CN114368763A - Comprehensive treatment method for industrial waste salt - Google Patents
Comprehensive treatment method for industrial waste salt Download PDFInfo
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- CN114368763A CN114368763A CN202111632635.XA CN202111632635A CN114368763A CN 114368763 A CN114368763 A CN 114368763A CN 202111632635 A CN202111632635 A CN 202111632635A CN 114368763 A CN114368763 A CN 114368763A
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- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 154
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 126
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 107
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- FWFGVMYFCODZRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxidanium;hydrogen sulfate Chemical compound O.OS(O)(=O)=O FWFGVMYFCODZRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000009292 forward osmosis Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000001728 nano-filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007832 Na2SO4 Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001804 chlorine Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012432 intermediate storage Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011110 re-filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 132
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 19
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 18
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 13
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 11
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 9
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium ion Chemical compound [Mg+2] JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000112 cooling gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229910001425 magnesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012847 fine chemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000086 high toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01D—COMPOUNDS OF ALKALI METALS, i.e. LITHIUM, SODIUM, POTASSIUM, RUBIDIUM, CAESIUM, OR FRANCIUM
- C01D3/00—Halides of sodium, potassium or alkali metals in general
- C01D3/04—Chlorides
- C01D3/08—Preparation by working up natural or industrial salt mixtures or siliceous minerals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01D—COMPOUNDS OF ALKALI METALS, i.e. LITHIUM, SODIUM, POTASSIUM, RUBIDIUM, CAESIUM, OR FRANCIUM
- C01D5/00—Sulfates or sulfites of sodium, potassium or alkali metals in general
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/80—Compositional purity
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a comprehensive treatment method of industrial waste salt, which comprises the following steps: s100: dissolving industrial waste salt, separating organic matters, recrystallizing and granulating, drying waste salt crystal grains, and inputting into an incinerator; s200: carrying out high-temperature pyrolysis on the waste salt crystal grains in an incinerator to remove organic matters; cooling and crushing the waste salt after pyrolysis to obtain waste salt particles; s300: inputting the waste salt particles into a dissolving and filtering tank, dissolving and filtering to realize the separation of the carbonate; s400: inputting the solution of the dissolving and filtering tank into a neutralization tank, and removing insoluble hydroxide under the action of alkali liquor; s500: inputting the solution obtained in the step S400 into a membrane separation unit, and separating to obtain chloride concentrated water and sulfate concentrated water; s600: inputting the concentrated chloride salt water into a first evaporative crystallization unit, and crystallizing to recover chloride salt; and (4) inputting the concentrated sulfate water into a second evaporation crystallization unit, and crystallizing to recover sulfate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of industrial waste salt treatment and resource utilization, and particularly relates to a comprehensive treatment method of industrial waste salt.
Background
The industrial waste salt has wide sources, relates to the industries of pesticides, medicines, coal chemical industry, printing and dyeing, electroplating and the like, has complex components, contains a large amount of toxic and harmful substances such as organic matters, heavy metals and the like, has high toxicity and is difficult to degrade and accompanied with pungent smell. The industrial waste salt not only damages the ecological environment and harms the human health, but also soluble salt and impurities in the waste salt easily cause soil salinization, endanger the survival and development of surrounding agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry, even cause serious pollution to surrounding water sources and underground water, and have great harmfulness. Particularly, with the rapid development of the fine chemical industry, the doubly-increased salt-containing solid waste is still the biggest bottleneck of the next development of enterprises, and the effective and safe disposal of industrial waste salt becomes an environmental problem which needs to be solved urgently.
With the improvement of the overall environmental protection concept of the society, the waste salt is subjected to quality and salt separation, and high-purity inorganic salt with economic value is recovered from the waste salt, so that the waste salt is harmless and recycled, and the method becomes a research hotspot in the current environmental protection field. At present, common salt separation modes comprise high-temperature incineration, membrane separation, salt washing, recrystallization, extraction and the like, and industrial waste salt components are complex, so that various technologies are combined to comprehensively remove impurities in the waste salt to obtain relatively pure industrial crystalline salt.
The high-temperature incineration method is used for carrying out high-temperature incineration on industrial waste salt to remove organic matters in the waste salt, is suitable for the waste salt with higher organic matter content, is limited by various factors such as technology and the like, is easy to melt or soften and agglomerate after the waste salt is incinerated, is bonded in an incinerator to cause serious corrosion or obstruction of the incinerator, cannot continuously operate, and in addition, the adoption of an ultrahigh-temperature treatment mode has high energy consumption and higher investment and operation cost.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a comprehensive treatment method of industrial waste salt, which adopts a combined technology of incineration pyrolysis and multi-stage filtration, has simple process and solves the problems that the energy consumption is high in the process of separating the industrial waste salt from the salt, and the salt after pyrolysis is bonded and scaled on the surface of an incinerator.
