CN114380466A - Ecological bank belt greening system and method for slightly polluted river - Google Patents
Ecological bank belt greening system and method for slightly polluted river Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an ecological bank belt greening system for slightly polluted rivers, wherein a symbiotic system receives polluted water through a water inlet pipe and performs primary treatment on the polluted water; the symbiotic system inputs the water after primary treatment to the sample measuring part through a water inlet pipe; the synchronous measuring device is provided with a siphon pipe and a dropping part which extend into the sample measuring part and are used for measuring the liquid in the sample measuring part; the sample measuring part inputs water into the chemical precipitation layer arranged at the bottom of the reprocessing layer through the water distribution pipeline for secondary treatment of the inflowing water, and according to the characteristics of the liquid in the sample measuring part, titrant is added into the sample measuring part to induce chemical reaction, and the chemical reaction is compared with periodic readings of samples with known characteristics, so that the components of pollutants are measured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of greening of ecological bank belts of polluted rivers, in particular to a greening system and a greening method for ecological bank belts of slightly polluted rivers.
Background
The riparian zone is a complete ecosystem which comprises not only plants but also animals and microorganisms and has extremely rich biological populations, so that the ecological riparian zone is an ecosystem which is formed by the plants, the animals and the microorganisms from the aspect of biological population structure, provides a good habitat for the rich populations and provides a good habitat for the metabolism and population reproduction of the organisms. Inside the ecological riparian zone system, complex food chains exist among various organisms, and the biological populations exchange complex information, substances and energy through the complex food chains, so that the dynamic balance of the biological populations inside the system is maintained. In the past, land management and utilization of the riparian zone only pay attention to economic benefits and neglect ecological effects. This results in reduced water quality, increased water and soil loss, and reduced river species. The traditional river bank protection type mainly comprises a grouted or dry block stone slope protection, a cast-in-place concrete slope protection, a precast concrete block slope protection and the like.
The ecological riparian zone has strong buffering effect, can intercept or filter pollutants, and can greatly reduce the amount of the pollutants entering the water body due to the physical and chemical effects of the ecological riparian zone, because the biomass in the ecological riparian zone is large, the rhizosphere microorganisms have strong activity, and more organic matters carried in runoff are degraded in the environment, and most harmful microorganisms and parasites are filtered and eliminated. The ecological riparian zone can control dissolved substances from landscape substrates, provide enough habitats and channels for populations inside the two banks, can better reduce the pollution of various dissolved substances from surrounding landscapes and ensure the water quality; the uninterrupted riparian vegetation zone can maintain aquatic conditions such as low water temperature and high oxygen content, and is beneficial to the survival of certain fishes. Vegetation cover along both sides of the river can slow down the influence of flood, provide organic matters for an aquatic food chain and provide a habitat for fishes and rare populations on the plain.
However, these technologies are only used for protecting the stability of a bank slope from the viewpoint of introducing plant species, and include not only plants but also animals and other microorganisms for the true ecology, so these technologies are not ecological bank protection in the true sense.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an ecological bank greening system for lightly polluted rivers, comprising: a symbiotic system, a chemical precipitation layer, a sample measuring part, a synchronous measuring device and a reprocessing layer;
the symbiotic system receives polluted water through a water inlet pipe and performs primary treatment on the polluted water;
the symbiotic system inputs the water after primary treatment to the sample measuring part through a water inlet pipe;
the synchronous measuring device is provided with a siphon pipe and a dropping part which extend into the sample measuring part and are used for measuring the liquid in the sample measuring part;
the sample measuring part inputs water into the chemical precipitation layer arranged at the bottom of the reprocessing layer through a water distribution pipeline and is used for carrying out secondary treatment on the inflowing water.
Further, the symbiotic system has a cushion and a bacterial medium in which cover plants are planted, and the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are positioned through the cushion.
Further, the synchronous measuring device has a siphon discharge pipe extending from a siphon connection member into the sample measuring portion, and a dropping portion that transports a titration fluid from a source unit into the sample measuring portion.
