CN114363832A - Information sending method, radio frequency tag, radio frequency system and storage medium - Google Patents
Information sending method, radio frequency tag, radio frequency system and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN114363832A CN114363832A CN202111544485.7A CN202111544485A CN114363832A CN 114363832 A CN114363832 A CN 114363832A CN 202111544485 A CN202111544485 A CN 202111544485A CN 114363832 A CN114363832 A CN 114363832A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Abstract
The invention discloses an information sending method, a radio frequency tag, a radio frequency system and a storage medium, which are used for solving the technical problem that the reading rate of an active RFID tag is lower in the prior art, and the method comprises the following steps: before and after the broadcast information is sent to a base station, respectively monitoring whether a channel where the radio frequency tag is located is in a busy state; if the channel where the radio frequency tag is located is in a busy state, determining that the radio frequency tag and other radio frequency tags have electronic collision, and enabling the base station to receive the broadcast information by adopting a backoff mechanism; the backoff mechanism is a mechanism for preventing the radio frequency tag from using delayed transmission or delayed retransmission of broadcast information due to the electronic collision.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of radio frequency identification, and in particular, to an information transmission method, a radio frequency tag, a radio frequency system, and a storage medium.
Background
Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology is one of automatic Identification technologies, and Radio Frequency is used to read and write an electronic tag, so as to achieve the purpose of identifying a target and exchanging data.
Radio frequency identification systems fall into two broad categories, active RFID and passive RFID. The electronic tag of the passive RFID technology does not have a battery, and relies on electromagnetic waves emitted from a reader-writer to obtain energy, so the reader-writer generally has a large power, but the effective acting distance is limited, and is generally within 30 meters. The active RFID tag is provided with a battery, so that the power requirement on a reader-writer is not high, but the effective distance is greatly increased and can normally reach 200 meters or even be longer. Many applications generally require long-distance communication distance, so that the application of the active RFID tag is very wide.
However, in an active RFID system configured by active RFID tags, when a base station densely reads a plurality of active RFID tags, electron collision is likely to occur, resulting in a low read rate of the active RFID tags.
In view of this, how to improve the read rate of the active RFID tag is an urgent technical problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an information sending method, a radio frequency tag, a radio frequency system and a storage medium, which are used for solving the technical problem that the reading rate of an active RFID tag is low in the prior art.
In a first aspect, to solve the above technical problem, an information sending method provided in an embodiment of the present invention is applied to a radio frequency tag, and a technical solution of the method is as follows:
before and after the broadcast information is sent to a base station, respectively monitoring whether a channel where the radio frequency tag is located is in a busy state;
if the channel where the radio frequency tag is located is in a busy state, determining that the radio frequency tag and other radio frequency tags have electronic collision, and enabling the base station to receive the broadcast information by adopting a backoff mechanism; the backoff mechanism is a mechanism for preventing the radio frequency tag from using delayed transmission or delayed retransmission of broadcast information due to the electronic collision.
One possible implementation manner of intercepting whether the channel where the radio frequency tag is located is a busy state includes:
monitoring whether the information sent by other radio frequency tags exists in the channel or not;
if the information sent by the other radio frequency tags exists in the channel, determining that the channel is in a busy state;
and if the information sent by the other radio frequency tags is not available in the channel, determining that the channel is in an idle state.
One possible implementation manner, in which a backoff mechanism is used to enable the base station to receive the broadcast information, includes:
determining the actual backoff duration adopted by the backoff mechanism according to a preset basic backoff duration and the number of times that the channel is continuously determined as the busy state;
if the actual backoff duration is less than or equal to a first duration, controlling the radio frequency tag to keep an active state, and monitoring whether the channel is in a busy state again after delaying the first duration, and if not, sending the broadcast information; the first time length is the minimum time length required by the radio frequency tag from the broadcast information sending to the dormant state;
if the actual backoff duration is longer than the first duration, controlling the radio frequency tag to enter the dormant state, waking up the radio frequency tag after sleeping the first duration to monitor whether the channel is in a busy state again, and sending the broadcast information if the channel is not in the busy state;
if the actual backoff duration is longer than a second duration required by the radio frequency tag from a dormant state to an active state, returning the times to zero, controlling the radio frequency tag to wake up the radio frequency tag after sleeping for a third duration to re-monitor whether the channel is in a busy state, and if not, sending the broadcast information; the third time length is a normal broadcast period of the radio frequency tag, and the first time length < the second time length < < the third time length.
One possible implementation, transmitting the broadcast information, includes:
obtaining effective information of the radio frequency tag; wherein the valid information has a fixed data length;
randomly generating random information with unfixed data length;
and assembling the effective information and the random information into the broadcast information, and sending the broadcast information.
One possible implementation method for randomly generating random information with unfixed data length includes:
randomly generating a random number within a designated numerical range; wherein the random number is a natural number;
and generating random data with the data length being the value corresponding to the random number to obtain the random information.
