CN114383463B - Cooling tower water distribution control method and device, water distribution system and cooling tower - Google Patents

Cooling tower water distribution control method and device, water distribution system and cooling tower Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114383463B
CN114383463B CN202210077341.3A CN202210077341A CN114383463B CN 114383463 B CN114383463 B CN 114383463B CN 202210077341 A CN202210077341 A CN 202210077341A CN 114383463 B CN114383463 B CN 114383463B
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water
cooling tower
water distribution
partition
heat exchange
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CN114383463A (en
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梅东升
蔚鹏飞
段立国
苏周
薛长站
梁浩
郭强
赵宁宁
刘正修
孟超
付达
赵潇然
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Beijing Jingneng Energy Technology Research Co ltd
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Beijing Jingneng Energy Technology Research Co ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F27/00Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus
    • F28F27/003Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus specially adapted for cooling towers
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/70Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a cooling tower water distribution control method, a cooling tower water distribution control device, a water distribution system and a cooling tower, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the water distribution system of the cooling tower adopts partition control, each partition is provided with a water quantity regulating valve, and the opening degree of each water quantity regulating valve is regulated in real time or at regular time at least according to feedback of the heat exchange output temperature T of circulating cooling water of each partition. The cooling tower water distribution control method, the device, the water distribution system and the cooling tower break the limitation of uniform water distribution, and the wind-water ratio inside the cooling tower can be optimized only by small-amplitude structural improvement, so that the cooling efficiency of the cooling tower is improved.

Description

Cooling tower water distribution control method and device, water distribution system and cooling tower
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cooling towers, in particular to a cooling tower water distribution control method and device, a water distribution system and a cooling tower.
Background
The cooling tower is an important accessory equipment of the power plant, and because the circulating water quantity of the power plant is relatively large, a natural ventilation cooling tower or a mechanical ventilation cooling tower is generally adopted to cool the steam and water in the condenser to the required temperature.
The natural ventilation cooling tower is a cooling tower which performs ventilation and heat exchange by air flow formed by the density difference of air inside and outside the tower, and the mechanical ventilation cooling tower is a cooling tower which performs ventilation and heat exchange by rotating a fan. The working principle of the two is that circulating cooling water is conveyed to a water distribution system through a water pump, and the water is uniformly sprayed on a packing layer through a spraying device of the water distribution system; air enters from the bottom of the cooling tower under the action of air density difference or fan suction force, hot water forms a water film and air to exchange heat when flowing through the surface of the filler, hot air is pumped out from the top, cooling water is dripped into a water collecting tank at the bottom of the cooling tower, and the cooling water flows into a condenser to exchange heat through a water outlet pipe.
In the prior art, the water distribution of the inner area and the outer area can be adjusted according to the water quantity of the upper tower, but the water distribution of the inner area and the outer area is also uniform, so that the water spraying density is kept consistent. In practice, however, cooling towers, whether they be natural draft cooling towers or mechanical draft cooling towers, tend not to have high cooling efficiency with even water distribution.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the technical problems to be solved by the present invention are: the first aspect is to provide a water distribution control method for a cooling tower, which breaks the limitation of uniform water distribution, optimizes the wind-water ratio inside the cooling tower only through small structural improvement, and further improves the cooling efficiency of the cooling tower.
In order to solve the technical problem of the first aspect, the present invention provides a water distribution control method for a cooling tower, wherein a water distribution system of the cooling tower adopts partition control, each partition is provided with a water quantity adjusting valve, and the opening degree of each water quantity adjusting valve is adjusted in real time or at regular time at least according to feedback of the heat exchange output temperature T of circulating cooling water of each partition.
Preferably, the method comprises the following specific implementation steps:
s1: the heat exchange output temperature T of the circulating cooling water of each subarea is subjected to count acquisition;
s2: calculating the average heat exchange output temperature T of the circulating cooling water of all the subareas Are all
S3: and adjusting the opening of each water quantity adjusting valve in real time or at fixed time according to the delta T value of each partition so as to gradually make the heat exchange output temperature T of the circulating cooling water of all the partitions gradually consistent, wherein delta T=T-T.
