CN113922075B - Slow wave substrate integrated waveguide duplex antenna based on high-order mode - Google Patents
Slow wave substrate integrated waveguide duplex antenna based on high-order mode Download PDFInfo
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- CN113922075B CN113922075B CN202111190101.6A CN202111190101A CN113922075B CN 113922075 B CN113922075 B CN 113922075B CN 202111190101 A CN202111190101 A CN 202111190101A CN 113922075 B CN113922075 B CN 113922075B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
- H01P1/207—Hollow waveguide filters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/08—Radiating ends of two-conductor microwave transmission lines, e.g. of coaxial lines, of microstrip lines
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
Abstract
The invention discloses a slow wave substrate integrated waveguide duplex antenna based on a high-order mode, which comprises a metal patch, a dielectric substrate and a metal bottom plate which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; the metal patch comprises a defective concentric special-shaped coupling structure and a microstrip line fed in a coplanar waveguide mode; and a cross slow wave impedance network is etched on the metal bottom plate. The invention is based on the high-order mode slow wave substrate integrated waveguide duplex antenna, the two ports have good isolation and return loss, the antenna has high gain and high efficiency, and the functions of receiving and transmitting signals and generating slow wave effect can be realized, thus realizing the multifunction and miniaturization of the antenna and being expected to be applied to miniaturization and integration of a communication system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of duplex antenna design, and particularly relates to a slow wave substrate integrated waveguide duplex antenna based on a high-order mode.
Background
With the rapid development of communication technology, communication systems are more and more complex, and at the same time, the requirements for miniaturization and integration of the systems are also higher and higher. As an indispensable important component in a communication system, miniaturization of the antenna has been receiving widespread attention at home and abroad, and miniaturization, light weight and multifunction are trends of development of antennas for communication systems.
Duplex antennas are a special type of antenna that is often used in miniaturized, highly integrated and multi-functional communication systems. The antenna can simultaneously complete the transmission and the reception of signals, and is helpful for realizing the miniaturization and the multifunction of a communication system. In addition, the slow wave structure is also a common structure for realizing the miniaturization of the passive filter device, and the slow wave structure can reduce the phase velocity and the cut-off frequency of electromagnetic waves by changing parameters such as the dielectric constant, the magnetic permeability and the like of the transmission waveguide, so that the miniaturization of the passive microwave device can be realized through the slow wave structure. On the other hand, in the frequency range of interest, the operating wavelength of the electromagnetic wave is also reduced, so that the size of the device is reduced according to the relation between the size of the microwave passive device and the operating wavelength, that is, miniaturization is realized.
The traditional antenna realizes the simultaneous receiving and transmitting functions by loading a plurality of antennas, but the mode can cause the problems of large antenna submission, difficult integration and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the slow wave substrate integrated waveguide duplex antenna with the high-order mode solves the problems that the existing duplex antenna is large in size and difficult to integrate.
In order to achieve the aim of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a slow wave substrate integrated waveguide duplex antenna based on a high-order mode comprises a metal patch, a dielectric substrate and a metal bottom plate which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom;
the metal patch comprises a defective concentric special-shaped coupling structure and a microstrip line fed in a coplanar waveguide mode; and a cross slow wave impedance network is etched on the metal bottom plate.
Further, the defect concentric special-shaped coupling structure is a coupling structure formed by etching a notch-shaped groove and a defect circle on the metal patch;
the geometric structures of the notch-shaped groove and the defect circle are concentric, the defect circle is arranged inside the notch-shaped groove, and the metal through holes arranged on the metal patch are arranged on the periphery of the notch-shaped groove.
Further, the size of the cross slow wave impedance network etched on the metal bottom plate and the geometric shape size corresponding to the square groove meet the size relation reaching the optimal slow wave effect.
Further, the cross slow wave impedance network comprises a plurality of cross impedance units which are the same in size and are arranged in a grid.
Further, the line widths of the opposite side slot lines of the notch-shaped slot are the same, and the line widths of the adjacent side slot lines are different.
