CN114380548A - Underwater anti-dispersion concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Underwater anti-dispersion concrete and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114380548A CN114380548A CN202111592832.3A CN202111592832A CN114380548A CN 114380548 A CN114380548 A CN 114380548A CN 202111592832 A CN202111592832 A CN 202111592832A CN 114380548 A CN114380548 A CN 114380548A
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- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 113
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 247
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 189
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 61
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012615 aggregate Substances 0.000 description 62
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002318 adhesion promoter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/74—Underwater applications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Abstract
The invention provides underwater anti-dispersion concrete and a preparation method thereof, wherein the anti-dispersion concrete comprises a cementing material, an aggregate, water, an anti-dispersing agent and a water reducing agent, the cementing material comprises cement, mineral powder and fly ash, and the aggregate comprises medium sand, 5-25 broken stones and 5-16 broken stones; the mixing amount of the anti-dispersing agent is 6% of the mixing amount of the cementing material, the mixing amount of the water reducing agent is 2% of the mixing amount of the cementing material, the sand content in the aggregate is 44%, and the mixing amount of 5-16 macadam is 20% of the total macadam mixing amount; the paint comprises the following components in parts by weight: 387-649 parts of cement, 0-120 parts of mineral powder, 0-127 parts of fly ash, 812 parts of medium sand 673-, 827 parts of 5-25 crushed stone, 171-207 parts of 5-16 crushed stone, 290-487 parts of water, 23.22-42.24 parts of anti-dispersant and 7.74-14.08 parts of water reducer. The underwater concrete provided by the invention has excellent fluidity, underwater anti-dispersion property and land-water ratio, solves the problem that the fluidity, the underwater anti-dispersion property and the land-water ratio of the underwater anti-dispersion concrete are difficult to meet simultaneously, and lays a foundation for the development of the underwater concrete.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building materials, in particular to underwater anti-dispersion concrete and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The underwater Anti-dispersion Concrete (Anti-washout Concrete) is also called underwater non-dispersion Concrete, and refers to Concrete in which cement paste and aggregate do not drift in water. The problems of strength reduction, water area pollution and the like caused by the underwater construction of common concrete can be avoided. The method is mainly applied to underwater construction projects such as cast-in-place piles, underground continuous walls, docks, wharfs and the like. The underwater anti-dispersion mechanism is that a tackifier is added into common concrete to firmly adsorb cement paste and aggregate so as to inhibit the separation of the cement paste and the aggregate in water. However, the addition of the adhesion promoter often results in a significant decrease in the fluidity of the concrete, and the concrete cannot be poured. In engineering, only 2% of underwater anti-dispersion agent is often added to keep the fluidity of concrete, but the concrete does not reach the ideal underwater anti-dispersion property at the moment, the construction quality is easily influenced, and the surrounding environmental water is polluted.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide an underwater anti-dispersion concrete which has good underwater anti-dispersion property and has a suspended solid content of less than 140 mg/L; meanwhile, the fluidity is good, and the expansion degree is more than 500 mm; and the mechanical property is stronger, and the land-water compressive strength ratio is more than 70%. Therefore, the underwater anti-dispersion concrete provided by the invention has excellent underwater anti-dispersion performance, flow performance and mechanical property, provides a method for simultaneously keeping the anti-dispersion performance and the flow performance, and has guiding significance for improving the engineering quality of the underwater concrete and improving the construction environment. In addition, the invention also provides a preparation method of the underwater anti-dispersion concrete.
In order to attain the above and other related objects,
the invention provides underwater anti-dispersion concrete, which comprises a cementing material, aggregate, water, an anti-dispersing agent and a water reducing agent, wherein the cementing material comprises cement, mineral powder and fly ash, and the aggregate comprises medium sand, first-class gravel and second-class gravel; the mixing amount of the anti-dispersing agent is 6% of the mixing amount of the cementing material, the mixing amount of the water reducing agent is 2% of the mixing amount of the cementing material, the sand rate of the aggregate is 44%, the grain diameter of the first-class broken stone is 5-16mm, the grain diameter of the second-class broken stone is 5-25mm, and the mixing amount of the first-class broken stone is 20% of the total mixing amount of the broken stones; the underwater anti-dispersion concrete comprises the following components in parts by weight: 387-649 parts of cement, 0-120 parts of mineral powder, 0-127 parts of fly ash, 812 parts of medium sand 673-containing material, 207 parts of first-class broken stone, 827 parts of second-class broken stone, 487 parts of water 290-containing material, 23.22-42.24 parts of anti-dispersant and 7.74-14.08 parts of water reducer.
As a preferred technical scheme, the underwater anti-dispersion concrete comprises the following components in parts by weight: 649 parts of cement 528-containing material, 0 part of mineral powder, 0 part of fly ash, 697-containing medium sand 749 parts, 709-763 parts of 5-25 gravel, 191 parts of 177-16 gravel, 396-containing water 487 parts, 31.68-38.94 parts of anti-dispersant and 10.56-12.98 parts of water reducer.
