CN114365749B - Composition for preventing and treating black rot and black shank of tobacco root and improving character and quality - Google Patents
Composition for preventing and treating black rot and black shank of tobacco root and improving character and quality Download PDFInfo
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- A01N37/44—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a nitrogen atom attached to the same carbon skeleton by a single or double bond, this nitrogen atom not being a member of a derivative or of a thio analogue of a carboxylic group, e.g. amino-carboxylic acids
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Abstract
The invention provides a composition for preventing and treating tobacco root black rot and black shank and improving characters and quality, which comprises bacillus amyloliquefaciens cd5bc, streptomyces oxysporum WS-29246 and frost-methyl manganese zinc; the preservation number of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens cd5bc is CCTCC NO: M2016232; the preservation number of the streptomyces oxysporum WS-29246 is CCTCC NO: M2012413. The invention can achieve the control effect of more than 90% aiming at the tobacco black shank and the tobacco root black rot, and overcomes the technical problem of low control effect of the conventional biological control method; the dosage of the first frost, manganese and zinc can be very low, and the harm to soil and environment is small; the invention can effectively reduce the cadmium accumulation in the tobacco, effectively reduce the lysine in the tobacco, improve the quality of the tobacco and reduce the harm to human bodies, and has good application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture, relates to a tobacco planting technology, and particularly relates to a technology for preventing and treating tobacco root black rot and black shank and improving tobacco characters and tobacco related substance content.
Background
Root rot in tobacco production [1] And black shank [2] Is a serious soil-borne disease and has been highly concerned by researchers. The root black rot and the black shank mainly occur in Yunnan, guizhou, hubei, hunan, sichuan and other places in China, the incidence rate of the root black rot and the black shank for seriously ill fields can reach more than 30 percent, and the harm of the root black rot and the black shank is increased year by year if the root black rot and the black shank are not controlled.
Root black rot is caused by rhizomatoid moniliforme: (Thielaviopsis basicola) Cause the bacteria thereofThe tobacco leaves are colorless in the early stage, brown and branched, and can suffer from black root rot from seedling stage to adult stage, and the black root rot has great influence on the yield and quality of tobacco [3] . The black shank is caused by phytophthora nicotianae, can be attacked in seedling stage and field stage, and is easier to attack under the conditions of long continuous cropping annual limit and excessive concentration of varieties of tobaccos [4] 。
At present, the control methods for epidemic diseases including root black rot and black shank can be divided into chemical control methods, biological control methods, soil control methods, botanical drug control methods, and comprehensive control methods combining various methods.
The chemical prevention method is to use chemical agents to block pathogenic bacteria infection or inhibit and kill pathogenic bacteria. Common chemical agents for root rot include thiram, thiophanate methyl, and nail cream
Manganese, zinc, carbendazim, etc [5] The common chemical agents for the black shank comprise fluocinolone acetonide, thiophanate methyl, dimethomorph, azoxystrobin, methoprene, manganese zinc and the like [6] . However, although the chemical control method has good and quick effect, the long-term use of high dose is not beneficial to agricultural development, and has important influence on soil, environment, animals and human beings.
The soil control method is to improve soil or to plant crops using special soil. Generally, researchers believe that the incidence of root black rot is lower when the pH of the soil is lower [7] This may be related to pH effects on the distribution and activity of antagonistic microorganisms and pathogens in the soil [8] . In addition to adjusting physical properties such as pH of soil, researchers mainly use drugs [9] Or a microorganism [10] The soil is treated to a level suitable for reducing morbidity.
The botanical drug control method is more and more favored by people because of better environmental protection property, although it still uses drugs for control than the generally recognized chemical control method. Chinese patent (publication No. CN 106804632A) obtains a plant source fertilizer capable of preventing and treating tobacco black shank by fermenting a plurality of traditional Chinese medicinal materials.
Among all control methods, currently, the biological control method is generally considered to have a better prospect, and the method mainly utilizes exogenous microorganisms as fertilizers, can avoid the problem of '3R' caused by high-dose application of chemical agents, and is a green and environment-friendly method. About the current situation of biological control of black shank and black root rot, luo Yunyan [11] And Peng Haiying [12] All of which are discussed in greater detail in the Master thesis. At present, the biological control microorganisms which are often selected mainly include bacillus, pseudomonas and azotobacter. For example, liu Jianjin et al [13] The bacillus amyloliquefaciens YN48 strain is adopted as a biocontrol bacterium, so that a good effect is achieved in the aspect of preventing and treating the tobacco black shank; yi Long et al [14] The spore strain R27 is separated by the people, can well inhibit the growth and pathogenicity of hypha of the black rot of tobacco roots, and is close to the control effects of carbendazim and thiophanate methyl in the aspects of the morbidity and the disease index of tobacco seedlings; zhang Mengmeng et al [15] Stenotrophomonas maltophilia YCYM-04 and Bacillus belgii YCYM-09 are separated, and the control effect of the two strains on tobacco black shank is more than 50%; luo Yuying et al [16] Two strains of bacillus amyloliquefaciens and one strain of bacillus subtilis are screened, and the control effect on the tobacco black shank reaches 60.2 to 70.1 percent; in Chinese patent CN108135178A, the agricultural biological community of America, inc. in the United states screened a Bacillus subtilis AIP61892 which has control efficacy on a plurality of pathogens.