In a possible embodiment, the lower limit of the designated range is 0, the upper limit of the designated range is positively correlated with the tag density of the channel and the passing rate of the radio frequency tags in the channel, and the upper limit of the designated range is negatively correlated with the overlapping rate of the radio frequency tags in the channel.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a radio frequency tag, including:
the monitoring unit is used for respectively monitoring whether the channel where the radio frequency tag is located is in a busy state before and after the broadcast information is sent to the base station;
the backoff unit is used for determining that the radio frequency tag and other radio frequency tags have electronic collision if the channel where the radio frequency tag is located is in a busy state, and enabling the base station to receive the broadcast information by adopting a backoff mechanism; the backoff mechanism is a mechanism for preventing the radio frequency tag from using delayed transmission or delayed retransmission of broadcast information due to the electronic collision.
In a possible embodiment, the listening unit is further configured to:
monitoring whether the information sent by other radio frequency tags exists in the channel or not;
if the information sent by the other radio frequency tags exists in the channel, determining that the channel is in a busy state;
and if the information sent by the other radio frequency tags is not available in the channel, determining that the channel is in an idle state.
In a possible implementation, the backoff unit is further configured to:
determining the actual backoff duration adopted by the backoff mechanism according to a preset basic backoff duration and the number of times that the channel is continuously determined as the busy state;
if the actual backoff duration is less than or equal to a first duration, controlling the radio frequency tag to keep an active state, and monitoring whether the channel is in a busy state again after delaying the first duration, and if not, sending the broadcast information; the first time length is the minimum time length required by the radio frequency tag from the broadcast information sending to the dormant state;
if the actual backoff duration is longer than the first duration, controlling the radio frequency tag to enter the dormant state, waking up the radio frequency tag after sleeping the first duration to monitor whether the channel is in a busy state again, and sending the broadcast information if the channel is not in the busy state;
if the actual backoff duration is longer than a second duration required by the radio frequency tag from a dormant state to an active state, returning the times to zero, controlling the radio frequency tag to wake up the radio frequency tag after sleeping for a third duration to re-monitor whether the channel is in a busy state, and if not, sending the broadcast information; the third time length is a normal broadcast period of the radio frequency tag, and the first time length < the second time length < < the third time length.
In a possible implementation manner, the radio frequency tag further includes a sending unit, and the sending unit is configured to:
obtaining effective information of the radio frequency tag; wherein the valid information has a fixed data length;
randomly generating random information with unfixed data length;
and assembling the effective information and the random information into the broadcast information, and sending the broadcast information.
In one possible implementation, the sending unit is further configured to:
randomly generating a random number within a designated numerical range; wherein the random number is a natural number;
and generating random data with the data length being the value corresponding to the random number to obtain the random information.
In a possible embodiment, the lower limit of the designated range is 0, the upper limit of the designated range is positively correlated with the tag density of the channel and the passing rate of the radio frequency tags in the channel, and the upper limit of the designated range is negatively correlated with the overlapping rate of the radio frequency tags in the channel.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a radio frequency system, including:
a plurality of radio frequency tags, the radio frequency tags transmitting broadcast information using the method of the first aspect;
and the base station is used for receiving the broadcast information and carrying out data exchange with the corresponding radio frequency tag according to the broadcast information identification.
In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a radio frequency tag, including:
at least one processor, and
a memory coupled to the at least one processor;
wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the at least one processor performs the method according to the first aspect by executing the instructions stored by the memory.
In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a readable storage medium, including:
a memory for storing a plurality of data to be transmitted,
the memory is for storing instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause an apparatus comprising the readable storage medium to perform the method as described in the first aspect above.
Through the technical solutions in one or more of the above embodiments of the present invention, the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following technical effects:
in the embodiment provided by the invention, the radio frequency tag is used for monitoring whether a channel where the radio frequency tag is located is in a busy state before and after sending the broadcast information to the base station, determining whether the radio frequency tag and other radio frequency tags generate electronic collision twice, and adopting a corresponding backoff mechanism to enable the base station to receive the broadcast information when the electronic collision is about to occur or the electronic collision is determined, thereby improving the reading rate of the radio frequency tag.
Compared with the prior art that whether the base station finishes information reading or not is determined by waiting for the base station to return the confirmation information after the radio frequency tag sends the broadcast information, the receiver of the radio frequency tag needs to be kept in a working state during the waiting period, so that more power consumption of the radio frequency tag needs to be consumed, and the scheme provided by the invention needs to consume lower power consumption because the receiver does not need to wait for the base station to return the confirmation information, so that the service life of the radio frequency tag can be further prolonged.