As a preferred technical scheme, the underwater anti-dispersion concrete comprises the following components in parts by weight: 528 parts of cement, 0 part of mineral powder, 0 part of fly ash, 749 parts of medium sand, 763 parts of 5-25 broken stone, 191 parts of 5-16 broken stone, 396 parts of water, 31.68 parts of anti-dispersant and 10.56 parts of water reducer.
As a preferenceThe cement is selected from P.O42.5 ordinary portland cement, and the specific surface area is 350g/cm2。
As a preferable technical scheme, the fly ash is selected from class C class II fly ash, the screen residue of a 45-micron screen hole is 26%, the water content is 0.3%, the ignition loss is 2.96%, the water demand ratio is 100%, and the volume stability is 0.5 mm.
As a preferable technical scheme, the fine aggregate is selected from natural medium sand with a fineness modulus of 2.86, and the specific gravity of the natural medium sand with the grain diameter of 0.075-0.15mm, 0.15-0.3mm, 0.3-0.6mm, 0.6-1.18mm, 1.18-2.36mm and 2.36-4.75mm is 17:23:21:19:15: 3.
According to a preferable technical scheme, the coarse aggregate is selected from crushed stones, and the specific gravity of the coarse aggregate is 80:20 according to the particle size of 5-25mm and the specific gravity of 5-16 mm.
Preferably, the anti-dispersant is selected from water-soluble organic substances, and more preferably, a polyacrylamide anti-dispersant.
As a preferred technical scheme, the water reducing agent is selected from a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent; more preferably, the water reducing agent is selected from a medium-efficiency polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent; further preferably, the water reducing agent is selected from a medium-efficiency polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent with a water reducing rate of 23.4%.
In a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing an underwater anti-dispersion concrete, for preparing the underwater anti-dispersion concrete, comprising the following steps:
step one, placing a test mold with the size of 100mm multiplied by 100mm into a water tank, and adding water into the water tank until the position of 10cm on the upper surface of the test mold;
step two, weighing cement, fly ash, mineral powder, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, water, anti-dispersant and water reducer according to the formula amount;
pouring cement, fly ash, mineral powder, anti-dispersant and fine aggregate into a concrete mixer, and stirring for 15-45 seconds to be uniform;
step four, mixing 33-75% of water and all water reducing agents according to the formula amount, pouring the mixture into the mixture obtained in the step three, and continuously stirring for 45-90 seconds;
fifthly, spraying the residual water on the surface of the coarse aggregate to wet the coarse aggregate;
step six, pouring the pre-wet coarse aggregate obtained in the step five into a stirrer, and stirring for 45-90 seconds;
step seven, pouring the mixture obtained in the step six into a test mold from the water surface by using a hand shovel until the pouring amount exceeds the surface of the test mold;
step eight, taking the test mold obtained in the step seven out of the water tank, and trowelling;
step nine, putting the test mold obtained in the step eight into water again, and maintaining the test mold in the water for 1 to 4 days;
step ten, taking the test mold obtained in the step nine out of water, and demolding to obtain a test block;
step eleven, putting the test block obtained in the step eleven into water, and maintaining the test block to be 28 days of age to obtain an underwater forming test group test block;
and step twelve, molding the mixture obtained in the step six on land, maintaining on land, keeping the other operations consistent with the steps seven to eleven, and obtaining the land molding reference group test block.
Preferably, the stirring time in the third step is 20-40 seconds; more preferably, the stirring time in step three is 30 seconds.
Preferably, 45 to 70 percent of water in the formula amount is added in the fourth step; more preferably, 67% of the formula amount of water is added in step four.
Preferably, the stirring time in the fourth step is 50-80 seconds; more preferably, the stirring time in step four is 60 seconds.
Preferably, the stirring time in the sixth step is 55-80 seconds; more preferably, the stirring time in the sixth step is 60 seconds;
preferably, the curing time in the ninth step is 2-4 days; more preferably, the curing time in the eighth step is 4 days.
The "parts by weight" referred to in the present specification means a relative mass ratio relationship between the components, not an actual mass unit. The amount of 1 part by weight may be any amount such as 1kg or 10kg, depending on the actual condition.
In the prior art, generally, the fluidity of the underwater concrete is ensured firstly, and then the underwater anti-dispersion property of the underwater concrete is considered, so that the underwater concrete prepared by the method has difficult ideal effect on the anti-dispersion property. In order to obtain the underwater pouring effect of environmental water to the greatest extent, the underwater concrete of the invention has the following research thinking.
