CN114377872A - Coaxial laser composite cold spraying nozzle device - Google Patents
Coaxial laser composite cold spraying nozzle device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114377872A CN114377872A CN202011067458.0A CN202011067458A CN114377872A CN 114377872 A CN114377872 A CN 114377872A CN 202011067458 A CN202011067458 A CN 202011067458A CN 114377872 A CN114377872 A CN 114377872A
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- fixed cylinder
- reflector
- laval
- assembly
- sleeve
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
- B05B7/16—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed
- B05B7/22—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed electrically, magnetically or electromagnetically, e.g. by arc
- B05B7/228—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed electrically, magnetically or electromagnetically, e.g. by arc using electromagnetic radiation, e.g. laser
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
- B05B7/16—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of composite additive manufacturing equipment, and particularly discloses a coaxial laser composite cold spraying nozzle device, which comprises a beam collimating mirror, a sleeve, a fixed cylinder assembly, a reflector assembly and a Laval pipe assembly, wherein: the beam collimating mirror, the sleeve, the fixed cylinder assembly and the Laval pipe assembly are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and the fixed cylinder assembly comprises a first fixed cylinder and a second fixed cylinder; the reflector assembly comprises a concave reflector and a conical reflector which are coaxially arranged, the concave reflector is arranged in the first fixed cylinder and fixed at the lower end of the sleeve, and the conical reflector is arranged at the upper end of the second fixed cylinder; when the device works, the collimated parallel light beams are reflected twice by the conical surface reflector and the concave surface reflector to obtain contracted annular light beams, the annular light beams heat powder sprayed by the Laval tube, and then laser composite surface strengthening is completed, and effective deposition of high-hardness and high-melting-point ceramic or high-temperature alloy materials in a non-melting state is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of composite additive manufacturing equipment, and particularly relates to a coaxial laser composite cold spraying nozzle device.
Background
Cold spray technology is a surface engineering and additive manufacturing technology developed based on the principle of gas dynamics. Cold spray techniques utilize heated high pressure gas (typically above 1.5 Mpa) to mix micron-sized metal or metal mixture powders, and accelerate the mixed carrier gas to sonic velocity or beyond (to the critical velocity for its deposition) through specially designed Laval nozzles (see: ASSADI H, KREYE H,
F,et,al.Cold Spraying—A Materials Perspective[J]acta Materialia,2016,116: 382-. Further, the powder material is further accumulated on the existing deposition layer, and the additive processing based on cold gas spraying is realized.
The laser cladding technology is a process method which comprises the steps of conveying spraying powder to the surface of a substrate under the action of a powder feeder, heating and melting the spraying powder through high-energy laser beams, cooling the melting powder and depositing the melting powder on the surface of the substrate to form a coating. The coating prepared by laser cladding can realize metallurgical bonding with a substrate, has strong bonding force and compact structure, and can effectively improve the high-temperature oxidation resistance of the coating (see the documents: Y.H.Sohn, J.H.Kim, E.H.Jordan, M.Gell.thermal cycling of EB-PVD MCrAlY thermal barrier Coatings: I.microstuctural depth and dispersion mechanism [ J ] Surface and Coatings Technology 2001(146): 70-78.).