The comprehensive treatment method of the industrial waste salt comprises the following steps:
s100: dissolving industrial waste salt, separating organic matters, recrystallizing and granulating, drying waste salt crystal grains, and inputting into an incinerator;
s200: carrying out high-temperature pyrolysis on the waste salt crystal grains in an incinerator to remove organic matters; cooling and crushing the waste salt after pyrolysis to obtain waste salt particles;
s300: inputting the waste salt particles into a dissolving and filtering tank, dissolving and filtering to realize the separation of the carbonate;
s400: inputting the solution of the dissolving and filtering tank into a neutralization tank, and removing insoluble hydroxide under the action of alkali liquor;
s500: inputting the solution obtained in the step S400 into a membrane separation unit, and separating to obtain chloride concentrated water and sulfate concentrated water;
s600: inputting the concentrated chloride salt water into a first evaporative crystallization unit, and crystallizing to recover chloride salt; and (4) inputting the concentrated sulfate water into a second evaporation crystallization unit, and crystallizing to recover sulfate.
Optionally, step S100 specifically includes the following steps:
(1) dissolving industrial waste salt in a pretreatment tank, mechanically stirring and fully dissolving at normal temperature, and then standing and layering;
(2) the upper oil phase of the pretreatment tank is a nonpolar organic matter, and the upper oil phase is discharged into a sewage treatment plant for treatment;
(3) heating the lower water phase of the pretreatment tank, mechanically stirring until the insoluble salt is fully dissolved, and then separating while the solution is hot to obtain a waste salt solution;
(4) the waste salt solution is naturally cooled under mechanical stirring, and when the waste salt solution is cooled to room temperature, the waste salt solution is continuously cooled by using a cooling medium until no solid is separated out, so that waste salt crystal grains are obtained;
(5) and (3) inputting the waste salt crystal grains into a dryer for drying, wherein the heat source of the dryer is the hot tail gas of the incinerator, and the tail gas of the dryer enters a tail gas treatment device for treatment.
In the step (2), the lower-layer water phase of the pretreatment tank contains insoluble substances such as impurities and suspended substances of waste salt and salt which is insoluble at normal temperature; in the step (3), impurities, suspended matters and the like of the waste salt are separated from the waste salt solution while the waste salt solution is hot; this step will also continue to release non-polar organic matter, which is discharged to a sewage treatment plant for treatment.
Optionally, in the step (4), the particle size of the waste salt crystal grain is 5-15mm, and the waste salt crystal grain with the particle size of 5-15mm is continuously filtered from the solution system in the processes of natural cooling and cooling of the cooling medium.
Optionally, in the step (4), the remaining aqueous phase can be used for next dissolution of industrial waste salt, and when the content of polar organic matters in the aqueous phase is large, the aqueous phase is discharged into a sewage treatment plant for treatment.
According to the invention, the industrial waste salt is pretreated aiming at the characteristics of easy caking and bonding in the incinerator, the components of the industrial waste salt are complex, the waste salt is easy to stick and form blocks due to the existence of organic matters, and the distribution of the organic matters in waste salt particles is extremely irregular, so that the organic matters are pyrolyzed in the waste salt particles in the incinerator, and the whole pyrolysis time is prolonged and the energy consumption is increased due to the fact that the organic matters are embedded in the particles and are not pyrolyzed completely.
According to the invention, most of nonpolar organic matters are removed preferentially in a layered manner by dissolving the waste salt, and the part of nonpolar organic matters are treated by a sewage treatment plant without entering the incinerator, so that the energy consumption for pyrolyzing the part of nonpolar organic matters is saved. The effect of the lower water phase of the heating pretreatment tank is to promote the dissolution of the insoluble salt to fully enter the subsequent crystallization procedure, promote the dissolution of polar organic matters in the waste salt in water to promote the release of non-polar organic matters, and prepare a precondition for the subsequent cooling crystallization. The dissolution of the waste salt is also beneficial to the early removal of impurities, suspended matters and other substances in the waste salt, and the load of the ultrafiltration unit is reduced. The waste salt crystal has higher purity, uniform grain diameter and larger specific surface area. Because the polar organic matters are dissolved in the water phase, most polar organic matters are left in the water, the energy consumption of the incinerator for pyrolyzing the polar organic matters is further saved, and a small part of polar organic matters are attached to the outer surface of the waste salt crystal grains when the waste salt crystal grains are discharged out of the pretreatment tank, are preferentially pyrolyzed after entering the incinerator, and reduce the time of the working procedures of the incinerator.
Optionally, the pretreatment tank comprises a front part and a rear part which are respectively a dissolution chamber and a crystallization chamber, a lifting control gate is arranged between the dissolution chamber and the crystallization chamber, when the gate is lifted, liquid in the two chambers is separated, when the gate is lowered, the solutions in the dissolution chamber and the crystallization chamber can be communicated, and insoluble substances such as impurities, suspended matters and the like at the lower part of the dissolution chamber are remained in the dissolution chamber through the overflow gate;
the dissolving chamber and the crystallization chamber are respectively provided with a first stirring part and a second stirring part, and the dissolving chamber is provided with a heating device;
the side wall of the dissolving chamber is provided with a lifting siphon pipe, and the tail end of the siphon pipe is connected with a waste water pipeline and used for discharging the nonpolar organic matters; the head end of the siphon is provided with a lifting device which is convenient for adjusting the siphon according to the height of the oil phase in the dissolving chamber.
