CN114363392B - Unicast multicast switching method, system and medium for session management - Google Patents
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Abstract
The application provides a unicast multicast switching method, a system and a medium for session management, comprising the following steps: step S10: presetting a trigger threshold x for switching unicast to multicast and a trigger threshold y for switching multicast to unicast; step S11: counting the number of user equipment requesting the same content; step S12: comparing the counted number of the user equipment with a preset trigger threshold, judging whether the trigger condition is met or not, and determining whether to trigger switching or not according to the actual load condition of the network; step S13: and executing a unicast multicast switching flow to finish switching between unicast and multicast. The application adopts a threshold setting method to ensure the stability of unicast-multicast switching, and simultaneously the method of triggering unicast-multicast switching by the session management function can ensure the reliability of unicast-multicast switching in a 5G system, and simultaneously ensures the continuity of service during unicast-multicast switching.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a unicast and multicast switching method, system, and medium for session management. And more particularly, to a method for session management functions to trigger unicast multicast handoffs in 5G systems.
Background
With the rapid development of the Internet, a large number of multimedia services emerge, and some application services, multiple users can receive the same data at the same time, such as video on demand, television broadcasting, video conferencing, online education, interactive games, and the like. For mobile networks, radio access networks, and in particular radio links, are prone to become a bottleneck if a large number of users using the same service are in the same cell. For example, when a large sporting event is live, many fans watch the event at the same time with a cell phone or other mobile device. In this case, the radio bearer efficiency using point-to-point is very low. Therefore, broadcast multicast service is highly required.
The multicast broadcast distribution of homogeneous content can significantly improve the utilization efficiency of air interface frequency resources. From 3G, the mobile communication network provides multicast broadcasting capability, and the 3GPP defines MBMS for the 3G network and then defines eMBMS for the 4G network, but the dedicated broadcasting systems have high exclusivity on time-frequency resources, are independent of the unicast system, have complex technical schemes, are not strong in demand, have unclear application scenes, and the like, so that multicast broadcasting cannot be commercially available in large scale in the 3G and 4G ages.
This situation varies greatly in 5G networks. As live video services have become the mainstream application of the current mobile internet, the traffic ratio is very large, and the situation that multiple users request the same content in a certain area in the same time period frequently happens, so the single-cell multicast service mentioned in 5G Rel-17 becomes an important subject. In the system, unicast and multicast exist simultaneously, and the exclusive time-frequency resources are not allocated for the multicast, so that the network can dynamically switch the unicast and multicast modes to better utilize the network resources. Considering service continuity, the 5G core network needs a reliable switching mode, and considering the maximum improvement of user experience, the inventor proposes a reliable switching method of unicast and multicast in the 5G network.
Patent document CN107995603a (application number: 201610958518.5) discloses a method and a device for implementing capability opening, where a network side implements management of terminals in a group according to a group network policy corresponding to a service group by acquiring service group information transmitted by a third party service through a capability opening platform, thereby implementing capability opening based on group management, and satisfying differentiated service implementation of the third party service based on group service.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the application aims to provide a unicast multicast switching method, a system and a medium for session management.
The unicast multicast switching method for session management provided by the application comprises the following steps:
step S10: presetting a trigger threshold x for switching unicast to multicast and a trigger threshold y for switching multicast to unicast;
step S11: counting the number of user equipment requesting the same content;
step S12: comparing the counted number of the user equipment with a preset trigger threshold, judging whether the trigger condition is met or not, and determining whether to trigger switching or not according to the actual load condition of the network;
step S13: and executing a unicast multicast switching flow to finish switching between unicast and multicast.
Preferably, the number of user equipments for unicast session management and multicast session management is counted according to the type of session management, which is classified into unicast session management and multicast session management.
Preferably, the unicast switching to the multicast flow comprises the following steps:
step S21: providing information of the user equipment and the next generation radio access network to unicast session management through an access and mobility management function;
step S22: judging whether a triggering condition is met or not through unicast session management, and if so, triggering unicast-to-multicast switching;
step S23: performing unicast session management and multicast session management interaction, and modifying user plane function configuration of the unicast session management and the multicast session management;
step S24: the multicast session management notification policy control function updates the policy and sends modification information to the access and mobility management function;
step S25: the access and mobility management function informs the radio access network to switch point-to-point/point-to-multipoint mode to complete the unicast-to-multicast switch.
