CN114371499A - Tissue equivalent proportional counter simulation spectrum generation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Tissue equivalent proportional counter simulation spectrum generation method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN114371499A
CN114371499A CN202111512628.6A CN202111512628A CN114371499A CN 114371499 A CN114371499 A CN 114371499A CN 202111512628 A CN202111512628 A CN 202111512628A CN 114371499 A CN114371499 A CN 114371499A
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spectrum
proportional counter
tissue equivalent
equivalent proportional
simulated
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陈宝维
赵飞
许志
杨中建
张煜
谢伟民
程昊
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China Institute for Radiation Protection
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Abstract

The invention relates to a tissue equivalent proportional counter analog spectrum generation method and application thereof, which is characterized in that data measured by a tissue equivalent proportional counter in international space station environments, monoenergetic particles, gamma fields and neutron fields published at home and abroad are collected and processed to form a basic spectrum, an analog spectrum meeting the measurement distribution rule of the tissue equivalent proportional counter in different radiation fields is generated on the basis of the basic spectrum, and a quality factor Q, an absorbed dose D and a dose equivalent H value are obtained from the spectrum. The tissue equivalent proportional counter calibration method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of high calibration efficiency, real-time calibration and wide application range.

Description

Tissue equivalent proportional counter simulation spectrum generation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of radiation measurement, and particularly relates to a tissue equivalent proportional counter simulated spectrum generation method and application thereof.
Background
The tissue equivalent proportional counter is a detector for measuring the micro-dose, and the quality factor Q and the dose equivalent H are obtained by converting and calculating through measuring the micro-dose spectrum and the absorbed dose of a radiation field. The original output quantity of the tissue equivalent proportional counter is a deposition energy spectrum in a detector, which is called a measurement spectrum for short, the conversion process from the measurement spectrum to the absorbed dose D, the quality factor Q and the dose equivalent H has strong speciality, the process is complex and tedious, errors are easy to occur, and different calculation methods given by different international authorities are different, and the calculation standards are not uniform.
When a TEPC measuring system is developed, different radiation fields (a neutron field, a gamma field, a proton field, a heavily charged particle field and the like) are needed to calibrate the measuring system, however, for the calibration of the tissue equivalent proportional counter, China is still in a blank state at present, and internationally, the tissue equivalent proportional counter is usually calibrated and tested through a neutron reference radiation field, a gamma reference radiation field and the like under laboratory conditions, but the disassembly and the transfer of the tissue equivalent proportional counter are time-consuming and labor-consuming and meet all certain requirements of an application field, so the current calibration method for the tissue equivalent proportional counter is not high in efficiency, cannot calibrate in real time and is limited in application range.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a tissue equivalent proportional counter analog spectrum generation method and application thereof.
In order to achieve the above purposes, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a method of tissue equivalent proportional counter analog spectrum generation, the method comprising the steps of:
s1, calling basic spectrum data stored in advance according to the received input conditions;
s2, generating a simulated spectrum of the measurement distribution rule of the tissue equivalent proportional counter meeting the input condition based on the basic spectrum data;
and S3, calculating and converting the simulated spectrum by using a conversion formula stored in advance to obtain a quality factor Q, an absorbed dose D and a dose equivalent H value.
Further, the input conditions include: irradiation conditions, total number of channels, width of each channel, number of particles, dosimetry calculation mode, and simulated cell diameter.
Further, the irradiation condition is selected by a user and is one of "space station, solar activity quiet period, non-SAA zone", "space station, solar activity quiet period, SAA zone", "neutron, Am-Be source", "neutron, Cf-252", "γ, Cs-137", "γ, Co-60", "γ, Am-241", "monoenergetic proton", "monoenergetic C particle", and "monoenergetic Fe particle".
Further, the previously stored basic spectrum data is formed by processing the flux spectrum under the specific illumination conditions disclosed in the prior art into a probability density spectrum of LET fluence differential flux.
Further, the flux spectrum is mainly collected from data measured by using an organization equivalent proportional counter in international space station environment, monoenergetic particles, gamma fields and neutron fields published at home and abroad.