Further, two wire grooves are formed in two side edges of the metal patch, which are perpendicular to each other, and no metal through hole is formed between the two wire grooves; and microstrip lines connected with the metal patches are arranged between the two wire slots and extend to the edges of the dielectric substrate, so that microstrip lines fed in a coplanar waveguide mode are formed.
Further, the ports of the two microstrip lines extending to the edges of the medium are used as feed ports of the duplex antenna;
the working frequency of each feed port is determined according to the line width of the corresponding notch, and each working frequency of the feed port has the line width value of the corresponding notch.
Further, the metal patch is connected with the metal ground on the metal bottom plate through a metal through hole, so that the side wall of the substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity is formed;
a feed outlet is reserved on the side wall of the substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity at the feed inlet of the microstrip line;
the space formed by the metal through hole, the metal patch and the dielectric substrate is a substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) Compared with the traditional antenna, the duplex antenna provided by the invention can simultaneously complete the transmission and the reception of two signals with different frequencies, is beneficial to realizing the miniaturization and the multi-function of a communication system, and further greatly reduces the integration difficulty of the communication system;
(2) According to the invention, the slow wave structure is loaded on the metal bottom plate of the duplex antenna, so that the slow wave effect can be formed by the structure, and the product of the equivalent magnetic permeability and the dielectric constant of the substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity is facilitated to be improved, thereby reducing the resonant frequency of the resonant cavity and realizing the miniaturization of the resonant cavity.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a slow wave integrated waveguide duplex antenna based on a high-order mode.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a metal patch according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a metal base plate according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of electric field and magnetic field distribution of a cross section of an antenna with an operating frequency (11.9 GHz) fed from a port 1.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of isolation and return loss of two ports in full-band simulation provided by the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a graph of the maximum gain at two ends provided by the present invention.
Wherein: 1. a metal patch; 2. a metal through hole; 3. a notch-shaped groove; 4. the first square ring groove line width; 5. the second square ring groove line width; 6. a defect circle; 7. a dielectric substrate; 8. a wire slot; 9. a microstrip line; 10. a metal base plate.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and all the inventions which make use of the inventive concept are protected by the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and defined in the appended claims to those skilled in the art.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, a slow wave substrate integrated waveguide duplex antenna based on a high-order mode comprises a metal patch 1, a dielectric substrate 7 and a metal bottom plate 10 which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom;
the metal patch 1 comprises a defective concentric special-shaped coupling structure and a microstrip line 9 fed in the form of a coplanar waveguide; the metal base plate 10 is etched with a cross slow wave impedance network.
In this embodiment, the metal ground on the metal patch 1 and the metal bottom plate 10 is connected through the metal through hole 2, so as to form the side wall of the substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity; the side wall of the substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity is provided with a feed outlet at the feed inlet of the microstrip line 9; the space formed by the metal through hole 2, the metal patch 1 and the dielectric substrate 7 is a substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the metal patch 1 in the duplex antenna is composed of a square metal substrate of a defective concentric special-shaped coupling structure loaded on a substrate integrated waveguide cavity, and two microstrip lines 9 connected with the square metal substrate and fed in a form of a vertical coplanar waveguide; the defect concentric special-shaped coupling structure is formed by etching an opening character-shaped groove 3 and a defect circle 6 on the metal patch 1, and feed-in energy is radiated to form electromagnetic waves;
the geometric structures of the notch groove 3 and the defect circle 6 in the embodiment are concentric, the defect circle 6 is arranged inside the notch groove 3, and the metal through hole 2 arranged on the metal patch 1 is arranged at the periphery of the notch groove 3; opposite side slot line linewidths of the square slot 3 in the embodiment are the same, adjacent side slot line linewidths are different, different slot line linewidths can respectively adjust respective working frequencies of two feed ports, and the defect circle 6 can increase an effective path of antenna surface current, so that the antenna electrical length is increased, the resonant frequency is reduced, miniaturization of the antenna is realized, isolation of two ports of the vertical microstrip line 9 can be increased, mutual interference of two port signals is reduced, and performance of the antenna is improved.