The cold spraying technology and the laser cladding technology are both mature surface engineering/additive manufacturing technologies in the prior art. However, one of the disadvantages associated with this is that it is difficult to achieve effective deposition in the non-molten state for ceramic or superalloy materials having high hardness and high melting point. In order to solve the problem of preparation/additive manufacturing of the special material coating, surface engineering equipment with certain energy density and energy distribution form needs to be provided.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects or the improvement requirements of the prior art, the invention provides a coaxial laser composite cold spraying nozzle device, which aims to realize the laser composite surface strengthening process based on cold air dynamic spraying by the synergistic effect of laser, cooling water, high-pressure gas, spraying powder and the like in the nozzle device and realize the effective deposition of high-hardness and high-melting-point ceramic or high-temperature alloy materials in a non-melting state.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a coaxial laser composite cold spray nozzle device, comprising a beam collimator, a sleeve, a fixed cylinder assembly, a reflector assembly, and a Laval tube assembly, wherein:
the beam collimating lens, the sleeve, the fixed cylinder assembly and the Laval pipe assembly are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and the fixed cylinder assembly comprises a first fixed cylinder and a second fixed cylinder which are fixedly connected; the reflector assembly comprises a concave reflector and a conical reflector which are coaxially arranged, the concave reflector is arranged in the first fixed cylinder and fixed at the lower end of the sleeve, and the conical reflector is arranged at the upper end of the second fixed cylinder; the Laval pipe assembly is installed at the lower end of the second fixed cylinder and used for spraying powder through high-pressure gas.
When the device works, vertical parallel light beams collimated by the light beam collimating mirror reach the conical reflector through the sleeve, are modulated into horizontal light beams which are scattered to the periphery by the conical reflector, and are reflected by the concave reflector with the rotary parabolic section, the horizontal light beams are focused on a parabolic focus to form annular light beams, and the annular light beams heat spraying powder and base materials sprayed by the Laval tube assembly.
Further preferably, a sealed cavity is formed between the first fixed cylinder and the concave reflecting mirror, so that cooling water flows.
More preferably, the second fixing cylinder is in the form of a spoke support, and an internal pipeline of the spoke support penetrates through the spoke support to form a flow passage for cooling water, high-pressure gas and spraying powder.
Preferably, the concave reflector is concentric with the first fixed cylinder through conical surface centering, the conical reflector is concentric with the second fixed cylinder through a connecting pin, and the first fixed cylinder is concentric with the second fixed cylinder through fine thread connection.
Preferably, the Laval tube assembly includes a Laval convergent-divergent tube and a Laval straight tube, which are fixedly connected, and the Laval convergent-divergent tube is connected to the second fixed cylinder by a tube screw.
Preferably, a connecting plate is arranged between the sleeve and the concave reflector, the sleeve is fixed by an adjusting ring nested in the connecting plate, and three adjusting screws are uniformly arranged on the adjusting ring.
As a further preference, a protective lens is arranged between the Laval tube assembly and the second stationary cylinder.
As a further preference, the Laval tube assembly is provided with a conical protective cover around it.
Generally, compared with the prior art, the above technical solution conceived by the present invention mainly has the following technical advantages:
1. the invention enables the parallel light beams to be reflected twice through the arrangement of the reflecting mirror to obtain the contracted annular light beams, simultaneously high-pressure gas and powder are input into the center of the spray head from the spray head and are sprayed out at an accelerated speed to be converged with the annular light beams at the outlet of the spray head device, so that the high-speed powder is heated by the light beams, thereby realizing the preparation process of the laser composite coating based on high-speed dynamic spraying, solving the preparation problem of the special coating of high-melting-point and high-hardness materials, and simultaneously further improving the material increase manufacturing rate of the refractory materials.
2. The powder-gas two-phase flow sprayed out by the Laval pipe assembly is converged with the annular laser modulated by the mirror group at the outlet, further heating of the powder is realized in the distance before reaching the spraying surface, further heating of the base material is realized in the spraying area, certain softening effect is realized on the powder and the base, the initial temperature of the gas required by particle deposition and the initial temperature of the base are reduced, and the requirement on spraying equipment can be further reduced.
3. The two fixed cylinders are respectively provided with an internal cavity or a cooling water flow passage, so that the lens group can be cooled in the processing process, and the over-high temperature of the lens group is prevented.
4. According to the invention, the three adjusting screws arranged on the connecting piece can realize position adjustment of the sleeve in the horizontal direction, so that the centering of the light beam can be adjusted under the condition of insufficient manufacturing and mounting precision.
