CN114363832B - Information sending method, radio frequency tag, radio frequency system and storage medium - Google Patents
Information sending method, radio frequency tag, radio frequency system and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN114363832B CN114363832B CN202111544485.7A CN202111544485A CN114363832B CN 114363832 B CN114363832 B CN 114363832B CN 202111544485 A CN202111544485 A CN 202111544485A CN 114363832 B CN114363832 B CN 114363832B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Abstract
The invention discloses an information sending method, a radio frequency tag, a radio frequency system and a storage medium, which are used for solving the technical problem of lower reading rate of an active RFID tag in the prior art, and the method comprises the following steps: before and after sending broadcast information to a base station, respectively monitoring whether a channel where the radio frequency tag is located is in a busy state; if the channel where the radio frequency tag is located is in a busy state, determining that the radio frequency tag and other radio frequency tags are in electronic collision, and enabling the base station to receive the broadcast information by adopting a back-off mechanism; the back-off mechanism is a mechanism for preventing the radio frequency tag from using delayed transmission or delayed retransmission of broadcast information due to the occurrence of the electronic collision.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of radio frequency identification, and in particular, to a method for transmitting information, a radio frequency tag, a radio frequency system, and a storage medium.
Background
The radio frequency identification (Radio Frequency Identification, RFID) technology is one of automatic identification technologies, and the electronic tag is read and written by using a radio frequency mode, so that the aim of identifying a target and exchanging data can be achieved.
Radio frequency identification systems fall into two broad categories, active RFID and passive RFID. The electronic tag of the passive RFID technology does not have a battery and relies on electromagnetic waves emitted from a reader-writer to acquire energy, so the reader-writer has higher power generally, but the effective acting distance is limited to be within 30 meters generally. The active RFID tag itself has a battery, so the power requirement for the reader-writer is not high, but the effective distance is greatly increased, normally up to 200 meters or even more. Many applications typically require long communication distances, so active RFID tags are very widely used.
However, in an active RFID system constituted by active RFID tags, when a base station performs dense reading of a plurality of active RFID tags, electronic collision easily occurs, resulting in a low readout rate of the active RFID tags.
In view of this, how to improve the read rate of active RFID tags is a technical problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an information sending method, a radio frequency tag, a radio frequency system and a storage medium, which are used for solving the technical problem of low reading rate of an active RFID tag in the prior art.
In order to solve the above technical problems, a method for sending information provided by an embodiment of the present invention is applied to a radio frequency tag, and the technical scheme of the method is as follows:
Before and after sending broadcast information to a base station, respectively monitoring whether a channel where the radio frequency tag is located is in a busy state;
if the channel where the radio frequency tag is located is in a busy state, determining that the radio frequency tag and other radio frequency tags are in electronic collision, and enabling the base station to receive the broadcast information by adopting a back-off mechanism; the back-off mechanism is a mechanism for preventing the radio frequency tag from using delayed transmission or delayed retransmission of broadcast information due to the occurrence of the electronic collision.
In one possible implementation, the monitoring whether the channel on which the radio frequency tag is located is busy includes:
monitoring whether information sent by other radio frequency tags exists in the channel;
if the information sent by the other radio frequency tags exists in the channel, determining that the channel is in a busy state;
and if the information sent by the other radio frequency tags does not exist in the channel, determining that the channel is in an idle state.
A possible implementation manner, using a back-off mechanism to enable the base station to receive the broadcast information, includes:
determining the actual back-off duration adopted by the back-off mechanism according to the preset basic back-off duration and the times of the channel continuously determined to be the busy state;
If the actual back-off duration is smaller than or equal to the first duration, controlling the radio frequency tag to keep in an active state, and re-monitoring whether the channel is in a busy state after delaying the first duration, and if not, sending the broadcast information; the first duration is the minimum duration required by the radio frequency tag from sending broadcast information to a sleep state;
if the actual back-off time length is longer than the first time length, controlling the radio frequency tag to enter the dormant state, waking up the radio frequency tag after dormancy for the first time length to monitor whether the channel is in a busy state again, and if not, sending the broadcast information;
if the actual back-off time length is longer than a second time length required by the radio frequency tag from the dormant state to the active state, the times are zeroed, the radio frequency tag is awakened after the radio frequency tag is controlled to be dormant for a third time length, whether the channel is busy state or not is monitored again, and if not, the broadcast information is sent; the third duration is a normal broadcasting period of the radio frequency tag, and the first duration is < the second duration is < < the third duration.
A possible implementation manner, transmitting the broadcast information includes:
Acquiring effective information of the radio frequency tag; wherein the effective information has a fixed data length;
randomly generating random information with variable data length;
and assembling the effective information and the random information into the broadcast information, and transmitting the broadcast information.
A possible implementation, randomly generating random information with a variable data length, includes:
randomly generating a random number within a specified numerical range; wherein the random number is a natural number;
and generating random data with the data length being the value corresponding to the random number, and obtaining the random information.
