CN114382812B - Friction material, friction body, brake pad and preparation method of friction material - Google Patents
Friction material, friction body, brake pad and preparation method of friction material Download PDFInfo
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- CN114382812B CN114382812B CN202111598257.8A CN202111598257A CN114382812B CN 114382812 B CN114382812 B CN 114382812B CN 202111598257 A CN202111598257 A CN 202111598257A CN 114382812 B CN114382812 B CN 114382812B
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- friction body
- tungsten carbide
- brake pad
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- 239000002783 friction material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 30
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- XQUPVDVFXZDTLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[4-[[4-(2,5-dioxopyrrol-1-yl)phenyl]methyl]phenyl]pyrrole-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)N1C(C=C1)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N2C(C=CC2=O)=O)C=C1 XQUPVDVFXZDTLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000002008 calcined petroleum coke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229920003192 poly(bis maleimide) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000002557 mineral fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910000505 Al2TiO5 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- AABBHSMFGKYLKE-SNAWJCMRSA-N propan-2-yl (e)-but-2-enoate Chemical compound C\C=C\C(=O)OC(C)C AABBHSMFGKYLKE-SNAWJCMRSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- KAEAMHPPLLJBKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+) sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[S-2].[S-2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] KAEAMHPPLLJBKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 102
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 56
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 241000357293 Leptobrama muelleri Species 0.000 claims description 41
- 230000030279 gene silencing Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 28
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 22
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 3
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ferrous sulfide Chemical compound [Fe]=S MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003831 antifriction material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003584 silencer Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D69/00—Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
- F16D69/02—Compositions of linings; Methods of manufacturing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/14—Anti-slip materials; Abrasives
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D69/00—Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2200/00—Materials; Production methods therefor
- F16D2200/0004—Materials; Production methods therefor metallic
- F16D2200/0008—Ferro
- F16D2200/0021—Steel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2200/00—Materials; Production methods therefor
- F16D2200/0004—Materials; Production methods therefor metallic
- F16D2200/0026—Non-ferro
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2200/00—Materials; Production methods therefor
- F16D2200/0034—Materials; Production methods therefor non-metallic
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2200/00—Materials; Production methods therefor
- F16D2200/0034—Materials; Production methods therefor non-metallic
- F16D2200/0052—Carbon
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2200/00—Materials; Production methods therefor
- F16D2200/006—Materials; Production methods therefor containing fibres or particles
- F16D2200/0065—Inorganic, e.g. non-asbestos mineral fibres
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2200/00—Materials; Production methods therefor
- F16D2200/0082—Production methods therefor
- F16D2200/0086—Moulding materials together by application of heat and pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2250/00—Manufacturing; Assembly
- F16D2250/0023—Shaping by pressure
Abstract
The invention provides a friction material, a friction body, a brake pad and a preparation method thereof, belongs to the field of brake materials, and overcomes the defects that when the existing brake pad is matched with a tungsten carbide coating brake disc for use, the friction coefficient is reduced, the braking torque is reduced and the technical parameter requirements are not met. The friction material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 8-12% of steel fiber, 5-7% of mineral fiber, 6-10% of bismaleimide resin, 3-7% of butadiene rubber, 5-9% of graphite paper scraps, 5-9% of tungsten carbide powder, 2-5% of aramid pulp, 3-7% of aluminum titanate, 5-10% of calcium hydroxide, 3-7% of silicon carbide, 3-6% of calcined alpha alumina, 10-16% of copper fiber, 6-10% of lead-free brass fiber, 3-7% of ferric sulfide, 5-8% of calcined petroleum coke and 10-15% of precipitated barium sulfate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of braking materials, and particularly relates to a friction material, a friction body and a brake pad suitable for a tungsten carbide coating brake disc and a preparation method of the friction material, the friction body and the brake pad.
Background
Along with the high-speed development of the economy in China, the development of the highway freight industry is rapid, and the market holding quantity of the commercial vehicle is more than 640 ten thousand. However, severe accidents associated with commercial vehicles occur at times, resulting in significant life and property losses. According to incomplete statistics, commercial vehicle accidents caused by brake failure account for nearly 3, and are one of the important reasons for causing the commercial vehicle accidents.
Because of the intense competition in the highway freight market, truck operators need more trucks to run faster to achieve higher operating efficiency in order to ensure profitability. Currently, the total weight of commercial vehicles is up to 49 tons, and the vehicle speed is generally 80 km/h. In the road sections needing frequent braking for a long time, especially in the road sections with long downhill, the frequent braking for a long time leads to overhigh temperature of the brake pad and the brake disc, and under the condition of serious abrasion of the brake disc, serious hot cracks are easy to form to cause the damage and the failure of the brake disc, thereby causing the brake failure and accidents.