Meanwhile, the scheme provided by the invention does not need the base station to return confirmation information, so that a one-way communication model is adopted between the radio frequency tag and the base station, the power consumption of the base station can be reduced, the workload of the base station can be reduced, and the working efficiency of the base station can be improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of an information sending method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a radio frequency tag according to an embodiment of the present invention for sending broadcast information;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a data frame format of a radio frequency tag according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a comparison diagram of radio frequency tags transmitting broadcast information according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a relationship between different stages and corresponding durations of a radio frequency tag according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a radio frequency tag according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a radio frequency system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the invention provides an information sending method, a radio frequency tag, a radio frequency system and a storage medium, which are used for solving the technical problem that the reading rate of an active RFID tag is low in the prior art.
In order to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the following detailed descriptions of the technical solutions of the present invention are provided with the accompanying drawings and the specific embodiments, and it should be understood that the specific features in the embodiments and the examples of the present invention are the detailed descriptions of the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not limitations of the technical solutions of the present invention, and the technical features in the embodiments and the examples of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for sending information, which is applied to a radio frequency tag, and the processing procedure of the method is as follows.
Step 101: before and after the broadcast information is sent to the base station, respectively monitoring whether a channel where the radio frequency tag is located is in a busy state;
step 102: if the channel where the radio frequency tag is located is in a busy state, determining that the radio frequency tag and other radio frequency tags have electronic collision, and enabling the base station to receive broadcast information by adopting a backoff mechanism; the back-off mechanism is a mechanism for preventing the radio frequency tag from delaying to send or resending the broadcast information due to the electronic collision.
In the embodiment provided by the invention, the radio frequency tag can be an active RFID tag, or a radio frequency tag with a battery, such as a semi-active RFID tag. The radio frequency tag generally comprises an active state and a dormant state, the radio frequency tag in the active state can exchange data with the base station, and the radio frequency tag in the dormant state does not participate in radio frequency communication.
In a possible implementation manner, whether the channel where the radio frequency tag is located is in a busy state may be intercepted by the following means:
monitoring whether information sent by other radio frequency tags exists in a channel; if the channel has information sent by other radio frequency tags, determining that the channel is in a busy state; and if the channel does not have the information sent by other radio frequency tags, determining that the channel is in an idle state.
For example, please refer to fig. 2, which is a schematic diagram illustrating a radio frequency tag according to an embodiment of the present invention transmitting broadcast information.
Assuming that a base station has a channel, a radio frequency tag 1 and a radio frequency tag 2 can use the channel to transmit broadcast information to the base station, assuming that the current state of the radio frequency tag 1 is a dormant state, the radio frequency tag 1 enters an active state from the dormant state after being activated, the time when the radio frequency tag 1 enters the active state is t1, and during the period from t1 to t3, the radio frequency tag 1 listens whether the channel is a busy state, because the broadcast information transmitted by other radio frequency tags (such as the radio frequency tag 2) is not listened in the period from t1 to t3, the radio frequency tag 1 determines that the channel state is an idle state, and the radio frequency tag 1 transmits the broadcast information 1 to the base station through the channel at t3 to t 5.
The radio frequency tag 2 is activated from a dormant state at the moment of t2, enters an active state, and listens whether the channel state is a busy state at the moment of t 2-t 4, and because the radio frequency tag 1 sends the broadcast information 1 at the moment of t 3-t 4, the radio frequency tag 2 can determine that the channel is currently the busy state through listening, the radio frequency tag 2 and the radio frequency tag 1 have electronic collision, and the radio frequency tag 2 adopts a backoff mechanism to delay sending the broadcast information 1 so that the base station can receive the broadcast information 1 sent by the radio frequency tag 1. The radio frequency tag monitors whether the channel is in a busy state before and after the radio frequency tag sends the broadcast information, so that the radio frequency tag can timely find that the radio frequency tag is about to collide with electrons, and further a backoff mechanism is adopted to prevent the sending of the collision with electrons, so that the base station can receive the broadcast information sent by the radio frequency tag, and the reading rate of the base station for reading the radio frequency tag in the environment with dense radio frequency tags is improved.
Suppose that the radio frequency tag 2 fails to listen in the period from t3 to t4, and then determines that the current state of the channel is idle erroneously, and sends the broadcast information 2 to the base station through the channel in the period from t4 to t 6. Radio frequency tag 1 finishes sending broadcast information 1 at time t5, and listens again whether the channel is in a busy state at time t 5-t 7, because broadcast information 2 is being sent at time t 5-t 6, radio frequency tag 1 determines that the channel is in the busy state, radio frequency tag 1 and radio frequency tag 2 have electronic collision, broadcast information 1 sent by radio frequency tag 1 at time t 3-t 5 may not be received by the base station, and radio frequency tag 1 uses a back-off mechanism to delay resending broadcast information 1, so that the base station can receive broadcast information 1. The radio frequency tag monitors whether the channel is in a busy state before and after the radio frequency tag sends the broadcast information, so that the radio frequency tag can timely find out the electronic collision, a backoff mechanism is adopted to delay and resend the broadcast information, the base station can receive the broadcast information, and the reading rate of the base station for reading the radio frequency tag in the environment with dense radio frequency tags is improved.