In the above-exemplified biological control method, a strain having a control efficacy is mainly screened in a large amount or discovered by chance, which causes difficulties in finding the corresponding strain, thereby making the research of the biological control method slow. In fact, although the existing strains with control effects on black rot and black shank are mainly concentrated in a few genera such as bacillus, pseudomonas and azotobacter, the strains with control effects are found to be no different from canhai millet compared with the total amount of the strains in the genera, and the difficulty is great when seeking new strains with control effects from the known strains in the genera. In the prior art, the discovery of new strains is generally to discover soil with a low incidence rate, then to perform a large amount of strain screening work aiming at the soil, and to perform a large amount of detailed microorganism experiments, and finally to determine whether the strains obtained by corresponding separation have the control efficacy.
In addition to the prevention and treatment of epidemic diseases by using a single strain, in the field of biological control, a method of combining a plurality of strains is usually adopted, for example, liu Chang et al [17] The method comprises the steps of enabling pseudomonas to be matched with trichoderma viride, enabling bacillus to be matched with trichoderma harzianum, and enabling the bacillus to be matched with trichoderma harzianum
The control of the fusarium root rot of the tobacco and the improvement of the agronomic traits achieve better effects, but the control may be in the reason of confidentiality, and the report does not disclose specific information of related strains; li Miaomiao et al [18] In order to solve the problem of unstable control effect of a single strain, a large number of tests are carried out to screen out Bacillus belgii GY1, bacillus amyloliquefaciens GY10 and Bacillus subtilis GY12, and the Bacillus belgii GY1, the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens GY10 and the Bacillus subtilis GY12 are mixed, so that the potted plant control effect reaches 74.53%.
In addition to the combination of multiple strains, some researchers have also studied the control effect of combining specific microorganisms and chemicals in the field of tobacco blight. Such as Liu Jianjin [19] The combination of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens YN48 with flumetralin, ethyl aluminum, refined methyl frost and manganese zinc is considered to have better control effect. However, the combination of microorganisms and drugs often results in reduced control, probably because chemical drugs are highly inhibitory to the growth of microorganisms or antagonistic to microbial metabolites, such as Xu Yuru [20] The control effect is greatly reduced after the addition of the methyl frost, manganese and zinc on the basis of trichoderma.
However, while biological control methods have advantages over existing methods, the control obtained by biological control methods is generally low relative to chemical control. Such as Yang Qing [21] The investigation on 5 common chemical agents can achieve the control effect on the black shank of more than 70 percent, but the biological control method is difficult to obtain 70 percentThe control effect of the above control effect is close to or slightly over 70 percent of that of only a few biocontrol bacteria. Meanwhile, as mentioned above, the biocontrol bacteria are not easily obtained, and a large amount of screening work is required.
In addition, the control of tobacco quality, such as reducing heavy metal absorption, controlling the content of corresponding amino acid, etc., often depends on tedious cultivation system or chemical agent [22] The microorganisms are easily inhibited by chemical agents, so that the method for preventing and treating the tobacco epidemic diseases by utilizing the microorganisms has obvious defects that the epidemic diseases can be prevented generally, but the quality of the tobacco is difficult to further improve.
In summary, there is a need in the art to provide a biological control technology with high control efficiency, which can improve the growth traits of tobacco and improve the quality of tobacco, aiming at the disadvantages faced by the existing biological control methods.
Reference in this section:
[1] while passing molecular identification and pathogenicity analysis of Nicotiana tabacum (L.) of Henan province [ J ] tobacco technology, 2017, 50 (3): 7.
[2] Luo Yingping occurrence and comprehensive control of tobacco black shank [ J ] southern agriculture 2018, 12 (35): 2.
[3] Zhao Wenjun, yang Jizhou, feng Yu, et al.
[4] Zhao Hui, wang Xiying, liu Guoquan, tan Zhiyong tobacco black shank genesis factor and comprehensive control research progress [ J ]. Hunan agricultural science, 2020 (11): 5.
[5] Song Yujuan growth promoting and disease resisting effects of Trichoderma asperellum T-6 on tobacco [ D ] Shandong university of agriculture, 2019.
[6] Yang Qing, the control effect of different medicaments on tobacco black shank is compared and analyzed, J, henan agriculture, 2019 (11): 3.
[7]Doran W L．Relation of the adjustment of soil reaction to black root rot of tobacco.Science,1927,66：661~662.
[8]Kaufmann D DWilliams L E∙Effect of mineral fertilization and soil reaction on soil fungi.Phytopathology,1964,54：134~139.
