CN114382564A - A new type of supercritical carbon dioxide turbine and method for providing thermal energy thereto - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel supercritical carbon dioxide turbine and a method for providing heat energy for the same. The turbine may be operated at about 1022 ° F (about 550 ℃) or higher.

Description

A new type of supercritical carbon dioxide turbine and method for providing thermal energy thereto

technical field

The invention discloses a novel supercritical carbon dioxide turbine, in particular to a carbon dioxide turbine driven by renewable energy.

Background technique

The demand for clean and renewable energy is increasing due to the depletion of the fossil fuels supplied on earth and the consumption of fossil fuels leading to global warming. Solar power towers use the sun's rays to generate electricity by receiving high-density solar radiation on collectors installed on the tower. Solar tower systems typically include cold storage tanks, solar collectors, heliostats, thermal storage tanks, and energy conversion systems. In operation, heat transfer fluid is pumped from the thermal storage tank to the solar collectors. The heat transfer fluid may be any medium as long as it has heat transfer capability and high heat resistance.

After the heat transfer medium is heated in the solar collector, it usually flows into a high temperature heat storage tank. This heat transfer fluid is stored in a high temperature heat storage tank until needed to generate electricity. Thanks to the high temperature heat storage tank device, electricity can be generated even when there is no sunlight. The hot heat transfer medium is pumped from the thermal storage tank to the energy conversion system when electrical energy is required to be generated. Heat transfer fluids transfer heat within the energy conversion system. For example, the energy conversion system may be a Rankine cycle conversion system or a Brayton cycle conversion system. The Brayton cycle includes a regenerative heat exchanger (also called a regenerator), which is generally more efficient than the Rankine cycle, which is around 34% to 40% efficient. The heat transfer fluid that has lost heat is sent back to the cold storage tank for reuse.

But given the depletion of natural resources and global warming caused by air pollution, there is an urgent need in the art for a method of generating electricity using renewable energy. Furthermore, since solar power plants are often expensive to invest in, there is a need in the art for an efficient and cost-effective method of generating electricity.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to propose a novel supercritical carbon dioxide turbine and a method for providing thermal energy thereto, wherein the turbine system includes a supercritical carbon dioxide turbine and a solar heating system. The solar heating system includes a heat transfer fluid that provides thermal energy to a supercritical carbon dioxide turbine.

During operation, the heat transfer fluid is stored in the refrigerator. The heat transfer fluid is pumped to the solar collector. Heliostats redirect radiation from the sun and collect it at high density on solar collectors. This solar collector converts redirected sunlight into heat. As the heat transfer fluid flows through the solar collector, it is heated by the densely collected solar energy. Solar collectors are heat resistant and can withstand temperatures above approximately 1065°F (approximately 574°C).

The heat transfer fluid is heated to the desired temperature in the solar collector and then flows into a high temperature storage tank. The heat transfer fluid is then stored in a high temperature heat storage tank until the supercritical carbon dioxide system generates electricity. High temperature thermal storage tanks can generate electricity even on cloudy days or at night. When power generation is required, the heated heat transfer fluid is pumped from the thermal storage tank through a heat exchanger to the supercritical carbon dioxide system to provide thermal energy. As the heat transfer fluid passes through the heat exchanger, the heat transfer fluid that loses thermal energy drops rapidly to about 800°F. (about 427°C). This heat transfer fluid is returned to the cold storage tank and stored in a closed cycle solar heating system until reused.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the turbine system according to the present invention.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Please refer to FIG. 1 , an embodiment provided by the present invention. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a supercritical carbon dioxide turbine, which generally includes a solar heating system 12 and a supercritical carbon dioxide turbine system 14 . The solar heating system 12 operates up to 24 hours a day to provide thermal energy to the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine system 14 . By using the solar heating system 12 in conjunction with the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine system 14, the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine system 14 may be used efficiently and the electrical conversion efficiency of the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine system 14 may be reduced.

The solar heating system 12 generally includes a circulation system 16 , a thermal storage tank 18 , a solar collector 20 , heliostats 22 , a thermal storage tank 24 and a heat exchanger 26 . The circulation system 16 is a system that allows a heat transfer fluid to flow through the solar heating system 12 and generally includes a main line 28, a branch line 30, a cold pump 32a and a heat pump 32b. The main line 28 conveys the heat transfer fluid from the reefer 18 to the solar collector 20 . Auxiliary line 30 conveys the heat transfer fluid from the hot reservoir 24 to the heat exchanger 26 in a closed loop and then back to the cold reservoir 18 . Heat transfer fluid is pumped to main line 28 by cryopump 32a and to branch line 30 by high temperature pump 32b.

During operation, the heat transfer fluid is stored in the refrigerated tank 18 . This heat transfer fluid is pumped to solar collector 20 by pump 32a. Heliostats 22 redirect radiation from the sun and collect it at high density on a solar collector. This solar collector converts redirected sunlight into heat. As the heat transfer fluid flows through the solar collector 20, it is heated by the densely collected solar energy. The solar collector 20 is heat resistant and can withstand temperatures above about 1065°F (about 574°C). In one embodiment, the solar heating system 12 is a solar tower system.

Claims (6)

1. A novel supercritical carbon dioxide turbine and a method for providing thermal energy thereto, comprising a high temperature regenerator having a first inlet and a first outlet connected to the outlet of the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine; a low temperature regenerator having a connection a first inlet and a first outlet to a first outlet of a high temperature regenerator; a first valve having an inlet, a first outlet and a second outlet, the inlet being connected to the first outlet of the cold regenerator; compression a precooler connected to the second outlet of the first valve; and a solar heating system having a heat transfer system for supplying thermal energy to the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine thermal fluid. 2. The built-in heat transfer fluid in a solar heating system according to claim 1, wherein the fluid comprises about 50 wt% to about 70 wt% sodium nitrate and about 30 wt% to about 50 wt% nitric acid Potassium, solar heating systems heat the heat transfer fluid to a temperature greater than or equal to about 1065°F. (about 574°C). 3. A novel supercritical carbon dioxide turbine according to claim 1, further comprising a heat exchanger for transferring thermal energy from the heat transfer fluid to the carbon dioxide Brayton cycle working fluid. 4. A new type of supercritical carbon dioxide turbine according to claim 1, wherein the high temperature regenerator receives and cools the Brayton cycle working fluid from the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine; the low temperature regenerator receives and cools the Brayton cycle working fluid from the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine; The Brayton cycle working fluid of the high temperature regenerator; the first valve divides the Brayton cycle working fluid cooled by the low temperature regenerator into a first part that flows into the precooler and a second part that does not flow into the precooler. 5. A novel supercritical carbon dioxide turbine and method for providing thermal energy thereto according to claim 1, wherein the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine operates at an inlet temperature of about 1022°F. (about 550°C). , the heat transfer fluid provides thermal energy to the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine. 6. a kind of novel supercritical carbon dioxide turbine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the cooling Brayton cycle working fluid from cold regenerator can be divided into first and second parts: cooling Brayton cycle working fluid is the first part; the uncooled Brayton cycle working fluid is the second part.

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