In one possible implementation manner, the lower limit value of the specified numerical range is 0, the upper limit value of the specified numerical range is positively correlated with the tag density of the channel and the passing rate of the radio frequency tags in the channel, and the upper limit value of the specified numerical range is negatively correlated with the overlapping rate of the radio frequency tags in the channel.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a radio frequency tag, including:
the interception unit is used for respectively intercepting whether the channel where the radio frequency tag is located is in a busy state before and after the broadcast information is sent to the base station;
the back-off unit is used for determining that the radio frequency tag and other radio frequency tags have electronic collision if the channel where the radio frequency tag is located is in a busy state, and enabling the base station to receive the broadcast information by adopting a back-off mechanism; the back-off mechanism is a mechanism for preventing the radio frequency tag from using delayed transmission or delayed retransmission of broadcast information due to the occurrence of the electronic collision.
In a possible embodiment, the interception unit is further configured to:
monitoring whether information sent by other radio frequency tags exists in the channel;
if the information sent by the other radio frequency tags exists in the channel, determining that the channel is in a busy state;
and if the information sent by the other radio frequency tags does not exist in the channel, determining that the channel is in an idle state.
A possible implementation manner, the back-off unit is further configured to:
determining the actual back-off duration adopted by the back-off mechanism according to the preset basic back-off duration and the times of the channel continuously determined to be the busy state;
if the actual back-off duration is smaller than or equal to the first duration, controlling the radio frequency tag to keep in an active state, and re-monitoring whether the channel is in a busy state after delaying the first duration, and if not, sending the broadcast information; the first duration is the minimum duration required by the radio frequency tag from sending broadcast information to a sleep state;
if the actual back-off time length is longer than the first time length, controlling the radio frequency tag to enter the dormant state, waking up the radio frequency tag after dormancy for the first time length to monitor whether the channel is in a busy state again, and if not, sending the broadcast information;
If the actual back-off time length is longer than a second time length required by the radio frequency tag from the dormant state to the active state, the times are zeroed, the radio frequency tag is awakened after the radio frequency tag is controlled to be dormant for a third time length, whether the channel is busy state or not is monitored again, and if not, the broadcast information is sent; the third duration is a normal broadcasting period of the radio frequency tag, and the first duration is < the second duration is < < the third duration.
In one possible implementation manner, the radio frequency tag further includes a transmitting unit, where the transmitting unit is configured to:
acquiring effective information of the radio frequency tag; wherein the effective information has a fixed data length;
randomly generating random information with variable data length;
and assembling the effective information and the random information into the broadcast information, and transmitting the broadcast information.
In a possible embodiment, the transmitting unit is further configured to:
randomly generating a random number within a specified numerical range; wherein the random number is a natural number;
and generating random data with the data length being the value corresponding to the random number, and obtaining the random information.
In one possible implementation manner, the lower limit value of the specified numerical range is 0, the upper limit value of the specified numerical range is positively correlated with the tag density of the channel and the passing rate of the radio frequency tags in the channel, and the upper limit value of the specified numerical range is negatively correlated with the overlapping rate of the radio frequency tags in the channel.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a radio frequency system, including:
a plurality of radio frequency tags transmitting broadcast information using the method as described in the first aspect;
and the base station is used for receiving the broadcast information and identifying the corresponding radio frequency tag for data exchange according to the broadcast information.
In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a radio frequency tag, including:
at least one processor, and
a memory coupled to the at least one processor;
wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, the at least one processor performing the method of the first aspect described above by executing the instructions stored by the memory.
In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a readable storage medium, including:
the memory device is used for storing the data,
the memory is configured to store instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause an apparatus comprising the readable storage medium to perform the method as described in the first aspect above.
Through the technical scheme in the one or more embodiments of the present invention, the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following technical effects:
In the embodiment provided by the invention, the radio frequency tag is enabled to monitor whether the channel where the radio frequency tag is located is in a busy state before and after sending the broadcast information to the base station, determine whether the radio frequency tag and other radio frequency tags have electronic collision or not for two times, and enable the base station to receive the broadcast information by adopting a corresponding back-off mechanism when the electronic collision is about to happen or the electronic collision is determined to happen, so that the reading rate of the radio frequency tag is improved.
Compared with the mode of waiting for the base station to return the confirmation information to determine whether the base station finishes information reading after the radio frequency tag sends the broadcast information in the prior art, the receiver of the radio frequency tag needs to be kept in a working state in the waiting period, so that more power consumption of the radio frequency tag is required to be consumed.
Meanwhile, the scheme provided by the invention does not need the base station to return the confirmation information, so that a unidirectional communication model is adopted between the radio frequency tag and the base station, thereby not only reducing the power consumption of the base station, but also reducing the workload of the base station and improving the working efficiency of the base station.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of an information sending method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a radio frequency tag according to an embodiment of the present invention to send broadcast information;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a data frame format of a radio frequency tag according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a comparison diagram of broadcast information sent by a radio frequency tag according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a relationship between different phases and corresponding durations of a radio frequency tag according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a radio frequency tag according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a radio frequency system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the invention provides an information sending method, a radio frequency tag, a radio frequency system and a storage medium, which are used for solving the technical problem of low reading rate of an active RFID tag in the prior art.