Further, a plurality of apertures in the synchronous assay device for mounting an ion sensing probe and a conductivity sensing probe for calibrating the liquid flowing into the sample assay portion.
Further, the bacterial medium comprises bacteria capable of decomposing organic matter in the contaminated water.
Furthermore, an exhaust valve and an exhaust pipe are arranged on one side of the top of the siphon discharge pipeline, which is opposite to the siphon connecting piece, and the exhaust pipe is vertical to and communicated with the siphon discharge pipeline;
in the on-line measurement process, under the condition that the exhaust valve is opened, the sample valve is opened, so that the pressurized liquid flows into the sample measurement part from the water outlet pipe until the liquid level is above the inlet end of the siphon pipe; excess liquid is forced out of the sample measurement station through the siphon drain line, and after the siphon drain line is filled, the sample valve closes to stop the flow of liquid into the sample measurement station.
Further, when the measurement is over, the vent valve is reopened, allowing the liquid held in the siphon tube and siphon discharge line to flow until the liquid level in the sample measurement portion drops below the inlet end of the siphon tube.
An ecological bank greening method realized by an ecological bank greening system comprises the following steps:
s1, the symbiotic system receives polluted water through the water inlet pipe and carries out primary treatment on the polluted water;
s2, the symbiotic system inputs the water after primary treatment to the sample measuring part through the water outlet pipe;
s3, the synchronous measurement device measuring the liquid in the sample measurement section;
and S4, after the measurement is finished, the sample measuring part inputs water into the chemical precipitation layer arranged at the bottom of the reprocessing layer through the water distribution pipeline and is used for carrying out secondary treatment on the inflowing water.
Further, a titrant is added to the sample measurement section to induce a chemical reaction based on the characteristics of the liquid in the sample measurement section, which is compared to periodic readings of a sample of known characteristics to measure the composition of the contaminant.
Further, a calibration liquid is caused to flow into the sample measuring section at appropriate intervals, and correction of the composition of the liquid in the sample measuring section is achieved by comparing the detection results of the ion-sensing probe and the conductivity-sensing probe.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an ecological bank belt greening system of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a connection structure between a sample measuring section and a synchronous measuring apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a detailed structure of a water distribution pipe according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the greening method of the ecological bank.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
In the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, in order to better and more clearly illustrate the working principle of each element in the system, the connection relationship of each part in the device is shown, only the relative position relationship between each element is clearly distinguished, and the limitation on the signal transmission direction, the connection sequence, the size, the dimension and the shape of each part structure in the element or structure cannot be formed.
As shown in fig. 1, the system for greening an ecological bank zone according to the present invention includes a symbiotic system 10, a chemical precipitation layer 30, a sample measuring unit 20, a synchronous measuring device 60, and a reprocessing layer 40.
The symbiotic system 10 acts as the primary treatment system at the same time. The symbiotic system 10 has a bed 11 and a bacterial medium 12 and a cover plant 13 is planted in the bacterial medium 12. The cogeneration system 10 receives contaminated water through the water inlet pipe 50.
The cogeneration system 10 is constructed by removing or excavating the earth and forming a basin. The water impermeable mat 11 is typically arranged over the entire bottom portion of the primary treatment system with the inlet pipe 50 and the outlet pipe 51 being positioned through the mat 11.
After the symbiotic system is constructed or used for several years, the water-proof cushion layer is saturated to adsorb harmful substances and needs to be replaced, so that the degradation of pollutants in the river water body is promoted.
The water-impermeable backing 11 is provided with a water inlet tube 50 sealed by an inlet seal 15. Preferably, the inlet seal 15 is constructed by creating a hole in the water-impermeable backing layer 11 that is smaller than the diameter of the inlet pipe 50. The mat 11 is stretched over the inlet pipe 50 and then sealed with an adhesive mastic material. Likewise, the same technique is used when installing outlet pipe 51.