Further, step S2 includes the following sub-steps:
s201, generating a simulation spectrum array N [ i ] representing a simulation spectrum, setting all elements in the simulation spectrum array N [ i ] to 0, generating a probability array f [ i ] representing the counting probability of each channel in the simulation spectrum, wherein the sum of the probability arrays f [ i ] is 1, setting the initial value of the recorded particle number m to 0, and setting i to 1;
imaxexpressed as the total number of traces of the simulated spectrum, i ranges from 1 to imax；
S202, generating a random number within the range of 0-1.0, and judging whether the random number is smaller than the basisProbability f [ i ] of ith trace in spectrum]If it is less than the probability, then N [ i]＝N[i]+1, m ═ m +1, otherwise, N [ i ═ N [ +1]Repeating the steps until i continuously takes the value from 1 to imaxObtaining the 1 st to i th lanesmaxThe count of tracks;
s203, repeat step S202 until the recorded number of particles M reaches the set number of particles M.
Further, the accuracy of the random number should be at least 10-9。
Further, the conversion formula stored in advance in step S3 is based on the conversion method defined by the ICRP-defined quality factor q (l) or the conversion method defined by the ICRU-based line energy y.
A method of tissue equivalent proportional counter calibration, the method comprising the steps of:
s11, irradiating the tissue equivalent proportional counter under the same condition by using a radioactive source to obtain an actual measurement spectrum, and calibrating a hardware measurement system of the tissue equivalent proportional counter by combining the simulated spectrum obtained in the step S2.
Further, the method comprises the step of
S12, inputting the simulated spectrum data obtained in the step S2 into a signal processing module of the tissue equivalent proportional counter to obtain a simulated quality factor Q, an absorbed dose D and a dose equivalent H value, and calibrating the signal processing module of the tissue equivalent proportional counter by combining the quality factor Q, the absorbed dose D and the dose equivalent H value obtained in the step S3.
The invention has the following effects: by adopting the method for generating the simulated spectrum of the tissue equivalent proportional counter and the application thereof, the deposition energy spectrum of the TEPC under different irradiation conditions can be generated in a simulated mode, and the hardware measurement system of the tissue equivalent proportional counter can be calibrated by comparing the simulated spectrum with the actually measured spectrum.
Furthermore, the absorbed dose D, the quality factor Q, the dose equivalent H and other dosimetry quantities can be calculated by the simulation spectrum according to a conversion formula stored in advance, and in the calculation process, a user can select and use calculation methods with different standards. A developer of the TEPC measuring system can lead a simulated spectrum into a signal processing module of the tissue equivalent proportional counter to obtain values of simulated quality factors Q, absorbed doses D and dose equivalents H, and the values are compared with the dose quantities such as the absorbed doses D, the quality factors Q and the dose equivalents H calculated according to a conversion formula stored in advance, so that the signal processing module of the tissue equivalent proportional counter can be calibrated.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a graph of LET fluence measured by an tissue equivalent proportional counter at an STS-89 international space station by using the tissue equivalent proportional counter according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the graph is obtained by referring to data;
fig. 2 is a differential flux spectrum into which the integrated flux spectrum of fig. 1 is subjected to a differential process;
FIG. 3 is a probability density spectrum into which the differential flux spectrum of FIG. 2 is processed;
FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a method of step S2 in a tissue equivalent proportional counter simulation spectrum generation method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a flowchart of a method for calibrating a tissue equivalent proportional counter according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description.
Example one
A tissue equivalent proportional counter analog spectrum generation method comprises the following steps:
and S1, retrieving the basic spectrum data stored in advance according to the received input conditions.
The input conditions include: irradiation conditions, total number of channels, width of each channel, number of particles, dosimetry calculation mode, and simulated cell diameter.
The irradiation conditions are selected by a user and can Be selected from several irradiation modes of 'space station, solar activity quiet period, non-SAA zone', 'space station, solar activity quiet period, SAA zone', 'neutron, Am-Be source', 'neutron, Cf-252', 'gamma, Cs-137', 'gamma, Co-60', 'gamma, Am-241', 'monoenergetic proton', 'monoenergetic C particle' and 'monoenergetic Fe particle'.
If one of the "monoenergetic protons", "monoenergetic C particles", and "monoenergetic Fe particles" is selected, the energy also needs to be selected. Since the pre-calculated basic spectrum needs to be read, the energies in the "monoenergetic protons", "monoenergetic C particles" and "monoenergetic Fe particles" cannot be arbitrarily input, and can be selected from only limited energies.