In the prior art, the tungsten carbide coating is arranged on the surface of the brake disc to reduce the abrasion loss, ensure the safety performance and prolong the service life of the brake disc, but when the existing brake pad is matched with the brake disc with the tungsten carbide coating, the friction coefficient is reduced, the braking torque is reduced, and the requirements of technical parameters are not met. Thus, there is a need to prepare brake pads that match the tungsten carbide coating to improve the braking performance of the brake assembly.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects that when the existing brake pad is matched with the tungsten carbide coating brake disc for use, the friction coefficient is reduced, the braking torque is reduced and the technical parameter requirements are not met, so that the friction material, the friction body, the brake pad and the preparation method thereof are provided.
For this purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a friction material comprising, in mass percent: 8-12% of steel fiber, 5-7% of mineral fiber, 6-10% of bismaleimide resin, 3-7% of butadiene rubber, 5-9% of graphite paper scraps, 5-9% of tungsten carbide powder, 2-5% of aramid pulp, 3-7% of aluminum titanate, 5-10% of calcium hydroxide, 3-7% of silicon carbide, 3-6% of calcined alpha alumina, 10-16% of copper fiber, 6-10% of lead-free brass fiber, 3-7% of ferric sulfide, 5-8% of calcined petroleum coke and 10-15% of precipitated barium sulfate.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps in percentage by mass: 10% of steel fiber, 6% of mineral fiber, 8% of bismaleimide resin, 3% of butadiene rubber, 5% of graphite paper scraps, 7% of tungsten carbide powder, 3% of aramid pulp, 6% of aluminum titanate, 7% of calcium hydroxide, 4% of silicon carbide, 5% of calcined alpha alumina, 10% of copper fiber, 7% of lead-free brass fiber, 3% of ferric sulfide, 6% of calcined petroleum coke and 10% of precipitated barium sulfate.
Further, the fiber length of the steel fiber is 3-3.5 mm, and the fiber equivalent diameter is 0.08-0.1mm.
The mass content of slag balls of the mineral fibers is less than or equal to 20 percent, and the average fiber length is 300+/-50 mu m. The invention does not limit the specific composition of mineral fiber, and meets the requirements of the invention.
The bismaleimide resin has a melting point of 150-160 ℃, an acid value of less than or equal to 5mg KOH/g and a gel time of 200 ℃ less than 5min. The specific composition of the bismaleimide resin is not limited, and the use requirement of the bismaleimide resin can be met by meeting the conditions.
Butadiene rubber glass transition temperature: the cis structure content of the synthetic rubber polymerized by butadiene at 110 ℃ below zero is more than 95%. The invention does not limit the concrete composition of butadiene rubber, and meets the requirements of the invention.
The carbon mass content (%) of the graphite paper scraps is more than or equal to 99%, and the tensile strength is more than or equal to 4.5mPa.
Aramid pulp with specific surface area of 11+/-2 m 2 /g, length distribution: 1.8+ -0.4 mm. The specific composition of the aramid pulp is not limited, and the use requirement of the invention can be met by meeting the conditions.
The length of the red copper fiber is 2.5-5mm, and the equivalent diameter of the fiber is 0.08-0.1mm.
The length of the lead-free brass fiber is 2.5-5mm, and the equivalent diameter of the fiber is 0.08-0.1mm.
The fixed carbon mass content of the calcined petroleum coke is more than or equal to 98%, the sulfur mass content is less than or equal to 3.0%, the volatile mass content is less than or equal to 1.0%, and the ash mass content is less than or equal to 1.0%. The specific composition of the calcined petroleum coke is not limited, and the use requirement of the invention can be met by meeting the conditions.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a friction body made from the friction material described above.
In a third aspect, the present invention also provides a method for producing a friction body, comprising
Mixing the raw materials according to a certain proportion to form a mixture;
pressing the mixture to obtain a friction body blank;
and heating and solidifying the blank to obtain the friction body.
Further, the process of mixing the raw materials comprises: uniformly mixing steel fibers, mineral fibers, bismaleimide resin and butadiene rubber to obtain a mixture A;
uniformly mixing graphite paper scraps, tungsten carbide powder, aramid pulp, aluminum titanate, calcium hydroxide and silicon carbide to obtain a mixed material B;
uniformly mixing calcined alpha alumina, red copper fibers, leadless brass fibers, ferric sulfide, calcined petroleum coke and precipitated barium sulfate to obtain a mixed material C;
and uniformly mixing the mixture A, the mixture B and the mixture C to obtain the mixture.
Further, in the step of obtaining the mixed material A, the mixing time is 3-8min; in the step of obtaining the mixed material B, the mixing time is 3-8min; in the step of obtaining the mixed material C, the mixing time is 3-8min; in the step of obtaining the mixture, the mixing time is 10-20min.
Further, the pressing temperature is 165-170 ℃, the pressing pressure is 12-14 Mpa, and the pressing time is 500-800 s; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the curing temperature is 230-260 ℃ and the curing time is 8-10h.
In a fourth aspect, the invention also provides a brake pad, which comprises a steel back and the friction body or the friction body manufactured by the manufacturing method; preferably, the silencer further comprises a silencing sheet;
the friction body and the silencing piece are respectively arranged on two sides of the steel back.
In a fifth aspect, the invention also provides a method for preparing the brake pad,
and mixing the friction materials of the friction body into a mixture, heating and pressing the mixture and the steel back to prepare a blank, and heating and curing to obtain the brake pad.