Preferably, the second stirring part comprises a plurality of stirring paddles which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the stirring shaft, the stirring paddles can move up and down along the stirring shaft, the stirring paddles are in a strainer shape, the aperture of a filter screen of the stirring paddle is 5mm, and waste salt crystal grains with the particle size larger than 5mm are fished out while stirring; the stirring paddle can rotate, when the waste salt crystal grains are fished up and move to the upper part of the stirring shaft and are above the liquid level, the stirring paddle rotates, the opening is downward, the crystal grains are poured on the conveying belt, and the conveying belt is connected with the dryer.
The first stirring part is a common stirrer.
Preferably, an ultrasonic vibration plate is provided inside the dissolution chamber, and ultrasonic waves promote dissolution of the waste salt during heating.
Optionally, the middle storage tank is connected to the liquid outlet of crystallization chamber, and the inlet of dissolving the room is connected to middle storage tank, makes dissolving the room and the crystallization chamber realization continuous type operation in preliminary treatment pond, dissolve the room and after dissolving waste salt and water oil separating, pass through the gate is discharged the feed liquid into the crystallization chamber, and the water of middle storage tank is inputed again to the dissolution chamber, continues to dissolve waste salt, and the feed liquid is discharged into the crystallization chamber and is crystallized, and after the waste salt crystalline grain of discharging, the water of crystallization chamber is discharged into middle storage tank, and the crystallization chamber accepts the feed liquid of dissolving the room once more to this realizes continuous production.
Optionally, in step S200, the waste salt crystal grains are pyrolyzed at high temperature at the upper part of the incinerator to remove organic matters; and the waste salt after pyrolysis falls into the lower part of the incinerator for precooling and crushing to obtain waste salt particles.
The incinerator sequentially comprises an incineration area, a pre-cooling area and a discharging area from top to bottom, a porous plate is arranged between the incineration area and the pre-cooling area and used for placing the waste salt crystal grains, and after organic matters on the surfaces of the waste salt crystal grains are incinerated, waste salt crystal grain particles and part of melt flow down to the pre-cooling area from the porous plate;
a rotary part is arranged in the pre-cooling area, the rotary part is a hollow pipeline, and a cooling medium is introduced into the rotary part and used for cooling and crushing the incinerated substances;
and a discharge port is formed at the bottom of the discharge area and is connected with the dissolving and filtering tank.
Further optionally, the rotating member is a horizontally placed spiral pipe, two ends of the rotating member respectively penetrate through the side wall of the pre-cooling area, and mechanical seals are arranged at the penetrating positions and are respectively used for inputting and outputting cooling media; one end of the rotating part is connected with a driving device for driving the rotating part to rotate horizontally, so that substances falling onto the rotating part are cooled and smashed and then fall into a discharging area, and the problems of easy caking and blockage of the discharging cooling of the traditional incinerator are solved.
The cooling medium is selected from cooling water or cooling gas.
Optionally, the hot tail gas of the incinerator can be input into a waste heat boiler for fully utilizing the waste heat of the incinerator, the waste heat boiler is connected with the tail gas treatment device for treating the tail gas generated by the waste heat boiler, and finally the tail gas can be discharged up to the standard.
Optionally, in step S300, the waste salt particles are input into a dissolving and filtering tank, wherein inorganic salt components are dissolved in water, and inorganic carbon components formed by pyrolysis of organic matters are filtered and separated; and a solid waste outlet of the dissolving and filtering tank is connected with sludge dewatering equipment, sludge containing inorganic carbon is dewatered and subjected to reduction treatment, and finally the sludge is transported out for composting to realize recycling of organic matters in waste salt.
Optionally, in step S400, the solute of the solution in the dissolution filtration tank is an inorganic salt component of the waste salt, the inorganic salt solution is input into the neutralization tank, a feed inlet of the neutralization tank is connected in parallel with an alkali solution storage tank, and the alkali solution storage tank supplies alkali solution to the neutralization tank to neutralize and precipitate calcium and magnesium ions in the inorganic salt solution.
Further optionally, the lye storage tank provides a sodium hydroxide solution or a potassium hydroxide solution.
