CN114382564A

CN114382564A - Novel supercritical carbon dioxide turbine and method for providing heat energy for same

Info

Publication number: CN114382564A
Application number: CN202210093055.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙震; 薛冬梅; 顾时雨; 王星浩
Original assignee: China India Hengsheng Beijing Trading Co ltd
Current assignee: China India Hengsheng Beijing Trading Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-01-26
Filing date: 2022-01-26
Publication date: 2022-04-22

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel supercritical carbon dioxide turbine and a method for providing heat energy for the same. The turbine may be operated at about 1022 ° F (about 550 ℃) or higher.

Description

Novel supercritical carbon dioxide turbine and method for providing heat energy for same

Technical Field

The invention discloses a novel supercritical carbon dioxide turbine, and particularly relates to a carbon dioxide turbine driven by renewable energy.

Background

As global warming is caused by depletion of fossil fuels supplied on earth and consumption of fossil fuels, demand for clean and renewable energy is increasing. Solar power towers utilize solar rays to generate electricity by receiving high-density solar radiation at a collector mounted on the tower. Solar tower systems typically include a cold reservoir, a solar collector, a heliostat, a hot reservoir, and an energy conversion system. In operation, heat transfer fluid is pumped from the cold storage tank to the solar collector. The heat transfer fluid may be any medium as long as it has a heat transfer ability and has high heat resistance.

The heat transfer medium is heated in the solar collector and then typically flows into a high temperature heat storage tank. This heat transfer fluid is stored in a high temperature thermal storage tank until power generation is required. Due to the adoption of the high-temperature heat storage tank device, power can be generated even under the condition of no sunlight. The hot heat transfer medium is pumped from the hot storage tank to the energy conversion system when electrical energy needs to be generated. The heat transfer fluid transfers heat within the energy conversion system. For example, the energy conversion system may be a rankine cycle conversion system or a brayton cycle conversion system. Brayton cycles include a regenerative heat exchanger (also known as a regenerator) that is generally more efficient than rankine cycles, which are about 34% to 40% efficient. The heat transfer fluid that loses heat is sent back to the cold storage tank for reuse.

However, in view of global warming due to exhaustion of natural resources and air pollution, there is a strong need in the art for a method of generating electricity using renewable energy. Furthermore, since solar plants are typically expensive to invest in, there is a need in the art for an efficient and cost-effective method of generating electricity.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a novel supercritical carbon dioxide turbine and a method for providing heat energy to the same, wherein a turbine system comprises the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine and a solar heating system. The solar heating system includes a heat transfer fluid that provides thermal energy to a supercritical carbon dioxide turbine.

During operation, the heat transfer fluid is stored in the refrigerator. The heat transfer fluid is pumped to the solar collector. Heliostats redirect radiation from the sun and collect it at high density on solar collectors. Such solar collectors convert redirected sunlight into thermal energy. As the heat transfer fluid flows through the solar collector, it is heated by the densely collected solar energy. The solar collector has heat resistant characteristics and can withstand temperatures above about 1065 ° F (about 574 ℃).

The heat transfer fluid is heated in the solar collector to the desired temperature and then flows into the high temperature storage tank. The heat transfer fluid is then stored in a high temperature thermal storage tank until the supercritical carbon dioxide system generates electricity. The high-temperature heat storage tank can generate electricity even in cloudy days or at night. When power generation is required, the heated heat transfer fluid is pumped from the thermal storage tank through a heat exchanger to the supercritical carbon dioxide system to provide thermal energy. As the heat transfer fluid passes through the heat exchanger, the heat transfer fluid, which loses thermal energy, rapidly drops to about 800 ° F (about 427 ℃). The heat transfer fluid is returned to the cold storage tank and stored in the closed cycle solar heating system until re-use.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a turbine system according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a supercritical carbon dioxide turbine, generally including a solar heating system 12 and a supercritical carbon dioxide turbine system 14. The solar heating system 12 operates for up to 24 hours per day for providing thermal energy to the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine system 14. By using the solar heating system 12 in conjunction with the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine system 14, the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine system 14 can be effectively used and the electrical conversion efficiency of the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine system 14 is reduced.

The solar heating system 12 generally includes a circulation system 16, a thermal storage tank 18, a solar collector 20, heliostats 22, a thermal storage tank 24, and a heat exchanger 26. The circulation system 16 is a system that allows heat transfer fluid to flow through the solar heating system 12 and generally includes a main line 28, a branch line 30, a cold pump 32a and a heat pump 32 b. The main line 28 delivers the heat transfer fluid from the refrigeration case 18 to the solar collector 20. The auxiliary line 30 carries the heat transfer fluid from the hot reservoir tank 24 in a closed loop fashion to the heat exchanger 26 and then back to the cold reservoir tank 18. The heat transfer fluid is pumped by cryogenic pump 32a to main line 28 and by high temperature pump 32b to branch line 30.

During operation, the heat transfer fluid is stored in the refrigeration cases 18. The heat transfer fluid is pumped by pump 32a to solar collector 20. The heliostats 22 redirect radiation from the sun and collect it at high density on the solar collector. Such solar collectors convert redirected sunlight into thermal energy. As the heat transfer fluid flows through the solar collector 20, it is heated by the densely collected solar energy. The solar collector 20 is heat resistant and can withstand temperatures above about 1065F (about 574C). In one embodiment, the solar heating system 12 is a solar tower system.

Claims

1. A novel supercritical carbon dioxide turbine and method of providing thermal energy thereto, comprising a high temperature regenerator having a first inlet connected to an outlet of the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine and a first outlet; a low temperature regenerator having a first inlet connected to the first outlet of the high temperature regenerator and a first outlet; a first valve having an inlet, a first outlet, and a second outlet, the inlet connected to the first outlet of the cold regenerator; a compressor connected to the first outlet of the first valve; a precooler connected to the second outlet of the first valve; also provided is a solar heating system having a heat transfer fluid for supplying thermal energy to a supercritical carbon dioxide turbine.

2. The built-in heat transfer fluid in a solar heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fluid comprises about 50 wt% to about 70 wt% sodium nitrate and about 30 wt% to about 50 wt% potassium nitrate, and the solar heating system heats the heat transfer fluid to a temperature greater than or equal to about 1065 ° F (about 574 ℃).

3. The novel supercritical carbon dioxide turbine according to claim 1, further comprising a heat exchanger to transfer heat energy from the heat transfer fluid to the carbon dioxide brayton cycle working fluid.

4. The novel supercritical carbon dioxide turbine as claimed in claim 1 wherein the high temperature regenerator receives and cools a brayton cycle working fluid from the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine; the low-temperature heat regenerator receives and cools the Brayton cycle working fluid from the high-temperature heat regenerator; the first valve divides the low temperature regenerator cooled brayton cycle working fluid into a first portion that flows into the precooler and a second portion that does not flow into the precooler.

5. The novel supercritical carbon dioxide turbine and method of providing thermal energy thereto of claim 1 wherein: wherein the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine is operated at an inlet temperature of about 1022 ° F (about 550 ℃), the heat transfer fluid providing thermal energy to the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine.

6. The novel supercritical carbon dioxide turbine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the cooled brayton cycle working fluid from the cold regenerator can be divided into first and second portions: cooling the Brayton cycle working fluid to a first fraction; the Brayton cycle working fluid is not cooled to the second fraction.