CN114381153B - Fireproof material containing nano porous flame retardant material for inner and outer walls of buildings - Google Patents
Fireproof material containing nano porous flame retardant material for inner and outer walls of buildings Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D1/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, based on inorganic substances
- C09D1/02—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, based on inorganic substances alkali metal silicates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D1/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, based on inorganic substances
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/18—Fireproof paints including high temperature resistant paints
- C09D5/185—Intumescent paints
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
- C09D7/61—Additives non-macromolecular inorganic
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
- E04B1/94—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against fire
- E04B1/941—Building elements specially adapted therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
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Abstract
The invention provides a building interior and exterior wall fireproof material containing a nano-porous flame retardant material, which comprises two mutually unmixed components A and B or two components A and B and three unmixed components of water, wherein the component A comprises a heat insulation material, and the component B comprises a super-high temperature resistant fireproof material; the heat insulation material of the component A is used as a base coating material and comprises a porous heat insulation and cooling material and a high-temperature-resistant inorganic coupling agent; the super high temperature resistant fireproof material of the component B is used as a surface coating material and comprises a high temperature resistant inorganic coupling agent, zirconium oxide, boron nitride and/or aluminum phosphate. The material of the invention can keep the wall body at about normal temperature for a long time at the temperature of over 1200 ℃, thereby achieving the effects of heat insulation and fire prevention.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a building interior and exterior wall fireproof material, in particular to a building interior and exterior wall fireproof material containing a nano porous flame retardant material, belonging to the field of building fireproof materials.
Background
The existing building interior and exterior wall materials mostly use resin as a main substrate, and are added with solvent, color paste, wetting agent, dispersing agent, ultraviolet-resistant raw materials and inorganic powdery filler. The resin type material has the advantages of easy construction, good adhesive force, easy color mixing and the like, and is always the mainstream of the building material market in recent decades. Resin materials tend to be yellow-colored, and the resin may be decomposed and peeled off when exposed to ultraviolet light for a long period of time. Although the resin type building material formula can be added with a fire retardant to prevent fire, the resin type building material formula only has the short-time fire-retardant and fireproof capacity. The building material is divided into inner and outer wall putty powder, waterproof or waterproof primary coating and surface coating according to functions. The waterproof putty powder or the base coat and surface coat are added with resin, such as acrylic acid, epoxy, polyurethane, fluorocarbon and other resin, to reach the aim of damp-proof and waterproof. In order to make the resin miscible with water, it is necessary to add organic solvents, surfactants and other chemicals to the resin-type formulation. Recently, although environment-friendly solvents are used or the content of flammable resins is reduced, the environment-friendly building materials still have a fire-proof function which cannot resist long-term burning environments. The development of building materials which are non-combustible, have no organic volatile substances, are healthy and can ensure safety in case of fire is a long-term object of domestic building materials all over the world.
The traditional building paint for inner and outer walls uses organic and inorganic resins as binding agents, and the higher-grade building paint generally adopts more inorganic resins, but still has a small amount of organic resins to achieve better adhesive force and draping force. The high-grade building coating still can be pulverized and disintegrated due to the decomposition of resin components at a high temperature of 1200 ℃, is beautiful, environment-friendly and waterproof, but does not provide the protection of fire life safety at all.
On the other hand, since the material is in direct contact with the heat source, the prior art material does not consider the contact area of the coating surface and the heat source, so that the heat insulation distribution area is small on the coating surface with the same area, the heat conduction path is shorter overall, and heat can flow into the coated surface more easily, thereby being unable to insulate for a long time. This problem can be solved when considering a spatially three-dimensionally distributed porous structure. Aerogel is a light porous heat-insulating material, and is used for fire prevention and heat insulation, and belongs to materials of hot doors. However, the advantage of light weight is not clearly shown in the field of materials, since the surface to be coated is a thin layer, and does not at all have an effect on the mechanical properties of the building structure from the viewpoint of building mechanics, and therefore can be made light or not. The introduction of aerogels rather complicates the material composition and the costs are not well controlled.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a fireproof material for building interior and exterior walls, which comprises a nanoporous flame retardant material, and which overcomes or at least partially solves the above-mentioned problems. The invention considers how to use the heat-insulating super-high temperature resistant material to construct a porous structure similar to aerogel, thereby simplifying the material components, controlling the cost and preventing and insulating fire for a long time.
