CN114374086A - Broadband dual-polarized base station antenna based on stepped impedance resonator - Google Patents
Broadband dual-polarized base station antenna based on stepped impedance resonator Download PDFInfo
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- CN114374086A CN114374086A CN202111564613.4A CN202111564613A CN114374086A CN 114374086 A CN114374086 A CN 114374086A CN 202111564613 A CN202111564613 A CN 202111564613A CN 114374086 A CN114374086 A CN 114374086A
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- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005388 cross polarization Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 claims 9
- 238000010295 mobile communication Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
- H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0013—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices working as frequency-selective reflecting surfaces, e.g. FSS, dichroic plates, surfaces being partly transmissive and reflective
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
- H01Q19/104—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces using a substantially flat reflector for deflecting the radiated beam, e.g. periscopic antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
Abstract
The invention discloses a broadband dual-polarized base station antenna based on a stepped impedance resonator, which comprises an antenna reflecting plate at the lower layer and an antenna radiating body at the upper layer; printing two orthogonal driving crossed symmetrical arrays on the lower layer of a dielectric plate of an antenna radiator, wherein the two orthogonal driving crossed symmetrical arrays respectively correspond to two orthogonal polarized radiations; the intersection point of the two driving cross symmetrical arrays is positioned in the center of the lower layer of the dielectric slab, and four stepped impedance resonators are printed on the upper layer; the four stepped impedance resonators are respectively positioned in four quadrants divided by the two driving cross symmetrical arrays; the four stepped impedance resonators each include a high impedance line and a low impedance line, and a slit is left at the end. The antenna disclosed by the invention is composed of two key components, namely two driving cross symmetrical arrays positioned in the center and four stepped impedance resonators at the periphery, and is simple and compact in structure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of dual-polarized base station communication antennas, and particularly relates to a broadband dual-polarized base station antenna based on a stepped impedance resonator in the field.
Background
With the development of modern communication technology, mobile communication networks are gradually evolving from traditional 2G/3G/4G to today's 5G wireless mobile communication. However, the 5G mobile communication network still needs to be downward compatible with the conventional 2G/3G/4G mobile communication network, and thus the current situation arises in which the 2G/3G/4G mobile communication network and the 5G mobile communication network coexist. The base station antenna suitable for the 2G/3G/4G mobile communication network needs to work at two frequency bandwidths of 0.69-0.96 GHz and 1.71-2.69 GHz, and the base station antenna suitable for the 5G mobile communication network needs to work at two frequency bandwidths of 3.3-3.6 GHz and 4.8-5.0 GHz. Due to the base station antenna operating in 2G/3G/4G mobile communication, the generated higher harmonics are just within the bandwidth of the 5G communication network, and the generated harmonic parasitic radiation can generate strong interference on the existing 5G communication network. The base station antenna operating in 2G/3G/4G mobile communication will also receive harmonic interference signals from the 5G mobile communication antenna.
In order to enable the base station communication antenna to better receive useful signals and suppress useless interference clutter signals, the dual-polarized base station antenna integrated with the anti-interference function is widely welcomed. In order to realize a dual-polarized antenna with anti-interference characteristics, a filter circuit or a cascade coupling filter resonance unit can be connected in series at the feed end of the antenna, but such a design brings extra insertion loss and increases the manufacturing cost of the device. In addition, an additional parasitic radiation unit and a slot structure related to corrosion can be added near the antenna radiation unit, so that an additional radiation gain zero point is introduced outside the working bandwidth of the antenna, and the anti-interference characteristic of the radiation space of the antenna is realized. However, adding parasitic radiating elements generally increases the area of the antenna radiator, resulting in an oversized antenna radiator. Or the laminated structure of the antenna radiator is increased, thereby increasing the sectional size and structural design complexity of the antenna radiator. In addition, the introduction of an etched-slotted structure typically affects the radiation pattern of the antenna, thereby causing antenna radiation gain and pattern lobe width instability.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a broadband dual-polarized base station antenna based on a stepped impedance resonator.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the improvement of a broadband dual-polarized base station antenna based on a stepped impedance resonator is that: the antenna comprises an antenna reflecting plate at the lower layer and an antenna radiator at the upper layer; printing two orthogonal driving crossed symmetrical arrays on the lower layer of a dielectric plate of an antenna radiator, wherein the two orthogonal driving crossed symmetrical arrays respectively correspond to two orthogonal polarized radiations; the intersection point of the two driving cross symmetrical arrays is positioned in the center of the lower layer of the dielectric slab, and four stepped impedance resonators are printed on the upper layer; the four stepped impedance resonators are respectively positioned in four quadrants divided by the two driving cross symmetrical arrays; the four stepped impedance resonators comprise high impedance lines and low impedance lines, and gaps are reserved at the tail ends of the four stepped impedance resonators; the bending parts of the high-impedance line and the low-impedance line are provided with slotted gaps; two feeder lines for driving the crossed symmetrical arrays are arranged at the center of the upper layer of the dielectric slab; every two coaxial feed cables form a differential feed pair; the upper end outer conductors of the coaxial feed cables of the two differential feed pairs are directly connected with the driving cross symmetrical array on the lower layer of the dielectric plate respectively, the upper end inner conductors are connected with the feed lines on the upper layer of the dielectric plate, and the lower end outer conductors are connected with the antenna reflection plate to form a short circuit structure.
