CN114364757A - 不搭接的水基木材染色剂 - Google Patents
不搭接的水基木材染色剂 Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于提供改善的施加特性且符合调节性VOC限制的木材染色剂组合物,该木材染色剂组合物包含或基本上由分子量小于1000Da的水混溶性多元醇、水分散性疏水聚合物以及颜料分散体组成。
Description
相关申请
本申请要求于2019年10月8日提交的美国临时专利申请62/912,173的权益和优先权,该申请的全部公开内容据此以引用方式并入。
技术领域
本发明主题涉及木质产品(诸如硬木地板和家具)的染色。
背景技术
品质住宅和办公室中经常采用木地板。裸木可被染色以改变其颜色,使得能够例如使用耐用的抗损性木材,该木材的天然颜色将不适用于其周围环境。染色剂可为油基的或水基的。后者提供许多优点,诸如皂水净化、不易燃性、低气味和最小的环境影响。然而,目前,水基木材染色剂主要用于小工作。它们尚未广泛采用在地板和大家具行业中,因为它们倾向于表现出各种问题,诸如搭接、咬底、施加困难和/或外观不一致。
搭接是在将染色剂施加到大表面上时发生的视觉缺陷。它导致一个染色区段与另一个染色区段重叠的区域中的颜色较深。搭接通常起因于与水基聚合物(其本身与木材表面发生强烈相互作用)发生强烈相互作用的颜料颗粒。咬底是当施加顶涂层时在染色剂没有完全干燥或者染色剂是水/溶剂敏感的时观察到的。这导致清晰度降低以及染色剂与顶涂层之间的粘附损失。搭接和咬底特性通常成反比变化,使其难以配制优化这些特性的组合物。
当通过手动染色大区域(如常见做法)时,施加难度通常上升。与油基染色剂相比,现有的水基染色剂通常是粘性的并且在最初施加染色剂和擦去过多量时需要大量努力。在施加之后,通常发现水基染色剂缺乏油/溶剂基染色剂的丰富度和暖度。这导致类似于塑料的外观不一致。
因此,需要如下染色剂,其提供水基产品的优点而无上述缺点。
发明内容
在各种实施方案中,根据本文的水基染色剂组合物包含水基颜料分散体和水混溶性低分子量(例如,低于1000Da)多元醇,该多元醇向被施加到木材表面的组合物赋予润滑特性并且另外影响渗透到木材中的速率。另外,该组合物可包含水分散性疏水组分。在一个实施方式中,水分散性疏水组分包含基于例如一种或多种聚酰胺多元醇的单组分自交联聚氨酯分散体。与倾向于以其它费用为代价的常规组合物相比,包含水混溶性低分子量多元醇和水分散性疏水组分的组合物可有利地减少搭接和咬底。另外,根据本文的组合物可在其施加期间分层成不同的层,但干燥成基本上均一且均匀的整体状态。此外,根据本文的组合物可用作湿润剂,从而延长染色剂的干燥时间并因此允许改善的可工作性。
在一些实施方案中,水混溶性低分子量多元醇包括聚乙二醇(PEG)。PEG期望的分子量低于1000Da。在一个实施方案中,PEG组合物的分子量在200Da至600Da的范围内。在各种制剂中,PEG以按总式量计大约30%的水平存在,但工作范围可为15%至35%。此外,组合物中PEG的分子量和/或式量可针对在组合物中提供低量的挥发性有机化合物(VOC)来选择,从而符合VOC全球法规。
因此,本文所述的包含亲水多元醇和水分散性疏水组分的组合物可有利地提供改善的施加特性(例如,具有减少的搭接和咬底)且符合调节性VOC限制。
因此,在一个方面,本发明涉及一种木材染色剂组合物,其包含:分子量小于1000Da的水混溶性多元醇;水分散性疏水聚合物;以及颜料分散体。在一个实施方案中,水混溶性多元醇为聚乙二醇。另外,聚乙二醇的分子量可为600Da±10%。在一些实施方案中,水分散性疏水聚合物为聚氨酯分散体、聚酯分散体、丙烯酸分散体或醇酸树脂分散体。聚氨酯分散体可包含单组分自交联聚氨酯分散体。
在各种实施方案中,该组合物还包含消泡剂以破坏在制剂加工和/或施加组合物期间产生的泡沫。另外,该组合物还可包含增稠剂以调节组合物的粘度。在一个实施方案中,增稠剂基本上由羟乙基纤维素、疏水改性的基于环氧乙烷的氨基甲酸酯、或疏水改性的碱溶性乳液组成。此外,该组合物还可包含胺。胺可基本上由二甲基乙醇胺、单乙基乙醇胺、三甲基乙醇胺、吗啉、或氨组成。在一些实施方案中,该组合物还包含抗细菌防腐剂以防止微生物降解。