The invention provides a building interior and exterior wall fireproof material containing a nano-porous flame retardant material, which comprises two components A and B which are not mixed with each other or the two components A and B and three components of water which are not mixed with each other, wherein the component A comprises a heat insulation material, and the component B comprises a super-high temperature resistant fireproof material; the heat insulation material of the component A is used as a base coating material and comprises a porous heat insulation and cooling material and a high-temperature-resistant inorganic coupling agent; the super high temperature resistant fireproof material of the component B is used as a surface coating material and comprises a high temperature resistant inorganic coupling agent, zirconium oxide, boron nitride and/or aluminum phosphate. The application method comprises mixing the first and second components or the first and second components with water, and stirring to obtain a uniform mixture.
Optionally, the porous heat insulation and cooling material comprises porous expanded vermiculite powder and/or porous expanded perlite powder.
Optionally, the ultra-high temperature resistant inorganic coupling agent is ultra-high temperature resistant modified silicate, and the ultra-high temperature resistant modified silicate is SiO 2 Any one or the combination of sodium silicate, magnesium silicate, calcium silicate and aluminum silicate with the molar ratio of NaOH being more than 8.
The invention also provides a uniform mixture formed by any one of the fireproof materials containing the nano-porous flame retardant material for the inner and outer walls of the building, and the forming process of the uniform mixture is as follows:
s1 if there is water in the material, pouring the water into the porous heat-insulating and temperature-reducing material containing the component A, stirring for 0.5-1min, if there is no water, directly entering S2;
s2, stirring the materials in the container, adding porous zirconium hydroxide based on the metal-organic framework MOF template, and uniformly mixing for 5-10 min;
s3, stirring the uniformly mixed substance S2, adding the high-temperature-resistant modified silicate powder, and uniformly mixing for 10-20min to form a uniformly mixed body.
Optionally, the container or the contents of the container are subjected to ultrasonic vibration while stirring in at least one of steps S1-S3.
The preparation process of the porous zirconium hydroxide based on the metal-organic framework MOF template comprises the following steps:
s1 forming Array Aggregates (AA) in a zirconium salt solution using a MOF framework material;
s2 forming a zirconium hydroxide coating layer on the surface of AA using an alkaline agent, or forming a zirconium hydroxide coating layer on AA directly using zirconium hydroxide nanoparticles;
s3 etching AA forming the zirconium hydroxide coating layer using an acidic reagent to form porous zirconium hydroxide.
The preparation process of the porous zirconium hydroxide based on the metal-organic framework MOF template further comprises a process of heating and drying S4 at 60-150 ℃ for 20min-1h, and then calcining at 400-900 ℃ for 0.5-1.5h after S3.
The invention also provides a fireproof coating containing the nano-porous flame retardant material for the inner and outer walls of the building, which comprises three layers, wherein the first layer is formed by a component A, the third layer is formed by a component B, the first layer is combined with the surfaces of the inner and outer walls of the building, the second layer is arranged between the first layer and the third layer and is formed by a mixed body of the component A and a component containing high-temperature-resistant modified silicate powder and porous zirconium hydroxide based on a metal-organic framework MOF template, or a mixed body of the component A and a component containing high-temperature-resistant modified silicate powder and porous zirconium hydroxide based on the metal-organic framework MOF template and water, the thickness H1 of the first layer is larger than the thickness H3 of the third layer, the thickness H1 of the first layer is larger than the thickness H3 of the third layer, and preferably, H1 is more than or equal to 2H 3.
Optionally, the mass ratios of the components in the first and second components or the components in the first and second components and water in the homogeneous mixture formed from the first layer to the third layer are the same.
Optionally, the mass ratios of the components in the first component and the second component or the components in the first component and the second component and water in the mixed mixture forming at least two of the first layer and the third layer are different.
Preferably, the coating layer includes a laminate of a plurality of three layers bonded to each other.
The invention also provides a method for forming the high-strength high-temperature-resistant fireproof heat-insulating material coating, which is characterized in that a first layer is sprayed or coated on the surface of a protected material in a building manner, then a second layer is sprayed or coated on the surface of the first layer in a building manner, and finally a third layer is sprayed or coated on the second layer in a building manner, so that the three layers are combined with each other to form a three-layer body.
Preferably, the same method is used to form a stack of multiple trilayer bonds.
The invention also provides a method for forming the fireproof building block containing the nano porous flame retardant material for the inner and outer walls of the building, which is characterized in that a three-layer body is formed at the bottom of a building block mould with an opening at the upper end and the inner wall of the side surface, then a mixed body formed by the porous heat insulation and cooling material of the component B and the high-temperature resistant inorganic coupling agent is poured into the mould, and the mould is demoulded after solidification and forming.
Preferably, the block forming method further comprises forming at least one lamination of three layers bonded to at least a portion of the block surface after demolding.