The bacterial medium 12 comprises bacteria capable of decomposing organic matter in the wastewater. The main attribute of the bacterial medium 12 is to provide space for bacteria that need to be matched to the type of contaminant to be removed in the water or other fluid flowing past.
Depending on the type of contaminant to be removed from the wastewater, the retreatment layer 40 may contain a variety of natural or synthetic bacterial media, a variety of bacteria, and phytoplankton planted therein. The retreatment layer 40 of the present invention may be similar to the initial treatment layer, including similar bacterial media and cover plants, except that the retreatment layer 40 is configured without a water impermeable backing layer. The retreatment section 40 is used to redistribute the treated water into the discharge area, i.e., back into the river system. Release of treated sewage back into the river system may be accomplished by seeping out of the bottom of the retreatment section 40 or by a variety of other means such as an effluent pipe from the retreatment section 40.
In the symbiotic system 10, the root structure of the cover plant 13 has propagated almost to the full depth of the symbiotic system 10. The depth and invasiveness of the root structure of the cover plant 13 are important factors for effective removal of contaminants. Bacteria growing in the bacterial medium 12 remove contaminants from the contaminated water as the water stream of the contaminated river flows through the inlet pipe 50 into the symbiotic system 10. Oxygen diffuses into the bacterial medium 12 through the root structure of the cover plants 13. The nutrients in bacterial medium 12 are absorbed by the root structure of the cover plants 13 to produce plant biomass. The bulk of the water in the bacterial medium 12 is absorbed by the root structure of the mulch plant 13 and evaporated through the leaves. It can be seen that the bacteria in the bacterial medium 12 form a symbiotic relationship with the cover plant 13, promoting primary purification of the contaminated water.
The present invention preferably may have a plurality of primary treatment systems, each separated by a sample measuring section 20, the sample measuring section 20 being connected to a synchronous measuring device 60 and other water level control devices to introduce effluent into the reprocessing layer 40.
The chemical precipitation layer 30 is disposed at the bottom of the reprocessing layer 40, and the reprocessing layer 40 distributes the processed water from the sample measuring part 20 to the bottom of the chemical precipitation layer 30 through the water distribution pipe 31.
The chemical precipitation layer 30 contains a flocculant, which is one or more of a chemical flocculant or a microbial flocculant. Preferably, the microbial flocculant is a biological protein flocculant, and the adding amount is 5-10g/m2. The biological protein flocculant has stable property, is non-volatile, non-toxic and harmless, has excellent biodegradability, and has no secondary pollution when being used in water. After the sewage is flocculated and precipitated, the supernatant is basically free from residue.
As shown in fig. 3, which is a specific structural diagram of the water distribution pipe 31, the water distribution pipe 31 distributes water to the concentration area 301 and the dispersion area 302, and as the flow continues, the level of the effluent liquid rises through the perforations in the water distribution pipe 303 of the water distribution pipe 31 and is introduced into the chemical precipitation layer, the level rises gradually, and during the rising process, the contaminants in the water are chemically precipitated to the bottom, and the level of the supernatant liquid rises to a level sufficient to be discharged through the effluent pipe 55 of the reprocessing layer 40.
As shown in FIG. 2, the synchronous measurement device 60 is a schematic view showing a connection structure between the sample measurement unit 20 and the synchronous measurement device 60, and the synchronous measurement device 60 includes a siphon tube 67 and a dropping portion 68 extending to the sample measurement unit 20. A water outlet pipe 51 extends through the sample valve 21 to the sample inlet 7. The siphon discharge conduit 22 extends from the siphon connection 6 to a siphon tube 67 within the sample measurement section 20 a distance D below the inlet opening, the distance D being selected to establish a pressure differential between the inlet 23 of the siphon tube 67 and the outlet 25 of the siphon discharge conduit 22 sufficient to initiate and maintain gravity siphon flow, the drip channel 24 transporting titration fluid from the source unit into the sample measurement section 20 and into the reservoir via the titration connection 14 and drip 68.