Firstly, a sufficient amount of underwater anti-dispersant is added into common concrete to achieve the effect that water in the surrounding environment is clear and incomparable when the underwater concrete is poured underwater. Then, the proportion of other raw materials is systematically adjusted, and the fluidity is improved while the underwater anti-dispersion property is ensured. Finally, a formula with standard fluidity, anti-dispersion property and mechanical property is screened out from a large number of formulas. The method not only needs innovative design proportion and a large number of tests and verifications, but also needs to continuously search the measurement indexes of flowability, underwater anti-dispersion property and mechanical property in the experimental process. Because the index is too high, a formula with the flowability, the anti-dispersion property and the mechanical property can not be found; it means that the calibration is too low, and the underwater anti-dispersion effect is not ideal. Therefore, by combining test data, test phenomena and repeated analysis and summary, the final determination standard is that the suspended matter content is less than 130mg/L, the underwater forming is carried out, the mold can be seen clearly, the initial underwater anti-dispersion property is achieved, the suspended matter content is less than 110mg/L, the underwater forming is carried out, the environmental water is clear and incomparable, and the underwater anti-dispersion property is excellent; the extensibility is larger than 490mm, the fluidity is better, the extensibility is 570mm, and the fluidity is excellent; a land-water ratio of more than 70 percent is qualified (refer to standard DL/T5117 & 2000 'test procedure for non-dispersive underwater concrete'), and a land-water ratio of more than 100 percent is excellent. By taking the concrete as a measurement index, the developed underwater anti-dispersion concrete has fluidity, underwater anti-dispersion property and land-water ratio, and has certain guiding significance for underwater concrete engineering.
As described above, the present invention has the following advantageous effects: the underwater concrete provided by the invention has excellent fluidity, underwater anti-dispersion property and land-water ratio, solves the problem that the fluidity, the underwater anti-dispersion property and the land-water ratio of the underwater anti-dispersion concrete are difficult to meet simultaneously, and lays a foundation for the development of the underwater concrete.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an embodiment 1-embodiment 7 from top to bottom, and is a water sample and test block diagram after expansion, pan-out state, underwater forming and underwater forming from left to right.
Fig. 2 is a diagram of comparative example 1 to comparative example 4 from top to bottom, and a diagram of the expansion degree, the pot discharging state, the underwater forming, the water sample after the underwater forming and the test block from left to right.
Detailed Description
In the present invention, p.o42.5 portland cement was purchased from taicang conch cement plant, unless otherwise specified; the fly ash is purchased from Taicang power plant of Huaneng International electric Power Co., Ltd, and is C-class II-grade fly ash; the mineral powder is purchased from Shanghai Baogang novel building material science and technology limited company and is S95-grade mineral powder; the fine aggregate is natural medium sand; the coarse aggregate is natural macadam; the water is tap water; the anti-dispersant is purchased from new materials of Subo of Nanjing, and is DSA type; the water reducing agent is purchased from Shanghai Maisi Tejian high-tech architecture chemical Co., Ltd, and is a medium-efficiency polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.
Example 1
The embodiment provides underwater anti-dispersion concrete. The composition of the underwater anti-dispersion concrete raw material is shown in table 1; the underwater anti-dispersion concrete sample is shown in figure 1; the preparation method comprises the following steps:
step one, placing a test mold with the size of 100mm multiplied by 100mm into a water tank, and adding water into the water tank until the position of 10cm on the upper surface of the test mold;
step two, weighing 4.22kg of cement, 1.1kg of mineral powder, 1.17kg of fly ash, 6.97kg of medium sand, 7.09kg of 5-25 crushed stone, 1.77kg of 5-16 crushed stone, 3.57kg of water, 0.39kg of anti-dispersant and 0.13kg of water reducer according to the formula amount;
pouring cement, fly ash, mineral powder, anti-dispersant and fine aggregate into a concrete mixer, and stirring for 30 seconds to be uniform;
step four, mixing 67 percent of water and all water reducing agents according to the formula amount, pouring the mixture into the mixture obtained in the step three, and continuously stirring for 60 seconds;
fifthly, spraying the residual water on the surface of the coarse aggregate to wet the coarse aggregate;
step six, pouring the pre-wet coarse aggregate obtained in the step five into a stirrer, and stirring for 60 seconds;
step seven, pouring the mixture obtained in the step six into a test mold from the water surface by using a hand shovel until the pouring amount exceeds the surface of the test mold;
step eight, taking the test mold obtained in the step seven out of the water tank, and trowelling;
step nine, putting the test mold obtained in the step eight into water again, and maintaining the test mold in the water for 4 days;
step ten, taking the test mold obtained in the step nine out of water, and demolding to obtain a test block;
step eleven, putting the test block obtained in the step eleven into water, and maintaining the test block to be 28 days of age to obtain an underwater forming test group test block;
and step twelve, molding the mixture obtained in the step six on land, maintaining on land, keeping the other operations consistent with the steps seven to eleven, and obtaining the land molding reference group test block.