In order to better understand the above technical solutions, the following detailed description of the technical solutions of the present invention is made by using the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, and it should be understood that the specific features of the embodiments and the embodiments of the present invention are detailed descriptions of the technical solutions of the present invention, and not limiting the technical solutions of the present invention, and the technical features of the embodiments and the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for transmitting information, which is applied to a radio frequency tag, and the processing procedure of the method is as follows.
Step 101: before and after sending broadcast information to a base station, respectively monitoring whether a channel where a radio frequency tag is located is in a busy state;
step 102: if the channel where the radio frequency tag is located is in a busy state, determining that the radio frequency tag and other radio frequency tags have electronic collision, and enabling the base station to receive broadcasting information by adopting a back-off mechanism; the back-off mechanism is a mechanism for preventing the radio frequency tag from using delayed transmission or delayed retransmission of broadcast information due to electron collision.
In the embodiment provided by the invention, the radio frequency tag can be an active RFID tag, or can be a semi-active RFID tag or the like with a battery. The radio frequency tag generally includes an active state in which the radio frequency tag can interact data with the base station and a dormant state in which the radio frequency tag does not participate in radio frequency communications.
In one possible implementation, the monitoring whether the channel on which the radio frequency tag is located is busy may be implemented by:
monitoring whether information sent by other radio frequency tags exists in the channel; if the channel has information sent by other radio frequency tags, determining that the channel is in a busy state; if the channel has no information sent by other radio frequency tags, the channel is determined to be in an idle state.
For example, please refer to fig. 2, which is a schematic diagram of a radio frequency tag according to an embodiment of the present invention for transmitting broadcast information.
The base station is provided with a channel, the radio frequency tag 1 and the radio frequency tag 2 can use the channel to send broadcast information to the base station, the radio frequency tag 1 is provided with a dormant state, the radio frequency tag 1 enters an active state from the dormant state after being activated, the time when the radio frequency tag 1 enters the active state is t1, the radio frequency tag 1 listens to whether the channel is in a busy state within the period of time from t1 to t3, and because no broadcast information sent by other radio frequency tags (such as the radio frequency tag 2) is detected within the period of time from t1 to t3, the radio frequency tag 1 determines that the channel state is in an idle state, and the radio frequency tag 1 sends the broadcast information 1 to the base station through the channel within the period of time from t3 to t 5.
The radio frequency tag 2 is activated from a dormant state at the time t2, enters an active state, and monitors whether the channel state is a busy state at the time t 2-t 4, and because the radio frequency tag 1 is transmitting the broadcast information 1 at the time t 3-t 4, the radio frequency tag 2 can determine that the channel is currently the busy state through monitoring, the radio frequency tag 2 and the radio frequency tag 1 have electronic collision, and the radio frequency tag 2 adopts a back-off mechanism to delay transmitting the broadcast information 1 so that a base station can receive the broadcast information 1 transmitted by the radio frequency tag 1. Because the radio frequency tag listens whether the channel is busy before and after sending the broadcast information, the radio frequency tag can timely find the impending electron collision, further the back-off mechanism is adopted to prevent the electron collision from being sent, the base station can receive the broadcast information sent by the electronic tag, and the reading rate of the base station for reading the radio frequency tag in the environment with dense radio frequency tag is improved.
Assuming that the radio frequency tag 2 fails to sense in the period from t3 to t4, then the current state of the channel is determined to be an idle state in error, and broadcast information 2 is sent to the base station through the channel in the period from t4 to t 6. The radio frequency tag 1 completes the transmission of the broadcast information 1 at the time t5, and listens again to the channel in the period from t5 to t7 whether the channel is in a busy state, and because the broadcast information 2 is being transmitted in the period from t5 to t6, the radio frequency tag 1 determines that the channel is in a busy state, the radio frequency tag 1 and the radio frequency tag 2 collide electronically, the broadcast information 1 transmitted by the radio frequency tag 1 in the period from t3 to t5 may not be received by the base station, and the radio frequency tag 1 adopts a back-off mechanism to delay the retransmission of the broadcast information 1, so that the base station can receive the broadcast information 1. Because the radio frequency tag listens whether the channel is busy before and after sending the broadcast information, the radio frequency tag can timely find out the electronic collision, and further adopts a back-off mechanism to delay resend the broadcast information, so that the base station can receive the broadcast information, and the reading rate of the base station for reading the radio frequency tag in the environment with dense radio frequency tag is improved.
It should be understood that fig. 2 only shows that there are 2 cases of radio frequency tags that can use a channel, and in practical applications there are actually a plurality of radio frequency tags that can use the same channel, and when at least one of the plurality uses a channel (i.e. transmits broadcast information), it is indicated that the channel is in a busy state, and only when there is no radio frequency tag using the channel, the state of the channel is in an idle state. In addition, in practical application, a base station can have one channel or a plurality of channels, when a plurality of channels exist, because the communication frequencies adopted by different channels are different, radio frequency tags in different channels can be used for transmitting broadcast information by adopting the method provided by the invention.