The flux spectrum under the specific irradiation conditions disclosed in the prior art is processed into a probability density spectrum of LET energy transmission linear density differential flux to form the basic spectrum data stored in advance.
The flux spectrum is mainly collected from data measured by using a tissue equivalent proportional counter in international space station environment published at home and abroad, monoenergetic particles (protons, C ions and Fe ions), gamma fields (137Cs, 60Co and 241Am) and neutron fields (241Am and 252 Cf).
And S2, generating a simulated spectrum of the tissue equivalent proportional counter measurement distribution rule meeting the specific irradiation condition based on the basic spectrum.
And S3, calculating and converting the simulated spectrum by using a conversion formula stored in advance to obtain a quality factor Q, an absorbed dose D and a dose equivalent H value.
The basic spectrum data stored in advance in step S1 is obtained in the following manner
For example, a flux spectrum published from the literature under a specific irradiation condition is processed into a probability density spectrum of LET energy-transfer linear density differential flux as a base spectrum. As shown in fig. 1, an example of the fluence spectrum measured by the international space station during stationary solar activity using a tissue equivalent proportional counter can be found.
As shown in fig. 2, the integrated flux spectrum in fig. 1 is processed into a differentiated flux spectrum.
The number of channels of the differential flux spectrum can be set according to the requirements of users, and the number of channels of the differential flux is recorded as imax. In this embodiment, the number of channels of the spectrum is 256 for example, and the counting of each channel of the differential flux spectrum in fig. 2 is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 TEPC measured LET differential flux Spectroscopy data (256 lanes, each lane)Representing 4 keV/. mu.m. Flux unit is (cm2 sr day)-1)
Figure BDA0003398726290000061
Figure BDA0003398726290000071
As shown in fig. 3, the differentiated flux spectra in fig. 2 are converted into probability density spectra, and LET differentiated flux probability density spectrum data in table 2 are obtained.
TABLE 2 LET differential flux probability density spectral data (256 lanes, each lane representing 4 keV/mum)
Figure BDA0003398726290000081
Figure BDA0003398726290000091
As shown in fig. 4, in step S2, a simulated spectrum is generated as follows:
s201, generating a simulation spectrum array N [ i ] representing a simulation spectrum, setting all elements in the simulation spectrum array to be 0, generating a probability array f [ i ] representing the counting probability of each channel in the simulation spectrum, wherein the sum of the probability arrays f [ i ] is 1, and the initial value of the recorded particle number m is set to be 0, and i is set to be 1.
imaxExpressed as the total number of traces in the spectrum, the ith trace is counted as N [ i ]]Denotes that i ranges from 1 to imax。
S202, when the ith particle is detected by the tissue equivalent proportional counter, generating a random number within the range of 0-1.0 (the precision should reach at least 10)-9) Then, it is determined whether the random number is less than the probability f [ i ] of the ith track in Table 2]If it is less than the probability, then N [ i]Add 1 and the number of particles recorded m adds 1, otherwise, N [ i]Repeating the steps until i continuously takes the value from 1 to imaxObtaining the 1 st to i th lanesmaxThe count of the tracks.
In this embodiment, when the tissue equivalent proportional counter detects the first particle, a random number is generated within the range of 0-1.0 (the accuracy should be at least 10)-9) Then, it is determined whether the random number is less than the probability f [1 ] of the 1 st track in Table 2](in this embodiment f [1 ]]Is 0.9508), if the probability is less than the threshold, N1 is obtained]Adding 1, m is 1, then N1]And is not changed.
The method described above is used to determine if the first particle causes the count of lane 1 when the tissue equivalent proportional counter detects the first particle.
Generating a random number (with an accuracy of at least 10) in the range of 0-1.0 when the tissue equivalent proportional counter detects a second particle-9) Then, it is determined whether the random number is less than the probability f 2 of the 2 nd track in Table 2](in this embodiment f [2 ]]Is 0.03725), if the probability is less than the threshold, N2 is obtained]Adding 1, m is 2, then N2]And is not changed.