The building interior and exterior wall fireproof material containing the nano-porous flame retardant material provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the fireproof material for the inner and outer walls of the building adopts the modified high-strength silicate to replace the traditional building coating taking organic resin as a binding agent, so that the surface coating does not decompose, crack or pulverize at high temperature (1100 ℃); the flame retardant does not contain any flame retardant, and does not generate any toxic gas in high-temperature burning; the fire-resistant coating does not contain any resin or organic matter, has the property of complete non-combustion, does not burn in case of fire, and does not generate black smoke and carbon dioxide;
(2) the invention combines the fire-proof heat-insulation and cooling bottom coat with the high-temperature-resistant top coat, and does not burn in a fire scene and generate black smoke or toxic gas, so that people trapped in the fire scene can not be unconscious due to the suction of the toxic gas.
The protective base coat of the fireproof, heat-insulating and cooling cement wall can adjust the thickness of the coating to be 70-80 mm according to the fireproof protection time; the protection device can protect next door personnel in a fire scene, the protection time can be as long as 5 hours at the flame temperature of 600-1100 ℃, and the temperature of the other side with the wall thickness of more than 10 centimeters is lower than 80 ℃.
The second layer in the three-layer body of the building interior and exterior wall fireproof material containing the nano-porous flame retardant material is formed by adopting a uniform mixture of a porous zirconium hydroxide component B based on a metal-organic framework MOF template, the design objective is that the second layer of zirconia is approximately in a calcined environment due to high temperature when heat is conducted at the surface of the three-layer body, at this time, the zirconium hydroxide is dehydrated to form moisture on the surface of the coating and the moisture preferentially travels through the outermost weak third layer, forming a plurality of air heat conduction paths (cracks or interstitial channels) which, although shortening the vertical conduction path to the interior and exterior wall surfaces of the building, on the one hand, due to the high-temperature calcination effect, the second layer of zirconium hydroxide forms a porous zirconium oxide layer, but forms a thermal barrier layer, and the first layer of thicker thermal insulation protection cannot generate obvious heat conduction effect on the wall body; on the other hand, the air conduction path side wall increases the heat conduction path direction, namely the heat contact area is increased, so that heat is greatly dispersed and dissipated on the path, and the conduction path is zigzag, so that the total heat conduction path is increased on the whole; thirdly, the zirconia with a porous structure has a large specific surface area, and can also increase the heat conduction path; fourthly, the first layer formed cracks reduce the mechanical strength of the coating, and the coating is easy to peel off, thereby affecting the appearance. However, the repair of the wall body needs to be carried out after a disaster, so that new three layers or a plurality of three-layer laminated layers are continuously formed on the surface, decoration treatment such as surface leveling and polishing is not needed, meanwhile, the cracks also provide a filling channel of the coating, but the contact area between the layers can be increased, and further the peeling resistance strength of the coating is enhanced.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and the embodiments of the present invention are described below in order to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly understood and to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understandable.
The above and other objects, advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description of specific embodiments thereof, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also, like reference numerals are used to refer to like parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 shows the formulation of the fireproof material for the inner and outer walls of a building, which contains the nanoporous flame retardant material of example 1;
FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a porous zirconium hydroxide formation process in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows a schematic of a three-layer structure for protecting the surface of a wall sample according to example 16 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the formation of zirconia by thermal dehydration of the second layer and the fracture heat diffusion process in an embodiment of the present invention; wherein a is a second-layer structure before or shortly after heating, b is water vapor in the layer formed by decomposition and dehydration of porous zirconium hydroxide after heating for a period of time, c is a crack formed by water vapor in the layer breaking the third layer which is weak, and d is a process that the local amplification in the middle ring of c indicates that heat is diffused to the deep part of the crack and the inner wall of the crack;
figure 5 shows a schematic view of the material composition of the top and body of a block formed by the method of forming a fire resistant insulation block of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention can be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
The embodiment of the invention provides a building interior and exterior wall fireproof material containing a nano-porous flame retardant material, which comprises two mutually unmixed components A and B or two components A and B and three unmixed components of water, wherein the component A comprises a heat insulation material, and the component B comprises a super-high temperature resistant fireproof material; wherein, the heat insulation material of the component A is used as a prime coat material and comprises a porous heat insulation and temperature reduction material and a high temperature resistant inorganic coupling agent; the super high temperature resistant fireproof material of the component B is used as a surface coating material and comprises a high temperature resistant inorganic coupling agent, zirconium oxide, boron nitride and/or aluminum phosphate.
The building interior and exterior wall fireproof material containing the nano porous flame retardant material provided by the embodiment of the invention utilizes the heat-insulating ultrahigh-temperature-resistant material to construct a porous structure similar to aerogel, so that the material components are simplified, the cost is controlled, and meanwhile, the material can prevent fire and insulate heat for a long time.
