CN114384484A - Segmentation processing-based rapid coherent accumulation method for uniform accelerated motion target - Google Patents

Segmentation processing-based rapid coherent accumulation method for uniform accelerated motion target Download PDF

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CN114384484A
CN114384484A CN202210079267.9A CN202210079267A CN114384484A CN 114384484 A CN114384484 A CN 114384484A CN 202210079267 A CN202210079267 A CN 202210079267A CN 114384484 A CN114384484 A CN 114384484A
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coherent accumulation
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migration
acceleration
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CN114384484B (en
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孙智
陈海旭
蒋兴涛
蒋千
李小龙
樊万清
崔国龙
孔令讲
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University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/40—Means for monitoring or calibrating
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/28—Details of pulse systems
    • G01S7/285—Receivers
    • G01S7/292—Extracting wanted echo-signals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/41—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00 using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for quickly accumulating coherent objects of a uniformly accelerated moving object based on sectional processing, which is applied to the technical field of radar signals and aims at solving the problem of low coherent accumulation performance in the prior art; the invention firstly carries out pulse compression processing on the baseband echo signal. Then, the echo signals after pulse pressure are divided into a plurality of uniform time segments, and second-order range migration and Doppler migration caused by acceleration in each time segment can be ignored. And then, correcting the first-order range migration in each time period, and performing coherent accumulation on the corrected target energy in the time period through slow-time fast Fourier transform. And then correcting the second-order range migration and Doppler migration between the compensation time periods, and performing coherent accumulation on the compensated multi-section signal energy. And finally, carrying out inverse fast Fourier transform along the fast time frequency direction to obtain coherent accumulation results of all time segment energies. The method can effectively improve the energy focusing performance of the radar on the uniform acceleration target.

Description

Segmentation processing-based rapid coherent accumulation method for uniform accelerated motion target
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of radar signals, and particularly relates to a coherent accumulation technology for a uniformly accelerated moving target.
Background
With the rapid development of aerospace technology and the wide application of stealth technology, the effective detection of moving targets becomes a difficult problem in the field of radar signal processing. The long-time accumulation technology can remarkably improve the detection performance of the radar. However, complex movements of the target (including velocity and acceleration) can cause first/second order range and doppler shifts, resulting in loss of radar accumulation detection performance. For this reason, effective correction compensation for range and doppler shifts before coherent accumulation is required.
In order to correct the first-order range migration caused by the target velocity and obtain a good coherent accumulation effect, various methods are proposed, such as Radon fourier transform, Keystone transform, and modified position rotation transform. The three methods realize first-order range migration correction and energy phase-coherent accumulation through two-dimensional motion parameter search. However, when the mobility of the target is strong, the method has a problem that the coherent accumulation performance is reduced due to the influence of second-order range migration and Doppler migration caused by the acceleration of the target.
In order to correct and compensate second-order range migration and Doppler migration, related researchers successively put forward methods such as generalized Radon Fourier transform and Radon fractional Fourier transform. Although the accumulation detection performance of the method is good, the calculation complexity is high. For this reason, crop et al propose a hybrid accumulation method, which sequentially implements intra-segment coherent accumulation and inter-segment non-coherent accumulation through a segmentation process, but the accumulation gain of the method decreases as the length of a sub-segment becomes shorter.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a uniform accelerated motion fast coherent accumulation method based on segmentation processing, which utilizes the segmentation processing to quickly correct and compensate the range migration and the Doppler migration of a uniform accelerated motion target and realize coherent accumulation of target energy.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a uniform acceleration motion fast coherent accumulation method based on segmentation processing comprises the following steps:
s1, performing pulse compression processing on the echo signal received by the radar;
s2, dividing the pulse-compressed echo signal into a plurality of time segments, wherein the pulse-compressed echo signal corresponding to each time segment has the following characteristics:
the second-order range migration and Doppler migration caused by the acceleration in the time period can be ignored;
s3, performing first-order range migration correction caused by the target speed on the echo signal after pulse compression corresponding to each time slice;
s4, performing coherent accumulation on the target energy in the time period corrected in the step S3 through slow time fast Fourier transform;
s5, performing second-order range migration and Doppler migration correction compensation between time periods on the echo processed in the step S4;
s6, carrying out coherent accumulation on the compensated multi-segment signal energy;
and S7, performing inverse fast Fourier transform along the fast time frequency direction to obtain coherent accumulation results of all time segment energies.