Preferably, the multicast switching to unicast flow comprises the steps of:
step S31: providing information of the user equipment and the next generation radio access network to multicast session management through an access and mobility management function;
step S32: judging whether a triggering condition is met or not through multicast session management, and if so, triggering the switching from multicast to unicast;
step S33: performing unicast session management and multicast session management interaction, and modifying user plane function configuration of the unicast session management and the multicast session management;
step S34: the unicast session management notification policy control function updates the policy and sends modification information to the access and mobility management function;
step S35: the access and mobility management functions inform the radio access network to switch point-to-point/point-to-multipoint modes to complete the multicast to unicast switching.
Preferably, the unicast session management and the multicast session management interact through an N16 interface.
Preferably, the trigger threshold x and the trigger threshold y are both positive integers, and x is greater than y;
the trigger threshold x and the trigger threshold y are both proportional to the actual load capacity of the radio access network.
Preferably, request contents with different numbers of user equipment are compared, and if the number of the user equipment is greater than or equal to a trigger threshold x, switching from unicast to multicast is triggered; if the trigger threshold value x is smaller than the trigger threshold value x, the switching from unicast to multicast is not triggered;
if the number of the user equipment is smaller than the triggering threshold y, ending the multicast session; and if the trigger threshold y is greater than or equal to the trigger threshold y, maintaining the multicast session.
Preferably, after the switching process is completed, when the new user equipment requests the content, the unicast session management and the multicast session management judge whether a multicast session with the same content exists, and if so, the multicast session management joins the multicast session into a multicast session group; if not, unicast session management establishes a unicast session for it.
The unicast-multicast switching system for session management provided by the application comprises:
module M1: presetting a trigger threshold x for switching unicast to multicast and a trigger threshold y for switching multicast to unicast;
module M2: counting the number of user equipment requesting the same content;
module M3: comparing the counted number of the user equipment with a preset trigger threshold, judging whether the trigger condition is met or not, and determining whether to trigger switching or not according to the actual load condition of the network;
module M4: and executing a unicast multicast switching flow to finish switching between unicast and multicast.
According to the present application there is provided a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program which when executed by a processor performs the steps of the method described above.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects:
1. the method for triggering unicast multicast switching by the session management function in the 5G system can ensure the reliability of unicast multicast switching in the 5G system, and ensure the continuity of service during unicast and multicast switching;
2. in the aspect of threshold setting, the application sets according to the actual load capacity of the NG-RAN, and the triggering threshold x of unicast switching to multicast is larger than the triggering threshold y of multicast switching to unicast, thereby reducing the frequency of unicast-multicast switching and being more beneficial to the stability of network conditions.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the present application will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments, given with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
fig. 1 is a flow diagram of a specific embodiment of a method for session management function triggering unicast multicast switching in a 5G system according to the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of unicast switching to multicast according to the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of multicast switching to unicast according to the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a specific embodiment of unicast switching to multicast according to the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of functional connection of the present application.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the present application, but are not intended to limit the application in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications could be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the inventive concept. These are all within the scope of the present application.
Example 1:
the application can further improve the reliability of unicast and multicast switching in the 5G system, and ensure the continuity of service and the overall stability of the network in the switching process.
According to the application, the SMF and (MB-) SMF set the trigger threshold value of unicast switching to multicast and the trigger threshold value of multicast switching to unicast according to the actual load capacity of NG-RAN, and complete reliable unicast and multicast switching through the trigger flow.
The embodiment provides a method for triggering unicast multicast switching by a session management function in a 5G system, which can further improve the reliability of unicast multicast switching in the 5G system and ensure the continuity of service and the overall stability of a network in the switching process.
The specific technical scheme of the example is as follows:
in the 5G architecture, a control surface consists of an AMF, an SMF and a PCF, UE is connected with NG-RAN through an air interface, the NG-RAN is connected with the AMF through an N2 interface, the interface is used for transmitting N2Message signaling, and the signaling is used for interaction between the NG-RAN and the AMF;
the UE may also be connected to the AMF through an N1 interface, where the interface is configured to transmit N1 Message signaling, where the signaling is used for interaction between the UE and the AMF;
the AMF is connected with the SMF through an N11 interface, the interface is used for transmitting Namf_communication_N1N2MessageTransfersignaling, and the AMF reports the information of the UE and the NG-RAN to the SMF through the signaling;
the SMF is connected with the PCF through an N7 interface, the interface is used for transmitting an Npcf_SMPolicyControl_update signaling, and the signaling is used for updating a PCF transmission strategy;
the SMFs are connected to each other through an N16 interface, and the interface is used for transmitting N16 Message signaling, and the signaling is used for interaction between the SMFs.