An exhaust valve 29 and an exhaust pipe 27 are arranged on the top of the siphon discharge pipe 22 opposite to the siphon connection member 6, and the exhaust pipe 27 is perpendicular to and communicated with the siphon discharge pipe 22.
During an on-line measurement, with the vent valve 29 open, typically to atmosphere, the sample valve 21 is opened, causing pressurized liquid to flow from the outlet tube 51 into the sample measurement station 20. As liquid fills the sample metering section 20 from the bottom, the vent valve 29 remains open, displacing trapped air through the vent tube 27 and vent valve 29 and also through the siphon discharge line 22 until the sample metering section is about half full, with the liquid level 32 above the inlet end 23 of the siphon tube 67.
The vent valve 29 closes as the pressurized liquid continues to flow through the outlet tube 51 into the sample measurement station 20. Excess liquid is forced out of the sample measurement station 20 through a siphon drain 22. After the siphon discharge line is filled, the sample valve 21 is closed to stop the flow of liquid into the sample measuring section 20. At this point, the exhaust valve 29 is also in the closed position, thus stopping all flow.
When the measurement is over, the vent valve 29 is reopened, allowing the liquid held in the siphon 67 and siphon discharge pipe 22 to flow. Gravity siphoning continues until the liquid level 32 in the sample measurement station 20 drops below the inlet end 23 of the siphon tube 67, thereby exposing the inlet end of the tube to the air in the sample measurement station 20, breaking the siphon and leaving liquid remaining in the sample measurement station 20.
A titrant is added to the sample measurement station 20 based on the characteristics of the sample to be measured, a chemical reaction is induced, and a comparison is made with periodic readings of a sample of known characteristics, allowing the operator to read the on-line process and thereby measure the components of the contaminant. The CPU microprocessor derives the concentration of the sample solution and stores the results, and sends the results to a display or recording device. The analysis is therefore fully automated and can be programmed by the operator to perform repeated operations on a frequency.
In a preferred embodiment, a plurality of apertures in synchro-determination device 60 are provided for mounting ion sensing probe 9 and conductivity sensing probe 11. Measurement of the properties or composition of the calibration liquid allows for recalibration of the ion sensing probe 9 and conductivity sensing probe 11 to correct for system variations, which would normally be done by flowing the calibration liquid into the sample measurement section 20 at appropriate intervals to correct the composition of the sample measurement section by comparing the detection results of the ion sensing probe 9 and conductivity sensing probe 11.
In a preferred embodiment, the CPU further constructs a graph database and an attribute database based on the derived concentration of the sample solution, constructs a regional water quality model, and realizes program linkage of each regional water quality model, and simultaneously outputs the water quality simulation result values of the upstream, the middle and the downstream of the polluted river with different characteristics by integrating the reference points, and analyzes the influence degree of the water quality in the upstream, the middle and the downstream regions, so that the water quality simulation of the upstream, the middle and the downstream linkage of the polluted river can be simulated, and the result of the water quality simulation is transmitted to a display or recording device, and an equivalent map for inquiring the water quality simulation result is displayed.
If there is no necessary map of the same numerical value, a design drawing composed of the water quality simulation result is created and stored in the CAD format, and then converted into a numerical map in the form of a shape file, and displayed on a display or recording device.
The invention also provides an ecological bank belt greening method realized by using the ecological bank belt greening system, and as shown in fig. 4, the flow chart of the ecological bank belt greening method comprises the following steps:
s1, the symbiotic system receives polluted water through the water inlet pipe and carries out primary treatment on the polluted water;
s2, the symbiotic system inputs the water after primary treatment to the sample measuring part through the water outlet pipe;
s3, the synchronous measurement device measuring the liquid in the sample measurement section;
and S4, after the measurement is finished, the sample measuring part inputs water into the chemical precipitation layer arranged at the bottom of the reprocessing layer through the water distribution pipeline and is used for carrying out secondary treatment on the inflowing water.