Step S2, the second-order range migration and Doppler migration caused by the acceleration in the time period can be ignored; specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0003485252880000021
wherein, WsRepresenting the number of pulses per time segment, c is the speed of light, λ is the wavelength, k2,maxRepresenting the maximum acceleration value possible, fsRepresenting the sampling frequency, TrRepresenting the pulse repetition interval.
Step S3 specifically performs position rotation transformation on the echo signal of each time segment to realize first-order range migration correction caused by the target velocity.
The position rotation transformation process comprises the following steps:
the rotation angle search value σ ' is traversed at intervals of Δ σ for the position coordinates of the echo signal of the time segment (σ ' ∈ [ σ 'min,σ′max]) Is rotated, wherein sigma'minAnd σ'maxLower and upper bounds, respectively, of the rotation angle search range;
when a search value sigma' is selected, a corresponding rotation matrix is obtained;
and when the rotation angle search value is equal to the real value, obtaining a first-order distance migration correction result in the time period according to the corresponding rotation matrix.
Step S5 specifically includes: and performing fast Fourier transform on the echo signal after each phase of coherent accumulation along the fast time direction, and constructing a fast time frequency domain matched filtering equation to correct and compensate second-order range migration and Doppler migration between time periods.
The expression of the constructed fast time frequency domain matched filtering equation is as follows:
Figure BDA0003485252880000022
wherein f iscRepresenting the radar carrier frequency, exp (-) represents a base exponential function with the natural logarithm e.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method of the invention firstly carries out pulse compression processing on the baseband echo signal. And then, a segmentation criterion is established to divide the echo signal after the pulse pressure into a plurality of uniform time segments, so that second-order range migration and Doppler migration caused by acceleration in each time segment can be ignored. And then, correcting the first-order range migration in each time period by using position rotation transformation, and performing coherent accumulation on the corrected target energy in the time period by using slow-time fast Fourier transformation. And then, performing fast Fourier transform on the echo signal after each phase of coherent accumulation along the fast time direction, constructing a fast time frequency domain matched filtering equation to correct second-order range migration and Doppler migration between the compensation time periods, and performing coherent accumulation on the compensated multi-section signal energy. Finally, performing inverse fast Fourier transform along the fast time frequency direction to obtain coherent accumulation results of all time segment energies; the method of the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention adopts the segmentation processing and all the operations are realized by using the fast Fourier transform, thereby improving the real-time property of the invention;
2. phase coherent accumulation is realized by utilizing phase and amplitude information of target echoes in and among the time slices, and the energy focusing performance of the radar on the uniform acceleration target can be effectively improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block flow diagram of an implementation of the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows the result of target echo pulse compression received by the radar;
FIG. 3 shows coherent accumulation results for the 11 th time slice using the present invention;
FIG. 4 shows coherent accumulation results for all time slices using the present invention;
fig. 5 shows the accumulation result using the conventional hybrid accumulation method.
Detailed Description
The method is mainly verified by a Matlab simulation experiment method, and the correctness and the effectiveness of the method are verified on scientific computing software Matlab R2014 a. Specific implementations of the present invention are presented below in conjunction with fig. 1-5.
As shown in fig. 1, the method of the present invention comprises the steps of:
step 1: recording a chirp waveform multi-pulse baseband echo signal received by a radar as
Figure BDA0003485252880000031
Figure BDA0003485252880000032
For a fast time, tωIs a slow time, tω＝ωTr(ω -0, 1.., W-1), W and TrRespectively representing the total number of pulses and the pulse repetition interval.