[9] Huangshiwang, wang Xichun, zhou Yu, etc. research [ J ] on prevention and control effect of soil fumigation on tobacco soil-borne diseases 4736 Zxft, hunan agricultural science 2021 (11): 59-61.
[10] Xia Zhenyuan, gu Yilin, zhang Hongyue, et al, research on the improvement of soil biological properties and the control of tobacco black shank using complex microbial preparations [ J ] chinese soil and fertilizer, 2021 (1).
[11] Luo Yunyan screening, identification and biological prevention and treatment research of rhizosphere antagonistic bacteria of tobacco root black rot [ D ]. Northwest university of agriculture and forestry science 2021.
[12] Peng Haiying biological control technology research of tobacco black shank and root black rot [ D ] Shandong university of agriculture 2020.
[13] Liu Jianjin, liu Ziyi, luoshan, et al, biocontrol bacteria YN48 was used for early prevention and control of tobacco black shank [ J ]. Jiangxi agricultural Proc., 2019, 31 (4): 4.
[14] Yilong, xiao Chong gang, ma Guanhua, screening of antagonistic spore strains for preventing and treating tobacco root black rot [ J ]. Plant pathology reports 2011, 41 (3): 4.
[15] Zhang Mengmeng, liang Junyang, wang Qingfu, duyafei, zhang Jie, liu Qianjin, pabo, peng Jianfei, identification and prevention effect determination of tobacco black shank biocontrol bacteria [ J/OL ]. Proceedings of Henan university of agriculture: 1-13[2022-01-05].
[16] Luo Yuying, peng Lijuan, ding Jilin, and the like, screening of tobacco black shank biocontrol bacillus and field control effect thereof [ J ] Guizhou agricultural science, 2019, 47 (1): 6.
[17] Liu Chang, yao Chen, li Xiaojie and the like, the control effect of the composite biological control microbial inoculum on the root and stem diseases of tobacco in the field [ J ] tobacco science and technology.
[18] Li Miaomiao, wang Fenglong, wang Xiaojiang, and the like, the research on the control effect of the biocontrol bacterium composite on the tobacco black shank [ J ] Chinese tobacco science 2020, 41 (2): 7.
[19] Liu Jianjin, liu Ziyi, wang Xuejian, et al, bacillus amyloliquefaciens YN48 in combination with a bactericide for the control of tobacco black shank research [ J ]. Proceedings of Yunnan university of agriculture: nature science edition 2020,35 (2): 6.
[20] Xu Yuru, yangshaoxing Wang Zhengyuan, and the like, the control effect of different agents on tobacco black shank [ J ] Liaoning agricultural science, 2021 (5): 5.
[21] Yang Qing, the control effect of different medicaments on tobacco black shank is compared and analyzed, J, henan agriculture, 2019 (11): 3.
[22] Huang Zhenrui, lin Adian, li Jiqin, ma Zhuwen and Li Shuling. The synergistic effect of nanoampere and humic acid for promoting the growth of flue-cured tobacco and reducing the cadmium pollution of tobacco leaves [ J ]. Southern agricultural science, 2021,52 (02): 429-438.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the drawbacks and practical needs of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a composition that solves the following disadvantages of the prior art: (1) The problem that the control effect of the existing biological control method is too low for tobacco black shank and root black rot is solved; (2) The problem that the growth character of the tobacco is difficult to improve under the condition of low control effect is solved; (3) Solves the problem that the content of heavy metal and related amino acid in tobacco can not be effectively improved by the existing biological control method.
On the basis, the invention specifically aims to provide a composition which has the control effect on tobacco black shank and tobacco root black rot of more than 90 percent, effectively improves the growth characteristics of tobacco, obviously reduces the content of tobacco septal content and the content of lysine in tobacco and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a composition for preventing and treating tobacco root black rot and black shank and improving characters comprises bacillus amyloliquefaciens cd5bc, streptomyces oxysporum WS-29246 and methylosinus manganese zinc.
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens cd5bc is disclosed in Chinese patent of A strain of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens cd5bc and application thereof (publication No. CN 105907683A), with the preservation number of CCTCC NO: M2016232, and is used for preventing and treating pathogenic bacteria of capsicum sclerotium disease, bitter melon fusarium wilt, cucumber fusarium wilt, brown spot, rice blast, rice sheath blight, broad bean red spot, broad bean brown spot, broad bean red spot and broad bean brown spot. Streptomyces oxysporus WS-29246 is published in Chinese patent of Streptomyces oxysporus and application thereof in preventing and treating clubroot of cruciferae, and the preservation number is CCTCC NO: M2012413, and the Streptomyces oxysporus is used for preventing and treating clubroot of cruciferae in the patent.