5. In order to prevent the powder ejected at high speed from rebounding back to the inner cavity to damage the lens group and reduce the reflectivity, the invention adopts the protective lens and the protective cover to prevent the powder from entering the light path adjusting cavity.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a coaxial laser composite cold spray nozzle device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a Laval convergent-divergent tube structure of a coaxial laser composite cold spray nozzle device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a second fixed cylinder of the coaxial laser composite cold spray nozzle device according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of a laser beam propagation path of the coaxial laser composite cold spray nozzle device according to the embodiment of the invention.
The same reference numbers will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or like elements or structures, wherein: 1. 3-adjusting ring, 2-lantern ring, 4-adjusting ring, 5-connecting plate, 6-concave reflector, 7-first fixed cylinder, 8-second fixed cylinder, 9-conical reflector, 10-protective lens, 11-Laval convergent-divergent tube, 12-Laval straight tube, 13-protective cover, 14-beam collimating mirror.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a coaxial laser composite cold spray nozzle device, as shown in fig. 1, including a beam collimator 14, a sleeve, a fixed barrel assembly, a reflector assembly, and a Laval tube assembly, wherein:
the beam collimating mirror 14, the sleeve, the fixed cylinder assembly and the Laval pipe assembly are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; the fixed cylinder assembly comprises a first fixed cylinder 7 and a second fixed cylinder 8 which are fixedly connected; the reflector assembly comprises a concave reflector 6 and a conical reflector 9 which are coaxially arranged, the concave reflector 6 is arranged in the first fixed cylinder 7 and fixed at the lower end of the sleeve, and the conical reflector 9 is arranged at the upper end of the second fixed cylinder 8; specifically, the fixed cylinder assembly is used for centering, positioning and fixing the whole spray head device, the concave reflector 6 and the first fixed cylinder 7 are concentric through a conical surface centering design, the conical surface reflector 9 and the second fixed cylinder 8 are concentric through a connecting pin, and the first fixed cylinder 7 and the second fixed cylinder 8 are concentric through fine thread connection;
the Laval pipe assembly is installed at the lower end of the second fixed cylinder 8 and is used for spraying powder through high-pressure gas; specifically, the Laval tube assembly comprises a Laval zoom tube 11 and a Laval straight tube 12 which are fixedly connected, as shown in fig. 2, the Laval zoom tube 11 is connected with the second fixed cylinder 8 through a tube thread, and the Laval zoom tube 11 for zooming and accelerating can be conveniently replaced according to different spraying conditions.
Preferably, a closed cavity is formed between the first fixed cylinder 7 and the concave reflecting mirror 6 so as to allow cooling water to flow; as shown in fig. 3, the second fixed cylinder 8 is designed in the form of a spoke support, and through pipes are designed inside the spokes, and are staggered in the height direction, so that flow passages for cooling water, high-pressure gas and spraying powder are formed, and are combined and flow out at a proper position in the center.
Preferably, a connecting plate 5 is arranged between the sleeve and the concave reflector 6, the sleeve is fixed through an adjusting ring 4 nested in the connecting plate 5, and three adjusting screws are uniformly arranged on the adjusting ring 4, so that the position of the sleeve in the horizontal direction can be adjusted; specifically, the upper end of the sleeve is fixed with the beam collimating mirror 14 through the adjusting ring 1, and the lower end of the sleeve is fixed with the adjusting ring 4 through the matching of the lantern ring 2 and the adjusting ring 3.
Preferably, a protective lens 10 is arranged between the Laval tube assembly and the second fixed cylinder 8, and a conical protective cover 13 is arranged around the Laval tube assembly.
Before the spraying process begins, the optical fiber output by the laser is connected to the upper part of the beam collimating mirror 14 through the QBH head, and pipelines for inputting and outputting cooling water, inputting high-pressure gas and inputting powder are respectively connected into corresponding interfaces on the fixed cylinder assembly; and opening a laser debugging light, adjusting an adjusting screw on the fixed cylinder assembly to enable the light spot to be concentrically aligned with the nozzle opening, adjusting the distance between the substrate and the nozzle outlet, and writing the distance into an initial coordinate of a clamping machine tool or a robot.