Preferably, the step S3 includes the following specific implementation steps:
s31: when the delta T is equal to the delta T1, the opening of the corresponding subarea water quantity regulating valve is regulated to be smaller;
s32: when the delta T is less than or equal to delta T1, the opening of the corresponding subarea water quantity regulating valve is kept unchanged;
s33: when DeltaT+DeltaT1 is less than 0, the opening of the corresponding subarea water quantity regulating valve is controlled to be increased;
wherein DeltaT 1 represents a preset deviation temperature threshold, and DeltaT 1 is more than or equal to 0.
Preferably, 0 ℃ is less than or equal to delta T1 is less than or equal to 2 ℃.
Preferably, the circulating cooling water heat exchange output temperature T is any one of a fixed infrared thermal imager, a mobile infrared thermal imager and a temperature measuring point, and the circulating cooling water temperature under each subarea packing layer of the water distribution system is measured.
Preferably, the water distribution system is further provided with an automatic control device, and each water quantity adjusting valve arranged in each partition is in communication connection with the automatic control device.
Preferably, each water quantity adjusting valve is also adjusted in real time or in a timing manner according to the air quantity measured value of the corresponding partition.
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: a second aspect provides a cooling tower water distribution control device, and/or a third aspect provides a water distribution system, and/or a fourth aspect provides a cooling tower, which breaks the limitation of uniform water distribution, optimizes the wind-water ratio inside the cooling tower only through small structural improvement, and further improves the cooling efficiency of the cooling tower.
To solve the above-mentioned second technical problem, the present invention proposes a cooling tower water distribution control device for executing the method according to any embodiment of the first aspect, the device comprising:
and the acquisition module is used for: the system is used for carrying out count acquisition on the heat exchange output temperature T of the circulating cooling water of each subarea;
the calculation module: the device is used for calculating the average heat exchange output temperature T of the circulating cooling water of all the subareas according to the indication acquisition of the acquisition module Are all
And an adjusting module: the opening degree of each water quantity regulating valve is regulated in real time or at fixed time according to the delta T value of each partition, so that the heat exchange output temperature T of the circulating cooling water of all the partitions gradually tends to be consistent, wherein delta T=T-T Are all
To solve the above-mentioned technical problem of the third aspect, the present invention proposes a water distribution system, comprising a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program and a processor, the computer program implementing the method according to any one of the embodiments of the first aspect when being read and executed by the processor.
In order to solve the above-mentioned fourth aspect, the present invention provides a cooling tower, which has the water distribution system according to any one of the embodiments of the third aspect.
Compared with the prior art, the cooling tower water distribution control method, the device, the water distribution system and the cooling tower have the following beneficial effects:
the limitation of uniform water distribution is broken, and the air-water ratio inside the cooling tower can be optimized only through small-amplitude structural improvement, so that the cooling efficiency of the cooling tower is improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a prior art mechanical draft cooling tower with a water distribution system;
fig. 2 is a schematic plan view of a water distribution system of a mechanical ventilation cooling tower according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the above objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments of the present invention described herein are only some of the embodiments constituting the present invention, which are intended to be illustrative of the present invention and not limiting of the present invention, and the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 2, the invention provides a water distribution control method of a cooling tower, wherein a water distribution system of the cooling tower adopts partition control, each partition is provided with a water quantity adjusting valve, and the opening degree of each water quantity adjusting valve is adjusted in real time or at fixed time at least according to feedback of the heat exchange output temperature T of circulating cooling water of each partition.
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic plan view of a water distribution system of a mechanical ventilation cooling tower is shown. In fig. 1, along the direction from the marking point a to the marking point L, the total water distribution system can be divided into twelve partitions, and in order to pursue the same water spraying density in the water distribution system, the pipe diameters of the main pipe AE section, the main pipe FH section and the main pipe IL section tend to decrease gradually from section to section, for example, the pipe diameters of the three sections can be respectively set as DN1000, DN800 and DN600, and the units can be mm. Meanwhile, on the branch pipe corresponding to each partition, the mark point (1) is followed to the mark pointIn the direction, the injection pressure (nozzle range) of the injection device tends to decrease gradually.
Compared with fig. 1, the partition structure shown in fig. 2 breaks the limitation that the branched pipe of a single partition is excessively long in fig. 1, and the convergence setting of the spraying device is improved to a great extent, but the pipe diameter setting of each section of the water outlet main pipe can be the same as that of fig. 1, and only the connection between the water outlet main pipe and the branched pipe of each partition tends to be complicated, but the setting that the water quantity regulating valve is configured in each partition is not affected. It should be noted here that, in practice, the water quantity regulating valve can be modified based on the partition structure shown in fig. 1 and is suitable for the present invention, i.e. the present invention is not limited to the partition structure of the water distribution system.
