Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects that the irreversible electroporation ablation needle in the prior art is complex in arrangement mode and difficult to realize the comprehensive coverage of the region to be ablated in the using process.
To this end, the present invention provides an irreversible electroporation ablation needle comprising: the first needle is provided with a first needle head, and the first needle is suitable for being connected with a first electrode; the second needle is provided with a second needle head, the second needle is wound on the outer side of the first needle, at least one part of the second needle is arranged in a bent shape, the second needle is suitable for being connected with a second electrode, and the first electrode and the second electrode have opposite polarities and are suitable for being connected with an alternating current power supply; the first needle and the second needle are made of conductive materials, and are arranged in a hollow shape; the medicine adding part is connected with the first needle and/or the second needle, and a medicine cavity used for storing medicines is formed in the medicine adding part.
The invention provides an irreversible electroporation ablation needle, which further comprises: and the auxiliary heating needles are arranged on the outer side of the first needle and are in contact with the first needle.
The irreversible electroporation ablation needle provided by the invention is characterized in that a plurality of auxiliary heating needles are annularly arranged on the outer side of the first needle.
According to the irreversible electroporation ablation needle provided by the invention, the heat conductivity coefficient of the auxiliary heating needle is greater than that of the first needle.
The irreversible electroporation ablation needle provided by the invention is characterized in that the first needle is provided with a plurality of layers along the radial direction of the first needle, wherein at least one layer is a magnetic conduction layer, and the magnetic permeability of the magnetic conduction layer is more than or equal to 18000H/m.
The irreversible electroporation ablation needle provided by the invention is outward along the radial direction, and the first needle comprises a magnetic conduction layer, an elastic layer and a rigid layer which are nested with each other.
The invention provides an irreversible electroporation ablation needle, which further comprises: a magnet disposed at least a portion of the second needle.
Furthermore, the magnet is arranged in the second needle, and the invention also comprises a reversing device matched with the magnet, which is respectively connected with the first electrode and the second electrode and is suitable for being connected with a power supply.
The irreversible electroporation ablation needle provided by the invention is characterized in that a plurality of magnets are arranged close to the end part of the first needle.
The irreversible electroporation ablation needle provided by the invention is characterized in that the second needle is spirally arranged, and the magnet is arranged at the inflection point of the second needle.
The irreversible electroporation ablation needle provided by the invention has the advantages that the corresponding ends of the first needle and the second needle are respectively connected with the handle, and the handles are suitable for being connected with an alternating current power supply.
The invention also provides a needle channel ablation device, which comprises: the invention provides an irreversible electroporation ablation needle; a temperature sensor acting at the first needle position; and the temperature acquisition module is used for acquiring the temperature signal detected by the temperature sensor.
The invention also provides an ablation device which comprises the ablation electrode needle or needle track ablation device provided by the invention.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention provides an irreversible electroporation ablation needle, which comprises: the first needle is provided with a first needle head, and a first electrode is connected to the first needle; the second needle is provided with a second needle head, the second needle is wound on the outer side of the first needle, at least one part of the second needle is arranged in a bent shape, the second needle is connected with a second electrode, and the first electrode and the second electrode have opposite polarities and are suitable for being connected with an alternating current power supply; the first needle and the second needle are made of conductive materials, and are arranged in a hollow shape; the medicine adding part is connected with the first needle and/or the second needle, and a medicine cavity used for storing medicines is formed in the medicine adding part.
In the invention, when a loop is formed between the first needle and the second needle, at least one part of the second needle is arranged in a bent shape, so that a magnetic field can be generated in the second needle after current flows through the second needle according to the law of electromagnetic induction. The formed magnetic field can affect the ion transport capacity of the tumor cell membrane, can cause programmed cell death, and can destroy the tumor. Based on the apoptosis mechanism, tumor cells undergo continuous apoptosis in organisms, resulting in cell changes and finally cell death. In the present invention, apoptosis is not a passive process, but an active process. In order to maintain homeostasis, cells under the control of genes die out of order by themselves. Typically, when a cell detects an aged or defective cell, it will deliver a chemical that causes the cell to self-rupture, resulting in cell death. The irreversible electroporation ablation needle provided by the invention can be used for causing cancer cells to die under the action of a strong magnetic field.