In the embodiment provided by the invention, the radio frequency tag is enabled to monitor whether the channel where the radio frequency tag is located is in a busy state before and after sending the broadcast information to the base station, determine whether the radio frequency tag and other radio frequency tags have electronic collision or not for two times, and enable the base station to receive the broadcast information by adopting a corresponding back-off mechanism when the electronic collision is about to happen or the electronic collision is determined to happen, so that the reading rate of the radio frequency tag is improved. Compared with the mode of waiting for the base station to return the confirmation information to determine whether the base station finishes information reading after the radio frequency tag sends the broadcast information in the prior art, the receiver of the radio frequency tag needs to be kept in a working state in the waiting period, so that more power consumption of the radio frequency tag is required to be consumed. Meanwhile, the scheme provided by the invention does not need the base station to return the confirmation information, so that a unidirectional communication model is adopted between the radio frequency tag and the base station, thereby not only reducing the power consumption of the base station, but also reducing the workload of the base station and improving the working efficiency of the base station.
In one possible implementation, the radio frequency tag sends the broadcast information to the base station by the following means:
acquiring effective information of a radio frequency tag; wherein the effective information has a fixed data length; randomly generating random information with variable data length; and assembling the effective information and the random information into broadcast information and transmitting the broadcast information.
For example, please refer to fig. 3, which is a schematic diagram illustrating a data frame format of a radio frequency tag according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The data frame format defined in a certain chip adopted in the radio frequency tag is shown in fig. 3, when the chip generates data, the length of one data frame is formed by a fixed length of 14 bytes and an n-byte effective load, wherein the fixed length of 14 bytes comprises a preamble of 4 bytes, a synchronization code of 4 bytes, the length of 4 bytes in a load data area and CRC check of 2 bytes, one piece of broadcast information sent by the radio frequency tag in the invention is formed by one data frame shown in fig. 3, the fixed length of 14 bytes can be used for storing effective information of the radio frequency tag, the effective information is also information which is actually required to be read from the radio frequency tag by a base station, the n-byte effective load is used for storing random information, generally, the byte numbers corresponding to different random information are different, namely the byte numbers corresponding to n are different, the random information is not information required by the base station, and the random information is only used for changing the data length of the broadcast information. And finally, the effective information (such as the identification of the radio frequency tag, the electric quantity and the like) and the random information are assembled into broadcast information according to the data frame format of fig. 3, and the broadcast information is sent to the base station.
Fig. 4 is a comparison diagram of radio frequency tag transmitting broadcast information according to an embodiment of the present invention.
It is assumed that the radio frequency tag 3 and the radio frequency tag 4 in fig. 4 use the same channel, and the radio frequency tag 5 and the radio frequency tag 6 use the same channel. In fig. 4, the radio frequency tag 3 and the radio frequency tag 4 simultaneously monitor whether the channel where the radio frequency tag 3 and the radio frequency tag 4 are located is in a busy state for a period of time from t1 to t2, and the monitoring result is that the radio frequency tag 3 and the radio frequency tag 4 both determine that the channel is in an idle state, so that they simultaneously transmit broadcast information 3 and broadcast information 4 with the same data length for a period of time from t2 to t3, and after the transmission is finished, they simultaneously monitor whether the channel is in a busy state for a period of time from t3 to t5, and the monitoring result is also that the channel is determined to be in an idle state, but according to fig. 4, it can be seen that in fact, the radio frequency tag 3 and the radio frequency tag 4 have electronic collision when transmitting respective broadcast information, which would lead to the base station not actually being able to read their broadcast information.
Aiming at the situation that the radio frequency tag 3 and the radio frequency tag 4 in fig. 4 possibly have overlapping broadcast information transmission, the further provided solution of the invention is to make the data length of the broadcast information transmitted by the radio frequency tag inconsistent, namely, make the broadcast information transmitted by the radio frequency tag consist of effective information with fixed length and random information with unfixed length, so as to prevent the situation that the radio frequency tag 3 and the radio frequency tag 4 in fig. 4 simultaneously transmit the broadcast information to collide electronically without self knowledge. In fig. 4, the radio frequency tag 5 and the radio frequency tag 6 simultaneously monitor whether the channel is busy in the period of time t 1-t 2, and the result of the monitoring is to determine that the channel is idle, so that they all start to transmit respective broadcast information at the time t2, but because the data length of the broadcast information 6 transmitted by the radio frequency tag 6 is longer, after the radio frequency tag 5 completes the transmission of the broadcast information 5, monitor whether the channel is busy again in the period of time t 3-t 5, so as to determine that the channel is busy, and electronic collision occurs, so that a backoff mechanism is executed, and the broadcast information 5 is retransmitted in a delayed manner. Therefore, at least one radio frequency tag can determine that electronic collision occurs, and then a back-off mechanism is executed, so that the base station can read corresponding broadcast information, and the reading rate of the radio frequency tag read by the base station is improved.