The specific working process is as follows:
(1) propagation path of laser beam: as shown in fig. 4, the collimated vertical parallel light beam is modulated into a horizontal light beam which is diverged to the periphery by a 45-degree conical reflector 9, and then is reflected by a concave reflector 6 with a rotary parabolic section and focused on the focus of the parabola to form an annular light beam, and the annular light beam is converged with the powder-gas mixed two-phase flow from top to bottom;
(2) the flow process of the cooling water: a cooling water inlet is connected with a low-temperature water outlet of a water cooler for an external laser, and a closed cavity is formed between the first fixed cylinder 7 and the concave reflecting mirror 6 for cooling water to flow so as to cool the concave reflecting mirror 6; the reflector fixing cylinder 8 is designed in a spoke support form, through pipelines are designed in the spoke and staggered in the height direction, so that a cooling water flow passage is formed, the cooling water flow passage is converged and flows out at a proper central position, the conical reflector 9 is cooled, and the cooling water is converged at an outlet and is connected to a high-temperature water inlet of a laser water cooler;
(3) the flow process of high-pressure powder and gas: high-pressure powder and air flow are main working media, high-pressure working gas (helium, nitrogen or compressed air) sequentially passes through a cold spraying controller and a gas heater and then is input into a high-pressure gas input port arranged on the second fixed cylinder 8, and enters a central area through one of the spoke supports; high-pressure spraying powder is input into a high-pressure powder input port arranged on the second fixed cylinder 8 after passing through the powder feeder and the controller thereof, enters the central area through the other spoke support, is converged with high-pressure gas, and is output through the convergent-divergent Laval pipe and the subsequent straight pipe section to form high-temperature and high-pressure powder-gas two-phase flow.
The output powder-gas mixed flow and laser are converged in the head area of the spray head, further heating of the powder by the annular laser is realized in the distance before reaching the spraying surface, further heating of the base material is realized in the spraying area, certain softening effect is realized on the powder and the base, the initial temperature of gas required by particle deposition and the initial temperature of the base are reduced, and the requirement on spraying equipment is further reduced; the distance between the spray head and the substrate (spraying distance) is adjusted, and simultaneously the relative positions (positive and negative defocusing) of the light spot and the spraying area and other spraying parameters can be controlled.
According to the working process, laser, cooling water, high-pressure gas, working powder and the like cooperatively act in the spray head device, so that the laser composite surface strengthening process based on cold gas dynamic spraying is realized, and the effective deposition of high-hardness and high-melting-point ceramic or high-temperature alloy materials in a non-melting state is realized.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a compound cold spraying shower nozzle device of coaxial laser which characterized in that, includes beam collimating mirror (14), sleeve, fixed section of thick bamboo subassembly, reflector assembly, Laval pipe subassembly, wherein:
the beam collimating mirror (14), the sleeve, the fixed cylinder assembly and the Laval pipe assembly are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and the fixed cylinder assembly comprises a first fixed cylinder (7) and a second fixed cylinder (8) which are fixedly connected; the reflector assembly comprises a concave reflector (6) and a conical reflector (9) which are coaxially arranged, the concave reflector (6) is installed in the first fixed cylinder (7) and fixed at the lower end of the sleeve, and the conical reflector (9) is installed at the upper end of the second fixed cylinder (8); the Laval pipe assembly is installed at the lower end of the second fixed cylinder (8) and is used for spraying powder through high-pressure gas;
when the device works, vertical parallel light beams collimated by the light beam collimating mirror (14) reach the conical reflector (9) through the sleeve, are modulated into horizontal light beams which are scattered to the periphery by the conical reflector (9), and are reflected by the concave reflector (6) with the rotary parabolic section, the horizontal light beams are focused on the parabolic focus to form annular light beams, and the annular light beams heat spraying powder sprayed by the Laval tube assembly and base materials.