As shown in a test example of the invention, the invention unexpectedly discovers that after the bacillus amyloliquefaciens cd5bc, the streptomyces oxysporum WS-29246 and the methyl frost-manganese zinc are combined, the bacillus amyloliquefaciens has remarkable control effect on the tobacco black shank and the tobacco black root rot, and the dosage of the methyl frost-manganese zinc can be extremely low. This unexpected result was discovered by the inventors in their work to try to utilize whether Streptomyces oxysporum has a preventive effect against related blight of tobacco. To the present knowledge of the inventors, there is no report in the prior art on the use of Streptomyces oxysporum for the control of tobacco-related blight.
Encouraged by the unexpected discovery, the inventor researches the combination of Streptomyces oxysporum WS-29246 and some other reported strains with control efficacy on tobacco black shank and black root rot and cream-methyl manganese zinc, and examines the control effect of the combination on the tobacco black shank and the black root rot. Unfortunately, however, although selected strains have been reported to have control efficacy, the control efficacy after combination is very limited. The inventors speculate that this may be due to antagonism between strains or inhibition of the drug against the selected strains, and confirmed this by the present invention through test examples 3 and 4.
As shown in the embodiment of the invention, in the research process, the composition not only has good control effect on tobacco black shank and black root rot, but also can well improve the agronomic characters of tobacco. Particularly unexpectedly, when the inventor detects the related content in the tobacco, the composition of the invention is also found to effectively reduce the accumulation of heavy metal cadmium and reduce the content of lysine.
The research of screening special strains to reduce heavy metal accumulation is still in the preliminary stage at present, and related reports are few. Many studies have been made mainly on the basis of specific strains to regulate the pH in the soil to alter the absorption of heavy metals by crops, such as Wang Xin [23] Screening out an alcaligenes Bacillus XT-4 which can obviously increase the pH value of rhizosphere soil and lead CaCl in the soil 2 The content of the extracted cadmium is reduced, so that the content of heavy metal Cd on the overground part of the pakchoi is reduced; lake is also reported based on the same principleMaster thesis of Xu Hong of southern industry university [24] . There have been studies on the regulation of heavy metal content in crops by screening heavy metal-immobilized bacteria and reducing their availability and migratory capacity in soil, such as Sun Leni [25] A technology of cadmium tolerance immobilized bacteria Pseudomonas sp.YM 4 in inhibiting and controlling wheat cadmium absorption is reported.
However, the composition of the present invention cannot significantly increase the pH of soil through experiments, and whether the composition of the present invention can produce effects similar to those of heavy metal-immobilized bacteria remains to be further studied.
The content of amino acids in tobacco is influenced by variety, region, different parts and cultivation measures, and the content is Zhao Tian Master thesis "influence of different cultivation and modulation measures on amino acid content of burley tobacco and flue-cured tobacco [26] Is described in detail in (1). At present, the reports of using microorganisms to regulate lysine in tobacco are few, and the regulation is mainly carried out by changing cultivation and baking modes and modifying genes, for example, chinese patent "cultivation and baking method for reducing lysine content in flue-cured tobacco" (CN 109804879A) and article Wang Yiqun "improvement of lysine content in transgenic tobacco" (improvement of lysine content in transgenic tobacco) [27] . As shown in the embodiment of the invention, the lysine in the tobacco can be effectively reduced, so that the ammonia in the tobacco can be reduced, and the damage of the tobacco to human bodies can be reduced. Since the research of regulating and controlling specific amino acids in tobacco by using microorganisms has not been carried out on a large scale, the theoretical mechanism in the aspect needs to be further investigated.
As an alternative embodiment of the invention, the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens cd5bc and Streptomyces oxysporum WS-29246 are added in the form of a fermentation broth; the cream-a-methyl and manganese-zinc wettable powder is 72 percent of cream-a-methyl and manganese-zinc wettable powder.
The 72% wettable powder of methyl-frost manganese-zinc is also called 72% wettable powder of methyl-frost manganese-zinc and 72% wettable powder of methyl-frost manganese-zinc, and is a product under HG/T4946-2016 standard.
Preferably, the bacterial concentration in the fermentation liquor of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens cd5bc is 1 × 10 6 cfu/mL~1×10 7 cfu/mL; the tip spore chainThe concentration of the fungus in the fermentation liquor of the mould WS-29246 is 1 multiplied by 10 6 cfu/mL~1×10 7 cfu/mL。
Preferably, the cream A and the manganese zinc are 1000-5000 times of a diluent of 72% wettable powder of the cream A and the manganese zinc.
Preferably, the cream-methyl manganese-zinc is 5000 times of diluent of 72% cream-methyl manganese-zinc wettable powder.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the composition consists of bacillus amyloliquefaciens cd5bc, streptomyces oxysporum WS-29246 and frost-a-methyl manganese-zinc according to the proportion of (10 to 30) to (10 to 20) to 1 in volume ratio. More preferably, said composition consists, in volume ratios, of bacillus amyloliquefaciens cd5bc, streptomyces oxysporum WS-29246 and metalaxyl manganese zinc in a ratio of 15.