In the same way, it is continuously determined whether the particle causes the count of the 3 rd, 4 th, … … th trace through the 256 th trace when the tissue equivalent proportional counter detects the particle, and the count of the trace is increased by 1 or unchanged according to the determination result.
S203, repeat step S202 until the recorded particle number reaches the set simulated particle number M.
The conversion formulae stored in advance in step S3 include the following two types, and one of them may be adopted according to a user selection.
The conversion from the original spectrum to the dosimetry is classified into a conversion method defined based on the quality factor q (l) defined by ICRP (international radiation protection committee) and a conversion method defined based on the line energy y of ICRU (international radiation measurement and unit committee), and the measurement spectrum obtained by simulation is a line energy spectrum.
Q (L) definition conversion method based on ICRP
The absorbed dose D was determined using the following formula:
Figure BDA0003398726290000111
εi＝i·W·l (2)
in the above two formulas, Dd is absorbed dose, and md is simulated cell mass, and can be determined according to the cell is spherical and has density of 1.0g/cm3The diameter d is calculated from user input. ε i is the deposition energy represented by one count of the ith trace. i denotes the number of tracks, W denotes the LET width (keV/μm) of one track, l denotes the chord length of a spherical cell, and l is 2/3 d.
The average quality factor is obtained by the following formula
Figure BDA0003398726290000112
Firstly, calculating Q (yi), taking the energy transmission linear density L with the same value as yi, calculating Q (L) according to the following formula, and equating the calculated result to the value of Q (yi):
Figure BDA0003398726290000113
obtaining Q (yi) values for each lane
Figure BDA0003398726290000121
Thirdly, the dose equivalent H is obtained by the following formula:
Figure BDA0003398726290000122
ICRU-based Q value definition conversion method
The linear energy y corresponding to each lane i is obtained by the following formulaiFrequency value f (y) of occurrencei)
Figure BDA0003398726290000123
The average linear energy of frequency is obtained by the following formula
Figure BDA0003398726290000124
Figure BDA0003398726290000125
The dose mean linear energy was calculated using the following formula
Figure BDA0003398726290000126
Figure BDA0003398726290000127
Quality factor
Figure BDA0003398726290000128
It can be seen from the above embodiments that, in the tissue equivalent proportional counter simulation spectrum generation method disclosed in the present invention, data measured by the tissue equivalent proportional counter in international space station environment, monoenergetic particles (protons, C ions, Fe ions), gamma fields (137Cs, 60Co, 241Am), and neutron fields (241Am, 252Cf) published at home and abroad are collected and processed to form a basic spectrum, a simulation spectrum satisfying the measurement distribution rules of the tissue equivalent proportional counter in different radiation fields is generated on the basis of the basic spectrum, and a quality factor Q, an absorbed dose D, and a dose equivalent H value are obtained from the simulation spectrum, so that a hardware measurement system and a signal processing module of the tissue equivalent proportional counter can be calibrated.
Example two
As shown in fig. 5, a method for calibrating a tissue equivalent proportional counter includes the following steps:
s11, irradiating the tissue equivalent proportional counter under the same condition by using a radioactive source to obtain an actual measurement spectrum, and calibrating the actual measurement spectrum by combining the simulated spectrum obtained in the step S2;
and S12, inputting the analog spectrum data obtained in the step S2 into the signal processing module of the tissue equivalent proportional counter to obtain an analog quality factor Q, an absorbed dose D and a dose equivalent H value, and calibrating the signal processing module of the tissue equivalent proportional counter by combining the quality factor Q, the absorbed dose D and the dose equivalent H value obtained in the step S3.
It can be seen from the above embodiments that, according to the calibration method for the tissue equivalent proportional counter disclosed in the present invention, through comparison between the simulated spectrum and the actual measurement spectrum, developers of the TEPC measurement system can introduce the simulated spectrum into the signal processing module of the tissue equivalent proportional counter to obtain the simulated quality factor Q, the absorbed dose D, and the dose equivalent H, and compare the simulated quality factor Q, the absorbed dose D, the dose equivalent H, and the like calculated according to the pre-stored conversion formula, so that the signal processing module of the tissue equivalent proportional counter can be calibrated, and the calibration method has the advantages of high calibration efficiency, real-time calibration, and wide application range.