By the irreversible electroporation ablation needle, the effect of the magnetic field on the tumor ablation waiting area is realized, and the tumor ablation effect can be effectively realized without additionally adopting methods such as finite element simulation and the like to perform simulation operation on the tumor ablation waiting area.
2. The invention provides an irreversible electroporation ablation needle, which further comprises: and the auxiliary heating needles are arranged on the outer side of the first needle and are in contact with the first needle.
At present, blood stopping in puncture surgery mainly adopts compression hemostasis, and the defects are that external blood stops, but whether blood in an internal needle channel stops or not is a troublesome problem for medical care personnel; secondly, the problem of tumor cell diffusion is prevented, and the tumor can be brought out along the needle channel when the needle is withdrawn, so that the tumor cell diffusion is caused.
According to the invention, when the second needle is electrified, a magnetic field is formed, and the first needle positioned in the magnetic field and the auxiliary heating needle positioned outside the first needle can induce current under the action of the magnetic field through the electromagnetic induction law, so that the current further forms heat, the auxiliary heating needle is heated firstly, and then the auxiliary heating needle further heats the first needle. Through the arrangement mode, a high-temperature environment can be formed at the position of the wound of the tumor, so that tumor cells and the like are killed, and the problems of tumor planting and the like are effectively avoided.
3. The invention provides an irreversible electroporation ablation needle, which further comprises: a magnet disposed at least at a portion of the second needle.
In the invention, after the second needle is electrified, a magnetic field is formed in the second needle, and at the moment, a positive electrode and a negative electrode are correspondingly formed in the second needle. Further, a magnet is arranged on at least one part of the second needle, the magnet has certain polarity, and the magnet can act with the magnetic field after the magnetic field is formed, so that the second needle is further driven to stretch or contract.
The above scheme as a whole can control the size of the action area of the second needle inside the tumor by adjusting the current or the polarity of the magnet after being applied inside the tumor, thereby accurately adjusting the treatment area according to the sizes of different tumors.
4. The magnet is arranged in the second needle, and the reversing device is respectively connected with the first electrode and the second electrode and is suitable for being connected with a power supply.
Through setting up the switching-over equipment, can adjust the flow direction that enters into the inside electric current of second needle, can further control the inside magnetic field direction that forms of second needle through adjusting the electric current flow direction, because the polarity of magnet self is fixed, after the inside electric current flow direction that flows through of second needle changes, the direction of the power between its and the second needle also can change, second needle self also can contract again this moment and become the expansion, perhaps there is the expansion to become the contraction, thereby the size accuracy adjustment treatment area according to the tumour.
5. The irreversible electroporation ablation needle provided by the invention is characterized in that the second needle is spirally arranged, and the magnet is arranged at the inflection point of the second needle. Can accept magnet self effectively in the inflection point position to improve the fixed effect to magnet self, avoid the magnet to take place to slide in second needle is inside, influence final removal effect.
6. The invention provides a needle track ablation device, which comprises: the invention provides an irreversible electroporation ablation needle; a temperature sensor acting at the first needle position; and the temperature acquisition module is used for acquiring the temperature signal detected by the temperature sensor.
Can form magnetic field when the second needle after accomplishing the circular telegram, through the electromagnetic induction law, the first needle that is arranged in magnetic field can respond to the play electric current under the effect in magnetic field, and the electric current further forms the heat, heats the auxiliary heating needle, rises to after the certain degree when the temperature, can realize the purpose that the needle was said and is melted. Simultaneously, through the combination of temperature sensor and temperature acquisition module, can carry out real-time supervision to the intensification condition of first needle self, avoid the high or too low harmful effects who brings of temperature.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Example 1
This embodiment provides an irreversible electroporation ablation needle, which can be rotatably inserted into a soft tumor for treating liver tumor, pancreatic tumor, etc. As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the irreversible electroporation ablation needle includes:
a first needle 1, on which a first needle head 11 is arranged, the first needle 1 being adapted to be connected to a first electrode;
specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the first needle extends along the horizontal direction, and the first needle is disposed in a sharp shape and can pierce the tissue during the treatment.
Further, the shape of the first needle is not limited, and optionally, the first needle is linearly arranged, and in this embodiment, the length of the first needle is 40 centimeters.