As an alternative embodiment of the invention, the Streptomyces oxysporus WS-29246 fermentation broth is obtained by inoculating Streptomyces oxysporus WS-29246 and fermenting, and the components of the used culture medium are as follows: 100g of cane sugar, 10g of glucose, 0.1g of casamino acid, 5g of yeast extract powder, 21g of propionic acid 2 SO 4 0.25g，MgCl 2 ·6H 2 O10 g, trace elements 1mL, water 1000mL, pH =7.0; wherein the microelement formula is MnSO 4 ·7H 2 O 100mg，CuSO 4 ·7H 2 O 50mg，ZnSO 4 ·7H 2 O 100mg，CoCl 2 100mg and 100mL of purified water; the bacillus amyloliquefaciens cd5bc fermentation broth is obtained by inoculating bacillus amyloliquefaciens cd5bc and fermenting, and the used culture medium is LB culture medium.
The preparation method of the composition provided by the invention comprises the following steps: mixing the above components uniformly.
The invention provides application of the composition in preventing and treating tobacco root black rot and black shank.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention can achieve the control effect of more than 90% aiming at the tobacco black shank and the tobacco root black rot, and overcomes the technical problem of low control effect of the conventional biological control method; the dosage of the first frost, manganese and zinc can be very low, and the harm to soil and environment is small.
2. The method can effectively reduce the cadmium accumulation in the tobacco, improve the quality of the tobacco and enlarge the planting range of the tobacco.
3. The invention can effectively reduce lysine in tobacco, reduce ammonia in tobacco and reduce the damage of tobacco to human body.
References in this section:
[23] wang Xin. Screening, identification and prevention of vegetable cadmium accumulation effect of Alcaligenes Bacillus XT-4. Nanjing university of agriculture, 2019.
[24] Xu Hong influence and mechanism of the alkaline-producing microbial complex inoculant on cadmium accumulation in rice are explored [ D ]. Hunan university of industry, 2021.
[25] Sun Leni, guo Yingxue, hou Xueting, zhuang Jie, yang Zhangze, chen Zhaojin, tian Wei screening of cadmium tolerant fixed bacteria and their effect of inhibiting cadmium absorption in different varieties of wheat [ J ] agroenvironmental science proceedings, 2020,39 (09): 1878-1887.
[26] Zhao Tian. Influence of different cultivation and conditioning measures on amino acid content of burley and flue-cured tobacco [ D ]. University of agriculture, he nan, 2012.
[27] Wang Yiqun, zheng Jingui, xie Baogui increase of lysine content in transgenic tobacco [ J ] application and environmental biology report, 2005 (01): 32-35.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail below by way of examples, and it should be noted that the following examples are only for illustrating the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
In each of the examples and test examples of the present invention, the strains used were purchased commercially or given away, and the present invention does not relate to screening of new strains.
Example 1
1. Raw materials
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens cd5bc with the preservation number of CCTCC NO of M2016232 sold in the market;
streptomyces oxysporus WS-29246 with preservation number of CCTCC NO: M2012413, commercially available;
72 percent of a wettable powder of methyl cream and manganese zinc, fuda agriculture and chemical company of Jiangsu province, jiangyin city;
LB medium: self-preparation in a laboratory;
streptomyces oxysporum WS-29246 culture medium, laboratory self-prepared: 100g of cane sugar, 10g of glucose, 0.1g of casamino acid, 5g of yeast extract powder, 21g of propionic acid 2 SO 4 0.25g，MgCl 2 ·6H 2 O10 g, trace elements 1mL, water 1000mL, pH =7.0; wherein the microelement formula is MnSO 4 ·7H 2 O 100mg，CuSO 4 ·7H 2 O 50mg，ZnSO 4 ·7H 2 O 100mg，CoCl 2 100mg and 100mL of purified water;
test soil: disease-free soil in tobacco planting field
Tobacco seedling: yunyan 87, owned by the laboratory.
2. Potted plant control effect experiment
The CD5bc fermentation liquor (bacterial concentration 1X 10) of bacillus amyloliquefaciens is prepared 6 cfu/mL), streptomyces oxysporus WS-29246 fermentation broth (bacterial concentration 1X 10) 6 cfu/mL) and 72% methyloxathite-manganin wettable powder (diluted by 5000 times of water) are mixed according to the volume ratio of 1; after the tobacco seedlings are transplanted for 40 days, the tobacco seedlings are divided into two groups, each plant in the two groups is irrigated with 20mL of mixed medicament, one group is inoculated with phytophthora nicotianae after 5 days, and the other group is inoculated with tobacco root rot, and the disease occurrence condition is investigated according to the standard GB/T23222-2008.
Through detection, the prevention effect of the experiment on the tobacco black shank reaches 91.3%, and the prevention effect on the tobacco root black rot reaches 90.7%. The control effect of the invention exceeds the medicament composition (CN 108633913B) provided by Chinese patent which depends on chemical medicament and is applied in 2018, and the breakthrough of controlling the tobacco black shank and the tobacco black root rot by using microorganisms in the control effect aspect is realized.