2. The coaxial laser composite cold spray nozzle device according to claim 1, wherein a closed cavity is formed between the first fixed cylinder (7) and the concave reflector (6) for cooling water to flow.
3. The coaxial laser composite cold spray nozzle device according to claim 1, wherein the second fixed cylinder (8) is in the form of a spoke support, and the inner pipeline of the spoke support is communicated with the spoke support so as to form a flow passage for cooling water, high-pressure gas and spray powder.
4. The coaxial laser composite cold spray nozzle device according to claim 1, wherein the concentricity of the concave reflector (6) and the first fixed cylinder (7) is ensured by conical centering, the concentricity of the conical reflector (9) and the second fixed cylinder (8) is ensured by a connecting pin, and the concentricity of the first fixed cylinder (7) and the second fixed cylinder (8) is ensured by fine-pitch threaded connection.
5. The coaxial laser composite cold spray nozzle device according to claim 1, wherein the Laval tube assembly comprises a Laval convergent-divergent tube (11) and a Laval straight tube (12) fixedly connected, and the Laval convergent-divergent tube (11) is connected with the second fixed cylinder (8) by a tube thread.
6. The coaxial laser composite cold spray nozzle device according to claim 1, wherein a connecting plate (5) is arranged between the sleeve and the concave reflector (6), the sleeve is fixed by an adjusting ring (4) nested in the connecting plate (5), and three adjusting screws are uniformly arranged on the adjusting ring (4).
7. The coaxial laser composite cold spray nozzle device according to claim 1, wherein a protective lens (10) is disposed between the Laval tube assembly and the second stationary cylinder (8).
8. The coaxial laser composite cold spray nozzle device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a conical protective cover (13) is provided around the Laval tube assembly.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011067458.0A CN114377872B (en) | 2020-10-06 | 2020-10-06 | Coaxial laser composite cold spraying nozzle device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011067458.0A CN114377872B (en) | 2020-10-06 | 2020-10-06 | Coaxial laser composite cold spraying nozzle device |
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| CN114377872A true CN114377872A (en) | 2022-04-22 |
| CN114377872B CN114377872B (en) | 2023-06-16 |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE8801733D0 (en) * | 1988-05-06 | 1988-05-06 | Ibm Svenska Ab | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PROVIDING AN IMPACT RESISTANT SURFACE ON A METAL SUBSTRATE |
| CN109852967A (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2019-06-07 | 中国人民解放军军事科学院国防科技创新研究院 | Pencil stream Laser Melting Deposition increasing material manufacturing method and its laser Machining head that uses |
| CN109989060A (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2019-07-09 | 中国人民解放军军事科学院国防科技创新研究院 | A kind of coaxial powder-feeding high-rate laser spray equipment |
| CN110039178A (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2019-07-23 | 深圳市慧之光激光器件有限公司 | A kind of laser welding head |
| CN210683947U (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2020-06-05 | 武汉武钢华工激光大型装备有限公司 | Variable facula's galvanometer scanning formula laser cladding processing head device |
-
2020
- 2020-10-06 CN CN202011067458.0A patent/CN114377872B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE8801733D0 (en) * | 1988-05-06 | 1988-05-06 | Ibm Svenska Ab | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PROVIDING AN IMPACT RESISTANT SURFACE ON A METAL SUBSTRATE |
| CN110039178A (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2019-07-23 | 深圳市慧之光激光器件有限公司 | A kind of laser welding head |
| CN109852967A (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2019-06-07 | 中国人民解放军军事科学院国防科技创新研究院 | Pencil stream Laser Melting Deposition increasing material manufacturing method and its laser Machining head that uses |
| CN109989060A (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2019-07-09 | 中国人民解放军军事科学院国防科技创新研究院 | A kind of coaxial powder-feeding high-rate laser spray equipment |
| CN210683947U (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2020-06-05 | 武汉武钢华工激光大型装备有限公司 | Variable facula's galvanometer scanning formula laser cladding processing head device |
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