Further, the preparation method of the blank comprises the steps of placing a mixture in a mould, performing shot blasting on the steel back, spraying back glue on the steel back, drying, and placing the surface of the steel back, on which the back glue is sprayed, on the mould towards the mixture for heating and pressing;
preferably, the method further comprises the step of installing a silencing sheet on the other side of the steel back.
Further, the mixing process includes: uniformly mixing steel fibers, mineral fibers, bismaleimide resin and butadiene rubber to obtain a mixture A; uniformly mixing graphite paper scraps, tungsten carbide powder, aramid pulp, aluminum titanate, calcium hydroxide and silicon carbide to obtain a mixed material B; uniformly mixing calcined alpha alumina, red copper fibers, leadless brass fibers, ferric sulfide, calcined petroleum coke and precipitated barium sulfate to obtain a mixed material C; uniformly mixing the mixture A, the mixture B and the mixture C to obtain the mixture; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
in the step of obtaining the mixed material A, the mixing time is 3-8min; in the step of obtaining the mixed material B, the mixing time is 3-8min; in the step of obtaining the mixed material C, the mixing time is 3-8min; in the step of obtaining the mixture, the mixing time is 10-20min; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the pressing temperature is 165-170 ℃, and the pressing pressure is 12-14 Mpa; and/or the pressing time is 500-800 s; and/or curing temperature is 230-260 ℃ and curing time is 8-10h.
In the step of obtaining the mixture A, the mixture B, the mixture C and the final mixture, the stirring speed during mixing is 500-2000 r/min, and is 1000r/min for example.
The purpose of the compression is to compression mold the friction material in the shape of a mold while ensuring that the density of the material after compression is within the desired range.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. the friction material provided by the invention comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 8-12% of steel fiber, 5-7% of mineral fiber, 6-10% of bismaleimide resin, 3-7% of butadiene rubber, 5-9% of graphite paper scraps, 5-9% of tungsten carbide powder, 2-5% of aramid pulp, 3-7% of aluminum titanate, 5-10% of calcium hydroxide, 3-7% of silicon carbide, 3-6% of calcined alpha alumina, 10-16% of copper fiber, 6-10% of lead-free brass fiber, 3-7% of ferric sulfide, 5-8% of calcined petroleum coke and 10-15% of precipitated barium sulfate. The friction material disclosed by the invention can be matched with a brake disc through specific raw materials in a specific proportion, especially can be matched with a tungsten carbide coating brake disc, so that the problems that the friction coefficient of a tungsten carbide coating brake disc friction pair is reduced and the braking torque is reduced at high temperature in the braking process are solved, a braking system has high and stable braking torque, a friction body has high friction coefficient and strong high temperature resistance, the braking efficiency of a braking assembly is obviously improved, and the aim of greatly improving the safety of a commercial vehicle is fulfilled.
The friction coefficient of the tungsten carbide powder can be increased, and the braking torque of the friction body and the tungsten carbide coating can meet the requirement when the friction body is matched with the tungsten carbide coating. The pH value of the friction body can be adjusted by calcium hydroxide, so that the pH value meets the expected requirement, the content of the calcium hydroxide is 5-10%, the content of the added calcium hydroxide is higher, on one hand, the pH value of the friction body can be adjusted to 10-13, so that the friction body and a tungsten carbide coating brake disc are not easy to rust and adhere, on the other hand, the calcium hydroxide also interacts with butadiene rubber in the application, the calcium hydroxide can be used as an auxiliary agent of rubber, and can also generate calcium carbonate and water with carbon dioxide under the high-temperature condition during braking, and part of heat is taken away by water vapor evaporation, so that the braking temperature is reduced, the friction coefficient is ensured not to decline, and the braking effect is improved. If the consumption of calcium hydroxide is reduced, the pH value of the friction body is changed, the braking temperature is relatively not reduced, and the braking torque is reduced.
The steel fiber can strengthen the matrix, the content is 8-12%, the reinforcing effect cannot be achieved due to the fact that the addition amount is too low, metal inlays are easy to form due to the fact that the addition amount is too high, and abrasion is caused to the brake disc. The mineral fiber can strengthen the matrix, the content is 5-7%, the addition amount is too low to play a role in strengthening, and the mixture with too high addition amount is easy to pelletize. Bismaleimide resin is one of the binders of friction materials, and too high a content can make the product hard and brittle. Butadiene rubber is also one of the binders for friction materials, and the hardness of the friction body can be adjusted. The graphite paper scraps are antifriction materials and are used for adjusting the friction coefficient of the friction body to enable the braking torque to be in a required range. The aramid pulp can enhance the shearing strength of the matrix, reduce the overall density of the friction body and play a role in weight reduction. Aluminum titanate has good heat resistance and can stabilize the friction coefficient. Silicon carbide and calcined alpha alumina can increase the friction coefficient, and if the addition amount is too large, the brake disc is abraded more. The red copper fiber and the leadless brass fiber have good heat resistance, can stabilize the friction coefficient, increase the shearing strength, and ensure that the friction coefficient is stable and the shearing strength is qualified. The iron sulfide has good heat resistance and can stabilize the friction coefficient. The calcined petroleum coke and the precipitated barium sulfate have good heat resistance, and can be used as a filler to stabilize the friction coefficient, and the calcined petroleum coke can also reduce the overall density of the brake pad.