Two wire grooves 8 are formed in two mutually perpendicular side edges of the metal patch 1 in the embodiment, and no metal through hole 2 is formed between the two wire grooves 8; a microstrip line 9 is arranged between the two wire slots 8, is connected with the metal patch 1 and extends to the edge of the dielectric substrate 7, the structure forms a coplanar waveguide type fed microstrip line, and the two vertical coplanar waveguide type fed microstrip lines 9 can enable the antenna to have good isolation; the ports of the two microstrip lines 9 extending to the edges of the medium are used as feed ports of the duplex antenna; the working frequency of each feed port is determined according to the line width of the corresponding square groove 3, and each working frequency of the feed port has the line width value of the corresponding square groove 3; the mutually perpendicular feed ports can provide good port isolation and obvious orthogonal polarization characteristics, and meanwhile, the ports are fed in a coplanar waveguide mode, so that the impedance matching of the antenna and the excitation of a higher order mode are facilitated.
In this embodiment, a dielectric substrate 7 with a fixed dielectric constant is loaded below the metal patch 1, the side length of the dielectric substrate 7 is equal to the sum of the side length of the square metal patch 1 and the length of the microstrip line 9, the substrate integrated waveguide structure of the dielectric substrate 7 forms a substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity in the square metal patch 1 through the metal through hole 2, and the high-order mode of the substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity is excited by using the width of the asymmetric line width of the external notch ring groove, so that the dual-frequency operation is facilitated to obtain high gain, and meanwhile, good isolation between two ports is ensured.
In this embodiment, the size of the cross slow wave impedance network etched on the metal bottom plate 10 and the geometric shape size corresponding to the notch 3 meet the size relation for achieving the optimal slow wave effect, and the cross slow wave impedance network comprises a plurality of cross impedance units which have the same size and are arranged in a grid; the structure can enable electromagnetic waves fed into the port to generate a slow wave effect, and effectively improves the product of the equivalent magnetic conductivity and the dielectric constant of the substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity, so that the resonant frequency of the resonant cavity is reduced, the size miniaturization of the resonant cavity is realized, and therefore, the slow wave structure can be utilized to realize the miniaturization design of microwave passive devices.
Example 2:
specific examples of the above duplex antennas are provided in the present embodiment:
the dielectric substrate adopts Rogers RT5880, the thickness is 1.575mm, the dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate is 2.2, and the loss tangent angle is 0.0009; the metal patch is of a square structure, the side length of the metal patch is 29.2mm, the side length of the square slot is 23mm, the line width 4 of the first square annular slot and the line width 5 of the second square annular slot of the square slot are respectively 0.9mm and 0.4mm, the defect circle diameter is 5mm, and the slot line width is 0.8mm; the cross impedance unit in the cross slow wave impedance network has a width of 0.2mm and a length of 1mm.
Based on the above-mentioned duplex antenna structure, as shown in fig. 4, the electric field and the magnetic field of the cross section of the feeding direction of the antenna from the port 1 are distributed at the working frequency (11.9 GHz), it can be seen that the electromagnetic wave propagates in the microstrip section fed in the coplanar waveguide form, the electric field and the magnetic field are not effectively separated, but when the electromagnetic wave propagates in the cross slow wave impedance network area, the effective separation of the electric field and the magnetic field can be realized, so as to obtain the slow wave effect, thereby further realizing the miniaturization of the antenna design.
As shown in FIG. 5, the horizontal axis represents frequency (GHz), the vertical axis represents S parameter (dB), the antenna has good isolation in the frequency band, the isolation of two ports is better than 29dB in the working frequency band, the working bandwidths of the port 1 and the port 2 are respectively 240MHz and 180MHz in the working frequency band, and the return loss of the two ports is better than 12dB in the working bandwidth.