Through a large number of researches, the air flow in the tower is not uniformly distributed everywhere, and the air speed and the air quantity are inconsistent everywhere, so that under the condition of uniform water distribution, the air-water ratio of the positions is relatively different although the water spraying density is the same, and the air-water ratio of the cooling tower is poor, namely, the heat exchange output temperature T of circulating cooling water of each subarea is relatively different, and the cooling efficiency of the cooling tower is relatively low corresponding to the subarea with relatively high heat exchange output temperature T.
According to the invention, the traditional limitation of uniform water distribution is broken, when the water distribution system is redesigned, the design difficulty and the production and manufacturing difficulty are greatly reduced, and the air-water ratio inside the cooling tower is optimized in real time or in time due to the real-time adjustment or timing adjustment of the opening of the water quantity adjusting valve of each partition, so that the cooling efficiency of the cooling tower is improved. The timing adjustment can be realized manually, for example, the opening degree of each water quantity adjusting valve is manually adjusted once every two hours. Meanwhile, even if the existing water distribution system is modified, the cooling efficiency of the cooling tower can be improved easily just by a small structural improvement such as 'water quantity adjusting valves are arranged in each partition'.
Preferably, the circulating cooling water heat exchange output temperature T is any one of a fixed infrared thermal imager, a mobile infrared thermal imager and a temperature measuring point, and the circulating cooling water temperature under each subarea packing layer of the water distribution system is measured.
Specifically, as described in the background art, air enters from the bottom of the cooling tower under the action of air density difference or fan suction force, hot water forms a water film and air to exchange heat when flowing through the surface of the filler, hot air is pumped out from the top, cooling water is dripped into a water collecting tank at the bottom of the cooling tower, and flows into a condenser to exchange heat through a water outlet pipe. Therefore, the temperature of the circulating cooling water under each partition packing layer is measured to represent the heat exchange output temperature T of the circulating cooling water, so that the feedback control effect of the heat exchange output temperature T of the circulating cooling water is ensured.
Preferably, the method comprises the following specific implementation steps:
s1: the heat exchange output temperature T of the circulating cooling water of each subarea is subjected to count acquisition;
s2: calculating the average heat exchange output temperature T of the circulating cooling water of all the subareas Are all
S3: and adjusting the opening of each water quantity adjusting valve in real time or at fixed time according to the delta T value of each partition so as to gradually make the heat exchange output temperature T of the circulating cooling water of all the partitions gradually consistent, wherein delta T=T-T.
In particular, in an independent cooling tower water distribution system, the instantaneous flow rate of circulating cooling water can be T regardless of fluctuation of the upstream load Are all The value is used as an adjusting target, so that the opening of each water quantity adjusting valve in all the partitions gradually tends to be consistent after being adjusted in real time or at fixed time. When the manual adjustment mode is adopted, the consistency deviation can be not controlled, for example, the manual adjustment is only needed once every two hours; or the consistency deviation can be properly controlled by adding an alarm reminding unit.
Preferably, the step S3 includes the following specific implementation steps:
s31: when the delta T is equal to the delta T1, the opening of the corresponding subarea water quantity regulating valve is regulated to be smaller;
s32: when the delta T is less than or equal to delta T1, the opening of the corresponding subarea water quantity regulating valve is kept unchanged;
s33: when DeltaT+DeltaT1 is less than 0, the opening of the corresponding subarea water quantity regulating valve is controlled to be increased;
wherein DeltaT 1 represents a preset deviation temperature threshold, and DeltaT 1 is more than or equal to 0.