In the embodiment provided by the invention, the broadcast information is composed of the effective information with fixed data length and the random information with unfixed data length, so that the data length of the broadcast information sent by different radio frequency tags is inconsistent with a large probability, whether a channel is in a busy state or not is monitored before and after the broadcast information is sent, the accuracy of determining whether the electronic tags collide with each other can be improved, a back-off mechanism is accurately executed, and the reading rate of the radio frequency tags read by a base station is further improved.
In one possible implementation, the random generation of random information with a variable data length may be achieved by:
randomly generating a random number within a specified numerical range; wherein, the random number is a natural number; and generating random data with the data length being a value corresponding to the random number, and obtaining random information.
For example, when the specified numerical value range is 0 to 10 and one random number in 0 to 10 is 3, the radio frequency tag generates random data with a data length of 3 bytes as random information. And packaging the 3 bytes of random information and the effective information with fixed data length according to a specified data frame format to obtain the broadcasting information of the radio frequency tag.
It should be understood that the unit of the data length used in the present invention is determined according to the unit of the data length of the data frame defined in the chip used in the radio frequency tag.
The lower limit value of the specified numerical range is 0, the upper limit value of the specified numerical range is positively correlated with the label density of the channel and the passing rate of the radio frequency labels in the channel, and the upper limit value of the specified numerical range is negatively correlated with the overlapping rate of the radio frequency labels in the channel.
For example, the base station has a channel, under the corresponding use situation, the higher the density of the radio frequency tag is, the larger the upper limit value of the specified numerical range is, and in practical application, the passing rate of the radio frequency tag in the channel for sending broadcast information can be set according to needs, if 90% of the radio frequency tag sent broadcast information can pass through, the upper limit value of the specified numerical range also needs to be correspondingly increased, the passing rate is reduced, and the upper limit value also needs to be correspondingly reduced; in addition, the overlapping rate (i.e., the probability of simultaneously transmitting broadcast information) of the radio frequency tags allowed in the channel may also be set, and the lower the overlapping rate, the greater the upper limit value should be set. The specific upper limit value is set, and the label density, the passing rate, the overlapping rate and the like need to be comprehensively considered.
In the embodiment provided by the invention, the data length of the random information to be generated is determined by randomly generating the random number in the designated data range, so that the data length of the broadcast information sent by the radio frequency tag is random, and the probability of sending the broadcast information with different data lengths by different radio frequency tags is improved.
One possible implementation, using a backoff mechanism to enable the base station to receive the broadcast information, may be implemented by:
and determining the actual back-off duration adopted by the back-off mechanism according to the preset basic back-off duration and the times of continuously determining the channel as a busy state.
If the number of times the channel is continuously determined to be busy is n, the upper limit value of the random value range is 2 n-1 The lower limit value of the random value range is 0, and the range is 0 to 2 n-1 Randomly generating a random number in the base station, and taking the product value of the random number and the preset basic back-off time length as the actual back-off timeAnd (5) avoiding time period. The product value of n and the preset basic back-off duration can also be used as the actual back-off duration, and the calculation mode of the specific actual back-off duration is not limited.
If the actual back-off time length is less than or equal to the first time length, controlling the radio frequency tag to keep an active state, re-monitoring whether a channel is in a busy state after delaying the first time length, and transmitting broadcast information if not; the first time length is the minimum time length required by the radio frequency tag from sending the broadcast information to the dormant state;
If the actual back-off time length is longer than the first time length, the radio frequency tag is controlled to enter a dormant state, and after the first time length of dormancy, the radio frequency tag is awakened to monitor whether the channel is busy again, and if not, broadcast information is sent;
if the actual back-off time length is longer than the second time length required by the radio frequency tag from the dormant state to the active state, the times are zeroed, the radio frequency tag is awakened after the radio frequency tag is controlled to dormancy for the third time length, whether the channel is busy state is monitored again, and if not, the broadcast information is sent; the third duration is a normal broadcasting period of the radio frequency tag, and the first duration is less than the second duration.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a relationship between different phases and corresponding durations of a radio frequency tag according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In fig. 5, the radio frequency tag is designed by adopting a certain chip, the radio frequency chip needs to take about 2ms in an initialization stage (i.e. from a sleep state to an active state), after the initialization is completed, the radio frequency chip needs to transmit broadcast information (the data length of random information is 0, i.e. only valid information with a fixed data length is transmitted) by at least 100us (this time is called as a "transmitting" stage), and the period from the transmitting stage to the sleep state in fig. 5 is the time period required for fading of a transmission signal, and it can be seen from fig. 5 that the radio frequency tag needs at least 1ms from the transmission of broadcast information to the complete sleep state. In the present invention, since the data length of the broadcast information is variable, the minimum is the data length of the effective information, and the maximum is the data length of the effective information+the upper limit value of the specified numerical range, the radio frequency tag of fig. 5 may be set to 100us for its preset basic back-off period, 1ms for the first period, 2ms for the second period, and 1s for the third period. When the scheme is used, when the actual back-off duration is smaller than the first duration by 1ms, the fact that the density of the radio frequency tag of the currently used channel is smaller is indicated, whether the channel is busy or not can be monitored after the short delay time is 1ms, enough time can be reserved for other radio frequency tags using the channel to enter the dormant state, the probability that the radio frequency tag monitors the channel to be idle after the radio frequency tag delays the first duration is improved, and further the efficiency of reading the radio frequency tag is improved. When the actual back-off time length is longer than the first time length by 1ms and is smaller than the second time length by 2ms, the density of the radio frequency tag of the currently used channel is larger, the radio frequency tag can enter a dormant state at the moment, and the user wakes up to monitor whether the channel is in a busy state or not after the second time length is dormant, so that the situation that the radio frequency tag is in an active state for a long time when the actual back-off time length is longer and excessive power consumption is consumed can be avoided, and the service life of the radio frequency tag can be prolonged. When the actual back-off time is longer than the normal broadcasting period, the density of the radio frequency tag of the currently used channel is very high, the current normal broadcasting period needs to be avoided, and the radio frequency tag is enabled to sleep for one broadcasting period and then monitor whether the channel is in a busy state or not, so that the radio frequency tag can be prevented from being frequently awakened to consume more power consumption, and the service life of the radio frequency tag is prolonged.