Detailed Description
The following examples are provided for a better understanding of the present invention and are not limited to the preferred embodiments described herein, but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, any product which is the same or similar to the present invention, whether in light of the present teachings or in combination with other prior art features, falls within the scope of the present invention.
The specific experimental procedures or conditions are not noted in the examples and may be followed by the operations or conditions of conventional experimental procedures described in the literature in this field. The reagents or apparatus used were conventional reagent products commercially available without the manufacturer's knowledge.
The fiber length of the steel fiber is 3-3.5 mm, and the equivalent fiber diameter is 0.08-0.1mm; the mass content of slag balls of mineral fibers is less than or equal to 20 percent, and the average fiber length is 300+/-50 mu m; the bismaleimide resin has a melting point of 150-160 ℃, an acid value of less than or equal to 5mg KOH/g and a gel time of 200 ℃ less than 5min; butadiene rubber glass transition temperature: 110 ℃ below zero, and the cis structure content is more than 95%; the carbon mass content (%) of the graphite paper scraps is more than or equal to 99%, and the tensile strength is more than or equal to 4.5mPa; aramid pulp with specific surface area of 11+/-2 m 2 /g, length distribution: 1.8+/-0.4 mm; the length of the red copper fiber is 2.5-5mm, and the equivalent diameter of the fiber is 0.08-0.1mm; the length of the lead-free brass fiber is 2.5-5mm, and the equivalent diameter of the fiber is 0.08-0.1mm; the fixed carbon mass content of the calcined petroleum coke is more than or equal to 98%, the sulfur mass content is less than or equal to 3.0%, the volatile mass content is less than or equal to 1.0%, and the ash mass content is less than or equal to 1.0%.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a friction material, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10kg of steel fiber, 6kg of mineral fiber, 8kg of bismaleimide resin, 3kg of butadiene rubber, 5kg of graphite paper dust, 7kg of tungsten carbide powder, 3kg of aramid pulp, 6kg of aluminum titanate, 7kg of calcium hydroxide, 4kg of silicon carbide, 5kg of calcined alpha alumina, 10kg of red copper fiber, 7kg of lead-free brass fiber, 3kg of ferric sulfide, 6kg of calcined petroleum coke and 10kg of precipitated barium sulfate.
The embodiment provides a friction body, which is prepared from the friction material of the embodiment, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Respectively taking the steel fibers, the mineral fibers, the bismaleimide resin and the butadiene rubber and mixing for 4min to obtain a mixture A;
respectively mixing the graphite paper scraps, tungsten carbide powder, aramid pulp, aluminum titanate, calcium hydroxide and silicon carbide for 4min to obtain a mixed material B;
mixing the calcined alpha alumina, the red copper fiber, the leadless brass fiber, the ferric sulfide, the calcined petroleum coke and the precipitated barium sulfate for 4min to obtain a mixture C;
mixing the mixture A, the mixture B and the mixture C together for 10min to obtain a fully mixed mixture;
(2) Placing the mixture into a hot-pressing die for pressing, wherein the pressing temperature is 168 ℃, the pressing pressure is 13Mpa, and the pressing time is 600s; and heating and curing the heated blank, wherein the curing temperature is 240 ℃ and the curing time is 9h.
The embodiment also provides a brake pad, which comprises a steel back, the friction body and the silencing piece; the friction body and the silencing piece are respectively arranged on two sides of the steel back.
The embodiment provides a preparation method of the brake pad, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Shot blasting is carried out on the steel back, back glue is sprayed on the steel back, and drying is carried out;
(2) The mixture is prepared according to the step (1) of the preparation method of the friction body;
(3) The mixture is placed in a hot-pressing mold, and the surface of the steel back, which is sprayed with the back adhesive, faces the mixture and is placed on the mold, and the temperature and the time of pressing, heating and curing are the same as those of the friction body preparation method in the embodiment.
(4) And installing a silencing plate on the other surface of the steel back to obtain the brake block.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a friction material, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 8kg of steel fiber, 7kg of mineral fiber, 6kg of bismaleimide resin, 7kg of butadiene rubber, 5kg of graphite paper dust, 7kg of tungsten carbide powder, 2kg of aramid pulp, 5kg of aluminum titanate, 5kg of calcium hydroxide, 5kg of silicon carbide, 3kg of calcined alpha alumina, 13kg of red copper fiber, 6kg of lead-free brass fiber, 4kg of ferric sulfide, 5kg of calcined petroleum coke and 12kg of precipitated barium sulfate.