Defining a uniform acceleration target and a radar at tωThe distance at the moment is:
Figure BDA0003485252880000033
wherein r is0Representing an initial distance between the target and the radar; k is a radical of1And k2Respectively the velocity and acceleration of the target. In this embodiment, the following are provided: r is0＝50km，k1＝102m/s，k2＝10m/s2The SNR after pulse compression is 6 dB.
To pair
Figure BDA0003485252880000034
Performing pulse compression treatment, and recording the time domain echo signal after pulse compression
Figure BDA0003485252880000035
Will be provided with
Figure BDA0003485252880000036
Of (1)
Figure BDA0003485252880000037
And tωPerforming discretization, i.e.
Figure BDA0003485252880000038
And ω ═ tω/TrThus obtaining a dispersion after
Figure BDA0003485252880000039
Echo signals of the field are noted
Figure BDA0003485252880000041
Wherein f issWhere mB denotes the sampling frequency and m is the sampling multipleAnd B denotes a signal bandwidth. The compression result of the discrete post-pulse is shown in fig. 2, the target energy is distributed in different range units, and range migration occurs.
Step 2: time slice segmentation processing: the echo signal after pulse pressure is divided into a plurality of time segments uniformly by establishing a segmentation criterion, and second-order range migration and Doppler migration caused by acceleration in each time segment can be guaranteed to be ignored, namely the requirement of meeting
Figure BDA0003485252880000042
Wherein WsW/P is the number of pulses per time slice, P is the number of all time slices, c is the speed of light, λ is the wavelength, k2,maxRepresenting the maximum acceleration value possible. At this time, taking the p-th time period as an example, the pulse pressure result is recorded as
Figure BDA0003485252880000043
Wherein l is the number of pulses in the p-th time period; p is equal to [1,2]，l∈[0,1,2,...,Ws]。
And step 3: correction and coherent accumulation over a period of time: and performing position rotation transformation on the echo signals of each time period to correct the first-order range migration caused by the target speed. In particular to
Figure BDA0003485252880000044
Is traversed through the rotation angle search value σ ' (σ ' is element [ σ 'min,σ′max]) Is rotated, wherein sigma'minAnd σ'maxRespectively, the lower and upper bounds of the rotation angle search range. Each time a search value sigma' is selected, a corresponding rotation matrix can be obtained, and the specific expression of the rotation matrix is
Figure BDA0003485252880000045
When the rotation angle search value is equal to the true value, the first-order range migration correction result in the p-th time period can be obtained
Figure BDA0003485252880000046
Then, byPerforming W-point fast Fourier transform in slow time to obtain the coherent accumulation result in the p-th time period
Figure BDA0003485252880000047
Wherein f isω′Is the slow time frequency after the fast fourier transform of the W point. Taking the 11 th time slice as an example, the coherent accumulation result is shown in fig. 3. The step is to determine the upper and lower limits of the rotation angle search based on prior information when the radar detects the target.
And 4, step 4: compensation and coherent accumulation during the time period: along the distance direction
Figure BDA0003485252880000048
Is obtained by fast Fourier transform
Figure BDA00034852528800000412
Subsequently, a frequency domain matched filter equation is constructed
Figure BDA0003485252880000049
Performing frequency domain compensation on the envelope and phase difference between the time segments
Figure BDA00034852528800000410
The expression is
Figure BDA00034852528800000411
Wherein, k'1And k'2The search values for initial velocity and acceleration, respectively. The expression of the frequency domain matched filter equation in the above formula is:
Figure BDA0003485252880000051
wherein f iscRepresenting the radar carrier frequency, exp (-) represents a base exponential function with the natural logarithm e.