Example 2
The embodiment provides underwater anti-dispersion concrete. The composition of the underwater anti-dispersion concrete raw material is shown in table 1; the underwater anti-dispersion concrete sample is shown in figure 1; the preparation method comprises the following steps:
step one, placing a test mold with the size of 100mm multiplied by 100mm into a water tank, and adding water into the water tank until the position of 10cm on the upper surface of the test mold;
step two, weighing 4.57kg of cement, 1.2kg of mineral powder, 1.27kg of fly ash, 6.73kg of medium sand, 6.85kg of 5-25 crushed stone, 1.71kg of 5-16 crushed stone, 3.87kg of water, 0.42kg of anti-dispersant and 0.14kg of water reducer according to the formula amount;
pouring cement, fly ash, mineral powder, anti-dispersant and fine aggregate into a concrete mixer, and stirring for 30 seconds to be uniform;
step four, mixing 67 percent of water and all water reducing agents according to the formula amount, pouring the mixture into the mixture obtained in the step three, and continuously stirring for 60 seconds;
fifthly, spraying the residual water on the surface of the coarse aggregate to wet the coarse aggregate;
step six, pouring the pre-wet coarse aggregate obtained in the step five into a stirrer, and stirring for 60 seconds;
step seven, pouring the mixture obtained in the step six into a test mold from the water surface by using a hand shovel until the pouring amount exceeds the surface of the test mold;
step eight, taking the test mold obtained in the step seven out of the water tank, and trowelling;
step nine, putting the test mold obtained in the step eight into water again, and maintaining the test mold in the water for 4 days;
step ten, taking the test mold obtained in the step nine out of water, and demolding to obtain a test block;
step eleven, putting the test block obtained in the step eleven into water, and maintaining the test block to be 28 days of age to obtain an underwater forming test group test block;
and step twelve, molding the mixture obtained in the step six on land, maintaining on land, keeping the other operations consistent with the steps seven to eleven, and obtaining the land molding reference group test block.
Example 3
The embodiment provides underwater anti-dispersion concrete. The composition of the underwater anti-dispersion concrete raw material is shown in table 1; the underwater anti-dispersion concrete sample is shown in figure 1; the preparation method comprises the following steps:
step one, placing a test mold with the size of 100mm multiplied by 100mm into a water tank, and adding water into the water tank until the position of 10cm on the upper surface of the test mold;
step two, weighing 6.49kg of cement, 6.97kg of medium sand, 7.09kg of 5-25 crushed stone, 1.77kg of 5-16 crushed stone, 4.87kg of water, 0.39kg of anti-dispersant and 0.13kg of water reducer according to the formula amount;
pouring cement, an anti-dispersing agent and fine aggregate into a concrete mixer, and stirring for 30 seconds to be uniform;
step four, mixing 67 percent of water and all water reducing agents according to the formula amount, pouring the mixture into the mixture obtained in the step three, and continuously stirring for 60 seconds;
fifthly, spraying the residual water on the surface of the coarse aggregate to wet the coarse aggregate;
step six, pouring the pre-wet coarse aggregate obtained in the step five into a stirrer, and stirring for 60 seconds;
step seven, pouring the mixture obtained in the step six into a test mold from the water surface by using a hand shovel until the pouring amount exceeds the surface of the test mold;
step eight, taking the test mold obtained in the step seven out of the water tank, and trowelling;
step nine, putting the test mold obtained in the step eight into water again, and maintaining the test mold in the water for 4 days;
step ten, taking the test mold obtained in the step nine out of water, and demolding to obtain a test block;
step eleven, putting the test block obtained in the step eleven into water, and maintaining the test block to be 28 days of age to obtain an underwater forming test group test block;
and step twelve, molding the mixture obtained in the step six on land, maintaining on land, keeping the other operations consistent with the steps seven to eleven, and obtaining the land molding reference group test block.
Example 4
The embodiment provides underwater anti-dispersion concrete. The composition of the underwater anti-dispersion concrete raw material is shown in table 1; the underwater anti-dispersion concrete sample is shown in figure 1; the preparation method comprises the following steps:
step one, placing a test mold with the size of 100mm multiplied by 100mm into a water tank, and adding water into the water tank until the position of 10cm on the upper surface of the test mold;
step two, weighing 5.84kg of cement, 0.65kg of fly ash, 6.97kg of medium sand, 7.09kg of 5-25 crushed stone, 1.77kg of 5-16 crushed stone, 4.22kg of water, 0.39kg of anti-dispersant and 0.13kg of water reducer according to the formula amount;
pouring cement, fly ash, an anti-dispersant and fine aggregate into a concrete mixer, and stirring for 30 seconds to be uniform;
step four, mixing 67 percent of water and all water reducing agents according to the formula amount, pouring the mixture into the mixture obtained in the step three, and continuously stirring for 60 seconds;
fifthly, spraying the residual water on the surface of the coarse aggregate to wet the coarse aggregate;
step six, pouring the pre-wet coarse aggregate obtained in the step five into a stirrer, and stirring for 60 seconds;
step seven, pouring the mixture obtained in the step six into a test mold from the water surface by using a hand shovel until the pouring amount exceeds the surface of the test mold;
step eight, taking the test mold obtained in the step seven out of the water tank, and trowelling;
step nine, putting the test mold obtained in the step eight into water again, and maintaining the test mold in the water for 4 days;
step ten, taking the test mold obtained in the step nine out of water, and demolding to obtain a test block;
step eleven, putting the test block obtained in the step eleven into water, and maintaining the test block to be 28 days of age to obtain an underwater forming test group test block;
and step twelve, molding the mixture obtained in the step six on land, maintaining on land, keeping the other operations consistent with the steps seven to eleven, and obtaining the land molding reference group test block.