The method of the present invention is not limited to the examples described in the specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art can derive other embodiments according to the technical solutions of the present invention, and also belong to the technical innovation scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A method of tissue equivalent proportional counter analog spectrum generation, the method comprising the steps of:
s1, calling basic spectrum data stored in advance according to the received input conditions;
s2, generating a simulated spectrum of the measurement distribution rule of the tissue equivalent proportional counter meeting the input condition based on the basic spectrum data;
and S3, calculating and converting the simulated spectrum by using a conversion formula stored in advance to obtain a quality factor Q, an absorbed dose D and a dose equivalent H value.
2. A method of tissue equivalent proportional counter analog spectrum generation as defined in claim 1, wherein: the input conditions include: irradiation conditions, total number of channels, width of each channel, number of particles, dosimetry calculation mode, and simulated cell diameter.
3. A tissue equivalent proportional counter analog spectrum generation method as defined in claim 2, wherein: the irradiation condition is selected by a user and is one of space station, solar activity calm period, non-SAA zone, space station, solar activity calm period, SAA zone, neutron, Am-Be source, neutron, Cf-252, gamma, Cs-137, gamma, Co-60, gamma, Am-241, monoenergetic proton, monoenergetic C particle and monoenergetic Fe particle.
4. A method of tissue equivalent proportional counter analog spectrum generation as defined in claim 1, wherein: the previously stored basis spectrum data is formed by processing the flux spectrum under the specific illumination conditions disclosed in the prior art into a probability density spectrum of LET's fluence differential flux.
5. A method of tissue equivalent proportional counter analog spectrum generation as defined in claim 4, wherein: the flux spectrum is mainly collected from data measured by using an organization equivalent proportional counter in international space station environment, monoenergetic particles, gamma field and neutron field published at home and abroad.
6. A tissue equivalent proportional counter simulated spectrum generation method as claimed in claim 1, wherein step S2 comprises the following sub-steps:
s201, generating a simulation spectrum array N [ i ] representing a simulation spectrum, setting all elements in the simulation spectrum array N [ i ] to 0, generating a probability array f [ i ] representing the counting probability of each channel in the simulation spectrum, wherein the sum of the probability arrays f [ i ] is 1, setting the initial value of the recorded particle number m to 0, and setting i to 1;
imaxexpressed as the total number of traces of the simulated spectrum, i ranges from 1 to imax；
S202, generating a random number within the range of 0-1.0, and judging whether the random number is smaller than the ith channel in the basic spectrumProbability f [ i ]]If it is less than the probability, then N [ i]＝N[i]+1, m ═ m +1, otherwise, N [ i ═ N [ +1]Repeating the steps until i continuously takes the value from 1 to imaxObtaining the 1 st to i th lanesmaxThe count of tracks;
s203, repeat step S202 until the recorded number of particles M reaches the set number of particles M.
7. A method of tissue equivalent proportional counter analog spectrum generation as defined in claim 6, wherein: the accuracy of the random number should be at least 10-9。
8. A method of tissue equivalent proportional counter analog spectrum generation as defined in claim 4, wherein: the conversion formula stored in advance in step S3 is based on the conversion method defined by the ICRP-defined quality factor q (l) or the conversion method defined by the ICRU-based line energy y.
9. A method of tissue equivalent proportional counter calibration, the method comprising the steps of:
s11, irradiating the tissue equivalent proportional counter under the same condition by using a radioactive source to obtain an actual measurement spectrum, and calibrating a hardware measurement system of the tissue equivalent proportional counter by combining the simulated spectrum obtained in the step S2.
10. A tissue equivalent proportional counter calibration method as claimed in claim 9, wherein: the method further comprises the step of
S12, inputting the simulated spectrum data obtained in the step S2 into a signal processing module of the tissue equivalent proportional counter to obtain a simulated quality factor Q, an absorbed dose D and a dose equivalent H value, and calibrating the signal processing module of the tissue equivalent proportional counter by combining the quality factor Q, the absorbed dose D and the dose equivalent H value obtained in the step S3.
CN202111512628.6A 2021-12-08 2021-12-08 Tissue equivalent proportional counter simulation spectrum generation method and application thereof Pending CN114371499A (en)

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