It should be understood that, in the foregoing examples, the specific values of the preset basic backoff period, the first period, the second period, and the third period are only schematically illustrated according to the relationships shown in fig. 5, and it cannot be illustrated that each radio frequency tag uses the values, for example, in order to be compatible with the characteristics of more chips, the values of the preset basic backoff period, the first period, the second period, and the third period may also be average values of corresponding values of multiple chips or values obtained by calculating through other algorithms, which are not described in detail herein.
For example, assuming that a preset basic backoff period is 100us, a first backoff period is 1ms, a second backoff period is 2ms, and a third backoff period is 1s, after activating from a sleep state to an active state, the radio frequency tag listens to whether the channel is in a busy state, and if the channel is in a busy state, it is determined that the radio frequency tag collides with other radio frequency tags electronically, then according to the number of times (1) that the preset basic backoff period (100 us) and the channel are continuously determined to be in a busy state, an actual backoff period (assumed to be 100 us) adopted by the backoff mechanism is determined, and the broadcast information is delayed and transmitted by the backoff mechanism, specifically, since the actual backoff period is less than the first backoff period (1 ms), the radio frequency tag remains in an active state, and listens again after delaying for 1ms, if the channel is in a busy state, the broadcast information is transmitted, and if the channel is in a busy state, the backoff mechanism is repeatedly executed (at this time, the number of times that the corresponding channel is continuously determined to be in a busy state is 2).
For another example, after the radio frequency tag sends the broadcast information, it listens again to whether the channel is busy, if yes, it adopts a back-off mechanism for retransmitting the broadcast information by delay to enable the base station to receive the broadcast information, and the back-off mechanism specifically determines that the actual back-off duration is tx random (0, …, 2) according to a preset basic back-off duration t and the number n of times that the channel is continuously determined to be busy n -1) random is a function of generating random numbers.
If the actual back-off time length is less than or equal to the first time length, re-monitoring whether the channel is in a busy state after delaying the first time length, and sending a broadcast message if not; if the actual back-off time length is longer than the first time length, the radio frequency tag enters a dormant state, wakes up the radio frequency tag after the first time length of dormancy to enable the radio frequency tag to enter an active state again, re-listens whether the channel is in a busy state or not, and if so, re-sends the broadcast information; if the actual back-off time length is longer than the second time length, the number of times that the channel is continuously determined to be in a busy state is reset to zero, the radio frequency tag is awakened to monitor whether the channel is in the busy state again after being dormant for the third time length, and if not, the broadcasting information is retransmitted.
Based on the same inventive concept, in an embodiment of the present invention, a radio frequency tag is provided, and a specific implementation of an information sending method of the radio frequency tag may refer to a description of an embodiment of a method, and details are not repeated, and please refer to fig. 6, where the radio frequency tag includes:
A interception unit 601, configured to intercept whether a channel on which the radio frequency tag is located is busy before and after sending broadcast information to a base station;
a back-off unit 602, configured to determine that the radio frequency tag and other radio frequency tags collide electronically if the channel in which the radio frequency tag is located is busy, and enable the base station to receive the broadcast information by using a back-off mechanism; the back-off mechanism is a mechanism for preventing the radio frequency tag from using delayed transmission or delayed retransmission of broadcast information due to the occurrence of the electronic collision.
In a possible implementation, the interception unit 601 is further configured to:
monitoring whether information sent by other radio frequency tags exists in the channel;
if the information sent by the other radio frequency tags exists in the channel, determining that the channel is in a busy state;
and if the information sent by the other radio frequency tags does not exist in the channel, determining that the channel is in an idle state.