A second needle 2, on which a second needle head 21 is arranged, the second needle is wound around the outer side of the first needle, at least one part of the second needle is arranged in a bending shape, the second needle is connected with a second electrode, the polarity of the first electrode is opposite to that of the second electrode, and the first electrode and the second electrode are suitable for being connected with an alternating current power supply;
specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the second needle 2 is wound around the outside of the first needle, and the second needle is disposed in a sharp shape to facilitate puncturing tissue.
In this embodiment, the first needle and the second needle may be disposed in a solid shape; as a variant, at least one of the first and second needles is arranged in a hollow shape to enable a dosing operation during the treatment.
Further, the second needle 2 itself is at least partially arranged in a curved shape, which may be arranged in a partial area in a curved shape. In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the entire needle may be spirally disposed at an outer position of the first needle.
In this embodiment, a loop is formed between the first needle and the second needle. In order to realize the functions, one of the first needle and the second needle is connected with a positive pole of a power supply, and the other needle is connected with a negative pole of the power supply. Preferably, the first needle is connected to a negative electrode of a power supply, and the second needle is connected to a positive electrode of the power supply. Since tissue fluid is present inside the tissue such as a tumor, a circuit can be formed although a gap is present between the first needle and the second needle.
In this embodiment, in order to realize the power supply operation, as shown in fig. 1, a first lead wire 6 is connected to the first pin, and a second lead wire 7 is connected to the second pin. By providing the first wire and the second wire, the ease of connection with the power supply can be improved.
Further, the first pin and the second pin are made of conductive materials, for example, materials with good conductivity such as stainless steel, copper and silver are adopted. Meanwhile, in the embodiment, the power supply adopts an alternating current power supply and a high-voltage power supply. By adopting high-voltage alternating current, the electric field intensity in the area where the first needle and the second needle are located can reach 500V/cm to 30000V/cm.
When forming the return circuit between first needle and the second needle, because at least a part of second needle can be the bending form setting, can know by the electromagnetic induction law, can produce magnetic field in second needle inside behind the second needle when the electric current flows through the second needle. As shown in fig. 1, the second needle is connected to the positive power supply electrode, the first needle is connected to the negative power supply electrode, and as can be seen from the "right-hand rule", the N pole is formed in the right region of the second needle, the S pole is formed in the left region of the second needle, and the magnetic field space from right to left is formed inside the second needle.
In this embodiment, the formed magnetic field will affect the ion transport capacity of the tumor cell membrane, which may cause programmed cell death, thereby realizing the destruction of the tumor. Based on the apoptosis mechanism, tumor cells undergo continuous apoptosis in organisms, resulting in cell changes and finally cell death. Apoptosis is not a passive process, but an active process. In order to maintain homeostasis, the cells controlled by the gene die in an orderly manner autonomously. Typically, when a cell detects an aged or defective cell, it will deliver a chemical that causes the cell to self-rupture, resulting in cell death.
Through the irreversible electroporation ablation needle provided by the embodiment, cancer cells die under the action of a strong magnetic field, so that the operation of arranging a plurality of irreversible electroporation ablation needles after fussy simulation is not needed again, and the treatment efficiency is effectively improved.
In this embodiment, the first needle and the second needle are arranged in a hollow shape; the medicine adding part is connected with the first needle and/or the second needle 2, and a medicine cavity for storing medicines is formed in the medicine adding part.
Specifically, the medicine that is used for placing diseases such as carrying on tumour in adding medicine portion, add medicine portion can directly link to each other with first needle, also can directly link to each other with the second needle, can also connect first needle and second needle simultaneously. Through the connection action, the medicine can be directly conveyed to the affected part through the first needle and the second needle, and the effect of auxiliary treatment is achieved. Meanwhile, the structure of the medicine adding part is not limited as long as the operation of putting and storing the medicine can be realized.
In this embodiment, the method further includes: and the auxiliary heating needles 3 are arranged on the outer side of the first needle and are in contact with the first needle.