在另一方面,本发明涉及一种木材染色剂组合物,其基本上由以下组成:分子量小于1000Da的水混溶性多元醇;水分散性疏水聚合物;以及颜料分散体。在一个实施方式中,水混溶性多元醇为聚乙二醇。另外,聚乙二醇的分子量可为600Da±10%。在一些实施方案中,水分散性疏水聚合物为聚氨酯分散体、聚酯分散体、丙烯酸分散体或醇酸树脂分散体。聚氨酯分散体可基本上由单组分自交联聚氨酯分散体组成。
如本文所用,术语“基本上”或“大约”意指±10%(例如,按重量计或按体积计),并且在一些实施方案中,5%。术语“基本上由……组成”意指不包括有助于功能或结构的其它材料。例如,着色剂可为任选的并且不有助于组合物的性能并且可被省略;因此,权利要求书中将不排除基本上由其它材料组成的组合物。除非另外指明,百分比是指重量百分比。
具体实施方式
在各种实施方案中,一种木材染色剂组合物包含或基本上由水基颜料分散体、亲水多元醇和水分散性疏水组分组成。亲水多元醇可包括例如PEG,或由其组成,或基本上由其组成。PEG的分子量可低于1000Da。在一些制剂中,PEG的分子量为600Da±10%。例如,PEG可为CARBOWAX PEG 600,其可从Dow Chemical Company获得;此产品具有平均13.2个重复氧乙烯单元以及570Da至630Da的平均摩尔量范围。在其它实施方案中,可使用分子量在200Da至600Da范围内的PEG组合物。另外,PEG可以按总式量计大约30%的水平存在于组合物中。工作范围为15%为35%。在这些水平下使用PEG非常有助于擦拭染色剂,即过多量易于擦去,然后可在其上施加水基透明涂料以提供抗水性。包含本文的PEG组合物的染色剂可有益地在染色剂和透明涂料之间具有强烈的内涂层粘附。在一些实施方案中,通过选择具有各种分子量和/或式量的PEG而有助于染色剂组合物中VOC的量;因此,本文的PEG组合物可包含符合VOC全球法规(或至少适用于北美的标准)的低量VOC。
在一些实施方案中,水分散性疏水组分包含基于例如一种或多种聚酰胺多元醇的单组分自交联聚氨酯分散体。众所周知,通过将异氰酸酯(R-N=C=O)与含有羟基(-OH)官能团的多元醇组合以形成氨基甲酸酯键来制备聚氨酯聚合物。合适的聚氨酯制剂为APTALON M8100水性自交联聚氨酯分散体,其可从Lubrizol Corporation获得。替代性树脂诸如聚酯、丙烯酸或醇酸树脂材料-例如,以微粒形式分散于水性(或非水性)介质中-只要它们提供相同或相当的对水和咬底的抗性即可。自交联行为也是有益的。
组合物可使用传统的水基颜料分散体来着色。工作范围如下:
原料 | 重量百分比 |
去离子水 | 40%-50% |
聚氨酯 | 10%-20% |
PEG | 20%-30% |
增稠剂 | 0.2%-1.0% |
共溶剂 | 3.0%-5.0% |
胺 | 0.2%-0.5% |
消泡剂 | 0.2%-0.5% |
杀生物剂 | 0.05%-0.10% |
着色剂 | 2%-5% |
增稠剂用于将组合物的粘度调节到所需值。例如,可包含基本上由微晶纤维素组成的抗沉降剂(例如,Lattice NTC-61)以降低剪切粘度,以便使颜料长期稳定悬浮于组合物中。合适的增稠剂包括羟乙基纤维素、疏水改性的基于环氧乙烷的氨基甲酸酯、疏水改性的碱溶性乳液、和/或其它碱溶性缔结型增稠剂。胺继而用于使增稠剂活化。合适的胺包括二甲基乙醇胺、单乙基乙醇胺、三甲基乙醇胺、吗啉、和/或氨。采用消泡剂来破坏在制剂加工和/或向木材上施加染色剂期间产生的泡沫;合适的消泡剂包括脱泡剂诸如AIREX 900,其可从TEGO获得。这些组分中的所有三个组分都是任选的。
代表性工作制剂如下:
原料的添加顺序可以遵循或者可以不遵循上表中的示例性顺序(即,从顶部到底部)。例如,可以(i)在添加BYK 028之后且在添加CARBOWAX PEG 600之前,(ii)在添加APTALON M8100之后且在添加乙二醇醚DPNB之前,或者(iii)在添加碳黑之后,添加去离子水。另外,可将原料分成若干不同阶段添加,只要总重量百分比保持相同即可。例如,可将去离子水分成四个不同阶段添加:(i)在添加LATTICE NTC-61之前(如上表所示),(ii)在添加APTALON M8100之后且在添加乙二醇醚DPNB之前,以及(iii)在添加碳黑之后。另外,可将二甲基乙醇胺(无水)分成两个不同阶段添加:(i)在添加丙二醇(IND.)之后且在添加BYK 028之前,以及(ii)在添加碳黑之后。