According to the ecological bank belt greening system and the greening method, after the coverage rate of the coverage plants of the symbiotic system reaches 100%, the related water quality conditions are detected, and the result shows that the ecological bank belt greening system has the removal efficiency of 80% for TN, 63% for TP, 83.4% for SS and 40.9% for COD in the polluted water flow.
Other embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention following, in general, the principles of the invention and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the invention pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the invention being indicated by the following claims.
It will be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise arrangements described above and shown in the drawings and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the invention is limited only by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. An ecological bank greening system for lightly polluted rivers, comprising: a symbiotic system, a chemical precipitation layer, a sample measuring part, a synchronous measuring device and a reprocessing layer;
the symbiotic system receives polluted water through a water inlet pipe and performs primary treatment on the polluted water;
the symbiotic system inputs the water after primary treatment to the sample measuring part through a water inlet pipe;
the synchronous measuring device is provided with a siphon pipe and a dropping part which extend into the sample measuring part and are used for measuring the liquid in the sample measuring part;
the sample measuring part inputs water into the chemical precipitation layer arranged at the bottom of the reprocessing layer through a water distribution pipeline and is used for carrying out secondary treatment on the inflowing water.
2. The ecological shore belt greening system of claim 1, wherein said symbiotic system has a bed layer and a bacterial medium in which cover plants are planted, said water inlet pipe and said water outlet pipe being positioned through said bed layer.
3. The ecological bank greening system of claim 2, wherein the synchronous measurement device has a siphon discharge pipe extending from a siphon connection into the sample measurement section and a drop section that delivers the titration fluid from a source unit into the sample measurement section.
4. The ecological bank greening system of claim 2, wherein a plurality of apertures in the synchro-measuring device are used for mounting ion sensing probes and conductivity sensing probes for calibrating the liquid flowing into the sample measuring section.
5. The ecological shore a greening system according to claim 2, wherein said bacterial medium comprises bacteria capable of decomposing organic matter in polluted water.
6. The ecological bank belt greening system as claimed in claim 3, wherein an exhaust valve and an exhaust pipe are arranged at the top of the siphon discharge pipeline on the side opposite to the siphon connection member, and the exhaust pipe is arranged perpendicular to and communicated with the siphon discharge pipeline;
in the on-line measurement process, under the condition that the exhaust valve is opened, the sample valve is opened, so that the pressurized liquid flows into the sample measurement part from the water outlet pipe until the liquid level is above the inlet end of the siphon pipe; excess liquid is forced out of the sample measurement station through the siphon drain line, and after the siphon drain line is filled, the sample valve closes to stop the flow of liquid into the sample measurement station.
7. The ecological shore a greening system according to claim 6, wherein when the measurement is finished, the vent valve is reopened, allowing the liquid remaining in the siphon tube and the siphon discharge pipe to flow until the liquid level in the sample measuring portion falls below the inlet end of the siphon tube.
8. An ecological bank greening method implemented by the ecological bank greening system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:
s1, the symbiotic system receives polluted water through the water inlet pipe and carries out primary treatment on the polluted water;
s2, the symbiotic system inputs the water after primary treatment to the sample measuring part through the water outlet pipe;
s3, the synchronous measurement device measuring the liquid in the sample measurement section;
and S4, after the measurement is finished, the sample measuring part inputs water into the chemical precipitation layer arranged at the bottom of the reprocessing layer through the water distribution pipeline and is used for carrying out secondary treatment on the inflowing water.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein a titrant is added to the sample measuring part according to the characteristics of the liquid in the sample measuring part, a chemical reaction is induced, and compared with periodic readings of a sample of known characteristics, thereby measuring the components of the contaminants.
10. The ecological bank greening method of claim 9, wherein the calibration liquid is flowed into the sample measuring part at appropriate intervals, and the correction of the composition of the liquid in the sample measuring part is performed by comparing the detection results of the ion sensing probe and the conductivity sensing probe.
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