Specifically, if the preset deviation temperature threshold value deltat 1 is set, deltat 1 represents an allowable consistency deviation, that is, when deltat is less than or equal to deltat 1, the adjustment target is considered to be achieved or at least achieved in a staged manner, and then the opening of the corresponding partition water quantity adjusting valve is kept unchanged in the current stage; otherwise, corresponding up or down control is needed. Wherein the positive and negative of the DeltaT value represent the adjusting direction of the opening, namely when the DeltaT value is positive, the water supply quantity of the corresponding partition is in excess of the theoretical supply phenomenon of the air quantity distribution condition, and when the DeltaT is larger than the DeltaT 1, the smaller the control is needed, and the larger the deviation value of the DeltaT value and the DeltaT 1 is, the larger the opening smaller force is; on the contrary, when the Δt value is negative, it represents that the water supply amount of the corresponding partition is theoretically insufficient compared with the air volume distribution, and further when (Δt++Δt1) is smaller than 0, the opening degree is increased more and more as the deviation value between (Δt++Δt1) and 0 is larger, the increase control is needed. Therefore, the wind-water ratio of all the subareas can be greatly optimized, and the cooling efficiency of the cooling tower is further improved.
Preferably, the water distribution system is further provided with an automatic control device, and each water quantity adjusting valve arranged in each partition is in communication connection with the automatic control device.
Specifically, when the automatic adjustment mode is adopted, the accuracy control can be performed on the allowable consistency deviation, and the value range of DeltaT 1 can be controlled in a relatively more accurate smaller range at the moment, so that the wind-water ratio of all the subareas is further optimized, and the cooling efficiency of the cooling tower is further improved.
Preferably, 0 ℃ is less than or equal to delta T1 is less than or equal to 2 ℃.
Specifically, when the delta T1 is 0 ℃, the consistency deviation is not allowed to exist on the condition that the regulation target is represented, and the heat exchange output temperature of the circulating cooling water of all the subareas is equal to the temperature of the circulating cooling waterThe degree T is all required to be the moment and T Are all The water quantity adjusting valves are kept consistent, and the adjusting frequency of the opening of each water quantity adjusting valve is required to be higher; however, in view of a certain hysteresis between the feedback of the heat exchange output temperature T of the circulating cooling water and the air-water ratio before heat exchange, even if Δt1 is, for example, 2 ℃, the cooling efficiency of the cooling tower is not necessarily reduced or obviously reduced, which is further beneficial to reducing the design difficulty or purchasing cost of the automatic control device and improving the service life of the automatic control device and even the water quantity adjusting valves.
Preferably, each water quantity adjusting valve is also adjusted in real time or in a timing manner according to the air quantity measured value of the corresponding partition.
In particular, for a power plant, there may be multiple groups of generator sets and cooling towers, and the number and association of the generator sets and the cooling towers are not required to be limited in the present invention. For each independent cooling tower water distribution system, the instant flow of the circulating cooling water can be adaptively adjusted according to the change of the total power generation load of the power plant. Under the scene, because the air quantity distribution of the natural ventilation cooling tower is not controllable manually, or the total ventilation quantity of the mechanical ventilation cooling tower can be controlled manually, the real-time operation working condition of the fan, even the maximum power limit, and other extreme cases are considered, in order to ensure that the air-water ratio is always in a better control range, the adaptive adjustment of the real-time flow of the circulating cooling water can be used for taking an air quantity measured value (air quantity distribution condition) as reference auxiliary control on the basis of main control logic of the heat exchange output temperature T of the circulating cooling water. That is, each water quantity adjusting valve can be adjusted in real time or at regular time according to the air quantity measured value of the corresponding partition.
Preferably, the air volume measurement points of each partition are arranged at the same position above the partition packing layer where the air volume measurement points of each partition are arranged.
Specifically, the air volume measuring point of each partition is arranged above the partition packing layer where the air volume measuring point is arranged, so that the air volume distribution situation of each partition before air-water heat exchange can be represented most, and the auxiliary control effect taking the air volume distribution situation as a reference index is ensured.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 2, the present invention also provides a cooling tower water distribution control apparatus for performing the method as described in embodiment 1, the apparatus comprising:
and the acquisition module is used for: the system is used for carrying out count acquisition on the heat exchange output temperature T of the circulating cooling water of each subarea;
the calculation module: the device is used for calculating the average heat exchange output temperature T of the circulating cooling water of all the subareas according to the indication acquisition of the acquisition module Are all
And an adjusting module: the opening degree of each water quantity regulating valve is regulated in real time or at fixed time according to the delta T value of each partition, so that the heat exchange output temperature T of the circulating cooling water of all the partitions gradually tends to be consistent, wherein delta T=T-T Are all
The invention also provides a water distribution system comprising a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program and a processor, which computer program, when read and run by the processor, implements the method as described in embodiment 1.