合适的防腐剂包括ACTICIDE MV(单价稳定的杀微生物剂,由THOR供应)、KATHONLX(水性杀微生物剂和防腐剂,由Rohm&Haas供应)、ACTICIDE RS(5-氯-2-甲基-4-异噻唑啉-3-酮与2-甲基-4-异噻唑啉-3-酮的混合物,由Thor GmbH供应)以及PREVENTOL D7(由Lanxess Deutschland GmbH供应)。BYK-024为无VOC的含有机硅消泡剂(由Byk USA Inc供应)。NOVOCOLOR水性颜料分散体(由Engineered Polymer Solutions & ColorCorporation of America供应)可用于碳黑、黄色氧化物和红色氧化铁组分。
因此,通过在水基颜料分散体中包含水混溶性低分子量(例如,低于1000Da)多元醇和水分散性疏水聚合物,各种实施方案有利地改善染色剂组合物的施加特性(例如,具有基本上减少的搭接和咬底)。这与倾向于以其它费用为代价的常规组合物形成对比。另外,根据本文的组合物可在其施加期间分层成不同的层,但干燥成基本上均一且均匀的整体状态。此外,根据本文的组合物可用作湿润剂,从而延长染色剂的干燥时间并因此允许改善的可工作性。
虽然已经结合本发明的具体实施方案描述了本发明,但是本领域普通技术人员将理解,单个配方饰面材料中所包含的成分类型和/或其量的任何替代、修改和变型都是可能的并且它们处于本发明的范围内。
本文所采用的术语和表达用作描述而非限制的术语和表达,并且在使用此类术语和表达的情况下,无意排除所示和所述的特征的任何等同物或其部分。另外,已经描述了本发明的某些实施方案,对于本领域普通技术人员显而易见的是,在不脱离本发明的实质和范围的情况下,可使用结合本文所公开概念的其它实施方案。因此,所描述的实施方案应在所有方面仅被视为示例性的且非限制性的。
Claims (16)
1.一种木材染色剂组合物,其包含:
分子量小于1000Da的水混溶性多元醇;
水分散性疏水聚合物;和
颜料分散体。
2.根据权利要求1所述的组合物,其中所述水混溶性多元醇为聚乙二醇。
3.根据权利要求2所述的组合物,其中所述聚乙二醇的分子量为600Da±10%。
4.根据权利要求1所述的组合物,其中所述水分散性疏水聚合物为聚氨酯分散体、聚酯分散体、丙烯酸分散体或醇酸树脂分散体。
5.根据权利要求4所述的组合物,其中所述聚氨酯分散体包含单组分自交联聚氨酯分散体。
6.根据权利要求1所述的组合物,其还包含消泡剂以破坏在制剂加工和/或施加所述组合物期间产生的泡沫。
7.根据权利要求1所述的组合物,其还包含增稠剂以调节所述组合物的粘度。
8.根据权利要求7所述的组合物,其中所述增稠剂基本上由羟乙基纤维素、疏水改性的基于环氧乙烷的氨基甲酸酯或疏水改性的碱溶性乳液组成。
9.根据权利要求1所述的组合物,其还包含胺。
10.根据权利要求9所述的组合物,其中所述胺基本上由二甲基乙醇胺、单乙基乙醇胺、三甲基乙醇胺、吗啉或氨组成。
11.根据权利要求1所述的组合物,其还包含抗细菌防腐剂以防止微生物降解。
12.一种木材染色剂组合物,其基本上由以下组成:
分子量小于1000Da的水混溶性多元醇;
水分散性疏水聚合物;和
颜料分散体。
13.根据权利要求12所述的组合物,其中所述水混溶性多元醇为聚乙二醇。
14.根据权利要求13所述的组合物,其中所述聚乙二醇的分子量为600Da±10%。
15.根据权利要求12所述的组合物,其中所述水分散性疏水聚合物为聚氨酯分散体、聚酯分散体、丙烯酸分散体或醇酸树脂分散体。
16.根据权利要求15所述的组合物,其中所述聚氨酯分散体基本上由单组分自交联聚氨酯分散体组成。
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