Specifically, can form magnetic field when the second needle is accomplishing the circular telegram after, through the electromagnetic induction law, when the second needle flows through the high frequency current of reversal, can produce closed magnetic line of force along the direction of radius of second needle, the theory of operation of similar electromagnetism stove, can produce alternating magnetic field under high frequency alternating current's effect, the first needle that is arranged in the magnetic field and the supplementary heating needle 3 that is arranged in first needle outside can be out of the electric current of induction under the effect in magnetic field, the electric current further forms the heat, at first heat supplementary heating needle 3, then supplementary heating needle 3 further heats first needle.
Further, the number and arrangement of the auxiliary irreversible electroporation ablation needles are not limited as long as induced heating and heat transfer can be realized. Preferably, a plurality of the auxiliary heating needles 3 are annularly arranged on the outer side of the first needle, so that the heating efficiency of the first needle is effectively improved.
Further, the auxiliary heating pin 3 has a thermal conductivity greater than that of the first pin. In this embodiment, the auxiliary heating needle 3 and the first needle are made of a metal material. The following combinations may be employed: the auxiliary heating needle 3 can be made of copper, and the first needle is made of stainless steel.
The embodiment can form a high-temperature environment at the position of the wound of the tumor by the arrangement mode, thereby killing tumor cells and the like, and effectively avoiding the problems of tumor planting and the like.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, the first needle is provided with a plurality of layers along the radial direction of the first needle, at least one of the layers is a magnetic conduction layer 1a, and the magnetic permeability of the magnetic conduction layer 1a is greater than or equal to 18000H/m.
Specifically, the magnetic conduction layer 1a is made of manganese-zinc ferrite, and has the advantages of large magnetic conductivity and capability of inducing a larger magnetic field after the second needle is electrified.
Further, as shown in fig. 7, outward in the radial direction, the first needle includes a magnetically permeable layer 1a, an elastic layer 1b, and a rigid layer 1c nested with each other. Specifically, the magnetic conduction layer 1a is arranged on the innermost layer, the rigid layer 1c is arranged on the outermost layer, and a first needle is formed in a layer-by-layer coating mode.
The elastic layer 1b can increase the elasticity of the first needle, so that the needle is not easy to shape after being bent, and the needle can rebound quickly to be original. Specifically, the elastic layer 1b is a nickel titanium alloy layer, and the preferred thickness thereof is 0.1 mm;
the rigid layer 1c itself is a chrome layer, preferably 0.1mm thick, which has the benefit of increasing the smoothness of the outer surface of the needle, making it easier for the needle to penetrate into the tissue, while the chrome layer increases the hardness of the outer surface of the needle, which in this embodiment has a hardness value of HV 600.
Further, this embodiment further includes: a magnet 4 disposed at least at a portion of the second needle.
As shown in fig. 1, 5 and 6, when the second needle is energized, a magnetic field is formed inside the second needle, and at this time, a positive electrode and a negative electrode are correspondingly formed inside the second needle. At the moment, the magnet 4 is arranged on at least one part of the second needle, the magnet 4 has certain polarity, and the magnet 4 can act with the magnetic field after the magnetic field is formed, so that the second needle is further driven to stretch or contract. The shape of the second needle is dynamically adjusted by utilizing the principle that like poles of the induced magnetic field and the magnet repel each other and opposite poles attract each other.
Explained in conjunction with fig. 5 and 6, in fig. 5 and 6, the magnet 4 having the polarity of S is used.
In fig. 5, the second needle is connected with the positive pole of the power supply, and at this time, an N pole is formed below the second needle, and an S pole is formed above the second needle, and the N pole located below and the magnet 4 of the S pole attract each other, and at this time, as shown by an arrow, the second needle contracts downward;
in fig. 6, the second needle is connected with a negative pole of a power supply, an S pole is formed below the second needle at this time, an N pole is formed above the second needle, the S pole positioned below and the magnet 4 of the S pole repel each other, and at this time, as shown by an arrow, the second needle is pulled upwards;
through the scheme, the strength of the magnetic field is adjusted by adjusting the voltage value, so that the size of the action area of the second needle in the tumor can be controlled, and the treatment area can be accurately adjusted according to the sizes of different tumors. Therefore, when the focal tissue is ablated, a doctor can control the ablation area of the spiral needle rod through the electrified voltage, and the treatment position is optimized through the scheme, so that the needle rod is finely attached to the focal tissue and conforms to the size of the focal.