The present invention also provides a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program which, when read and executed by a processor, implements a method as described in embodiment 1.
Specifically, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the cooling tower water distribution control device, the water distribution system, and the computer readable storage medium provided in embodiment 2 may be implemented by combining software and hardware as described in embodiment 1. Any one of the cooling tower water distribution control device, the water distribution system, and the computer readable storage medium may refer to the description of the cooling tower water distribution control method in embodiment 1, and the details of the information interaction and the execution process are not described in detail herein.
Further, the invention also provides a cooling tower provided with the water distribution system in the embodiment 2.
Although the present invention is disclosed above, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and the scope of the invention should be assessed accordingly to that of the appended claims.

Claims (8)

1. The water distribution control method of the cooling tower is characterized in that a water distribution system of the cooling tower adopts partition control, each partition is provided with a water quantity adjusting valve, the opening of each water quantity adjusting valve is adjusted in real time or at regular time at least according to feedback of the heat exchange output temperature T of circulating cooling water of each partition, each water quantity adjusting valve is also adjusted in real time or at regular time according to the air quantity measured value of the corresponding partition, so that the air-water ratio inside the cooling tower is optimized in real time or optimized in regular time, and the method comprises the following concrete implementation steps:
s1: the heat exchange output temperature T of the circulating cooling water of each subarea is subjected to count acquisition;
s2: calculating the average heat exchange output temperature T of the circulating cooling water of all the subareas Are all
S3: and adjusting the opening of each water quantity adjusting valve in real time or at fixed time according to the delta T value of each partition so as to gradually make the heat exchange output temperature T of the circulating cooling water of all the partitions gradually consistent, wherein delta T=T-T.
2. The cooling tower water distribution control method according to claim 1, wherein the step S3 comprises the following steps:
s31: when the delta T is equal to the delta T1, the opening of the corresponding subarea water quantity regulating valve is regulated to be smaller;
s32: when the delta T is less than or equal to delta T1, the opening of the corresponding subarea water quantity regulating valve is kept unchanged;
s33: when DeltaT+DeltaT1 is less than 0, the opening of the corresponding subarea water quantity regulating valve is controlled to be increased;
wherein DeltaT 1 represents a preset deviation temperature threshold, and DeltaT 1 is more than or equal to 0.
3. The method for controlling the distribution of water to a cooling tower according to claim 2, wherein Δt1 is not less than 0 ℃ and not more than 2 ℃.
4. A cooling tower water distribution control method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the circulating cooling water heat exchange output temperature T is measured by any one of a fixed infrared thermal imager, a mobile infrared thermal imager and a temperature measuring point under each partition packing layer of the water distribution system.
5. A cooling tower water distribution control method according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the water distribution system is further provided with an automatic control device, and each of the partitioned water quantity regulating valves is in communication with the automatic control device.
6. A cooling tower water distribution control device for performing the method according to any one of claims 1-5, said device comprising:
and the acquisition module is used for: the system is used for carrying out count acquisition on the heat exchange output temperature T of the circulating cooling water of each subarea;
the calculation module: the device is used for calculating the average heat exchange output temperature T of the circulating cooling water of all the subareas according to the indication acquisition of the acquisition module Are all
And an adjusting module: the opening degree of each water quantity regulating valve is regulated in real time or at fixed time according to the delta T value of each partition, so that the heat exchange output temperature T of the circulating cooling water of all the partitions gradually tends to be consistent, wherein delta T=T-T Are all
7. A water distribution system comprising a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program and a processor, which computer program, when read and run by the processor, implements the method according to any of claims 1-5.
8. A cooling tower having a water distribution system as claimed in claim 7.
CN202210077341.3A 2022-01-24 2022-01-24 Cooling tower water distribution control method and device, water distribution system and cooling tower Active CN114383463B (en)

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CN110793379A (en) * 2019-11-19 2020-02-14 上海颢世环境能源科技有限公司 Circulating water management equipment, circulating system and management method based on cooling tower
CN211451240U (en) * 2020-01-03 2020-09-08 山西省宏图建设集团有限公司 Flow equalizing plate structure of water energy storage water distributor
CN111928681A (en) * 2020-08-12 2020-11-13 中国电力工程顾问集团西北电力设计院有限公司 Counter-flow cooling tower water distribution device

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