On the basis, the cd5bc fermentation liquor (bacterial concentration is 1 multiplied by 10) of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens 6 cfu/mL), streptomyces oxysporus WS-29246 fermentation broth (bacterial concentration 1X 10) 6 cfu/mL) and 72% AAfter conditioning the cream-manganese-zinc wettable powder (diluted 5000 times with water) to 3.
TABLE 1
On the basis of the above, the 72% wettable powders of methyl cream and manganese zinc were adjusted to 1000 times, 2000 times, 3000 times and 4000 times, respectively, and the same experiments were carried out under the same conditions, and the results were respectively set as experiment group 4, experiment group 5, experiment group 6 and experiment group 7, and are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2
3. Agronomic trait experiment of potted plant
After sowing, mixed medicament (bacillus amyloliquefaciens cd5bc fermentation liquor (bacterial concentration 1X 10) in 1 pot control effect experiment of root irrigation respectively after thinning, first leaf cutting and second leaf cutting 6 cfu/mL), streptomyces oxysporus WS-29246 fermentation broth (bacterial concentration 1X 10) 6 cfu/mL) and 72% methyloxanil-mancozeb wettable powder (diluted 5000 times with water) were mixed according to a volume ratio of 1. The potting soil is not inoculated with tobacco root black rot and tobacco phytophthora. The stem height, stem circumference and seedling uniformity were investigated at the heart stage of 5 leaves and 1 in tobacco seedlings, and the results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3
As shown in Table 3, the present invention can effectively improve the agronomic characteristics of tobacco.
4. Lysine content investigation experiment
While the experiment of the agricultural character of the potted plant is carried out, the lysine content in the experimental group and the control group is also considered. The method for measuring the content of lysine comprises the following steps: 10g of leaf was taken from each plant and analyzed by amino acid assay, the percentage of lysine = the lysine content of the sample ÷ the total amino acid content in the sample. The results are shown in FIG. 4.
TABLE 4
As can be seen from Table 4, the lysine content in tobacco can be remarkably increased.
5. Cadmium reduction experiment
Cadmium is added into the tested soil until the content of cadmium in an effective state in the soil is measured to be 3.8 mg/kg by a method in GB/T17141-1997, the test is carried out according to the potted agronomic characters, and the cadmium content in the lower leaves, the middle leaves and the upper leaves is examined, and the result is shown in Table 5.
TABLE 5
As can be seen from Table 5, the present invention significantly reduces the cadmium content in tobacco.
The following test examples are provided to illustrate the procedure for obtaining the compositions according to the invention.
Test example 1
Raw materials:
the bacillus amyloliquefaciens cd5bc fermentation broth and the streptomyces oxysporum WS-29246 are obtained by liquid culture fermentation of bacillus amyloliquefaciens cd5bc and streptomyces oxysporum WS-29246 strains;
the 72% wettable powder of the cream-methyl and the manganese zinc is obtained by the market;
tobacco seedling: yunyan 87, owned by the laboratory;
the tobacco root black rot and tobacco phytophthora are owned by the laboratory.
Potted plant control effect test: bacillus amyloliquefacienscd5bc fermentation liquor (bacterial concentration 1X 10) 6 cfu/mL), streptomyces oxysporus WS-29246 fermentation broth (bacterial concentration 1X 10) 6 cfu/mL) and 72% methyloxanil-manganese-zinc wettable powder (diluted by adding 5000 times of water) are mixed according to the volume ratio of 1; after 40 days of tobacco seedling transplantation, the tobacco seedlings are divided into two groups, each plant in the two groups is irrigated with 20mL of mixed medicament, one group is inoculated with phytophthora nicotianae and the other group is inoculated with the tobacco root rot pathogen after 5 days, and the disease incidence condition is investigated according to the standard GB/T23222-2008.
Through detection, the control effect of the test on the tobacco black shank reaches 91.3%, and the control effect on the tobacco root black rot reaches 90.7%.
Test example 2
The test 1 is one of test schemes randomly carried out by the inventor in the process of determining whether the streptomyces aculeatus has the control effect on the tobacco blight. Inspired by the results of the test 1, the inventor investigates the combination of the streptomyces oxysporum WS-29246 and other bacillus amyloliquefaciens reported to have good control effect, and refers to the method of the test 1 to investigate the effects of different combinations in the control aspects of tobacco black shank and tobacco root black rot.
The strain source is as follows:
bacillus amyloliquefaciens YN48 purchased from the research center of microbial fermentation engineering of Yunnan province, co., ltd;
bacillus amyloliquefaciens X60 with the preservation number of CCTCC M2013375 sold in the market;
bacillus amyloliquefaciens GUMT319 with the preservation number of CCTCC NO: m2018872, commercially available.