In this embodiment, in order to realize the stretching and contracting operation of the second needle, the following embodiments may be adopted:
as a first embodiment, when the polarity of the power source connected to the first and second needles is not changed, the direction in which the magnet 4 is stressed can be adjusted by manually adjusting the magnet 4. For example, when the polarity of the magnet 4 is N, the second needle is in a contracted state, and when the polarity of the magnet 4 is changed to S, the second needle is changed to a stretched state under the condition that the current direction is inconvenient;
as a second embodiment, the stretched or contracted state of the second needle can be adjusted by changing the direction of the current. Correspondingly, the embodiment also comprises a reversing device which is respectively connected with the first electrode and the second electrode and is suitable for being connected with a power supply;
through foretell mode of setting up, can stabilize the magnetic pole inside the second needle, through the power polarity that adjustment first needle and second needle are connected, alright the flow direction of adjustment current to adjust the magnetic field direction of the inside formation of second needle, and then adjust the shape of second needle.
In the present embodiment, the number and the positions of the magnets 4 are not limited: as for the setting position, it may be provided at an end position of the second needle, or may be provided at a middle position, it may be provided at a partial region, or may be provided at a plurality of intervals over the entire length region of the second needle. Preferably, in this embodiment, the second needle is spirally disposed, and the magnet 4 is disposed at an inflection point a of the second needle.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, since the second needle is spirally disposed, the inflection point a is disposed at a position where the direction of the second needle is changed.
Further, in this embodiment, the first needle and the second needle are respectively connected to a handle 5 at their corresponding ends, and the handle 5 is adapted to be connected to an ac power source. Can improve the effect of restrainting of receipts to first needle and second needle through setting up handle 5 to improve the stability of first needle and second needle, and then effectively improve the job stabilization nature of irreversible electroporation ablation needle self.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the first needle is a straight needle, and the second needle is spirally disposed. The formula of the magnetic field induced by the second needle is as follows:
where n is the number of turns of the second needle,
the magnetic permeability of the first needle, D the diameter of the second needle, and I the value of the current flowing in the second needle.
The general working process of the irreversible electroporation ablation needle provided by the embodiment is as follows:
the first needle and the second needle enter a part to be ablated in a rotating mode, the first needle and the second needle are electrified, and the current type is high-voltage alternating current. And adjusting the voltage of the high-voltage alternating current to control the extension length of the second needle inside the part to be ablated so as to adjust the working area.
Example 2
The present embodiments provide a needle track ablation device comprising:
the irreversible electroporation ablation needle provided in example 1;
a temperature sensor acting at the first needle position;
the setting position of the temperature sensor is not limited, and the temperature sensor can be arranged on the second needle in a clamping, welding and other modes, so that the temperature of the first needle can be monitored in real time;
and the temperature acquisition module is used for acquiring the temperature signal detected by the temperature sensor.
When the temperature is too low, the current flowing through the irreversible electroporation ablation needle can be controlled to be increased so as to increase the heat productivity of the first needle in the irreversible electroporation ablation needle; when the temperature is too high, the current flowing through the irreversible electroporation ablation needle can be reduced, so that the damage to other tissues caused by the too high temperature can be avoided.
The needle track ablation device that this embodiment provided at first can realize the action of melting to the tumour, secondly, can form magnetic field when the second needle after accomplishing the circular telegram, through the electromagnetic induction law, the first needle that is arranged in magnetic field can respond to the play electric current under the effect in magnetic field, and the electric current further forms the heat, heats the auxiliary heating needle, after the temperature rises to certain degree, can realize the purpose that the needle track melts. Simultaneously, through the combination of temperature sensor and temperature acquisition module, can carry out real-time supervision to the intensification condition of first needle self, avoid the high or low harmful effects who brings of temperature excessively.
Example 3
The present embodiment provides an ablation device including the ablation electrode needle provided in embodiment 1 or the needle track ablation device provided in embodiment 2.
The ablation device provided by the embodiment can comprise a power supply device, wherein the power supply device is connected with an external commercial power, and the commercial power can be converted into high-voltage power through the power supply device and further transmitted to the position of the irreversible electroporation ablation needle.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.