The embodiment provides a friction body, which is prepared from the friction material of the embodiment, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Respectively taking the steel fibers, the mineral fibers, the bismaleimide resin and the butadiene rubber and mixing for 8min to obtain a mixture A;
respectively mixing the graphite paper scraps, tungsten carbide powder, aramid pulp, aluminum titanate, calcium hydroxide and silicon carbide for 8 minutes to obtain a mixture B;
mixing the calcined alpha alumina, the red copper fiber, the leadless brass fiber, the ferric sulfide, the calcined petroleum coke and the precipitated barium sulfate for 8min to obtain a mixture C;
mixing the mixture A, the mixture B and the mixture C together for 15min to obtain a fully mixed mixture;
(2) Placing the mixture into a hot-pressing die for pressing, wherein the pressing temperature is 170 ℃, the pressing pressure is 12Mpa, and the pressing time is 800s; and heating and curing the heated blank at a curing temperature of 260 ℃ for 8 hours.
A brake block comprises a steel back, the friction body and a silencing plate; the friction body and the silencing piece are respectively arranged on two sides of the steel back.
The embodiment provides a preparation method of the brake pad, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Shot blasting is carried out on the steel back, back glue is sprayed on the steel back, and drying is carried out;
(2) The mixture is prepared according to the step (1) of the preparation method of the friction body;
(3) The mixture is placed in a hot-pressing mold, and the surface of the steel back, which is sprayed with the back adhesive, faces the mixture and is placed on the mold, and the temperature and the time of pressing, heating and curing are the same as those of the friction body preparation method in the embodiment.
(4) And installing a silencing plate on the other surface of the steel back to obtain the brake block.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a friction material, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 12kg of steel fiber, 5kg of mineral fiber, 8kg of bismaleimide resin, 3kg of butadiene rubber, 7kg of graphite paper dust, 5kg of tungsten carbide powder, 3kg of aramid pulp, 3kg of aluminum titanate, 10kg of calcium hydroxide, 3kg of silicon carbide, 4kg of calcined alpha alumina, 10kg of red copper fiber, 8kg of lead-free brass fiber, 3kg of ferric sulfide, 6kg of calcined petroleum coke and 10kg of precipitated barium sulfate.
The embodiment provides a friction body, which is prepared from the friction material of the embodiment, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Respectively taking the steel fibers, the mineral fibers, the bismaleimide resin and the butadiene rubber and mixing for 5min to obtain a mixture A;
respectively mixing the graphite paper scraps, tungsten carbide powder, aramid pulp, aluminum titanate, calcium hydroxide and silicon carbide for 5min to obtain a mixed material B;
mixing the calcined alpha alumina, the red copper fiber, the leadless brass fiber, the ferric sulfide, the calcined petroleum coke and the precipitated barium sulfate for 5min to obtain a mixture C;
mixing the mixture A, the mixture B and the mixture C together for 20min to obtain a fully mixed mixture;
(2) Placing the mixture into a hot-pressing die for pressing, wherein the pressing temperature is 165 ℃, the pressing pressure is 12Mpa, and the pressing time is 500s; and heating and curing the heated blank at 230 ℃ for 10 hours.
The embodiment provides a brake pad, which comprises a steel back, the friction body and a silencing piece; the friction body and the silencing piece are respectively arranged on two sides of the steel back.
The embodiment provides a preparation method of the brake pad, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Shot blasting is carried out on the steel back, back glue is sprayed on the steel back, and drying is carried out;
(2) The mixture is prepared according to the step (1) of the preparation method of the friction body;
(3) The mixture is placed in a hot-pressing mold, and the surface of the steel back, which is sprayed with the back adhesive, faces the mixture and is placed on the mold, and the temperature and the time of pressing, heating and curing are the same as those of the friction body preparation method in the embodiment.
(4) And installing a silencing plate on the other surface of the steel back to obtain the brake block.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a friction material, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 8kg of steel fiber, 5kg of mineral fiber, 6kg of bismaleimide resin, 4kg of butadiene rubber, 6kg of graphite paper dust, 5kg of tungsten carbide powder, 2kg of aramid pulp, 5kg of aluminum titanate, 5kg of calcium hydroxide, 3kg of silicon carbide, 5kg of calcined alpha alumina, 12kg of red copper fiber, 10kg of lead-free brass fiber, 3kg of ferric sulfide, 6kg of calcined petroleum coke and 15kg of precipitated barium sulfate.
The embodiment provides a friction body, which is prepared from the friction material of the embodiment, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Respectively taking the steel fibers, the mineral fibers, the bismaleimide resin and the butadiene rubber and mixing for 4min to obtain a mixture A;
respectively mixing the graphite paper scraps, tungsten carbide powder, aramid pulp, aluminum titanate, calcium hydroxide and silicon carbide for 8 minutes to obtain a mixture B;
mixing the calcined alpha alumina, the red copper fiber, the leadless brass fiber, the ferric sulfide, the calcined petroleum coke and the precipitated barium sulfate for 5min to obtain a mixture C;
mixing the mixture A, the mixture B and the mixture C together for 15min to obtain a fully mixed mixture;
(2) Placing the mixture into a hot-pressing die for pressing, wherein the pressing temperature is 168 ℃, the pressing pressure is 13Mpa, and the pressing time is 600s; and heating and curing the heated blank, wherein the curing temperature is 240 ℃ and the curing time is 9h.