As shown in fig. 6, in the operating band, the gain of the port 1 is 9.35-9.63 dB, the gain of the port 2 is 9.61-9.92 dB, and the gain jitter range is less than 0.35dBi, so that the radiation characteristic is good.
Therefore, the slow wave substrate integrated waveguide duplex antenna based on the high-order mode has good isolation and return loss at two ports, has high gain and high efficiency, can realize the functions of receiving and transmitting signals and generating slow wave effect, thereby realizing the multifunction and miniaturization of the antenna and being expected to be applied to miniaturization and integration of a communication system.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "radial," and the like indicate or are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be configured and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be interpreted as indicating or implying a relative importance or number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," "third," or the like, may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature.
Claims (5)
1. The slow wave substrate integrated waveguide duplex antenna based on the high-order mode is characterized by comprising a metal patch (1), a dielectric substrate (7) and a metal bottom plate (10) which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom;
the metal patch (1) comprises a defective concentric special-shaped coupling structure and a microstrip line (9) fed in a coplanar waveguide mode; a cross slow wave impedance network is etched on the metal bottom plate (10);
the defect concentric special-shaped coupling structure is a coupling structure formed by etching a notch-shaped groove (3) and a defect circle (6) on the metal patch (1);
the geometric structures of the notch-shaped groove (3) and the defect circle (6) are concentric, the defect circle (6) is arranged inside the notch-shaped groove (3), and the metal through holes (2) arranged on the metal patch (1) are arranged on the periphery of the notch-shaped groove (3);
the line widths of opposite side slot lines of the notch-shaped slot (3) are the same, and the line widths of adjacent side slot lines are different;
two wire grooves (8) are formed in the edges of two mutually perpendicular sides of the metal patch (1), and no metal through hole (2) is formed between the two wire grooves (8); a microstrip line (9) is arranged between the two wire slots (8) and connected with the metal patch (1) and extends to the edge of the dielectric substrate (7), so that a microstrip line fed in a coplanar waveguide mode is formed.
2. The slow wave substrate integrated waveguide duplex antenna based on high-order mode according to claim 1, wherein the size of the cross slow wave impedance network etched on the metal bottom plate (10) and the geometric shape size corresponding to the notch groove (3) meet the size relation for achieving the optimal slow wave effect.
3. The slow wave substrate integrated waveguide duplex antenna based on high-order mode according to claim 1, wherein the cross slow wave impedance network comprises a plurality of cross impedance units which are the same in size and are arranged in a grid.
4. The slow wave substrate integrated waveguide duplex antenna based on high order modes according to claim 1, wherein the ports of the two microstrip lines (9) extending to the edges of the medium are used as feed ports of the duplex antenna;
the working frequency of each feed port is determined according to the line width of the corresponding square groove (3), and each working frequency of the feed port has the line width value of the corresponding square groove (3).
5. The slow wave substrate integrated waveguide duplex antenna based on high-order mode according to claim 1, wherein the metal patch (1) and the metal ground on the metal bottom plate (10) are connected through the metal through hole (2), thereby forming the side wall of the substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity;
the side wall of the substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity is provided with a feed outlet at the feed inlet of the microstrip line (9);
the space formed by the metal through hole (2), the metal patch (1) and the dielectric substrate (7) is a substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity.
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| CN114725658B (en) * | 2022-04-14 | 2023-06-06 | 西华大学 | Slow wave medium integrated filter antenna with integrated defect structure and design method thereof |
| CN114883766B (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2024-02-02 | 大连海事大学 | Dual-mode substrate integrated waveguide filter based on slow wave structure |
| CN115133280B (en) * | 2022-07-27 | 2024-04-19 | 重庆邮电大学 | Differential broadband filtering antenna |
| CN115513622B (en) * | 2022-11-03 | 2023-07-04 | 西华大学 | Quarter-mode slow-wave substrate integrated waveguide filter |
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