Referring to test example 1, fermentation broths (OD) of the above three strains 600 = 0.3), 1, and streptomyces oxysporum WS-29246 fermentation broth (OD) in a volume ratio of 1 600 = 0.3) and 72% wettable powder of methyl cream and manganese zinc (1000-fold dilution) to obtain mixed agents which are respectively named as a bacillus amyloliquefaciens YN48 scheme (scheme one), a bacillus amyloliquefaciens X60 scheme (scheme two) and a bacillus amyloliquefaciens GUMT319 scheme (scheme three). After 40 days of tobacco seedling transplantation, the tobacco seedling is divided into two groups, each plant in the two groups is irrigated with 20mL of each scheme mixed medicament, one group is inoculated with phytophthora nicotianae after 5 days, and the other group is inoculated with tobaccoPhytophthora graminis, the onset of which was investigated with reference to the standard GB/T23222-2008, the results of which are shown in Table 6:
TABLE 6
As shown in Table 6, the control effect of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens YN48 scheme and the bacillus amyloliquefaciens GUMT319 scheme on tobacco black shank and tobacco root black rot is not more than 30%, and the control effect of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens X60 scheme on tobacco black shank and tobacco root black rot is not more than 40%, so that the control effect is very limited.
According to the test results, the bacillus amyloliquefaciens which has good control effect on the black shank or the black root rot at present has poor control effect on the black shank and the black root rot of the tobacco after being combined with the streptomyces oxysporum WS-29246 and the frost-a-methyl manganese-zinc.
Test example 3
After obtaining the results of test example 2, the inventors guessed that it is likely that antagonism between strains leads to a decrease in control effect. Based on this guess, the inventors conducted an inter-strain antagonism test. In the test, antagonism among strains is explored through a flat plate cross scribing method, and the growth condition of the strains at the cross points is observed. Antagonism between microorganisms refers to the growth and metabolic activity of one microorganism that produces inhibitory, interfering or deleterious effects on other microorganisms, resulting in the growth being affected.
In addition to the strains used in experiments 1 and 2, bacillus subtilis (accession number CGMCC NO: 10248), pseudomonas glanadae PF3402 (accession number CCTCC NO: M2018545), bacillus amyloliquefaciens GUMT319 (accession number CCTCC NO: M2018872), bacillus amyloliquefaciens F11 (obtained by gift), and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens YN48 (purchased from microbial fermentation engineering research center, inc. in Yunnan province) were further examined in the experiments.
In the test, the adopted preservation number of the bacillus subtilis is CGMCC No. 10248, which is published in Chinese patent of microbial agent for resisting both tobacco root rot and black shank and a preparation method and application thereof (publication No. CN 110511891A); the adopted preservation number of the pseudomonas glaradida PF3402 is CCTCC NO: m2018545, published in Chinese patent "a Pseudomonas glaradans strain capable of simultaneously preventing and treating tobacco black shank and root black rot and having growth promoting effect" and its application (CN 109136154A); the adopted collection number of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens GUMT319 is CCTCC NO: m2018872, published in Chinese patent "Bacillus amyloliquefaciens GUMT319 and its application" (CN 109504639A); the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens F11 used was a strain in Feng Rong published articles (Feng Rong, liu Li, chen Hainian, yang Shengzhu, lei Qinqing, ding Zhifeng. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens F11 antifungal activity study [ J ] agricultural resources and environmental reports, 2021,38 (05): 849-857.); bacillus amyloliquefaciens YN48 is purchased from a microorganism fermentation engineering research center limited company in Yunnan province, and relevant reports are published in an article Liu Jianjin (Liu Jianjin, liu Ziyi, wang Xuejian, zhang Yan, xu Yanpeng, luo Jie, rooshan, he Yueqiu. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens YN48 is matched with a bactericide to prevent and control tobacco black shank research [ J ]. University of Yunnan academy of agriculture (Nature science), 2020,35 (02): 361-365 370.
). The bacterial strains are all bacterial strains with good control effect on black shank and/or black root rot.
As shown in Table 7, except for Bacillus amyloliquefaciens cd5bc, streptomyces oxysporum WS-29246 is antagonistic to other strains.
TABLE 7
Note: in the tables, "-" indicates no antagonistic action, and "+" indicates antagonistic action
As can be seen from Table 7, the antagonistic action of both Bacillus amyloliquefaciens F11 and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens YN48 and Streptomyces oxysporum WS-29246 was probably due to the difficulty in obtaining a good control effect in the manner of test example 1 after mixing Streptomyces oxysporum WS-29246 and the above-mentioned both bacteria. The mechanism is that the antagonism inhibits the growth of the bacteria or prevents the generation of some important metabolites, thereby reducing the control effect of the corresponding strains. Due to Streptomyces oxysporus WS-29246 and CGMCC NO: 10248. CCTCC NO: m2018545, CCTCC NO: m2018872 also has antagonism, and the control effect is inevitably reduced after the M2018872 are mixed respectively, so that the inventor does not perform a specific control effect test any more.
Test example 4
The inventors further examined the case where the 72% wettable powder of methoprene and manganin was replaced with another drug in the test example 1.