Optionally, step S500 includes the following steps:
(6) inputting the solution obtained in the step S400 into an ultrafiltration unit of a membrane separation unit to remove insoluble hydroxide, impurities and suspended matters;
(7) the water produced by the ultrafiltration unit is a mixed salt solution and is input into the nanofiltration unit, and the mixed salt solution is selectively separated, so that chlorine salt and sodium sulfate are mainly separated;
(8) the water produced by the nanofiltration unit is a chloride solution and is input into the first reverse osmosis unit for deep purification and separation; the water produced by the first reverse osmosis unit can be reused as reclaimed water, and the concentrated water produced by the first reverse osmosis unit is chloride concentrated water;
(9) inputting the concentrated water generated by the nanofiltration unit into a forward osmosis unit for further concentration, wherein the concentrated water generated by the forward osmosis unit is sulfate concentrated water;
(10) the water produced by the forward osmosis unit is input into a second reverse osmosis unit for separation and purification, and the concentrated water produced by the second reverse osmosis unit is input into the forward osmosis unit and is used as the drawing liquid of the forward osmosis unit; the produced water of the second reverse osmosis unit can be reused as reclaimed water and is input into a reuse water pool.
Optionally, in the step (7), the concentrated water generated by the ultrafiltration unit is input into the dissolution filtration tank, and the concentrated water containing the insoluble hydroxide, the impurities and the suspended matters is returned to the dissolution filtration tank for re-filtration.
Optionally, in the step (8), the produced water of the nanofiltration unit is firstly input into a nanofiltration water production tank, is subjected to standing sedimentation and adjustment, and then enters the first reverse osmosis unit. Preferably, the nanofiltration water production tank is connected with the nanofiltration unit and is used for taking water produced by the nanofiltration unit as cleaning water of the nanofiltration unit.
Optionally, in the step (10), the concentrated water generated by the second reverse osmosis unit is Na2SO4And the solution returns to the forward osmosis unit and is used as the draw solution of the forward osmosis unit, the concentration of the concentrated water generated by the nanofiltration unit is lower than that of the draw solution, the nanofiltration concentrated water is drawn by the concentrated water of the second reverse osmosis unit and then concentrated to obtain the forward osmosis concentrated solution, and the draw solution is diluted after being subjected to forward osmosis and is used as the produced water of the forward osmosis unit to return to the second reverse osmosis unit again for purification.
Further optionally, in the step (10), the reuse water tank is connected in parallel with the first reverse osmosis unit, the second reverse osmosis unit and the dissolving and filtering tank through pipelines, and the water produced by the second reverse osmosis unit is used as washing water of the reverse osmosis membrane or water supplemented by the dissolving and filtering tank, or is reused as reclaimed water.
In step S600, the concentrated chloride salt water mainly contains sodium chloride and potassium chloride, and is input into the first evaporative crystallization unit, and according to the difference that the solubility of NaCl and KCl varies with temperature, the solubility of NaCl increases slowly with the increase of temperature, and the solubility of potassium chloride increases more rapidly, so that pure NaCl crystals and KCl crystals are obtained by separation after evaporation and drying in the first evaporative crystallization unit.
In step S600, the concentrated sulfate water mainly contains sodium sulfate, and the concentrated sulfate water is conveyedTo a second evaporation crystallization unit, evaporating at high temperature, cooling and crystallizing to obtain Na2SO4And (4) crystals.
Optionally, the steam condensate of the first evaporative crystallization unit and the steam condensate of the second evaporative crystallization unit are both returned to the dissolution filtering tank, and water for the dissolution filtering tank is supplemented to dissolve the molten salt.
Optionally, the first evaporative crystallization unit and the second evaporative crystallization unit are multi-effect evaporative crystallizers or MVR evaporators.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a pretreatment tank;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of an incinerator;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the comprehensive treatment method of industrial waste salt.
In the attached figure, 1-a dissolving chamber, 2-a crystallizing chamber, 3-a gate, 4-a siphon, 5-an intermediate storage tank, 6-an incinerating area, 7-a pre-cooling area, 8-a discharging area, 9-a porous plate and 10-a rotating piece.
Detailed Description
The industrial waste salt treated by the following examples and comparative examples is derived from industrial waste salt generated by a bulk drug processing enterprise, and the composition of the industrial waste salt is as follows:
example 1
The embodiment provides a comprehensive treatment method of industrial waste salt, which comprises the following steps:
s100: heating and dissolving industrial waste salt in a common dissolving tank, separating non-polar organic matters, recrystallizing and granulating to obtain waste salt crystal grains with the grain diameter of 15-20mm, drying, and inputting into an incinerator;
step S100 specifically includes:
(1) dissolving industrial waste salt in a pretreatment tank, mechanically stirring and fully dissolving at normal temperature, and then standing and layering;
(2) the upper oil phase of the pretreatment tank is a nonpolar organic matter, and the upper oil phase is discharged into a sewage treatment plant for treatment;
the lower water phase of the pretreatment tank contains insoluble substances such as impurities and suspended substances of waste salt and salt which is insoluble at normal temperature;
(3) heating the lower water phase of the pretreatment tank, mechanically stirring until the insoluble salt is fully dissolved, then separating while hot, and separating impurities, suspended matters and the like of the waste salt from the waste salt solution to obtain a waste salt solution;
the step also can continuously release non-polar organic matters, and the non-polar organic matters are discharged into a sewage treatment plant for treatment;
(4) the waste salt solution is naturally cooled under mechanical stirring, and when the waste salt solution is cooled to room temperature, the waste salt solution is continuously cooled by using a cooling medium until no solid is separated out, so that waste salt crystal grains are obtained;
the mechanical stirring is 60-80 r/min, and the grain size of the waste salt grains is 15-20 mm;
the residual water phase can be used for dissolving industrial waste salt for the next time, and when the content of polar organic matters in the residual water phase is higher, the residual water phase is discharged into a sewage treatment plant for treatment;
(5) and (3) inputting the waste salt crystal grains into a dryer for drying, wherein the heat source of the dryer is the hot tail gas of the incinerator, and the tail gas of the dryer enters a tail gas treatment device for treatment.
