
the method for judging whether electromagnetic interference exists in the analog signals acquired by the intelligent power grid acquisition unit by using the upper computer control system comprises the following steps:
the upper computer control system carries out correspondence judgment on the digital signals uploaded by the acquisition unit and the analog signals generated by the signal source;
When the digital signal and the analog signal do not correspond, the analog signal acquired by the acquisition unit is considered to be subjected to electromagnetic interference, otherwise, the analog signal acquired by the acquisition unit is not subjected to electromagnetic interference;
The determining the sampling rate of the intelligent power grid acquisition unit based on the type of the analog-to-digital conversion chip in the intelligent power grid acquisition unit comprises the following steps:
determining the maximum throughput rate based on the type of the analog-to-digital conversion chip in the intelligent power grid acquisition unit;
and taking the maximum throughput rate as the sampling rate of the intelligent power grid acquisition unit.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising packaging and collating digital signals converted by the smart grid collection unit to the host computer control system.
3. An electromagnetic interference determination system for a smart grid collection unit, comprising: the system comprises an electromagnetic interference source, a signal source, a sensing unit and an upper computer control system;
The electromagnetic interference source and the signal source are respectively connected with the sensing unit;
the sensing unit is connected with the intelligent power grid acquisition unit;
the upper computer control system is in communication connection with the intelligent power grid acquisition unit;
The intelligent power grid acquisition unit is used for determining the sampling rate of the intelligent power grid sampling unit according to the type of the analog-to-digital conversion chip, converting the acquired analog signals into digital signals at the sampling rate and uploading the digital signals to the upper computer control system;
The electromagnetic interference source is used for generating electromagnetic interference to the intelligent power grid;
The signal source is used for generating an analog signal;
The sensing unit is used for transmitting electromagnetic interference generated by the electromagnetic interference source and an analog signal generated by the signal source to the acquisition unit;
the upper computer control system is used for judging whether electromagnetic interference exists in the analog signals acquired by the intelligent power grid acquisition unit;
The sensing unit includes:
The receiving conversion subunit is used for receiving electromagnetic interference generated by the electromagnetic interference source on the smart grid and analog signals generated by the signal source and converting the electromagnetic interference and the analog signals into analog induction data;
the transmission subunit is used for transmitting the analog induction data to the intelligent power grid acquisition unit;
the upper computer control system comprises:
The judging subunit is used for correspondingly judging the digital signal uploaded by the acquisition unit and the analog signal generated by the signal source by the upper computer control system, and determining that the analog signal acquired by the sampling unit is subjected to electromagnetic interference when the digital signal and the analog signal are not corresponding, or else, the analog signal is not subjected to electromagnetic interference;
the smart grid collection unit includes:
The throughput rate determining subunit is used for determining the maximum throughput rate according to the type of the analog-to-digital conversion chip in the intelligent power grid acquisition unit;
And the sampling rate determining subunit is used for taking the maximum throughput rate as the sampling rate of the intelligent power grid sampling unit.
4. The system of claim 3, further comprising a merge unit;
The merging unit is connected with the intelligent power grid acquisition unit and the upper computer control system respectively and is used for packaging and arranging the data converted by the intelligent power grid acquisition unit and sending the data to the upper computer control system.
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| CN101770861A (en) * | 2010-01-19 | 2010-07-07 | 深圳市科陆电子科技股份有限公司 | Protective electronic transformer |
| CN202443082U (en) * | 2012-02-24 | 2012-09-19 | 江苏凌创电气自动化股份有限公司 | Merging unit test system with analog input and university |
| CN203259644U (en) * | 2013-07-05 | 2013-10-30 | 国家电网公司 | Electronic transformer interference signal test system in GIS (Geographic Information System) based on high-speed sampling |
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| CN103487780B (en) * | 2013-09-09 | 2016-03-23 | 国家电网公司 | A kind of GIS electronic transformer test macro and method thereof |
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