The embodiment also provides a brake pad, which comprises a steel back, the friction body and the silencing piece; the friction body and the silencing piece are respectively arranged on two sides of the steel back.
The embodiment provides a preparation method of the brake pad, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Shot blasting is carried out on the steel back, back glue is sprayed on the steel back, and drying is carried out;
(2) The mixture is prepared according to the step (1) of the preparation method of the friction body;
(3) The mixture is placed in a hot-pressing mold, and the surface of the steel back, which is sprayed with the back adhesive, faces the mixture and is placed on the mold, and the temperature and the time of pressing, heating and curing are the same as those of the friction body preparation method in the embodiment.
(4) And installing a silencing plate on the other surface of the steel back to obtain the brake block.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a friction material, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10kg of steel fiber, 5kg of mineral fiber, 6kg of bismaleimide resin, 5kg of butadiene rubber, 9kg of graphite paper dust, 9kg of tungsten carbide powder, 2kg of aramid pulp, 3kg of aluminum titanate, 5kg of calcium hydroxide, 3kg of silicon carbide, 3kg of calcined alpha alumina, 16kg of red copper fiber, 6kg of lead-free brass fiber, 3kg of ferric sulfide, 5kg of calcined petroleum coke and 10kg of precipitated barium sulfate.
The embodiment provides a friction body, which is prepared from the friction material of the embodiment, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Respectively taking the steel fibers, the mineral fibers, the bismaleimide resin and the butadiene rubber and mixing for 4min to obtain a mixture A;
respectively mixing the graphite paper scraps, tungsten carbide powder, aramid pulp, aluminum titanate, calcium hydroxide and silicon carbide for 4min to obtain a mixed material B;
mixing the calcined alpha alumina, the red copper fiber, the leadless brass fiber, the ferric sulfide, the calcined petroleum coke and the precipitated barium sulfate for 4min to obtain a mixture C;
mixing the mixture A, the mixture B and the mixture C together for 10min to obtain a fully mixed mixture;
(2) Placing the mixture into a hot-pressing die for pressing, wherein the pressing temperature is 168 ℃, the pressing pressure is 13Mpa, and the pressing time is 600s; and heating and curing the heated blank, wherein the curing temperature is 240 ℃ and the curing time is 9h.
The embodiment also provides a brake pad, which comprises a steel back, the friction body and the silencing piece; the friction body and the silencing piece are respectively arranged on two sides of the steel back.
The embodiment provides a preparation method of the brake pad, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Shot blasting is carried out on the steel back, back glue is sprayed on the steel back, and drying is carried out;
(2) The mixture is prepared according to the step (1) of the preparation method of the friction body;
(3) The mixture is placed in a hot-pressing mold, and the surface of the steel back, which is sprayed with the back adhesive, faces the mixture and is placed on the mold, and the temperature and the time of pressing, heating and curing are the same as those of the friction body preparation method in the embodiment.
(4) And installing a silencing plate on the other surface of the steel back to obtain the brake block.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example provides a friction body and a brake pad, both of which were prepared according to example 1 in CN 110628216A.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example provides a friction body and a brake pad having substantially the same composition and preparation method as those of example 1, except that silicon carbide was used instead of tungsten carbide powder in both the friction body and the brake pad.
Comparative example 3
The comparative example provides a friction body and a brake pad having substantially the same composition and preparation method as those of example 1, except that the friction body and the brake pad of the comparative example each had a tungsten carbide powder content of 3kg, which was lower than the limit value of the present application.
Comparative example 4
The present comparative example provides a friction body and a brake pad having substantially the same composition and preparation method as those of example 1, except that neither the friction body nor the brake pad of the present comparative example is added with calcium hydroxide.
Comparative example 5
The present comparative example provides a friction body and a brake pad having substantially the same composition and preparation method as those of example 1, except that the content of calcium hydroxide in both the friction body and the brake pad of the present comparative example was 2kg, and the content of calcium hydroxide was lower than the limit value of the present application.
Test example 1
Physical property test standards and technical requirements of the friction body and the brake pad are shown in table 1, and physical properties of the friction body and the brake pad prepared in examples 1 to 5 are respectively tested according to the physical property test standards shown in table 1, and test results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 1 physical Property test Standard and technical requirements
TABLE 2 physical Properties of examples 1-5 and comparative examples 1-5
The physical properties of the friction body and the brake pad prepared by the method of the invention can meet the technical requirements.
Test example 2
The brake pads of each example and comparative example were individually mounted in a brake caliper and then mounted on a commercial vehicle bench with a tungsten carbide coated brake disc (manufactured according to CN 107723645A example 1, size:. Phi.395 x 45), the brake moments of each set of brake pads were tested in the following experimental terms at the initial brake speeds listed in the table below with reference to the specifications of standard QC/T239-2015 commercial vehicle service brake specifications and bench test method: 1 first time efficacy; 2 first normal temperature efficiency; 3 second potency; 4 third potency; 5 the second normal temperature efficiency; fourth potency.