As shown in table 8, when the 72% wettable pulvis Fumi Carbonisatus-Mandarin was replaced by 1500-fold diluted Fluorubitril-Pericarb suspension (comparative drug group 1) or 1500-fold diluted wettable thiophanate-methyl powder (comparative drug group 2), the control effect was significantly reduced.
TABLE 8
| Scheme(s) | Tobacco black shank control effect (%) | Tobacco root rot control (%) |
| Comparative drug group 1 | 53.4 | 43.1 |
| Comparative drug group 2 | 59.5 | 53.2 |
The inventor investigates the inhibition of 72% methyloxanil-manganin wettable powder, fluorine bacterium-propamocarb suspending agent and thiophanate-methyl wettable powder to the strain in the test example 3, and takes MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) as an investigation standard. As shown in Table 9, the MIC of 72% wettable pulvis Fumi methyl and Mn-Zn was greater than 5000 μ g/mL for Bacillus amyloliquefaciens cd5bc and Streptomyces oxysporum WS-29246, but the MIC of the wettable pulvis Fumi fluorine-propamocarb and the wettable pulvis thiophanate-methyl for Bacillus amyloliquefaciens cd5bc and Streptomyces oxysporum WS-29246 were both small, showing that it has strong antibacterial activity. Therefore, it can be seen that after 72% wettable pulvis of methyloxanil and manganese-zinc is replaced on the basis of test example 1, bacillus amyloliquefaciens cd5bc and streptomyces oxysporum WS-29246 are greatly inhibited, which may be partially responsible for the lower control effect of the comparative drug group 1 and the comparative drug group 2.
TABLE 9
Note: in the table, "> 100 and < 500" indicates that the MIC is between 100 and 500. Mu.g/mL, and no further experiment is performed to determine the specific MIC because the precise value is not necessarily determined.
Test example 5
On the basis of the experimental example 2, the inventor inspects the influence of the first scheme to the third scheme on the cadmium accumulation and the lysine content of the tobacco, and finds that the first scheme, the second scheme and the third scheme have no influence on the cadmium accumulation and the lysine, and the related data have no statistical difference.
Claims (6)
1. A composition for preventing and treating tobacco root black rot and black shank and improving characters and quality is characterized by comprising bacillus amyloliquefaciens cd5bc, streptomyces oxysporum WS-29246 and methyloxanil-manganese zinc;
the preservation number of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens cd5bc is CCTCC NO: M2016232; the preservation number of the streptomyces oxysporum WS-29246 is CCTCC NO: M2012413;
the bacillus amyloliquefaciens cd5bc and the streptomyces oxysporum WS-29246 are added in a form of fermentation liquor;
in the cd5bc fermentation broth of the bacillus amyloliquefaciensThe concentration is 1 x 10 6 cfu/mL~1×10 7 cfu/mL; in the Streptomyces oxysporus WS-29246 fermentation liquor, the bacterial concentration is 1 × 10 6 cfu/mL~1×10 7 cfu/mL；
The cream methyl and manganese zinc is a 1000-5000 times dilution solution of 72% cream methyl and manganese zinc wettable powder;
the composition consists of bacillus amyloliquefaciens cd5bc, streptomyces oxysporum WS-29246 and frost A, manganese and zinc according to the proportion of (10 to 30): (10 to 20): 1 according to the volume ratio.
2. The composition of claim 1, wherein the methyloxanil-manganese zinc is a 5000-fold dilution of 72% methyloxanil-manganese zinc wettable powder.
3. The composition according to claim 1, characterized in that it consists, by volume, of bacillus amyloliquefaciens cd5bc, streptomyces oxysporum WS-29246 and zinc methyloxadiummanganese in the ratio 15.
4. The composition of claim 1~3, wherein said streptomyces oxysporum WS-29246 fermentation broth is obtained by inoculation of streptomyces oxysporum WS-29246 and fermentation, and the medium used has the composition: 100g of cane sugar, 10g of glucose, 0.1g of casamino acid, 5g of yeast extract powder, 21g of propanesulfonic acid, K 2 SO 4 0.25g，MgCl 2 ·6H 2 O10 g, trace elements 1mL, water 1000mL, pH =7.0; wherein the microelement formula is MnSO 4 ·7H 2 O 100mg，CuSO 4 ·7H 2 O 50mg，ZnSO 4 ·7H 2 O 100mg，CoCl 2 100mg and 100mL of purified water;
the bacillus amyloliquefaciens cd5bc fermentation broth is obtained by inoculating bacillus amyloliquefaciens cd5bc and fermenting, and the used culture medium is LB culture medium.
5. A method for preparing a composition for controlling tobacco black rot and black shank and improving the characteristics, wherein the composition is the composition of any one of claims 1~4, and the method for preparing the composition is to uniformly mix the components in the composition.
6. Use of a composition according to any one of claims 1~4 for the control of tobacco root rot and black shank.
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