In a possible implementation manner, the backoff unit 602 is further configured to:
determining the actual back-off duration adopted by the back-off mechanism according to the preset basic back-off duration and the times of the channel continuously determined to be the busy state;
If the actual back-off duration is smaller than or equal to the first duration, controlling the radio frequency tag to keep in an active state, and re-monitoring whether the channel is in a busy state after delaying the first duration, and if not, sending the broadcast information; the first duration is the minimum duration required by the radio frequency tag from the broadcast information sending state to the dormant state;
if the actual back-off time length is longer than the first time length, controlling the radio frequency tag to enter the dormant state, waking up the radio frequency tag after dormancy for the first time length to monitor whether the channel is in a busy state again, and if not, sending the broadcast information;
if the actual back-off time length is longer than a second time length required by the radio frequency tag from the dormant state to the active state, zeroing the times, controlling the radio frequency tag to wake up the radio frequency tag after the third time length of dormancy, and re-monitoring whether the channel is in a busy state or not, and if not, sending the broadcast information; the third duration is a normal broadcasting period of the radio frequency tag, and the first duration is < the second duration is < < the third duration.
In a possible implementation manner, the radio frequency tag further includes a transmitting unit 603, where the transmitting unit 603 is configured to:
Acquiring effective information of the radio frequency tag; wherein the effective information has a fixed data length;
randomly generating random information with variable data length;
and assembling the effective information and the random information into the broadcast information, and transmitting the broadcast information.
In a possible implementation manner, the sending unit 603 is further configured to:
randomly generating a random number within a specified numerical range; wherein the random number is a natural number;
and generating random data with the data length being the value corresponding to the random number, and obtaining the random information.
In one possible implementation manner, the lower limit value of the specified numerical range is 0, the upper limit value of the specified numerical range is positively correlated with the tag density of the channel and the passing rate of the radio frequency tags in the channel, and the upper limit value of the specified numerical range is negatively correlated with the overlapping rate of the radio frequency tags in the channel.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, the division of the units is schematic, which is merely a logic function division, and other division manners may be implemented in actual practice. In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated in one unit. The integrated units may be implemented in hardware or in software functional units.
The integrated units, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as stand-alone products, may be stored in a processor-readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present application may be embodied in essence or a part contributing to the prior art or all or part of the technical solution, in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium, including several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) or a processor (processor) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a random access Memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, or other various media capable of storing program codes.
It should be noted that, the above device provided in the embodiment of the present invention can implement all the method steps implemented in the method embodiment and achieve the same technical effects, and detailed descriptions of the same parts and beneficial effects as those in the method embodiment in this embodiment are omitted.
Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present invention provides a radio frequency system, referring to fig. 7, including:
a plurality of radio frequency tags 701, wherein the radio frequency tags 701 transmit broadcast information by adopting the information transmission method as described above;
the base station 702 is configured to receive the broadcast information, and identify to exchange data with a corresponding radio frequency tag according to the broadcast information.
When the radio frequency tag 702 is an active radio frequency tag, the radio frequency system is an active radio frequency system; when the rf tag 702 is a semi-active rf tag, the rf system is a semi-active rf system; when the plurality of rf tags 702 are comprised of a plurality of rf tags, the rf system is a hybrid rf system.
The base station 702 may be a device having a radio frequency reading function.
Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present invention provides a radio frequency tag, including: at least one processor, and
a memory coupled to the at least one processor;
wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, the at least one processor executing the information transmission method as described above by executing the instructions stored by the memory.
Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present invention also provides a readable storage medium, including:
the memory device is used for storing the data,
the memory is for storing instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause an apparatus comprising the readable storage medium to perform the information transmission method as described above.
The readable storage medium may be any available medium or data storage device that can be accessed by a processor, including volatile memory or nonvolatile memory, or may include both volatile and nonvolatile memory. By way of example, and not limitation, nonvolatile Memory can include Read-Only Memory (ROM), programmable ROM (Programmable Read-Only Memory, PROM), electrically programmable ROM (Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory, EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory, EEPROM) or flash Memory, solid State Disk (Solid State Disk or Solid State Drive, SSD), magnetic Memory (e.g., floppy Disk, hard Disk, magnetic tape, magneto-Optical Disk (MO), etc.), optical Memory (e.g., CD, DVD, BD, HVD, etc.). Volatile memory can include random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), which can act as external cache memory. By way of example, and not limitation, RAM is available in a variety of forms, such as dynamic RAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory, DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double Data Rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (Enhanced Synchronous DRAM, ESDRAM), synchronous Link DRAM (SLDRAM). The storage devices of the disclosed aspects are intended to comprise, without being limited to, these and other suitable types of memory.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the invention may be provided as a method, system, or program product. Accordingly, embodiments of the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Moreover, embodiments of the invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more readable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) having computer/processor-usable program code embodied therein.