S200: carrying out high-temperature pyrolysis on the waste salt crystal grains in a common incinerator to remove organic matters; cooling and crushing the waste salt after pyrolysis to obtain waste salt particles;
s300: inputting the waste salt particles into a dissolving and filtering tank for dissolving and filtering, wherein inorganic salt components are dissolved in water, and inorganic carbon components formed by pyrolysis of organic matters are filtered and separated to realize separation of the carbon salt;
s400: inputting the solution of the dissolving and filtering tank into a neutralization tank, and removing calcium hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide under the action of a sodium hydroxide solution;
s500: inputting the solution obtained in the step S400 into a nanofiltration unit of a membrane separation unit, and separating to obtain concentrated chloride water and concentrated sulfate water;
the water produced by the nanofiltration unit is concentrated chloride water, and the concentrated water produced by the nanofiltration unit is concentrated sulfate water;
s600: inputting the concentrated chloride salt water into a first evaporative crystallization unit, and crystallizing to recover chloride salt; inputting the concentrated sulfate water into a second evaporation crystallization unit, and crystallizing to recover sulfate;
the concentrated chloride salt water mainly contains sodium chloride and potassium chloride, and is input into a first evaporative crystallization unit, the solubility of NaCl is slowly increased along with the rise of temperature, and the solubility of potassium chloride is rapidly increased according to the different influences of the solubility of NaCl and KCl along with the change of temperature, so that pure NaCl crystals and KCl crystals are obtained through separation after evaporation and drying in the first evaporative crystallization unit;
the sulfate concentrated water mainly contains sodium sulfate, and is conveyed to a second evaporation crystallization unit to obtain Na after high-temperature evaporation, cooling and crystallization2SO4A crystal;
the first evaporative crystallization unit and the second evaporative crystallization unit are multi-effect evaporative crystallizers.
As shown in fig. 1, the pretreatment tank comprises a front part and a rear part which are respectively a dissolving chamber 1 and a crystallizing chamber 2, a lifting control gate 3 is arranged between the dissolving chamber 1 and the crystallizing chamber 2, when the gate 3 is lifted, liquid in the two chambers is separated, when the gate 3 is lowered, the solution in the dissolving chamber 1 and the solution in the crystallizing chamber 2 can be communicated with each other, and the gate 3 in an overflow form enables impurities, suspended matters and other insoluble substances at the lower part of the dissolving chamber 1 to be remained in the dissolving chamber 1;
a first stirring part and a second stirring part are respectively arranged in the dissolving chamber 1 and the crystallization chamber 2, and the dissolving chamber 1 is provided with a heating device; the first stirring part and the second stirring part are both common stirring devices;
the side wall of the dissolving chamber 1 is provided with a lifting siphon 4, and the tail end of the siphon 4 is connected with a waste water pipeline for discharging non-polar organic matters; the head end of the siphon 4 is provided with a lifting device which is convenient for adjusting the height of the siphon 4 according to the height of the oil phase in the dissolving chamber 1; the lifting device is a supporting seat driven by a hydraulic oil cylinder;
Comparative example 1
This comparative example provides the comprehensive treatment method of industrial waste salt, which is the same as example 1 except that step S100 specifically comprises: industrial waste salt is fed into a dryer through a feeder to be dried, the dried waste salt is fed into a waste salt conditioning tank to be granulated to obtain waste salt particles with the particle size of 15-20mm, and the waste salt particles are fed into an incinerator.
Example 2
This example provides the comprehensive treatment method of industrial waste salt, which is the same as example 1 except that in step (4), the mechanical stirring is 90-100 rpm, and the grain size of the waste salt grains is 5-15 mm. Continuously filtering waste salt crystal grains with the grain diameter of 5-15mm from a solution system in the processes of natural cooling and cooling of a cooling medium;
the second stirring part comprises a plurality of stirring paddles which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the stirring shaft, the stirring paddles can move up and down along the stirring shaft, the stirring paddles are in a strainer shape, the aperture of a filter screen of the stirring paddle is 5mm, and crystal particles with the particle size larger than 5mm are fished out while stirring; the stirring paddle can rotate, when the waste salt crystal grains are fished up and move to the upper part of the stirring shaft and are positioned above the liquid level, the stirring paddle rotates, the opening is downward, the crystal grains are poured on the conveying belt, and the conveying belt is connected with the homogenizing mixer.