Furthermore, the antenna radiator is printed by a Rogers RO4003C medium plate.
Furthermore, the size of the antenna reflector and the distance between the antenna reflector are adjusted, so that the antenna obtains a stable radiation pattern; the size of the antenna reflector plate is 140mm multiplied by 140mm, and the distance between the antenna radiator and the antenna reflector plate is 33 mm or 35 mm.
Furthermore, the driving cross symmetrical array and the stepped impedance resonator are in a centrosymmetric structure.
Furthermore, the working bandwidth of the antenna is adjusted by adjusting the length of the driving cross symmetric array or the length of the feeder line thereof, and the radiation gain zero position of the antenna outside the low frequency band is changed; the working bandwidth of the antenna is adjusted by adjusting the length and the width of a high-impedance line and a low-impedance line in the stepped impedance resonator; the radiation gain zero position of the antenna outside the high frequency band is adjusted by adjusting the length and the width of the slotted gap at the bending part of the high impedance line and the low impedance line in the stepped impedance resonator.
Furthermore, the length and width parameters of the driving cross symmetrical array and the stepped impedance resonator are adjusted, so that the antenna can obtain four echo reflection coefficient zeros in a working frequency band.
Furthermore, the high-impedance line is a high-impedance coupling part, the low-impedance line is a low-impedance radiation part, and the high-impedance line is thinner than the low-impedance line; a slotted gap is formed between the thin high impedance line at the center and the wide low impedance line at the outer end.
Further, the lengths of the four coaxial feeder cables are kept consistent.
Furthermore, the working frequency band of the antenna is 1.67-2.91 GHz, and the return loss is more than 15 dB; within the working bandwidth, the echo reflection coefficient is lower than-15 dB; the isolation between different ports of the antenna is larger than 37.5dB, and the gain fluctuation is smaller than 1 dB; in the working frequency band, the cross polarization level of the antenna is lower than-21.6 dB, and the front-to-back ratio of the antenna is greater than 16.4 dB; the half-power lobe width variation range of the antenna in the working frequency band is 59-70 degrees; the in-band radiation gain value of the antenna is 7.3-8.3 dBi; the out-of-band rejection rate of the antenna at a low frequency range of 0.6-1 GHz is more than 33.8dB, and the out-of-band rejection rate of the antenna at a high frequency range of 3.3-5 GHz is more than 20.6 dB.
Furthermore, the antenna is applied to the field of wireless communication, including base station communication, satellite communication and wireless local area network communication; the antenna can be extended to array antenna, and the form of the array antenna comprises linear array and area array.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the antenna disclosed by the invention is composed of two key components, namely two driving cross symmetrical arrays positioned in the center and four stepped impedance resonators at the periphery, and is simple and compact in structure. By means of the exquisite antenna structure design, the antenna has the characteristics of wide working frequency band, high isolation, good frequency selectivity in the working frequency band and high out-of-band rejection degree, has four echo reflection coefficient zeros, and can form an out-of-band radiation zero outside the upper side band and the lower side band respectively. The pattern, gain and lobe width of the antenna radiation are stable.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of an antenna disclosed in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a two-dimensional plane top structure of an antenna radiator disclosed in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic side view of an antenna disclosed in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a graph showing the results of S parameters of the antenna disclosed in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a two-dimensional radiation pattern of the disclosed antenna of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a graph of the gain and half-power lobe width data results for the antenna disclosed in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Two orthogonal driving crossed symmetrical arrays 4 are printed on the lower layer of a dielectric plate of an antenna radiator, are directly driven by a coaxial feed cable 3 and respectively correspond to two orthogonal polarized radiations; the intersection point of the two driving cross symmetrical arrays is positioned in the center of the lower layer of the dielectric slab, and four stepped impedance resonators 5 are printed on the upper layer; the four stepped impedance resonators are respectively positioned in four quadrants divided by the two driving cross symmetrical arrays. The driving cross symmetrical array and the stepped impedance resonator are in a central symmetrical structure, so that the antenna can obtain good far-field radiation characteristics and high isolation characteristics among different polarized radiations.