It should be understood that fig. 2 only shows that there are 2 rf tags that can use the channel, in practical applications, there are actually multiple rf tags that can use the same channel, at least one of the multiple rf tags uses the channel (i.e. sends broadcast information) to indicate that the channel is in a busy state, and only when there is no rf tag using the channel, the channel is in an idle state. In addition, in practical application, one base station may have one channel or a plurality of channels, and when there are a plurality of channels, because the communication frequencies adopted by different channels are different, the radio frequency tags in different channels can all use the method provided by the present invention to transmit broadcast information.
In the embodiment provided by the invention, the radio frequency tag is used for monitoring whether a channel where the radio frequency tag is located is in a busy state before and after sending the broadcast information to the base station, determining whether the radio frequency tag and other radio frequency tags generate electronic collision twice, and adopting a corresponding backoff mechanism to enable the base station to receive the broadcast information when the electronic collision is about to occur or the electronic collision is determined, thereby improving the reading rate of the radio frequency tag. Compared with the prior art that whether the base station finishes information reading or not is determined by waiting for the base station to return the confirmation information after the radio frequency tag sends the broadcast information, the receiver of the radio frequency tag needs to be kept in a working state during the waiting period, so that more power consumption of the radio frequency tag needs to be consumed, and the scheme provided by the invention needs to consume lower power consumption because the receiver does not need to wait for the base station to return the confirmation information, so that the service life of the radio frequency tag can be further prolonged. Meanwhile, the scheme provided by the invention does not need the base station to return confirmation information, so that a one-way communication model is adopted between the radio frequency tag and the base station, the power consumption of the base station can be reduced, the workload of the base station can be reduced, and the working efficiency of the base station can be improved.
In one possible implementation manner, the sending of the broadcast information to the base station by the radio frequency tag may be implemented by:
obtaining effective information of the radio frequency tag; wherein the valid information has a fixed data length; randomly generating random information with unfixed data length; and assembling the effective information and the random information into broadcast information, and transmitting the broadcast information.
For example, please refer to fig. 3, which is a schematic diagram illustrating a data frame format of a radio frequency tag according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The data frame format defined in a certain chip adopted in the radio frequency label is shown in figure 3, when the chip generates data, the length of a data frame is formed by a fixed length of 14 bytes and a payload of n bytes, wherein the fixed length of 14 bytes comprises a lead code of 4 bytes, a synchronous code of 4 bytes, a length of 4 bytes in a load data area and CRC (cyclic redundancy check) of 2 bytes, a piece of broadcast information sent by the radio frequency label in the invention is formed by a data frame shown in figure 3, the fixed length of 14 bytes can be used for storing the effective information of the radio frequency label, the effective information is information which is actually required to be read from the radio frequency label by a base station, the payload of n bytes is used for storing random information, generally, the number of bytes corresponding to different random information is different, namely, the values of n corresponding to different random information are different, and the random information is not information required by the base station, only for changing the data length of the broadcast information. And finally, the effective information (such as the identification of the radio frequency tag, the electric quantity and the like) and the random information are assembled into broadcast information according to the data frame format of the figure 3 and are sent to the base station.
Fig. 4 is a comparison diagram of the radio frequency tag sending broadcast information according to the embodiment of the present invention.
It is assumed that the same channel is used by the rf tag 3 and the rf tag 4, and the same channel is used by the rf tag 5 and the rf tag 6 in fig. 4. In fig. 4, rf tag 3 and rf tag 4 simultaneously listen to the channel in the period from t1 to t2 for a busy state, and the listening result is that both rf tag 3 and rf tag 4 determine that the channel is in an idle state, so they simultaneously send broadcast information 3 and broadcast information 4 with the same data length in the period from t2 to t3, and after sending, they simultaneously listen to the channel in the period from t3 to t5 for a busy state, and the listening result also determines that the channel is in an idle state, but it can be seen from fig. 4 that actually, rf tag 3 and rf tag 4 have electronic collision when sending their respective broadcast information, which will cause the base station to actually fail to read their broadcast information.