In the 5G architecture, a user plane consists of UPF and AF, UE is connected with NG-RAN through an air interface, the NG-RAN is connected with UPF through an N3 interface, and the interface is used for transmitting user data;
the UPF is connected with the AF through an N6 interface, and the AF transmits data through the interface; the UPF is connected to the SMF via an N4 interface, which is used to transport N4 Session Modification signaling by which the SMF modifies the UPF configuration.
As shown in fig. 1, a flow of a specific embodiment of a method for triggering unicast multicast switching by a session management function in a 5G system according to the present application includes the following steps:
step S10, SMF presets a trigger threshold value for switching unicast to multicast and a trigger threshold value for switching multicast to unicast;
step S11, SMF counts the number of UE requesting the same content through unicast/multicast;
step S12, the SMF judges whether the triggering condition is met or not, and decides whether to trigger the switching or not according to the actual load condition of the network.
Step S13, the system executes unicast multicast switching flow to complete the switching between unicast and multicast.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the specific implementation method for switching unicast to multicast in the present application is as follows:
0. initially, the UE communicates with the AF and receives service data through a unicast mode.
The SMF sets a unicast switching to multicast trigger threshold according to the actual load capacity of the NG-RAN, and if the threshold exists, the next step is carried out.
2. The (MB-) SMF sets the multicast switch to unicast trigger threshold according to the NG-RAN actual load capacity, and if the threshold exists, the next step is performed.
AMF can obtain N1 information such as the position of UE in RAN node; acquiring an N2message, such as a congestion status of the RAN; the information is sent to the SMF by calling Nsmf_PDUSion_UpdateSMContext. Information includes, but is not limited to, the mapping of unicast sessions ID, SUPI, UE with RAN nodes, the communication capabilities of the RAN, availability of radio resources.
Smf is able to collect and predict the needs of each content. According to the information sent by the AMF, if the number of unicast sessions carrying the same content exceeds the load capacity of the NG-RAN or the prediction range of the SMF, the SMF triggers the switching from the unicast transmission mode to the multicast transmission mode.
The SMF provides information related to the unicast session to the (MB-) SMF.
Smf configures UPF because the unicast session is about to end.
SMF configuration (MB-) UPF.
8a-9a (MB-) SMF sends unicast session ID, SUPI, and information/instructions regarding multicasting (e.g., TMGI, (MB-) UPF), etc. to AMF via Namf_communication_N1N2MessageTransfere, which sends to NG-RAN via N2 Message.
10. According to the N2Message, the NG-RAN establishes or modifies AN resource for the multicast session.
The 9b-8b.ng-RAN acknowledges the handover to AMF and the AMF acknowledges the handover to (MB-) SMF.
Since the switching of the transmission mode is triggered by the SMF, it is necessary to confirm the intention of the UE and count the respective numbers. If new UEs are requesting the same content, they can join the multicast session directly, and the number of multicasts increases.
11a-12a (MB-) SMF sends multicast information/indication (e.g., TMGI, (MB-) UPF) etc. to AMF via namf_communication_n1n2message transfer, AMF to UE via N1 Message.
12b-11b. Some UEs wish to switch transfer modes while others disagree, the UE will want to revert to (MB-) SMF.
After counting the number of the UEs, the (MB-) SMF informs the PCF that the transmission mode of the UE corresponding to the PCF is about to be changed (including SM Policy Association ID) through the npcf_smpolicy control_updaterequest, so that the PCF performs policy update.
Pcf replies to (MB-) SMF policy update.
Ue requests data of multicast mode from AF at application layer. The AF updates the traffic and sends the data to the (MB-) SMF. The (MB-) SMF sends the data to the NG-RAN. The NG-RAN sends the data to the UE using multicast.
The ue requests the UPF to stop the original unicast session.
As more and more UEs exit the multicast session, (MB-) SMF will decide to send data with the unicast session for the remaining UEs. Switching from multicast to unicast is easier to ensure continuity of traffic than switching from unicast to multicast.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the functional connections of the present application:
access and mobility management functions (Access and Mobility Management Function, AMF): is responsible for access and mobility management for the user.