The four stepped impedance resonators comprise high impedance lines 6 and low impedance lines 7, and gaps 10 are reserved at the tail ends; the bent portions of the high impedance line and the low impedance line include a slotted slit 9. The high-impedance line is a high-impedance coupling part, the low-impedance line is a low-impedance radiation part, and the high-impedance line is thinner than the low-impedance line; a slotted gap 9 is formed between the thin high-impedance line at the center and the wide low-impedance line at the outer end.
The working bandwidth of the antenna is adjusted by adjusting the length of the driving cross symmetrical array or the length of the feeder line thereof, and the radiation gain zero position of the antenna outside the low frequency band is changed; the working bandwidth of the antenna is adjusted by adjusting the length and the width of a high-impedance line and a low-impedance line in the stepped impedance resonator; the length and the width of a slotted gap at the bending part of a high-impedance line and a low-impedance line in the stepped impedance resonator are adjusted to adjust the radiation gain zero position of the antenna outside a high frequency band; the length and width parameters of the driving cross symmetrical array and the stepped impedance resonator are adjusted, so that the antenna has good in-band frequency selectivity in a working frequency band, and four echo reflection coefficient zeros are obtained.
Two feeder lines 8 for driving the crossed symmetrical array are arranged at the center of the upper layer of the dielectric slab, and every two of the four coaxial feed cables 3 form a differential feed pair so as to excite the antenna radiator in a differential pair manner; the outer conductors at the upper ends of the coaxial feed cables of the two differential feed pairs are respectively and directly connected with the driving cross symmetrical array at the lower layer of the dielectric plate; the upper end inner conductor is connected with the feeder line on the upper layer of the dielectric plate, and the lower end outer conductor is connected with the antenna reflecting plate to form a short circuit structure. Different differential feed pairs are excited so that different orthogonally polarized radiation can be obtained. The lengths of the four coaxial feeder cables are kept consistent to ensure strict differential excitation.
As shown in fig. 4, the operating band (impedance bandwidth) of the antenna is 1.67-2.91 GHz. Within the operating frequency band, the antenna echo reflection coefficient has four reflection coefficient nulls. Within the working bandwidth, the echo reflection coefficient is lower than-15 dB; the isolation between different ports of the antenna is greater than 37.5 dB.
As shown in fig. 5, the far-field radiation pattern of the antenna can obtain stable directional radiation in the working frequency band. In the working frequency band, the cross polarization level of the antenna is lower than-21.6 dB, and the front-to-back ratio of the antenna is larger than 16.4 dB.
As shown in fig. 6, the antenna has a stable half power lobe width in the operating band, which varies from 59 to 70 degrees. Meanwhile, the antenna has stable in-band radiation gain, and the gain value of the antenna is 7.3-8.3 dBi. In addition, the radiation gain of the antenna is respectively provided with a gain radiation zero outside the low-frequency band and the high-frequency band, so that the antenna can obtain a good out-of-band rejection degree. The out-of-band rejection rate of the antenna at a low frequency range of 0.6-1 GHz is more than 33.8dB, and the out-of-band rejection rate of the antenna at a high frequency range of 3.3-5 GHz is more than 20.6 dB.
The antenna can be applied to different wireless communication fields such as base station communication, satellite communication, wireless local area network communication and the like, the antenna can be expanded into an array antenna through proper adjustment, and the form of the array antenna comprises but is not limited to a linear array and an area array.
Claims (10)
1. A broadband dual-polarized base station antenna based on a stepped impedance resonator is characterized in that: the antenna comprises an antenna reflecting plate at the lower layer and an antenna radiator at the upper layer; printing two orthogonal driving crossed symmetrical arrays on the lower layer of a dielectric plate of an antenna radiator, wherein the two orthogonal driving crossed symmetrical arrays respectively correspond to two orthogonal polarized radiations; the intersection point of the two driving cross symmetrical arrays is positioned in the center of the lower layer of the dielectric slab; four stepped impedance resonators are printed on the upper layer and are respectively positioned in four quadrants divided by two driving cross symmetrical arrays; the four stepped impedance resonators comprise high impedance lines and low impedance lines, and gaps are reserved at the tail ends of the four stepped impedance resonators; the bending parts of the high-impedance line and the low-impedance line are provided with slotted gaps; two feeder lines for driving the crossed symmetrical arrays are arranged at the center of the upper layer of the dielectric slab; every two coaxial feed cables form a differential feed pair; the upper end outer conductors of the coaxial feed cables of the two differential feed pairs are directly connected with the driving cross symmetrical array on the lower layer of the dielectric plate respectively, the upper end inner conductors are connected with the feed lines on the upper layer of the dielectric plate, and the lower end outer conductors are connected with the antenna reflection plate to form a short circuit structure.