Aiming at the situation that the radio frequency tag 3 and the radio frequency tag 4 in fig. 4 may have overlapping broadcast information transmission, the further solution provided by the present invention is to make the data lengths of the broadcast information transmitted by the radio frequency tags inconsistent, that is, to make the broadcast information transmitted by the radio frequency tags consist of effective information with a fixed length and random information with an unfixed length, so that the situation that the radio frequency tag 3 and the radio frequency tag 4 in fig. 4 transmit the broadcast information simultaneously and have electronic collision without self-knowledge can be prevented. As shown in fig. 4, the radio frequency tag 5 and the radio frequency tag 6 simultaneously listen to the channel in the period from t1 to t2 for a busy state, and both the listening results determine that the channel is in an idle state, and then they start to transmit respective broadcast information at t2, but since the data length of the broadcast information 6 transmitted by the radio frequency tag 6 is long, after the radio frequency tag 5 finishes transmitting the broadcast information 5, the radio frequency tag listens to the channel again for a busy state at the period from t3 to t5 for a busy state, determines that the channel is in a busy state, and then performs a back-off mechanism, and retransmits the broadcast information 5 with a delay. Therefore, at least one radio frequency tag can determine that the electronic collision occurs, and then a back-off mechanism is executed, so that the base station can read the corresponding broadcast information, and the reading rate of the base station for reading the radio frequency tags is improved.
In the embodiment provided by the invention, the broadcast information consists of effective information with fixed data length and random information with unfixed data length, so that the data lengths of the broadcast information sent by different radio frequency tags are roughly inconsistent, and whether a monitoring channel is in a busy state before and after the broadcast information is sent can improve the accuracy rate of determining whether the electronic tags are in electronic collision, further accurately execute a back-off mechanism, and further improve the reading rate of the radio frequency tags read by a base station.
In one possible embodiment, the random information with variable data length is generated randomly, and the random information can be generated by the following steps:
randomly generating a random number within a designated numerical range; wherein, the random number is a natural number; and generating random data with the data length being the corresponding value of the random number to obtain random information.
For example, if the designated value range is 0 to 10, and one random number in 0 to 10 generated by the radio frequency tag is 3, random data with a data length of 3 bytes is generated as random information. And packaging the 3-byte random information and the effective information with fixed data length according to a specified data frame format to obtain the broadcast information of the radio frequency tag.
It should be understood that the unit used for the data length in the present invention needs to be determined according to the unit of the data length of the data frame defined in the chip used for the rf tag.
The lower limit value of the designated numerical range is 0, the upper limit value of the designated numerical range is positively correlated with the label density of the channel and the passing rate of the radio frequency label in the channel, and the upper limit value of the designated numerical range is negatively correlated with the overlapping rate of the radio frequency label in the channel.
For example, a base station has a channel, and in a corresponding usage scenario, the higher the density of the radio frequency tag is, the larger the upper limit value of the designated numerical range is, the higher the upper limit value of the designated numerical range is, the passing rate of the radio frequency tag sending the broadcast information in the channel can be set as required in practical application, and if 90% of the broadcast information sent by the radio frequency tag can pass through, the upper limit value of the designated numerical range also needs to be correspondingly increased, the passing rate is decreased, and the upper limit value also needs to be correspondingly decreased; in addition, the overlapping rate of the radio frequency tags (i.e. the probability of simultaneously transmitting the broadcast information) in the channel can be set, and the lower the overlapping rate, the higher the upper limit value should be set. The specific upper limit value is set to be a value which requires comprehensive consideration of label density, passage rate, overlapping rate, and the like.
In the embodiment provided by the invention, the data length of random information to be generated is determined by randomly generating the random number in the designated data range, so that the data length of the broadcast information sent by the radio frequency tag is random, and the probability of sending the broadcast information with different data lengths by different radio frequency tags is improved.
One possible implementation manner, in which a backoff mechanism is used to enable the base station to receive the broadcast information, may be implemented as follows:
and determining the actual backoff duration adopted by the backoff mechanism according to the preset basic backoff duration and the number of times that the channel is continuously determined to be in a busy state.
If the number of times that the channel is continuously determined to be in a busy state is n, the upper limit value of the random value range is 2n-1The lower limit value of the random value range is 0 and is 0-2n-1And randomly generating a random number, and taking the product value of the random number and the preset basic backoff duration as the actual backoff duration. The product value of n and the preset basic backoff duration may also be used as the actual backoff duration, and the specific calculation mode of the actual backoff duration is not limited.