In this embodiment, when the building interior and exterior wall fireproof material containing the nanoporous flame retardant material comprises a component a and a component b and three components of water which are not mixed with each other, the mass ratio of the component a to the component b to the component a to the component b is selected from 0.1-0.4: 0-0.4: 3.5-5.5;
the porous heat-insulating and temperature-reducing material of the component A in the building interior and exterior wall fireproof material containing the nano-porous flame-retardant material provided by the embodiment comprises porous expanded vermiculite powder and/or porous expanded perlite powder.
The ultra-high temperature resistant inorganic coupling agent in the component A and the component B is high temperature resistant modified silicate powder. Optionally, the ultrahigh-temperature-resistant modified silicate is SiO 2 Any one or the combination of sodium silicate, magnesium silicate, calcium silicate and aluminum silicate with the molar ratio of NaOH being more than 8.
The fireproof material for the inner and outer walls of the building, provided by the embodiment of the invention, has zero-volatility organic substances (VOC is 0), is not decomposed and yellowed under ultraviolet irradiation for a long time, and does not contain a flame retardant; can prevent fire for a long time without generating toxic gas; on one hand, the coating meets the requirements of water-based environment-friendly, healthy, beautiful, moisture-resistant and other common traditional building coatings, and has the functions of no combustion, no flame retardant and life safety protection under fire environment. The fireproof material for the inner wall and the outer wall of the building provided by the embodiment can be sprayed, laid and molded by template casting according to the fireproof heat insulation and cooling requirements, is convenient for using purposes of different buildings, and has construction elasticity. Wherein, the surface coating material is combined with high-temperature resistant materials such as modified silicate, zirconia, boron nitride and the like, and the inorganic binding agent such as the modified silicate is utilized to keep the fireproof material stable and not to be decomposed, cracked, disintegrated, embrittled and the like for a long time in a 1500-1600 ℃ combustion environment; the base coat material adopts inorganic modified silicate as a bonding agent and is combined with heat insulation materials such as porous expanded vermiculite powder, porous expanded perlite powder and the like to form the porous heat insulation and cooling base coat, so that the traditional putty powder is replaced. The porous layer composed of porous expanded vermiculite powder or perlite powder with low heat conductivity coefficient provides good heat insulation and cooling functions. According to the building interior and exterior wall fireproof material containing the nano-porous flame retardant material provided by the embodiment of the invention, the water-based building coating formed by adding the fireproof surface coating material to the heat-insulating and cooling bottom coating material has the functions of water-based property, environmental protection, safety and health.
Optionally, the surface coating material formed by the component B can be combined with low heat conduction materials such as expanded talcum powder, perlite powder and the like to replace the traditional black cement layer and putty powder layer. The inorganic cooling bottom layer is utilized, and the temperature of the back of the cement wall can be reduced to below 50 ℃ within 15 minutes in a fire environment (600-1300 ℃) according to the thickness (5-15 mm) of the protective layer of the bottom coating. The reinforced modified silicate coupling agent is combined with materials such as high-temperature-resistant zirconium oxide and boron nitride, so that the modified silicate coupling agent does not generate black smoke and toxic gas in a fire environment, does not have the functions of combustion, decomposition and stripping, and can protect personnel from leaving safely in case of fire and avoid the unconsciousness caused by the combustion of organic matters and the inhalation of the toxic gas in paint. The invention uses the fire-proof, cooling and heat-insulating base coat to replace the traditional black cement and putty powder layer, and protects the cement wall surface from pulverization, peeling and collapse caused by high-temperature flame. The invention has the advantages of high-temperature combustion resistance, fireproof surface coating, no flame retardant, fire prevention, cooling and heat insulation primary coating combination, and safety protection in fire disaster.
Example 1
This example specifically provides a building interior and exterior wall fire-retardant material containing a nanoporous flame retardant material, including: a component A formed by porous expanded vermiculite powder and modified calcium carbonate (SiO2/NaOH molar ratio is 8) with the corresponding mass ratio of 1.3: 1.9; a component B formed by zirconium oxide, boron nitride and modified calcium carbonate (SiO2/NaOH molar ratio is 8) according to the mass ratio of 0.5: 0.4: 2.0; water in a mass ratio of 0.4 as shown in fig. 1.
Example 2
This example specifically provides a building interior and exterior wall fire-retardant material containing a nanoporous flame retardant material, including: a component A formed by porous expanded perlite powder and modified calcium carbonate (SiO2/NaOH molar ratio is 8), and the corresponding mass ratio is 1.3: 1.9; a component B formed by zirconium oxide, boron nitride and modified calcium carbonate (SiO2/NaOH molar ratio is 8) according to a mass ratio of 0.5: 0.4: 2.0 of the total weight of the mixture; water in a mass ratio of 0.4.