Example 5
The embodiment provides underwater anti-dispersion concrete. The composition of the underwater anti-dispersion concrete raw material is shown in table 1; the underwater anti-dispersion concrete sample is shown in figure 1; the preparation method comprises the following steps:
step one, placing a test mold with the size of 100mm multiplied by 100mm into a water tank, and adding water into the water tank until the position of 10cm on the upper surface of the test mold;
step two, weighing 6.49kg of cement, 6.97kg of medium sand, 7.09kg of 5-25 crushed stone, 1.77kg of 5-16 crushed stone, 4.22kg of water, 0.39kg of anti-dispersant and 0.13kg of water reducing agent according to the formula amount;
pouring cement, an anti-dispersing agent and fine aggregate into a concrete mixer, and stirring for 30 seconds to be uniform;
step four, mixing 67 percent of water and all water reducing agents according to the formula amount, pouring the mixture into the mixture obtained in the step three, and continuously stirring for 60 seconds;
fifthly, spraying the residual water on the surface of the coarse aggregate to wet the coarse aggregate;
step six, pouring the pre-wet coarse aggregate obtained in the step five into a stirrer, and stirring for 60 seconds;
step seven, pouring the mixture obtained in the step six into a test mold from the water surface by using a hand shovel until the pouring amount exceeds the surface of the test mold;
step eight, taking the test mold obtained in the step seven out of the water tank, and trowelling;
step nine, putting the test mold obtained in the step eight into water again, and maintaining the test mold in the water for 4 days;
step ten, taking the test mold obtained in the step nine out of water, and demolding to obtain a test block;
step eleven, putting the test block obtained in the step eleven into water, and maintaining the test block to be 28 days of age to obtain an underwater forming test group test block;
and step twelve, molding the mixture obtained in the step six on land, maintaining on land, keeping the other operations consistent with the steps seven to eleven, and obtaining the land molding reference group test block.
Example 6
The embodiment provides underwater anti-dispersion concrete. The composition of the underwater anti-dispersion concrete raw material is shown in table 1; the underwater anti-dispersion concrete sample is shown in figure 1; the preparation method comprises the following steps:
step one, placing a test mold with the size of 100mm multiplied by 100mm into a water tank, and adding water into the water tank until the position of 10cm on the upper surface of the test mold;
step two, weighing 3.87kg of cement, 8.12kg of medium sand, 8.27kg of 5-25 crushed stone, 2.07kg of 5-16 crushed stone, 2.9kg of water, 0.23kg of anti-dispersant and 0.07kg of water reducing agent according to the formula amount;
pouring cement, an anti-dispersing agent and fine aggregate into a concrete mixer, and stirring for 30 seconds to be uniform;
step four, mixing 67 percent of water and all water reducing agents according to the formula amount, pouring the mixture into the mixture obtained in the step three, and continuously stirring for 60 seconds;
fifthly, spraying the residual water on the surface of the coarse aggregate to wet the coarse aggregate;
step six, pouring the pre-wet coarse aggregate obtained in the step five into a stirrer, and stirring for 60 seconds;
step seven, pouring the mixture obtained in the step six into a test mold from the water surface by using a hand shovel until the pouring amount exceeds the surface of the test mold;
step eight, taking the test mold obtained in the step seven out of the water tank, and trowelling;
step nine, putting the test mold obtained in the step eight into water again, and maintaining the test mold in the water for 4 days;
step ten, taking the test mold obtained in the step nine out of water, and demolding to obtain a test block;
step eleven, putting the test block obtained in the step eleven into water, and maintaining the test block to be 28 days of age to obtain an underwater forming test group test block;
and step twelve, molding the mixture obtained in the step six on land, maintaining on land, keeping the other operations consistent with the steps seven to eleven, and obtaining the land molding reference group test block.
Example 7
The embodiment provides underwater anti-dispersion concrete. The composition of the underwater anti-dispersion concrete raw material is shown in table 1; the underwater anti-dispersion concrete sample is shown in figure 1; the preparation method comprises the following steps:
step one, placing a test mold with the size of 100mm multiplied by 100mm into a water tank, and adding water into the water tank until the position of 10cm on the upper surface of the test mold;
step two, weighing 5.28kg of cement, 7.49kg of medium sand, 7.63kg of 5-25 crushed stone, 1.91kg of 5-16 crushed stone, 3.96kg of water, 0.32kg of anti-dispersant and 0.11kg of water reducer according to the formula amount;
pouring cement, an anti-dispersing agent and fine aggregate into a concrete mixer, and stirring for 30 seconds to be uniform;
step four, mixing 67 percent of water and all water reducing agents according to the formula amount, pouring the mixture into the mixture obtained in the step three, and continuously stirring for 60 seconds;
fifthly, spraying the residual water on the surface of the coarse aggregate to wet the coarse aggregate;
step six, pouring the pre-wet coarse aggregate obtained in the step five into a stirrer, and stirring for 60 seconds;
step seven, pouring the mixture obtained in the step six into a test mold from the water surface by using a hand shovel until the pouring amount exceeds the surface of the test mold;
step eight, taking the test mold obtained in the step seven out of the water tank, and trowelling;
step nine, putting the test mold obtained in the step eight into water again, and maintaining the test mold in the water for 4 days;
step ten, taking the test mold obtained in the step nine out of water, and demolding to obtain a test block;
step eleven, putting the test block obtained in the step eleven into water, and maintaining the test block to be 28 days of age to obtain an underwater forming test group test block;
and step twelve, molding the mixture obtained in the step six on land, maintaining on land, keeping the other operations consistent with the steps seven to eleven, and obtaining the land molding reference group test block.