If the actual backoff duration is less than or equal to the first duration, controlling the radio frequency tag to keep an active state, and re-monitoring whether the channel is in a busy state after delaying the first duration, and sending broadcast information if the channel is not in the busy state; the first time length is the minimum time length required by the radio frequency tag from the broadcast information sending to the dormant state;
if the actual backoff duration is longer than the first duration, controlling the radio frequency tag to enter a dormant state, waking up the radio frequency tag after the first duration of dormancy to re-monitor whether a channel is in a busy state, and sending broadcast information if the channel is not in the busy state;
if the actual backoff duration is longer than a second duration required by the radio frequency tag from the dormant state to the active state, resetting the times to zero, controlling the radio frequency tag to wake up the radio frequency tag after sleeping for a third duration to re-monitor whether a channel is in a busy state, and sending broadcast information if the channel is not in the busy state; the third time length is a normal broadcast period of the radio frequency tag, and the first time length is less than the second time length and less than the third time length.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a relationship between different stages and corresponding durations of a radio frequency tag according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 shows that the rf tag is designed by using a chip, the rf chip needs to take about 2ms in the initialization phase (i.e. from the sleep state to the active state), after the initialization is completed, the rf chip needs a minimum of 100us to complete the transmission of the broadcast information (the data length of the random information is 0, i.e. only the effective information with a fixed data length is transmitted) (this time is called "transmission" phase), in fig. 5, a period of time between the transmission phase and the entering of the sleep is a time period required for signal fading, and it can be seen from fig. 5 that a minimum of 1ms is required from the transmission of the broadcast information to the complete entering of the sleep state in the rf tag. In the present invention, since the data length of the broadcast information is variable, the minimum is the data length of the valid information, and the maximum is the data length of the valid information plus the upper limit value of the designated numerical range, the preset basic backoff duration of the radio frequency tag in fig. 5 may be set to 100us, the first duration may be set to 1ms, the second duration may be set to 2ms, and the third duration may be set to a normal broadcast period (assumed to be 1 s). When the scheme is used, when the actual backoff duration is less than the first duration by 1ms, the fact that the density of the radio frequency tag using the channel at present is low is shown, the channel can be monitored to be in a busy state after short time delay of 1ms, so that enough time can be reserved for other radio frequency tags using the channel to enter a dormant state, the probability that the radio frequency tag monitors that the channel is in an idle state after the radio frequency tag delays the first duration is improved, and the efficiency of reading the radio frequency tag is improved. When the actual backoff duration is longer than the first duration by 1ms and shorter than the second duration by 2ms, the density of the radio frequency tag currently using the channel is higher, at this time, the radio frequency tag can enter a sleep state, and the listening channel is awakened to be in a busy state after the sleep second duration, so that the situation that the radio frequency tag is in an active state for a long time and consumes excessive power when the actual backoff duration is longer can be avoided, and the service life of the radio frequency tag can be prolonged. When the actual backoff duration is longer than the normal broadcast period, it is indicated that the density of the radio frequency tag using the channel currently is very high, the current normal broadcast period needs to be avoided, and the radio frequency tag sleeps for one broadcast period and then monitors whether the channel is in a busy state, so that the radio frequency tag is prevented from being frequently awakened to consume more power consumption, and the service life of the radio frequency tag is prolonged.
It should be understood that, in the above example, specific values of the preset basic backoff duration, the first duration, the second duration, and the third duration are only schematically illustrated according to the relationship shown in fig. 5, and it cannot be illustrated that each radio frequency tag uses the above values, for example, in order to be compatible with characteristics of more chips, the values of the preset basic backoff duration, the first duration, the second duration, and the third duration may also be an average value obtained by combining corresponding values of multiple chips or a value obtained by performing calculation through other algorithms, which is not described herein in detail.
For example, assuming that the preset basic backoff duration is 100us, the first duration is 1ms, the second duration is 2ms, and the third duration is 1s, after the rf tag is activated from the sleep state to the active state, whether the channel where the rf tag is located is in a busy state is monitored, and the channel state is in a busy state as a monitoring result, it is determined that the rf tag has an electronic collision with other rf tags, and then according to the number (1) of times that the rf tag and the channel are continuously determined to be in a busy state with the preset basic backoff duration (100us), an actual backoff duration (assumed to be 100us) adopted by the backoff mechanism is determined, the backoff mechanism is specifically used to delay and transmit the broadcast information, because the actual backoff duration is less than the first duration (1ms), the rf tag remains in the active state, and monitors whether the channel is in a busy state again after delaying for 1ms, if the channel is in an idle state, the broadcast information is transmitted, if the channel is busy, the back-off mechanism is repeatedly executed (at this time, the number of times that the corresponding channel is continuously determined to be busy is 2).
For another example, after the radio frequency tag sends the broadcast information, it listens again whether the channel is busy, if so, it uses a back-off mechanism that delays to resend the broadcast information to enable the base station to receive the broadcast information, and the back-off mechanism specifically determines the actual back-off duration to be txrandom (0, …, 2) according to the preset basic back-off duration t and the number of times n that the channel is continuously determined to be busyn-1), random is a function that generates random numbers.
If the actual backoff duration is less than or equal to the first duration, re-monitoring whether the channel is in a busy state after delaying the first duration, and sending a broadcast message if the channel is not in the busy state; if the actual backoff duration is longer than the first duration, the radio frequency tag enters a dormant state, and after the first duration of dormancy, the radio frequency tag is awakened to enable the radio frequency tag to re-enter an active state, whether a channel is in a busy state is re-monitored, and if so, broadcast information is re-sent; if the actual backoff duration is longer than the second duration, the number of times that the channel is continuously determined to be in a busy state is reduced to zero, the radio frequency tag is awakened after sleeping for a third duration to re-monitor whether the channel is in the busy state, and if the channel is in the busy state, the radio frequency tag retransmits the broadcast information.
Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present invention provides a radio frequency tag, where a specific implementation of an information sending method of the radio frequency tag may refer to the description of the method embodiment, and repeated parts are not repeated, please refer to fig. 6, where the radio frequency tag includes:
the monitoring unit 601 is configured to monitor whether a channel where the radio frequency tag is located is in a busy state before and after sending broadcast information to the base station;
a backoff unit 602, configured to determine that the radio frequency tag has an electronic collision with another radio frequency tag if a channel where the radio frequency tag is located is in a busy state, and enable the base station to receive the broadcast information by using a backoff mechanism; the backoff mechanism is a mechanism for preventing the radio frequency tag from using delayed transmission or delayed retransmission of broadcast information due to the electronic collision.
In a possible implementation, the listening unit 601 is further configured to:
monitoring whether the information sent by other radio frequency tags exists in the channel or not;
if the information sent by the other radio frequency tags exists in the channel, determining that the channel is in a busy state;
and if the information sent by the other radio frequency tags is not available in the channel, determining that the channel is in an idle state.
In a possible implementation, the backoff unit 602 is further configured to:
determining the actual backoff duration adopted by the backoff mechanism according to a preset basic backoff duration and the number of times that the channel is continuously determined as the busy state;
if the actual backoff duration is less than or equal to a first duration, controlling the radio frequency tag to keep an active state, and monitoring whether the channel is in a busy state again after delaying the first duration, and if not, sending the broadcast information; the first time length is the minimum time length required by the radio frequency tag from the broadcast information sending to the dormant state;
if the actual backoff duration is longer than the first duration, controlling the radio frequency tag to enter the dormant state, waking up the radio frequency tag after sleeping the first duration to monitor whether the channel is in a busy state again, and sending the broadcast information if the channel is not in the busy state;
if the actual backoff duration is longer than a second duration required by the radio frequency tag from the dormant state to the active state, returning the times to zero, controlling the radio frequency tag to wake up the radio frequency tag after sleeping for a third duration to re-monitor whether the channel is in a busy state, and if not, sending the broadcast information; the third time length is a normal broadcast period of the radio frequency tag, and the first time length < the second time length < < the third time length.
In a possible implementation manner, the radio frequency tag further includes a sending unit 603, where the sending unit 603 is configured to:
obtaining effective information of the radio frequency tag; wherein the valid information has a fixed data length;
randomly generating random information with unfixed data length;
and assembling the effective information and the random information into the broadcast information, and sending the broadcast information.
In a possible implementation manner, the sending unit 603 is further configured to:
randomly generating a random number within a designated numerical range; wherein the random number is a natural number;
and generating random data with the data length being the value corresponding to the random number to obtain the random information.
In a possible embodiment, the lower limit of the designated range is 0, the upper limit of the designated range is positively correlated with the tag density of the channel and the passing rate of the radio frequency tags in the channel, and the upper limit of the designated range is negatively correlated with the overlapping rate of the radio frequency tags in the channel.
It should be noted that the division of the unit in the embodiment of the present application is schematic, and is only a logic function division, and there may be another division manner in actual implementation. In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in a form of hardware, and can also be realized in a form of a software functional unit.
The integrated unit, if implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a processor readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present application may be substantially implemented or contributed by the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution may be embodied in a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, a network device, or the like) or a processor (processor) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media capable of storing program codes, such as a usb disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.
It should be noted that, the apparatus provided in the embodiment of the present invention can implement all the method steps implemented by the method embodiment and achieve the same technical effect, and detailed descriptions of the same parts and beneficial effects as the method embodiment in this embodiment are omitted here.
Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present invention provides a radio frequency system, please refer to fig. 7, where the radio frequency system includes:
the radio frequency tags 701 transmit broadcast information by using the information transmission method as described above;
and the base station 702 is configured to receive the broadcast information, and perform data exchange with a corresponding radio frequency tag according to the broadcast information identification.
When the rf tag 702 is an active rf tag, the rf system is an active rf system; when the rf tag 702 is a semi-active rf tag, the rf system is a semi-active rf system; when the plurality of rf tags 702 are composed of a plurality of rf tags, the rf system is a hybrid rf system.
The base station 702 may be a device with a radio frequency reading function.
Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present invention provides a radio frequency tag, including: at least one processor, and
a memory coupled to the at least one processor;
wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the at least one processor performs the method of transmitting information as described above by executing the instructions stored by the memory.
Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a readable storage medium, including:
a memory for storing a plurality of data to be transmitted,
the memory is configured to store instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause an apparatus comprising the readable storage medium to perform an information transmission method as described above.