When the search value is equal to the true value (i.e., k is satisfied at the same time)'1＝k1And k'2＝k2) When the time is in use, the envelope and phase difference between different time periods are completely compensated, and the distance frequency domain echo signal after compensation of all P time periods has the expression
Figure BDA0003485252880000052
Finally, to
Figure BDA0003485252880000053
Obtaining coherent accumulation result of target energy between segments by inverse fast Fourier transform along distance frequency direction
Figure BDA0003485252880000054
The coherent accumulation results for all time slices are shown in fig. 4, and good accumulation focusing results can be obtained through intra-segment and inter-segment two-stage coherent accumulation.
To illustrate the effectiveness of the present method, fig. 5 shows the accumulation results using a prior art hybrid accumulation method. Due to the limited acceleration of the target and the length of the time segment, the hybrid accumulation method is ineffective in accumulation. It can be seen from fig. 4 that the method of the present invention can effectively perform coherent accumulation.
It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the embodiments described herein are intended to assist the reader in understanding the principles of the invention and are to be construed as being without limitation to such specifically recited embodiments and examples. Various modifications and alterations to this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A uniform acceleration motion fast coherent accumulation method based on segmentation processing is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, performing pulse compression processing on the echo signal received by the radar;
s2, dividing the pulse-compressed echo signal into a plurality of time segments, wherein the pulse-compressed echo signal corresponding to each time segment has the following characteristics:
the second-order range migration and Doppler migration caused by the acceleration in the time period can be ignored;
s3, performing first-order range migration correction caused by the target speed on the echo signal after pulse compression corresponding to each time slice;
s4, performing coherent accumulation on the target energy in the time period corrected in the step S3 through slow time fast Fourier transform;
s5, performing second-order range migration and Doppler migration correction compensation between time periods on the echo processed in the step S4;
s6, carrying out coherent accumulation on the compensated multi-segment signal energy;
and S7, performing inverse fast Fourier transform along the fast time frequency direction to obtain coherent accumulation results of all time segment energies.
2. The method for uniform-acceleration fast coherent accumulation according to claim 1, wherein the second-order range migration and Doppler migration caused by acceleration in the time period of step S2 are negligible; specifically, the pulse number of each time slice satisfies the following conditions:
Figure FDA0003485252870000011
wherein, WsRepresenting the number of pulses per time segment, c is the speed of light, λ is the wavelength, k2,maxRepresenting the maximum acceleration value possible, fsRepresenting the sampling frequency, TrRepresenting the pulse repetition interval.
3. The method for fast coherent accumulation of uniform acceleration motion according to claim 2 is characterized in that step S3 specifically adopts the step of performing position rotation transformation on the echo signal of each time segment to realize the first-order range migration correction caused by the target velocity.
4. The method for accumulating uniform acceleration motion fast coherent based on segmentation processing as claimed in claim 3, wherein the process of position rotation transformation is:
the rotation angle search value σ ' is traversed at intervals of Δ σ for the position coordinates of the echo signal of the time segment (σ ' ∈ [ σ 'min,σ′max]) Is rotated, wherein sigma'minAnd σ'maxLower and upper bounds, respectively, of the rotation angle search range;
when a search value sigma' is selected, a corresponding rotation matrix is obtained;
and when the rotation angle search value is equal to the real value, obtaining a first-order distance migration correction result in the time period according to the corresponding rotation matrix.
5. The method for accumulating uniform acceleration fast phase difference based on segmentation processing as claimed in claim 4, wherein step S5 is specifically: and performing fast Fourier transform on the echo signal after each phase of coherent accumulation along the fast time direction, and constructing a fast time frequency domain matched filtering equation to correct and compensate second-order range migration and Doppler migration between time periods.
6. The method for accumulating uniform accelerated motion fast coherent based on segmented processing as claimed in claim 5, wherein said constructed fast time frequency domain matched filter equation expression is:
Figure FDA0003485252870000021
wherein f iscRepresenting the radar carrier frequency, exp (-) represents a base exponential function with the natural logarithm e.
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