An ultrasonic vibration plate is arranged in the dissolving chamber 1, and when the dissolving chamber is heated, waste salt is dissolved by ultrasonic promotion.
Example 3
This example provides the comprehensive treatment method of industrial waste salt, which is the same as example 2 except that in step S200, as shown in fig. 2, the waste salt crystal grains are pyrolyzed at high temperature in the upper part of the incinerator to remove organic matters; and the waste salt after pyrolysis falls into the lower part of the incinerator for precooling and crushing to obtain waste salt particles.
The incinerator sequentially comprises an incineration area 6, a pre-cooling area 7 and a discharging area 8 from top to bottom, wherein a porous plate 9 is arranged between the incineration area 6 and the pre-cooling area 7 and used for separating the two areas and allowing substances incinerated in the incineration area to enter the pre-cooling area 7 through the porous plate 9;
a rotary part 10 is arranged in the pre-cooling area, the rotary part 10 is a hollow pipeline, and a cooling medium is introduced into the rotary part 10 and used for cooling and crushing the incinerated substances;
and a discharge port is formed at the bottom of the discharge area and is connected with the dissolving and filtering tank.
The perforated plate 9 is also used for receiving the waste salt crystal grains, and when organic matters on the surface and in the waste salt crystal grains are incinerated, particles and part of melt of the waste salt crystal grains leak or flow down to the pre-cooling area from the perforated plate.
The rotary part is a horizontally placed spiral pipe fitting, two ends of the rotary part respectively penetrate through the side wall of the pre-cooling area, and mechanical seals are arranged at the penetrating positions and are respectively used for inputting and outputting cooling media; one end of the rotating piece is connected with a driving device and used for driving the rotating piece to rotate horizontally, so that the material on the rotating piece is cooled and smashed and then falls into a discharging area.
Because the perforated plate 9 is positioned in the incinerator and the temperature is basically the same as that of the incineration area, the melt of the waste salt crystal grains is basically not hardened on the perforated plate 9 and is cooled and crushed by the rotating piece 10 after leaking from the perforated plate 9, thereby relieving the problems of easy caking and blockage of the traditional incinerator in discharging and cooling.
The cooling medium is selected from cooling water or cooling gas.
Example 4
This example provides the method for comprehensively treating industrial waste salt, which is the same as example 3, except that step S500 includes the following steps:
(6) inputting the solution obtained in the step S400 into an ultrafiltration unit of a membrane separation unit to remove insoluble hydroxide, impurities and suspended matters;
(7) the water produced by the ultrafiltration unit is a mixed salt solution and is input into the nanofiltration unit, and the mixed salt solution is selectively separated, so that chlorine salt and sodium sulfate are mainly separated;
inputting the concentrated water generated by the ultrafiltration unit into a dissolving and filtering tank, and returning the concentrated water containing insoluble hydroxide, impurities and suspended matters to the dissolving and filtering tank for re-filtering;
(8) the water produced by the nanofiltration unit is a chloride solution and is input into the first reverse osmosis unit for deep purification and separation; the water produced by the first reverse osmosis unit can be reused as reclaimed water, and the concentrated water produced by the first reverse osmosis unit is chloride concentrated water;
(9) inputting the concentrated water generated by the nanofiltration unit into a forward osmosis unit for further concentration, wherein the concentrated water generated by the forward osmosis unit is sulfate concentrated water;
(10) the water produced by the forward osmosis unit is input into a second reverse osmosis unit for separation and purification, and the concentrated water produced by the second reverse osmosis unit is input into the forward osmosis unit and is used as the drawing liquid of the forward osmosis unit; the produced water of the second reverse osmosis unit can be reused as reclaimed water and is input into a reuse water pool;
the concentrated water generated by the second reverse osmosis unit is Na2SO4And the solution returns to the forward osmosis unit and is used as the draw solution of the forward osmosis unit, the concentration of the concentrated water generated by the nanofiltration unit is lower than that of the draw solution, the nanofiltration concentrated water is drawn by the concentrated water of the second reverse osmosis unit and then concentrated to obtain the forward osmosis concentrated solution, and the draw solution is diluted after being subjected to forward osmosis and is used as the produced water of the forward osmosis unit to return to the second reverse osmosis unit again for purification.