Example 3
The embodiment specifically provides a building interior and exterior wall fireproof material containing a nano-porous flame retardant material, which comprises a component A formed by porous expanded vermiculite powder and modified calcium carbonate (SiO2/NaOH molar ratio is 8), and the corresponding mass ratio is 1.3: 2.3; a component B formed by zirconium oxide, boron nitride and modified calcium carbonate (SiO2/NaOH molar ratio is 8) according to the mass ratio of 0.5: 0.4: 2.0.
example 4
The embodiment specifically provides a building interior and exterior wall fireproof material containing a nano-porous flame retardant material, which comprises a component A formed by porous expanded perlite powder and modified calcium carbonate (the molar ratio of SiO2/NaOH is 8), wherein the corresponding mass ratio is 1.3: 1.9; a component B formed by zirconium oxide, boron nitride and modified calcium carbonate (SiO2/NaOH molar ratio is 8) according to the mass ratio of 0.5: 0.4: 2.0; water in a mass ratio of 0.4.
Example 5
The embodiment specifically provides a fireproof material containing a nano-porous flame retardant material for inner and outer walls of a building, which comprises a component A formed by porous expanded vermiculite powder, modified magnesium silicate and calcium silicate (SiO2/NaOH in a molar ratio of 8) in a mass ratio of 1:1, wherein the corresponding mass ratio is 1.3: 1.9; zirconium oxide, boron nitride, modified magnesium silicate and calcium silicate in a mass ratio of 1:1 (SiO2/NaOH molar ratio of 8) in a molar ratio of 0.5: 0.4: 2.0; water in a mass ratio of 0.4.
Example 6
The embodiment specifically provides a fireproof material containing a nano-porous flame retardant material for inner and outer walls of a building, which comprises a component A formed by porous expanded perlite powder, modified magnesium silicate and calcium silicate (SiO2/NaOH molar ratio is 8) in a mass ratio of 1:1, wherein the corresponding mass ratio is 1.3: 1.9; zirconium oxide, boron nitride, modified magnesium silicate and calcium silicate in a mass ratio of 1:1 (SiO2/NaOH molar ratio of 8) in a molar ratio of 0.5: 0.4: 2.0; water in a mass ratio of 0.4.
Example 7
The embodiment specifically provides a fireproof material containing a nano-porous flame retardant material for inner and outer walls of a building, which comprises a component A formed by porous expanded vermiculite powder, modified magnesium silicate and calcium silicate (SiO2/NaOH molar ratio is 8) in a mass ratio of 1:1, wherein the corresponding mass ratio is 1.3: 2.3; zirconium oxide, boron nitride, modified magnesium silicate and calcium silicate in a mass ratio of 1:1 (SiO2/NaOH molar ratio of 8) in a molar ratio of 0.5: 0.4: 2.0.
example 8
The embodiment specifically provides a fireproof material containing a nano-porous flame retardant material for inner and outer walls of a building, which comprises a component A formed by porous expanded perlite powder, modified magnesium silicate and calcium silicate (SiO2/NaOH molar ratio is 8) in a mass ratio of 1:1, wherein the corresponding mass ratio is 1.3: 2.3; zirconium oxide, boron nitride, modified magnesium silicate and calcium silicate in a mass ratio of 1:1 (SiO2/NaOH molar ratio of 8) in a molar ratio of 0.5: 0.4: 2.0.
example 9
The embodiment specifically provides a fireproof material containing a nano-porous flame retardant material for inner and outer walls of a building, which comprises a component A formed by porous expanded vermiculite powder, modified sodium silicate, magnesium silicate and calcium silicate (SiO2/NaOH in a molar ratio of 8) in a mass ratio of 1:1:1, wherein the corresponding mass ratio is 1.3: 1.9; zirconium oxide, boron nitride, modified magnesium silicate and calcium silicate in a mass ratio of 1:1 (SiO2/NaOH molar ratio of 8) in a molar ratio of 0.5: 0.4: 2.0; water in a mass ratio of 0.4.
Example 10
The embodiment specifically provides a fireproof material containing a nano-porous flame retardant material for inner and outer walls of a building, which comprises a component A formed by porous expanded perlite powder, modified sodium silicate, magnesium silicate and calcium silicate (SiO2/NaOH calculated molar ratio is 8) in a mass ratio of 1:1:1, wherein the corresponding mass ratio is 1.3: 1.9; zirconium oxide, boron nitride, modified magnesium silicate and calcium silicate in a mass ratio of 1:1 (SiO2/NaOH molar ratio of 8) in a molar ratio of 0.5: 0.4: 2.0; water in a mass ratio of 0.4.