TABLE 3 Effect moment for examples 1-5
Table 4 comparative examples 1-5 efficacy moment
The braking moment measured at the second braking speed of the performance test is denoted as M performance 2, the braking moment measured at the third braking speed of the performance test is denoted as M performance 3, and the braking moment measured at the fourth braking speed of the performance test is denoted as M performance 4.
When the brake pad is matched with the tungsten carbide coating brake disc, the technical parameters need to meet the following requirements: the rated braking torque Md at a pressure of 1.0MPa needs to reach 22000 N.m. According to the requirements of rated braking moment Md and braking moment M in the first primary efficacy test in the table, the braking moment M of the first primary efficacy test of each embodiment and comparative example is calculated to meet the requirement of not less than 15840 N.m. According to the requirements of the braking moment M and M efficiency 2 in the first room temperature efficiency test in the table, the braking moment M in the first room temperature efficiency test of the examples 1-5 and the comparative examples 1-5 is calculated to be larger than or equal to 15093.75 N.m, 15173.25 N.m, 14937 N.m, 14835 N.m, 15270.75 N.m, 11835.75 N.m, 14117.25 N.m, 14541.75 N.m, 14385 N.m and 14627.25 N.m respectively. According to the requirements of rated braking moment Md and braking moment M of the braking vehicle speed of 60km/h in the second efficiency experiment in the table, the braking moment M in the second efficiency experiment of each example and comparative example is calculated to meet the requirement that M is not less than 19800 and not more than 26400 N.m. According to the requirements of rated braking moment Md and braking moment M of the braking speed 60km/h in the third efficiency experiment in the table, the braking moment M of the braking speed 60km/h in the third efficiency experiment of each example and comparative example is calculated to meet the requirement that M is not less than 19800 and not more than 26400 N.m. According to the requirements of the braking moment M and M efficiency 4 in the second room temperature efficiency test in the table, the braking moment M in the second room temperature efficiency test of the examples 1-5 and the comparative examples 1-5 is calculated to be larger than or equal to 15593.25 N.m, 15672 N.m, 15435 N.m, 15334.5 N.m, 15788.25 N.m, 11538 N.m, 13802.25 N.m, 14200.5 N.m, 14888.25 N.m and 15155.25 N.m respectively. According to the requirements of rated braking moment Md and braking moment M of the braking speed 60km/h in the fourth efficacy experiment in the table, the braking moment M of the braking speed 60km/h in the fourth efficacy experiment of each example and comparative example is calculated to meet the requirement that M is not less than 19800 and not more than 26400 N.m.
As can be seen from Table 3, the torques of examples 1 to 5 all meet the requirements, while the first performance of comparative examples 1 to 5 all do not meet the requirements, neither the second performance (braking speed 60 km/h) nor the third performance (braking speed 60 km/h) of comparative examples 1 to 3 nor the fourth performance (braking speed 60 km/h) of comparative example 1 nor the overall braking torque of comparative examples 1 to 5 is lower than that of examples 1 to 5.
The friction material is matched with the tungsten carbide coating brake disc under the specific proportion of specific raw materials, the prepared friction body is matched with the tungsten carbide coating brake disc, the use requirement is met, and the brake torque is kept at a higher level as a whole.
Test example 3
The brake pads were fitted into a brake caliper and then mounted on a commercial vehicle bench together with a tungsten carbide coated brake disc (manufactured according to CN 107723645A example 1, size:. Phi.395 x 45), and abrasion tests were performed with reference to standard QC/T239-2015 commercial vehicle service brake specification and bench test method 7.2.4, with initial brake speed 50km/h, initial brake temperature 400 ℃ for 200 times, braking deceleration 3.0m/s 2 。
The above test was performed on an inner sheet and an outer sheet, the inner sheet being a portion of the brake sheet on a side close to the brake cylinder (the brake cylinder is a component of the brake caliper), and the outer sheet being a portion of the brake sheet on a side far from the brake cylinder. The abrasion test results are shown in Table 5.
TABLE 5 thickness wear of examples 1-5 and comparative example 1
The master and slave plates of examples 1-5 of the present invention each had a wear thickness of < 0.5mm, with significantly reduced wear compared to comparative example 1. The invention reasonably controls the component proportion of the friction material, ensures that the friction body and the tungsten carbide coating brake disc do not generate abnormal wear, can provide excellent braking performance, and has excellent heat resistance on long downhill road sections, low coefficient of friction decay rate and braking torque of the braking assembly meeting braking requirements.
The product has high and stable friction performance, high heat resistance and service life of over 8 ten thousand kilometers on both flat road and long downhill road sections through loading test and verification. The result proves that the product is well matched with a brake and a brake disc, the abrasion of the brake disc is ultralow, no obvious scratch and crack are generated on the surface of the brake disc, the brake disc is not cracked, a brake pad is complete, delamination and scorching are avoided, the friction pair (a friction body and the brake disc) has stable braking moment at high temperature and low decay rate in the braking process, the braking efficiency of a brake assembly is maintained, and the aim of greatly improving the safety of a commercial vehicle is fulfilled.