The readable storage medium may be any available medium or data storage device that can be accessed by a processor, including volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory. By way of example and not limitation, nonvolatile Memory may include Read-Only Memory (ROM), Programmable ROM (PROM), Electrically Programmable ROM (EPROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash Memory, Solid State Disk (SSD), magnetic Memory (e.g., floppy Disk, hard Disk, magnetic tape, Magneto-Optical Disk (MO), etc.), Optical Memory (e.g., CD, BD, DVD, HVD, etc.), and so forth. Volatile Memory can include Random Access Memory (RAM), which can act as external cache Memory. By way of example and not limitation, RAM is available in many forms, such as Dynamic RAM (DRAM), Synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), Double Data Rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM), Enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), Synchronous Link DRAM (SLDRAM). The storage devices of the disclosed aspects are intended to comprise, without being limited to, these and other suitable types of memory.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or program product. Accordingly, embodiments of the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, embodiments of the invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more readable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer/processor-usable program code embodied therein.
Embodiments of the present invention are described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These program instructions may also be stored in a readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer/processor implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer/processor or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (10)
1. A method for transmitting information, which is applied to a radio frequency tag, comprises the following steps:
before and after the broadcast information is sent to a base station, respectively monitoring whether a channel where the radio frequency tag is located is in a busy state;
if the channel where the radio frequency tag is located is in a busy state, determining that the radio frequency tag and other radio frequency tags have electronic collision, and enabling the base station to receive the broadcast information by adopting a backoff mechanism; the backoff mechanism is a mechanism for preventing the radio frequency tag from using delayed transmission or delayed retransmission of broadcast information due to the electronic collision.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein listening whether a channel on which the radio frequency tag is located is busy comprises:
monitoring whether the information sent by other radio frequency tags exists in the channel or not;
if the information sent by the other radio frequency tags exists in the channel, determining that the channel is in a busy state;
and if the information sent by the other radio frequency tags is not available in the channel, determining that the channel is in an idle state.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein employing a back-off mechanism to enable the base station to receive the broadcast information comprises:
determining the actual backoff duration adopted by the backoff mechanism according to a preset basic backoff duration and the number of times that the channel is continuously determined as the busy state;
if the actual backoff duration is less than or equal to a first duration, controlling the radio frequency tag to keep an active state, and monitoring whether the channel is in a busy state again after delaying the first duration, and if not, sending the broadcast information; the first time length is the minimum time length required by the radio frequency tag from the broadcast information sending to the dormant state;
if the actual backoff duration is longer than the first duration, controlling the radio frequency tag to enter the dormant state, waking up the radio frequency tag after sleeping the first duration to monitor whether the channel is in a busy state again, and sending the broadcast information if the channel is not in the busy state;
if the actual backoff duration is longer than a second duration required by the radio frequency tag from the dormant state to the active state, returning the times to zero, controlling the radio frequency tag to wake up the radio frequency tag after sleeping for a third duration to re-monitor whether the channel is in a busy state, and if not, sending the broadcast information; the third time length is a normal broadcast period of the radio frequency tag, and the first time length < the second time length < < the third time length.
4. The method of any of claims 1-3, wherein transmitting the broadcast information comprises:
obtaining effective information of the radio frequency tag; wherein the valid information has a fixed data length;
randomly generating random information with unfixed data length;
and assembling the effective information and the random information into the broadcast information, and sending the broadcast information.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein randomly generating random information with a data length that is not fixed comprises:
randomly generating a random number within a designated numerical range; wherein the random number is a natural number;
and generating random data with the data length being the value corresponding to the random number to obtain the random information.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein a lower limit of the designated range of values is 0, an upper limit of the designated range of values is positively correlated with the tag density of the channel and the passing rate of the radio frequency tags in the channel, and an upper limit of the designated range of values is negatively correlated with the overlapping rate of the radio frequency tags in the channel.
7. A radio frequency tag, comprising:
the monitoring unit is used for respectively monitoring whether the channel where the radio frequency tag is located is in a busy state before and after the broadcast information is sent to the base station;
the backoff unit is used for determining that the radio frequency tag and other radio frequency tags have electronic collision if the channel where the radio frequency tag is located is in a busy state, and enabling the base station to receive the broadcast information by adopting a backoff mechanism; the backoff mechanism is a mechanism for preventing the radio frequency tag from using delayed transmission or delayed retransmission of broadcast information due to the electronic collision.
8. A radio frequency system, comprising:
a plurality of radio frequency tags, the radio frequency tags transmitting broadcast information using the method of any one of claims 1-6;
and the base station is used for receiving the broadcast information and carrying out data exchange with the corresponding radio frequency tag according to the broadcast information identification.
9. A radio frequency tag, comprising:
at least one processor, and
a memory coupled to the at least one processor;
wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, the at least one processor performing the method of any one of claims 1-6 by executing the instructions stored by the memory.
10. A readable storage medium, comprising a memory,
the memory is for storing instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause an apparatus comprising the readable storage medium to perform the method of any of claims 1-6.
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