Example 11
The embodiment specifically provides a fireproof material containing a nano-porous flame retardant material for inner and outer walls of a building, which comprises a component A formed by porous expanded vermiculite powder, modified sodium silicate, magnesium silicate and calcium silicate (SiO2/NaOH in a molar ratio of 8) in a mass ratio of 1:1:1, wherein the corresponding mass ratio is 1.3: 2.3; zirconium oxide, boron nitride, modified magnesium silicate and calcium silicate in a mass ratio of 1:1 (SiO2/NaOH molar ratio of 8) in a molar ratio of 0.5: 0.4: 2.0; water in a mass ratio of 0.4.
Example 12
The embodiment specifically provides a fireproof material containing a nano-porous flame retardant material for inner and outer walls of a building, which comprises a component A formed by porous expanded perlite powder, modified sodium silicate, magnesium silicate and calcium silicate (SiO2/NaOH is in a molar ratio of 8) in a mass ratio of 1:1:1, wherein the corresponding mass ratio is 1.3: 2.3; zirconium oxide, boron nitride, modified magnesium silicate and calcium silicate in a mass ratio of 1:1 (SiO2/NaOH molar ratio of 8) in a molar ratio of 0.5: 0.4: 2.0.
the invention also provides a uniform mixing body formed by the fireproof material containing the nano-porous flame retardant material for the inner and outer walls of the building, which comprises the following steps:
s1, if there is water in the material composition, pouring the water into the porous heat insulation and cooling material containing the component A, stirring for 0.5-1min, if there is no water, directly entering S2; the porous heat-insulating and temperature-reducing material comprises porous expanded vermiculite powder and/or porous expanded perlite powder;
s2, stirring the materials in the container, adding porous zirconium hydroxide based on the metal-organic framework MOF template, and uniformly mixing for 5-10 min;
s3, stirring the mixed substances of S2, adding the super-high temperature resistant modified silicate, and mixing uniformly for 10-20min to form a mixed body. Wherein the container or the substances contained in the container are subjected to ultrasonic vibration treatment while stirring in at least one of the steps S1-S3 to achieve a cleaning effect. A preferred embodiment can be seen in example 13 below.
Example 13
In this example, the component a in the building interior and exterior wall fire-retardant material containing the nanoporous flame retardant material according to examples 1 to 12 is mixed with the porous zirconium hydroxide based on the metal-organic framework MOF template, specifically:
s1 if there is water in the material composition, pouring water into the container with porous expanded vermiculite powder, stirring for 0.5-1min, if there is no water, directly entering S2;
s2, stirring the materials in the container, adding the porous zirconium hydroxide based on the metal-organic framework MOF template in the component B, and uniformly mixing for 5-10 min;
s3, stirring the mixed substances of S2, adding the super-high temperature resistant modified silicate, and mixing uniformly for 10-20min to form a mixed body.
Preferably, the container or the contents of the container are subjected to ultrasonic vibration while stirring in at least one of the steps S1 to S3.
Example 14
In the embodiment, the porous zirconium hydroxide is formed, and S1 uses 2-methylimidazole zinc salt nano-scale particle framework material to form Array Aggregates (AA) in zirconium nitrate or zirconium chloride solution; s2 forming a zirconium hydroxide coating layer on the AA surface using sodium hydroxide or aqueous ammonia (pH adjusted to 9-11); s3 etching AA forming the zirconium hydroxide coating layer using dilute hydrochloric acid or dilute nitric acid reagent to form porous zirconium hydroxide. As shown in FIG. 2, AA aggregates form mesopores, the mesopores are etched after zirconium hydroxide coating, the surface of the mesopores is locally etched to be broken, then the inner core of the framework material is further etched to leave the hollow shell porous zirconium hydroxide, the heat conduction path is zigzag along the surface of the hollow shell, and high-heat-resistance air is additionally provided inside the hollow shell.