2. A wideband dual polarized base station antenna based on ladder impedance resonators as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the antenna radiator is printed by a Rogers RO4003C medium plate.
3. A wideband dual polarized base station antenna based on ladder impedance resonators as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the antenna obtains a stable radiation directional diagram by adjusting the size of the antenna reflecting plate and the distance between the antenna reflecting plate and the antenna radiator; the size of the antenna reflector plate is 140mm multiplied by 140mm, and the distance between the antenna radiator and the antenna reflector plate is 33 mm or 35 mm.
4. A wideband dual polarized base station antenna based on ladder impedance resonators as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the driving cross symmetrical array and the stepped impedance resonator are in a central symmetrical structure.
5. A wideband dual polarized base station antenna based on ladder impedance resonators as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the working bandwidth of the antenna is adjusted by adjusting the length of the driving cross symmetrical array or the length of the feeder line thereof, and the radiation gain zero position of the antenna outside the low frequency band is changed; the working bandwidth of the antenna is adjusted by adjusting the length and the width of a high-impedance line and a low-impedance line in the stepped impedance resonator; the radiation gain zero position of the antenna outside the high frequency band is adjusted by adjusting the length and the width of the slotted gap at the bending part of the high impedance line and the low impedance line in the stepped impedance resonator.
6. A wideband dual polarized base station antenna based on ladder impedance resonators as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the length and width parameters of the driving cross symmetrical array and the stepped impedance resonator are adjusted, so that the antenna obtains four echo reflection coefficient zeros in a working frequency band.
7. A wideband dual polarized base station antenna based on ladder impedance resonators as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the high-impedance line is a high-impedance coupling part, the low-impedance line is a low-impedance radiation part, and the high-impedance line is thinner than the low-impedance line; a slotted gap is formed between the thin high impedance line at the center and the wide low impedance line at the outer end.
8. A wideband dual polarized base station antenna based on ladder impedance resonators as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the lengths of the four coaxial feeder cables are kept consistent.
9. A wideband dual polarized base station antenna based on ladder impedance resonators as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the working frequency band of the antenna is 1.67-2.91 GHz, and the return loss is more than 15 dB; within the working bandwidth, the echo reflection coefficient is lower than-15 dB; the isolation between different ports of the antenna is larger than 37.5dB, and the gain fluctuation is smaller than 1 dB; in the working frequency band, the cross polarization level of the antenna is lower than-21.6 dB, and the front-to-back ratio of the antenna is greater than 16.4 dB; the half-power lobe width variation range of the antenna in the working frequency band is 59-70 degrees; the in-band radiation gain value of the antenna is 7.3-8.3 dBi; the out-of-band rejection rate of the antenna at a low frequency range of 0.6-1 GHz is more than 33.8dB, and the out-of-band rejection rate of the antenna at a high frequency range of 3.3-5 GHz is more than 20.6 dB.
10. A wideband dual polarized base station antenna based on ladder impedance resonators as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the antenna is applied to the field of wireless communication, including base station communication, satellite communication and wireless local area network communication; the antenna can be extended to array antenna, and the form of the array antenna comprises linear array and area array.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111564613.4A CN114374086A (en) | 2021-12-20 | 2021-12-20 | Broadband dual-polarized base station antenna based on stepped impedance resonator |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111564613.4A CN114374086A (en) | 2021-12-20 | 2021-12-20 | Broadband dual-polarized base station antenna based on stepped impedance resonator |
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| CN114374086A true CN114374086A (en) | 2022-04-19 |
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| CN202111564613.4A Pending CN114374086A (en) | 2021-12-20 | 2021-12-20 | Broadband dual-polarized base station antenna based on stepped impedance resonator |
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Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109904613A (en) * | 2019-02-19 | 2019-06-18 | 西安电子科技大学 | A kind of difference dual-band and dual-polarization filter antenna applied to 5G Sub 6GHz base station system |
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2021
- 2021-12-20 CN CN202111564613.4A patent/CN114374086A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109904613A (en) * | 2019-02-19 | 2019-06-18 | 西安电子科技大学 | A kind of difference dual-band and dual-polarization filter antenna applied to 5G Sub 6GHz base station system |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| LEHU WEN等: "A Wideband Dual-Polarized Filtering Antenna for Base Station Applications", 《2021 14TH UK-EUROPE-CHINA WORKSHOP ON MILLIMETRE-WAVES AND TERAHERTZ TECHNOLOGIES (UCMMT)》 * |
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