It is apparent that the above examples are given by way of illustration only and are not limiting of the embodiments. Other variations or modifications of the above teachings will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications thereof are contemplated as falling within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. A friction material characterized by comprising, in mass percent: 8-12% of steel fibers, 5-7% of mineral fibers, 6-10% of bismaleimide resin, 3-7% of butadiene rubber, 5-9% of graphite paper scraps, 5-9% of tungsten carbide powder, 2-5% of aramid pulp, 3-7% of aluminum titanate, 5-10% of calcium hydroxide, 3-7% of silicon carbide, 3-6% of calcined alpha alumina, 10-16% of copper fibers, 6-10% of lead-free brass fibers, 3-7% of ferric sulfide, 5-8% of calcined petroleum coke and 10-15% of precipitated barium sulfate;
the friction material is matched with the tungsten carbide coating brake disc for use;
the tungsten carbide powder can increase the friction coefficient, so that the braking torque of the friction material and the tungsten carbide coating brake disc can meet the requirement when the friction material is matched with the tungsten carbide coating brake disc for use; the pH value of the friction material can be adjusted to 10-13 by the calcium hydroxide, so that the friction material is not easy to rust and adhere to the tungsten carbide coating brake disc, the calcium hydroxide interacts with butadiene rubber, the calcium hydroxide can be used as an auxiliary agent of the butadiene rubber, calcium carbonate and water can be generated by the calcium hydroxide and carbon dioxide under the high-temperature condition during braking, and part of heat is taken away by evaporation of water vapor, so that the braking temperature is reduced, the friction coefficient is ensured not to decline, and the braking effect is improved; aluminum titanate has good heat resistance and can stabilize the friction coefficient; silicon carbide, calcined alpha alumina, can increase the coefficient of friction.
2. A friction body, characterized in that it is produced by using the friction material according to claim 1.
3. A method for producing a friction body according to claim 2, comprising,
mixing the components of the friction material in proportion to form a mixture;
pressing the mixture to obtain a friction body blank;
and heating and solidifying the blank to obtain the friction body.
4. A method of preparing a friction body as claimed in claim 3 wherein the mixing process comprises: uniformly mixing steel fibers, mineral fibers, bismaleimide resin and butadiene rubber to obtain a mixture A;
uniformly mixing graphite paper scraps, tungsten carbide powder, aramid pulp, aluminum titanate, calcium hydroxide and silicon carbide to obtain a mixed material B;
uniformly mixing calcined alpha alumina, red copper fibers, leadless brass fibers, ferric sulfide, calcined petroleum coke and precipitated barium sulfate to obtain a mixed material C;
and uniformly mixing the mixture A, the mixture B and the mixture C to obtain the mixture.
5. The method of producing a friction body according to claim 4, wherein in the step of obtaining the mixture a, the mixing time is 3 to 8 minutes; in the step of obtaining the mixed material B, the mixing time is 3-8min; in the step of obtaining the mixed material C, the mixing time is 3-8min; in the step of obtaining the mixture, the mixing time is 10-20min.
6. A method of producing a friction body according to claim 3, wherein the pressing temperature is 165 to 170 ℃ and the pressing pressure is 12 to 14Mpa; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
pressing for 500-800 s; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the curing temperature is 230-260 ℃ and the curing time is 8-10h.
7. A brake pad comprising a steel backing and a friction body according to claim 2 or a friction body produced by a method according to any one of claims 3 to 6.
8. The brake pad of claim 7, further comprising a sound damping patch;
the friction body and the silencing piece are respectively arranged on two sides of the steel back.
9. A method for manufacturing a brake pad according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the friction material of the friction body is mixed into a mixture, the mixture and the steel backing are pressed to obtain a blank, and the blank is heated and cured to obtain the brake pad.
10. The method for manufacturing a brake pad according to claim 9, wherein the method for manufacturing the blank comprises the steps of placing a mixture in a mold, shot blasting the steel back, spraying back glue on the steel back, drying, and placing the surface of the steel back, on which the back glue is sprayed, on the mold towards the mixture for heating and pressing.
11. The method of manufacturing a brake pad according to claim 9, further comprising the step of mounting a sound deadening sheet on the other side of the steel backing.
12. The method for manufacturing a brake pad according to claim 9, wherein,
the mixing process comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing steel fibers, mineral fibers, bismaleimide resin and butadiene rubber to obtain a mixture A; uniformly mixing graphite paper scraps, tungsten carbide powder, aramid pulp, aluminum titanate, calcium hydroxide and silicon carbide to obtain a mixed material B; uniformly mixing calcined alpha alumina, red copper fibers, leadless brass fibers, ferric sulfide, calcined petroleum coke and precipitated barium sulfate to obtain a mixed material C; uniformly mixing the mixture A, the mixture B and the mixture C to obtain the mixture; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the pressing temperature is 165-170 ℃, and the pressing pressure is 12-14 Mpa; and/or pressing for 500-800 s; and/or curing temperature is 230-260 ℃ and curing time is 8-10h.
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