Example 15
This example differs from example 14 in that S1 uses 2-methylimidazole zinc salt micron particle backbone material, whereas S2 uses zirconium hydroxide nanoparticles directly to form a zirconium hydroxide coating on AA. Due to gaps among the nano-particles, the 2-methylimidazole zinc salt micron-sized particles are easier to etch, a porous hollow shell structure with the nano-particles combined with each other is left, the combination among the zirconia nano-particles is further promoted after the drying and the high-temperature calcination of the example 14, the multi-stage structure of the porous hollow shell assembled by the nano-particles further increases the specific surface area, and the heat conduction path is tortuous.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a coating formed by the fireproof material containing the nano-porous flame retardant material for the inner and outer walls of the building, which comprises three layers, wherein the first layer is formed by a component A, the third layer is formed by a component B, the first layer is combined with the surfaces of the inner and outer walls of the building, the second layer is arranged between the first layer and the third layer, and the coating is formed by a mixed body of the component A and a component containing high-temperature-resistant modified silicate powder and porous zirconium hydroxide based on a metal-organic framework MOF template, or a component A and a component containing high-temperature-resistant modified silicate powder, porous zirconium hydroxide based on a metal-organic framework MOF template and water, the thickness H1 of the first layer is greater than the thickness H3 of the third layer, preferably, H1 is equal to or greater than 2H3 in the embodiment, and the thickness H1 of the first layer is greater than 2 times the thickness H3 of the third layer. The blend is formed as described in the previous examples. In addition, the coating layer in this embodiment includes a laminate formed by combining a plurality of the three layers. In the embodiment of the invention, the mass ratio of each component in the first component and the second component or each component in the first component and the second component and water in the uniform mixture formed between the first layer and the third layer is the same. Or the mass proportions of the components in the A-B double components or the components in the A-B double components and the water in the uniform mixture forming at least two of the first layer to the third layer are different.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for forming a coating layer as described in the above embodiments, including: the first layer is sprayed or laid on the surface of the inner wall and the outer wall of the building, then the second layer is sprayed or laid on the surface of the first layer, and finally the third layer is sprayed or laid on the second layer, so that the three layers are combined with each other to form a three-layer body. Alternatively, a stack of a plurality of three layers bonded to each other is formed using the forming method according to the above.
Example 16
As shown in FIG. 3, this example is a three-layer cement wall sample applied on the surface of a 20cm thick cement wall sample. The first layer is the mixed body formed by the component A in the embodiment 1, and is sprayed or coated on the surface of the wall sample, then the mixed body in the embodiment 13 is sprayed or coated on the surface of the first layer to form the second layer, and finally the mixed body formed by the component B in the embodiment 1 is sprayed or coated on the second layer to form the three-layer body. The insulation and fire resistance are compared to conventional portland cement in table 1. During specific tests, a three-layer body T is laid on a chuck and a base of a universal testing machine, a wall sample test piece with the surface sprayed or built with the three-layer body is placed on the three-layer body T, pressure is applied to fix the sample, after the pressure is stabilized, an oxyhydrogen flame gun is used for aligning the flame sprayed at the surface position of a preset wall sample, an infrared thermometer is used for detecting the surface temperature of a heating part in real time, so that the heating temperature of the spray gun on the surface of the wall sample is controlled (controlled by the distance from the flame to the surface), and the temperatures of a plurality of test points perpendicular to the wall surface at different depths are detected in real time.
TABLE 1 comparison of the results of the high temperature resistance tests of the three-layer protective wall samples
As shown in fig. 4, the second layer contains a porous zirconium hydroxide structure (a) when the second layer does not begin to absorb or shortly after absorbing heat; after the heating is started, the porous zirconium hydroxide is decomposed and dehydrated to form water vapor (b) in the layer; water vapor in the layer can break through the weak third layer to leave a second layer of cracks (c); and then (d) c, the process of heat diffusion to the deep part of the second layer of crack and the inner wall of the crack is shown by local amplification in the middle ring, the heat is dissipated, and the dispersed heat forms a plurality of non-uniform diffusion tortuous paths which are not parallel to the crack direction, so that the heat transferred to the surface of the wall sample is reduced due to multi-directional layer absorption. Also cracks (not shown) in the third layer increase the heat dissipation. The material provided by the embodiment of the invention can keep the wall body at about normal temperature for a long time at the temperature of over 1200 ℃, thereby achieving the effects of heat insulation and fire prevention.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a method for forming the fireproof building block, which comprises the steps of forming a three-layer body of the coating in the embodiment on the bottom of a building block mould with an opening at the upper end and the inner wall of the side surface, filling a mixed body formed by the high-temperature resistant inorganic coupling agent containing the component B in the fireproof material of the inner wall and the outer wall of the building containing the nano porous flame retardant material in the embodiment, zirconia, boron nitride and/or aluminum phosphate into the mould, solidifying and demoulding.
In this embodiment, at least a portion of the block surface after demolding forms at least one stack of three layers as described in the previous embodiments in combination with at least a portion of the block surface. Wherein the process for forming the homogenate is as described in example 13 above, and embodiments thereof can be found in example 17 below.
Example 17
This example shows the method of forming a fire resistant block as shown in fig. 5, in which a three-layer body of example 16 is formed on the bottom of a block mold having an opening at the upper end and the inner wall of the side, and the mixture of the material of example 1 is poured into the mold, and the mold is removed after solidification. Fig. 5 illustrates the composition of the top and body materials, the surface being the three-layer body of fig. 3, and the body composition being the first or third layer of material.