After the underwater anti-dispersion concrete prepared in the examples 1 to 7 is cured for 28 days, the suspended matter content of the underwater anti-dispersion concrete is detected according to GB/T11901-1989 gravimetric determination method of water suspended matter; detecting the compressive strength of the underwater formed anti-dispersion concrete and the land formed anti-dispersion concrete according to DL/T5117-2000 'test procedure for underwater non-dispersion concrete', and representing the land-water ratio by the ratio of the underwater strength to the land strength; the expansion degree of the underwater anti-dispersion concrete is detected according to DL/T5117-.
Table 1 (0.01 kg ═ 1 part by weight)
The test result shows that: the contents of suspended matters of the underwater anti-dispersion concrete prepared by the seven mixing ratios are less than 140mg/L, the expansion degrees are all more than 490mm, and the 28d land-water compressive strength ratios are all more than 70%; example 7 is the most preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example provides a normal concrete. The composition of the common concrete raw materials is shown in table 2; the common concrete sample is shown in figure 2; the preparation method comprises the following steps:
step one, placing a test mold with the size of 100mm multiplied by 100mm into a water tank, and adding water into the water tank until the position of 10cm on the upper surface of the test mold;
step two, weighing 3.03kg of cement, 0.84kg of mineral powder, 0.79kg of fly ash, 7.86kg of medium sand, 7.8kg of 5-25 crushed stone, 2kg of 5-16 crushed stone and 2.55kg of water according to the formula amount;
pouring cement, mineral powder, fly ash and fine aggregate into a concrete mixer, and stirring for 30 seconds to be uniform;
step four, pouring 67 percent of water in the formula amount into the mixture obtained in the step three, and continuously stirring for 60 seconds;
fifthly, spraying the residual water on the surface of the coarse aggregate to wet the coarse aggregate;
step six, pouring the pre-wet coarse aggregate obtained in the step five into a stirrer, and stirring for 60 seconds;
step seven, pouring the mixture obtained in the step six into a test mold from the water surface by using a hand shovel until the pouring amount exceeds the surface of the test mold;
step eight, taking the test mold obtained in the step seven out of the water tank, and trowelling;
step nine, putting the test mold obtained in the step eight into water again, and maintaining the test mold in the water for 4 days;
step ten, taking the test mold obtained in the step nine out of water, and demolding to obtain a test block;
step eleven, putting the test block obtained in the step eleven into water, and maintaining the test block to be 28 days of age to obtain an underwater forming test group test block;
and step twelve, molding the mixture obtained in the step six on land, maintaining on land, keeping the other operations consistent with the steps seven to eleven, and obtaining the land molding reference group test block.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example provides an underwater anti-dispersion concrete. The composition of the underwater anti-dispersion concrete raw material is shown in table 2; the underwater anti-dispersion concrete sample is shown in figure 2; the preparation method comprises the following steps:
step one, placing a test mold with the size of 100mm multiplied by 100mm into a water tank, and adding water into the water tank until the position of 10cm on the upper surface of the test mold;
step two, weighing 3.03kg of cement, 0.84kg of mineral powder, 0.79kg of fly ash, 7.86kg of medium sand, 7.8kg of 5-25 crushed stone, 2kg of 5-16 crushed stone, 2.55kg of water and 0.28kg of anti-dispersant according to the formula amount;
pouring cement, mineral powder, fly ash, an anti-dispersant and fine aggregate into a concrete mixer, and stirring for 30 seconds to be uniform;
step four, pouring 67 percent of water in the formula amount into the mixture obtained in the step three, and continuously stirring for 60 seconds;
fifthly, spraying the residual water on the surface of the coarse aggregate to wet the coarse aggregate;
step six, pouring the pre-wet coarse aggregate obtained in the step five into a stirrer, and stirring for 60 seconds;
step seven, pouring the mixture obtained in the step six into a test mold from the water surface by using a hand shovel until the pouring amount exceeds the surface of the test mold;
step eight, taking the test mold obtained in the step seven out of the water tank, and trowelling;
step nine, putting the test mold obtained in the step eight into water again, and maintaining the test mold in the water for 4 days;
step ten, taking the test mold obtained in the step nine out of water, and demolding to obtain a test block;
step eleven, putting the test block obtained in the step eleven into water, and maintaining the test block to be 28 days of age to obtain an underwater forming test group test block;
and step twelve, molding the mixture obtained in the step six on land, maintaining on land, keeping the other operations consistent with the steps seven to eleven, and obtaining the land molding reference group test block.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example provides an underwater anti-dispersion concrete. The composition of the underwater anti-dispersion concrete raw material is shown in table 2; the underwater anti-dispersion concrete sample is shown in figure 2; the preparation method comprises the following steps:
step one, placing a test mold with the size of 100mm multiplied by 100mm into a water tank, and adding water into the water tank until the position of 10cm on the upper surface of the test mold;
step two, weighing 3.03kg of cement, 0.84kg of mineral powder, 0.79kg of fly ash, 7.86kg of medium sand, 7.8kg of 5-25 crushed stone, 2kg of 5-16 crushed stone, 3.5kg of water, 0.28kg of anti-dispersant and 0.09kg of water reducer according to the formula amount;
pouring cement, mineral powder, fly ash, an anti-dispersant and fine aggregate into a concrete mixer, and stirring for 30 seconds to be uniform;
step four, mixing 67 percent of water and all water reducing agents according to the formula amount, pouring the mixture into the mixture obtained in the step three, and continuously stirring for 60 seconds;
fifthly, spraying the residual water on the surface of the coarse aggregate to wet the coarse aggregate;
step six, pouring the pre-wet coarse aggregate obtained in the step five into a stirrer, and stirring for 60 seconds;
step seven, pouring the mixture obtained in the step six into a test mold from the water surface by using a hand shovel until the pouring amount exceeds the surface of the test mold;
step eight, taking the test mold obtained in the step seven out of the water tank, and trowelling;
step nine, putting the test mold obtained in the step eight into water again, and maintaining the test mold in the water for 4 days;
step ten, taking the test mold obtained in the step nine out of water, and demolding to obtain a test block;
step eleven, putting the test block obtained in the step eleven into water, and maintaining the test block to be 28 days of age to obtain an underwater forming test group test block;
and step twelve, molding the mixture obtained in the step six on land, maintaining on land, keeping the other operations consistent with the steps seven to eleven, and obtaining the land molding reference group test block.