Example 5
The embodiment provides the method for comprehensively treating industrial waste salt, which is the same as embodiment 4, and as shown in fig. 3, the difference is that in step S100, hot tail gas of an incinerator is input into a waste heat boiler for fully utilizing waste heat of the incinerator, the waste heat boiler is connected with a tail gas treatment device to treat tail gas generated by the waste heat boiler, and finally the tail gas can reach the standard and be discharged;
in the step S300, a solid waste outlet of the dissolving and filtering tank is connected with sludge dewatering equipment, sludge containing inorganic carbon is dewatered and subjected to reduction treatment, and finally the sludge is transported to outside for composting to realize recycling of organic matters in waste salt;
in the step S400, a feed inlet of the neutralization tank is connected with an alkali liquor storage tank in parallel, the alkali liquor storage tank provides a sodium hydroxide solution for the neutralization tank, and calcium and magnesium ions in an inorganic salt solution are precipitated out;
in the step (10) of the step S500, the reuse water tank is connected in parallel with the first reverse osmosis unit, the second reverse osmosis unit and the dissolution filtration tank through pipelines, and the water produced by the second reverse osmosis unit is used as the cleaning water of the reverse osmosis membrane and the replenishing water of the dissolution filtration tank to be reused as the reclaimed water.
In step S600, the steam condensate of the first evaporative crystallization unit and the steam condensate of the second evaporative crystallization unit are both returned to the dissolution filtration tank, and water for the dissolution filtration tank is supplemented to dissolve the molten salt.
TABLE 1 incinerator energy consumption comparison table
| Energy consumption of incineratora | |
| Example 1 | 25 |
| Example 2 | 21 |
| Comparative example 1 | 38 |
and a is the energy consumption of the incinerator for treating 1 ton of industrial waste salt, and the unit is kJ.
As can be seen from the above table, the industrial waste salt comprehensive treatment method of the invention can significantly reduce the energy consumption of the incinerator by removing organic matters from the industrial waste salt, recrystallizing and granulating the industrial waste salt, has good heating performance and further reduces the energy consumption of the incinerator with proper grain size, and improves the treatment efficiency.
The scheme of embodiment 4 provides a more detailed membrane separation scheme, deep purification and separation are performed on waste salt, the obtained chloride and sulfate have higher purity, the recovery rates of sodium chloride, potassium chloride and sodium sulfate respectively reach 96%, 95% and 94%, and produced water and concentrated water generated by each part of the membrane separation unit can be fully utilized to generate reuse water, so that zero discharge of wastewater of the membrane separation unit is realized.
The scheme of the embodiment 5 is optimized, and the heat energy, the inorganic carbon sludge, the recycled water and the steam condensate of the evaporative crystallization unit of the whole system are better recovered.
Claims (10)
1. The comprehensive treatment method of the industrial waste salt is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s100: dissolving industrial waste salt, separating organic matters, recrystallizing and granulating, drying waste salt crystal grains, and inputting into an incinerator;
s200: carrying out high-temperature pyrolysis on the waste salt crystal grains in an incinerator to remove organic matters; cooling and crushing the waste salt after pyrolysis to obtain waste salt particles;
s300: inputting the waste salt particles into a dissolving and filtering tank, dissolving and filtering to realize the separation of the carbonate;
s400: inputting the solution of the dissolving and filtering tank into a neutralization tank, and removing insoluble hydroxide under the action of alkali liquor;
s500: inputting the solution obtained in the step S400 into a membrane separation unit, and separating to obtain chloride concentrated water and sulfate concentrated water;
s600: inputting the concentrated chloride salt water into a first evaporative crystallization unit, and crystallizing to recover chloride salt; and (4) inputting the concentrated sulfate water into a second evaporation crystallization unit, and crystallizing to recover sulfate.
2. The method for comprehensively treating industrial waste salt according to claim 1, wherein the step S100 specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving industrial waste salt in a pretreatment tank, mechanically stirring and fully dissolving at normal temperature, and then standing and layering;
(2) the upper oil phase of the pretreatment tank is a nonpolar organic matter, and the upper oil phase is discharged into a sewage treatment plant for treatment;
(3) heating the lower water phase of the pretreatment tank, mechanically stirring until the insoluble salt is fully dissolved, and then separating while the solution is hot to obtain a waste salt solution;
(4) the waste salt solution is naturally cooled under mechanical stirring, and when the waste salt solution is cooled to room temperature, the waste salt solution is continuously cooled by using a cooling medium until no solid is separated out, so that waste salt crystal grains are obtained;
(5) and (3) inputting the waste salt crystal grains into a dryer for drying, wherein the heat source of the dryer is the hot tail gas of the incinerator, and the tail gas of the dryer enters a tail gas treatment device for treatment.
3. The comprehensive treatment method of industrial waste salt according to claim 2, wherein the pretreatment tank comprises a front part and a rear part which are a dissolution chamber and a crystallization chamber respectively, and a lifting control gate is arranged between the dissolution chamber and the crystallization chamber;
the dissolving chamber and the crystallization chamber are respectively provided with a first stirring part and a second stirring part, and the dissolving chamber is provided with a heating device;
the side wall of the dissolving chamber is provided with a lifting siphon, and the tail end of the siphon is connected with a waste water pipeline for discharging the nonpolar organic matters.