Embodiments of the present invention also provide a fire protection block formed by the fire protection block forming method of embodiment 17.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features can be equivalently replaced within the spirit and principle of the present invention; such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. A coating formed by a fireproof material for inner and outer walls of a building containing a nano porous flame retardant material is characterized by comprising three layers, wherein the first layer is formed by a component A, the third layer is formed by a component B, the first layer is combined with the surfaces of the inner and outer walls of the building, the second layer is arranged between the first layer and the third layer, and the coating is formed by a uniform mixture of the component A and a component containing high-temperature-resistant modified silicate powder and porous zirconium hydroxide based on a metal-organic framework MOF template, or a uniform mixture of the component A and a component containing high-temperature-resistant modified silicate powder and porous zirconium hydroxide based on the metal-organic framework MOF template and water; wherein the thickness H1 of the first layer is greater than the thickness H3 of the third layer;
the component A comprises a heat insulation material, and the component B comprises a super high temperature resistant fireproof material; the heat insulation material of the component A is used as a base coating material and comprises a porous heat insulation and cooling material and a high-temperature-resistant inorganic coupling agent; the super high temperature resistant fireproof material of the component B is used as a surface coating material and comprises a high temperature resistant inorganic coupling agent and zirconia, and also comprises boron nitride and/or aluminum phosphate;
the high-temperature resistant inorganic coupling agent is ultrahigh-temperature resistant modified silicate, and the ultrahigh-temperature resistant modified silicate is SiO 2 Any one or the combination of sodium silicate, magnesium silicate, calcium silicate and aluminum silicate with the molar ratio of NaOH being more than 8.
2. The coating of claim 1, wherein the porous heat insulating and cooling material comprises porous expanded vermiculite powder and/or porous expanded perlite powder.
3. The coating of claim 1, wherein the blend formation process comprises:
s1, if there is water in the mixture, pouring the water into the container with the porous heat insulation material of the A component, stirring for 0.5-1min, if there is no water, then directly entering S2;
s2, stirring the materials in the container, adding porous zirconium hydroxide based on the metal-organic framework MOF template, and uniformly mixing for 5-10 min;
s3, stirring the mixed substances of S2, adding the super-high temperature resistant modified silicate powder, and mixing uniformly for 10-20min to form a mixed body.
4. The coating of claim 3, wherein the container or the contents of the container are sonicated while stirring in at least one of steps S1-S3.
5. The coating of claim 1, wherein H1 is 2H3 or more.
6. The coating of any one of claims 1-5, wherein said coating comprises a laminate of a plurality of said three layers bonded to each other.
7. A method of forming a coating as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the first layer is sprayed or block coated onto the surface of the interior or exterior wall of the building, the second layer is then sprayed or block coated onto the surface of the first layer, and the third layer is finally sprayed or block coated onto the second layer such that the three layers are bonded to each other to form a three-layer body.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein a plurality of three-layer bonded laminates are formed.
9. A method for forming a fireproof building block, which is characterized in that the three layers in the coating of any one of claims 1 to 6 are formed at the bottom of a building block mould with an opening at the upper end and the inner wall of the side surface, then the mixed body formed by the component B is filled in the mould, and the mould is removed after solidification and forming.
10. A fire-resistant block forming method according to claim 9, wherein at least a part of the surface of the block after the demolding is formed into a laminate of at least one of the three layers in the coating according to any one of claims 1 to 6 bonded to at least a part of the surface of the block.
11. A fire protection block formed by the fire protection block forming method of any one of claims 9-10.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1409274A (en) * | 1971-10-02 | 1975-10-08 | Sekisui Chemical Co Ltd | Preparation of light weight shaped articles |
| CN103771759A (en) * | 2013-12-12 | 2014-05-07 | 青岛无为保温材料有限公司 | Heat-insulation, energy-saving, heat-preservation and fireproof decorative plate |
| CN107365136A (en) * | 2017-07-26 | 2017-11-21 | 合肥梵腾环保科技有限公司 | A kind of composite bed insulation material |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1409274A (en) * | 1971-10-02 | 1975-10-08 | Sekisui Chemical Co Ltd | Preparation of light weight shaped articles |
| CN103771759A (en) * | 2013-12-12 | 2014-05-07 | 青岛无为保温材料有限公司 | Heat-insulation, energy-saving, heat-preservation and fireproof decorative plate |
| CN107365136A (en) * | 2017-07-26 | 2017-11-21 | 合肥梵腾环保科技有限公司 | A kind of composite bed insulation material |
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