Comparative example 4
This comparative example provides an underwater anti-dispersion concrete. The composition of the underwater anti-dispersion concrete raw material is shown in table 2; the underwater anti-dispersion concrete sample is shown in figure 2; the preparation method comprises the following steps:
step one, placing a test mold with the size of 100mm multiplied by 100mm into a water tank, and adding water into the water tank until the position of 10cm on the upper surface of the test mold;
step two, weighing 5.19kg of cement, 0.13kg of fly ash, 6.97kg of medium sand, 7.09kg of 5-25 crushed stone, 1.77kg of 5-16 crushed stone, 4.22kg of water, 0.39kg of anti-dispersant and 0.13kg of water reducer according to the formula amount;
pouring cement, fly ash, an anti-dispersant and fine aggregate into a concrete mixer, and stirring for 30 seconds to be uniform;
step four, mixing 67 percent of water and all water reducing agents according to the formula amount, pouring the mixture into the mixture obtained in the step three, and continuously stirring for 60 seconds;
fifthly, spraying the residual water on the surface of the coarse aggregate to wet the coarse aggregate;
step six, pouring the pre-wet coarse aggregate obtained in the step five into a stirrer, and stirring for 60 seconds;
step seven, pouring the mixture obtained in the step six into a test mold from the water surface by using a hand shovel until the pouring amount exceeds the surface of the test mold;
step eight, taking the test mold obtained in the step seven out of the water tank, and trowelling;
step nine, putting the test mold obtained in the step eight into water again, and maintaining the test mold in the water for 4 days;
step ten, taking the test mold obtained in the step nine out of water, and demolding to obtain a test block;
step eleven, putting the test block obtained in the step eleven into water, and maintaining the test block to be 28 days of age to obtain an underwater forming test group test block;
and step twelve, molding the mixture obtained in the step six on land, maintaining on land, keeping the other operations consistent with the steps seven to eleven, and obtaining the land molding reference group test block.
The concrete of comparative examples 1 to 4 were measured for suspended matter content, spread and land-water ratio by the methods described in examples 1 to 7, respectively.
Table 2(1 weight 0.01kg)
The test result shows that: the common concrete of the comparative example 1 is not doped with the underwater anti-dispersion agent, the content of the suspension is more than 150mg/L, the land-water ratio is less than 70 percent, and the underwater anti-dispersion agent is not formed; the underwater anti-dispersion concrete of comparative example 2, which is doped with the anti-dispersing agent and not doped with the water reducing agent, has an expansion degree of less than 490mm and no fluidity; comparative examples 3 and 4 attempted to increase the concrete expansion by adjusting the water-to-cement ratio to 0.75 and the fly ash to 20%, but the land-to-water ratio was less than 70%. Therefore, if the underwater anti-dispersion concrete with fluidity, underwater anti-dispersion property and mechanical property is prepared, the components of the anti-dispersion agent, the water reducing agent, the water-cement ratio, the sand rate, the colloidal aggregate ratio, the fly ash and the like need to be systematically adjusted, so that the system can achieve the optimal combination. The mixing amount of the anti-dispersing agent is enough, the components of other raw materials are systematically adjusted, and the good measurement index is held, so that the key for obtaining the underwater anti-dispersing concrete with excellent comprehensive performance is realized.