4. The comprehensive treatment method of industrial waste salt according to claim 3, wherein the second stirring part comprises a plurality of stirring paddles, the stirring paddles are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the stirring shaft and can move up and down along the stirring shaft, the stirring paddles are in a strainer shape, the aperture of a filter screen of the stirring paddle is 5mm, and waste salt crystal grains with the grain size larger than 5mm are fished out while stirring;
the stirring paddle can rotate, when the waste salt crystal grains are fished up and move to the upper part of the stirring shaft and are above the liquid level, the stirring paddle rotates, the opening is downward, the crystal grains are poured on the conveying belt, and the conveying belt is connected with the dryer.
5. The comprehensive treatment method of industrial waste salt as claimed in claim 3, wherein the liquid outlet of the crystallization chamber is connected with an intermediate storage tank, and the intermediate storage tank is connected with the liquid inlet of the dissolution chamber, so that the dissolution chamber and the crystallization chamber of the pretreatment tank can be operated continuously.
6. The comprehensive treatment method of industrial waste salt as claimed in claim 1, wherein the incinerator comprises an incineration zone, a pre-cooling zone and a discharge zone in sequence from top to bottom, a porous plate is arranged between the incineration zone and the pre-cooling zone and used for placing the waste salt crystal grains, and after organic matters on the surfaces of the waste salt crystal grains are incinerated, waste salt crystal grain particles and part of melt flow down or flow down to the pre-cooling zone from the porous plate;
a rotary part is arranged in the pre-cooling area, the rotary part is a hollow pipeline, and a cooling medium is introduced into the rotary part and used for cooling and crushing the incinerated substances;
and a discharge port is formed at the bottom of the discharge area and is connected with the dissolving and filtering tank.
7. The comprehensive treatment method of industrial waste salt according to claim 6, wherein the rotating member is a horizontally placed spiral pipe, two ends of the rotating member respectively penetrate through the side wall of the pre-cooling zone, and mechanical seals are arranged at the penetration part and are respectively used for inputting and outputting a cooling medium; one end of the rotating piece is connected with a driving device and used for driving the rotating piece to rotate horizontally, and cooling and smashing the substances falling onto the rotating piece.
8. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S300, the waste salt particles are fed into a dissolving and filtering tank, wherein inorganic salt components are dissolved in water, and inorganic carbon components formed by pyrolysis of organic matters are filtered and separated;
and a solid waste outlet of the dissolving and filtering tank is connected with sludge dewatering equipment, sludge containing inorganic carbon is dewatered and subjected to reduction treatment, and finally the sludge is transported to outside for composting.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein step S500 comprises the steps of:
(6) inputting the solution obtained in the step S300 into an ultrafiltration unit of a membrane separation unit to remove insoluble hydroxide, impurities and suspended matters;
(7) the water produced by the ultrafiltration unit is a mixed salt solution and is input into the nanofiltration unit, and the mixed salt solution is selectively separated, so that chlorine salt and sodium sulfate are mainly separated;
(8) the produced water of the nanofiltration unit is a chloride solution and is input into a first reverse osmosis unit for deep purification and separation; the water produced by the first reverse osmosis unit can be reused as reclaimed water, and the concentrated water produced by the first reverse osmosis unit is chloride concentrated water;
(9) inputting the concentrated water generated by the nanofiltration unit into a forward osmosis unit for further concentration, wherein the concentrated water generated by the forward osmosis unit is sulfate concentrated water;
(10) the water produced by the forward osmosis unit is input into a second reverse osmosis unit for separation and purification, and the concentrated water produced by the second reverse osmosis unit is input into the forward osmosis unit and is used as the drawing liquid of the forward osmosis unit; the produced water of the second reverse osmosis unit can be reused as reclaimed water and is input into a reuse water pool.
10. The comprehensive treatment method of industrial waste salt according to claim 9, wherein in the step (7), the concentrated water generated by the ultrafiltration unit is fed into the dissolution filtering tank, and the concentrated water containing the insoluble hydroxide, the impurities and the suspended matters is returned to the dissolution filtering tank for re-filtration;
in the step (8), the produced water of the nanofiltration unit is firstly input into a nanofiltration water producing tank, is subjected to standing sedimentation and adjustment, and then enters a first reverse osmosis unit;
in the step (10), the step (c),the concentrated water generated by the second reverse osmosis unit is Na2SO4And the solution returns to the forward osmosis unit and is used as the draw solution of the forward osmosis unit, the concentration of the concentrated water generated by the nanofiltration unit is lower than that of the draw solution, the nanofiltration concentrated water is drawn by the concentrated water of the second reverse osmosis unit and then concentrated to obtain the forward osmosis concentrated solution, and the draw solution is diluted after being subjected to forward osmosis and is used as the produced water of the forward osmosis unit to return to the second reverse osmosis unit again for purification.
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