Embodiments of the present invention are described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These program instructions may also be stored in a readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer/processor implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer/processor or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
Claims (9)
1. A method for transmitting information, which is applied to a radio frequency tag, comprising:
before and after sending broadcast information to a base station, respectively monitoring whether a channel where the radio frequency tag is located is in a busy state;
if the channel where the radio frequency tag is located is in a busy state, determining that the radio frequency tag and other radio frequency tags are in electronic collision, and enabling the base station to receive the broadcast information by adopting a back-off mechanism; the back-off mechanism is a mechanism for preventing the radio frequency tag from using delayed transmission or delayed retransmission of broadcast information due to the occurrence of the electronic collision;
enabling the base station to receive the broadcast information by adopting a back-off mechanism, including:
determining the actual back-off duration adopted by the back-off mechanism according to the preset basic back-off duration and the times of the channel continuously determined to be the busy state;
if the actual back-off duration is smaller than or equal to the first duration, controlling the radio frequency tag to keep in an active state, and re-monitoring whether the channel is in a busy state after delaying the first duration, and if not, sending the broadcast information; the first duration is the minimum duration required by the radio frequency tag from sending broadcast information to a sleep state;
If the actual back-off time length is longer than the first time length, controlling the radio frequency tag to enter the dormant state, waking up the radio frequency tag after dormancy for the first time length to monitor whether the channel is in a busy state again, and if not, sending the broadcast information;
if the actual back-off time length is longer than a second time length required by the radio frequency tag from the dormant state to the active state, zeroing the times, controlling the radio frequency tag to wake up the radio frequency tag after the third time length of dormancy, and re-monitoring whether the channel is in a busy state or not, and if not, sending the broadcast information; the third duration is a normal broadcasting period of the radio frequency tag, and the first duration is < the second duration is < < the third duration.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein listening to whether the channel on which the radio frequency tag is located is busy comprises:
monitoring whether information sent by other radio frequency tags exists in the channel;
if the information sent by the other radio frequency tags exists in the channel, determining that the channel is in a busy state;
and if the information sent by the other radio frequency tags does not exist in the channel, determining that the channel is in an idle state.
3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein transmitting the broadcast information comprises:
acquiring effective information of the radio frequency tag; wherein the effective information has a fixed data length;
randomly generating random information with variable data length;
and assembling the effective information and the random information into the broadcast information, and transmitting the broadcast information.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein randomly generating random information with a non-fixed data length comprises:
randomly generating a random number within a specified numerical range; wherein the random number is a natural number;
and generating random data with the data length being the value corresponding to the random number, and obtaining the random information.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the lower limit of the specified range of values is 0, the upper limit of the specified range of values is positively correlated with the tag density of the channel, the pass rate of the radio frequency tags in the channel, and the upper limit of the specified range of values is negatively correlated with the overlap rate of the radio frequency tags in the channel.
6. A radio frequency tag, comprising:
the interception unit is used for respectively intercepting whether the channel where the radio frequency tag is located is in a busy state before and after the broadcast information is sent to the base station;
The back-off unit is used for determining that the radio frequency tag and other radio frequency tags have electronic collision if the channel where the radio frequency tag is located is in a busy state, and enabling the base station to receive the broadcast information by adopting a back-off mechanism; the back-off mechanism is a mechanism for preventing the radio frequency tag from using delayed transmission or delayed retransmission of broadcast information due to the occurrence of the electronic collision;
wherein the base station adopting a back-off mechanism to enable the base station to receive the broadcast information comprises: determining the actual back-off duration adopted by the back-off mechanism according to the preset basic back-off duration and the times of the channel continuously determined to be the busy state; if the actual back-off duration is smaller than or equal to the first duration, controlling the radio frequency tag to keep in an active state, and re-monitoring whether the channel is in a busy state after delaying the first duration, and if not, sending the broadcast information; the first duration is the minimum duration required by the radio frequency tag from sending broadcast information to a sleep state; if the actual back-off time length is longer than the first time length, controlling the radio frequency tag to enter the dormant state, waking up the radio frequency tag after dormancy for the first time length to monitor whether the channel is in a busy state again, and if not, sending the broadcast information; if the actual back-off time length is longer than a second time length required by the radio frequency tag from the dormant state to the active state, zeroing the times, controlling the radio frequency tag to wake up the radio frequency tag after the third time length of dormancy, and re-monitoring whether the channel is in a busy state or not, and if not, sending the broadcast information; the third duration is a normal broadcasting period of the radio frequency tag, and the first duration is < the second duration is < < the third duration.
7. A radio frequency system, comprising:
a plurality of radio frequency tags transmitting broadcast information using the method of any one of claims 1-5;
and the base station is used for receiving the broadcast information and identifying the corresponding radio frequency tag for data exchange according to the broadcast information.
8. A radio frequency tag, comprising:
at least one processor, and
a memory coupled to the at least one processor;
wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, the at least one processor performing the method of any of claims 1-5 by executing the instructions stored by the memory.
9. A readable storage medium comprising a memory,
the memory is configured to store instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause an apparatus comprising the readable storage medium to perform the method of any of claims 1-5.
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