In conclusion, the invention provides the underwater anti-dispersion concrete with high anti-dispersion property, good flowing property and good mechanical property, and based on the excellent comprehensive property, the pollution of underwater construction to surrounding water areas is reduced, and the engineering quality is improved.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with respect to the above embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or improvements based on the disclosure of the present invention may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and these modifications and improvements are within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The underwater anti-dispersion concrete is characterized by comprising a cementing material, an aggregate, water, an anti-dispersing agent and a water reducing agent, wherein the cementing material comprises cement, mineral powder and fly ash, and the aggregate comprises medium sand, first-class broken stone and second-class broken stone; the mixing amount of the anti-dispersing agent is 6% of the mixing amount of the cementing material, the mixing amount of the water reducing agent is 2% of the mixing amount of the cementing material, the sand rate of the aggregate is 44%, the grain diameter of the first-class broken stone is 5-16mm, the grain diameter of the second-class broken stone is 5-25mm, and the mixing amount of the first-class broken stone is 20% of the total mixing amount of the broken stones; the underwater anti-dispersion concrete comprises the following components in parts by weight: 387-649 parts of cement, 0-120 parts of mineral powder, 0-127 parts of fly ash, 812 parts of medium sand 673-containing material, 207 parts of first-class broken stone, 827 parts of second-class broken stone, 487 parts of water 290-containing material, 23.22-42.24 parts of anti-dispersant and 7.74-14.08 parts of water reducer.
2. The underwater anti-dispersion concrete according to claim 1, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 649 parts of cement 528-containing material, 0 part of mineral powder, 0 part of fly ash, 697-containing medium sand 749 parts, 709-763 parts of 5-25 gravel, 191 parts of 177-16 gravel, 396-containing water 487 parts, 31.68-38.94 parts of anti-dispersant and 10.56-12.98 parts of water reducer.
3. The underwater anti-dispersion concrete according to claim 2, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 528 parts of cement, 0 part of mineral powder, 0 part of fly ash, 749 parts of medium sand, 763 parts of 5-25 broken stone, 191 parts of 5-16 broken stone, 396 parts of water, 31.68 parts of anti-dispersant and 10.56 parts of water reducer.
4. The underwater antidispersion concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the cement is selected from P.O42.5 Portland cement with a specific surface area of 350g/cm2。
5. The underwater anti-dispersion concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the fly ash is selected from class C class II fly ash, the 45 micron mesh screen residue is 26%, the water content is 0.3%, the loss on ignition is 2.96%, the water demand ratio is 100%, and the volume stability is 0.5 mm.
6. The underwater anti-dispersion concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the fine aggregate is selected from natural medium sand having a fineness modulus of 2.86, and the natural medium sand has a particle size of 17:23:21:19:15:3, a specific gravity of 0.075-0.15mm, 0.15-0.3mm, 0.3-0.6mm, 0.6-1.18mm, 1.18-2.36mm, 2.36-4.75 mm.
7. The underwater dispersion-resistant concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the coarse aggregate is selected from crushed stones, and the coarse aggregate has a particle size of 5 to 25mm, a specific gravity of 5 to 16mm of 80: 20.
8. The underwater antidispersion concrete of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the antidispersion agent is selected from water soluble polyacrylamide antidispersion agents.
9. The underwater anti-dispersion concrete of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the water reducer is selected from medium effect polycarboxylic acid water reducers, having a water reduction rate of 23.4%.
10. A method of preparing an underwater anti-dispersion concrete for use in preparing an underwater anti-dispersion concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:
step one, placing a test mold with the size of 100mm multiplied by 100mm into a water tank, and adding water into the water tank until the position of 10cm on the upper surface of the test mold;
step two, weighing cement, fly ash, mineral powder, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, water, anti-dispersant and water reducer according to the formula amount;
pouring cement, fly ash, mineral powder, anti-dispersant and fine aggregate into a concrete mixer, and stirring for 15-45 seconds to be uniform;
step four, mixing 33-75% of water and all water reducing agents according to the formula amount, pouring the mixture into the mixture obtained in the step three, and continuously stirring for 45-90 seconds;
fifthly, spraying the residual water on the surface of the coarse aggregate to wet the coarse aggregate;
step six, pouring the pre-wet coarse aggregate obtained in the step five into a stirrer, and stirring for 45-90 seconds;
step seven, pouring the mixture obtained in the step six into a test mold from the water surface by using a hand shovel until the pouring amount exceeds the surface of the test mold;
step eight, taking the test mold obtained in the step seven out of the water tank, and trowelling;
step nine, putting the test mold obtained in the step eight into water again, and maintaining the test mold in the water for 1 to 4 days;
step ten, taking the test mold obtained in the step nine out of water, and demolding to obtain a test block;
step eleven, putting the test block obtained in the step eleven into water, and maintaining the test block to be 28 days of age to obtain an underwater forming test group test block;
and step twelve, molding the mixture obtained in the step six on land, maintaining on land, keeping the other operations consistent with the steps seven to eleven, and obtaining the land molding reference group test block.
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| CN115557757A (en) * | 2022-11-14 | 2023-01-03 | 安徽省交通控股集团有限公司 | Anti-scouring adjustable-setting dado concrete suitable for underwater construction |
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| CN103102125A (en) * | 2013-01-25 | 2013-05-15 | 同济大学 | Manufactured sand underwater dispersion resistant concrete and preparation method thereof |
| CN106977160A (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2017-07-25 | 天津市滨涛混凝土有限公司 | A kind of non-dispersible underwater concrete and preparation method thereof |
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