Session management function (Session Management Function, SMF): session management, IP address assignment and management, UPF selection and control of UE sessions are provided. (MB-) means that the SMF is used to manage multicast broadcast (MulticastBroadcast) sessions.
Policy control function (Policy Control Function, PCF): responsible for UE access policy and quality of service (Quality of Service, qoS): is responsible for the generation of UE access policies and QoS flow control policies.
User plane function (User Plane Function, UPF): and providing user plane functions such as forwarding and processing of user messages, connection with AF, session anchor points, qoS policy execution and the like. (MB-) means that the UPF is used to manage multicast broadcast (Multicast Broadcast) sessions.
Radio access network (Radio Access Network, RAN): the 5G access network includes a next generation radio access network (Next Generation Radio Access Network, NG-RAN) or a non-3 GPP access to connect to a 5G core network.
Application function (Application Function, AF): other control network elements interact on behalf of the application 5G network, including providing traffic QoS policy requirements, routing policy requirements, etc.
User Equipment (UE): terminal equipment used by a user.
The 5G network architecture is designed according to the basic principle of control forwarding separation, and can be divided into a control plane and a user plane (or a data plane) according to the basic function of a network element. The user plane is responsible for forwarding and processing user messages and mainly comprises a forwarding function of a base station and one or more user functions. The control plane network element is responsible for executing various controls such as access authentication, mobility management, session management, policy control and the like on the UE.
Example 2:
the method for triggering unicast multicast switching by the session management function in the 5G system comprises the following steps:
as shown in fig. 2, the smf triggers a flow of unicast switching to multicast, specifically as follows:
(1) The SMF sets a trigger threshold value x for the unicast switching to the multicast flow, the threshold value x is determined according to the actual load capacity of the NG-RAN, and if the threshold value x exists currently, the next step is directly executed;
(2) The AMF provides the information of the UE and the NG-RAN to the SMF, wherein the information comprises the number of connected UE in the NG-RAN and the data content requested by the UE;
(3) The SMF compares the contents requested by different UE, judges whether the number of the UE requesting the same content is larger than or equal to a threshold value x, if so, triggers the unicast-to-multicast switching, and if not, does not trigger the unicast-to-multicast switching;
(4) The SMF interacts with the (MB-) SMF, which modifies the UPF configuration, and the (MB-) SMF modifies the (MB-) UPF configuration;
(5) The (MB-) SMF informs the PCF of the update strategy and sends the modification information to the AMF;
(6) And the AMF informs the RAN of distributing related resources for the multicast session and switching the PTP/PTM mode according to the received information, thereby completing the switching from unicast to multicast.
As shown in fig. 3, the smf triggers a flow of switching multicast to unicast, specifically as follows:
(1) Setting a trigger threshold y for unicast switching to multicast flow by (MB-) SMF, wherein the threshold y is determined according to the actual load capacity of NG-RAN, and if the threshold y exists currently, directly executing the next step;
(2) The AMF provides the information of the UE and the NG-RAN to the SMF, wherein the information comprises the number of connected UE in the NG-RAN and the data content requested by the UE;
(3) The (MB-) SMF judges whether the number of UE in the current multicast session is smaller than a threshold value y, if so, the SMF decides to end the multicast session, and if so, the number of UE in the current multicast session is larger than or equal to the trigger threshold value y, and the multicast session is maintained;
(4) The SMF interacts with the (MB-) SMF, which modifies the UPF configuration, and the (MB-) SMF modifies the (MB-) UPF configuration;
(5) The SMF informs the PCF of updating the strategy and sends the modification information to the AMF;
(6) And the AMF informs the RAN of modifying the related resources of the session and switching the PTM/PTP mode according to the received information to finish the switching from multicast to unicast.
The unicast-multicast switching system for session management provided by the application comprises:
module M1: presetting a trigger threshold x for switching unicast to multicast and a trigger threshold y for switching multicast to unicast;
module M2: counting the number of user equipment requesting the same content;
module M3: comparing the counted number of the user equipment with a preset trigger threshold, judging whether the trigger condition is met or not, and determining whether to trigger switching or not according to the actual load condition of the network;
module M4: and executing a unicast multicast switching flow to finish switching between unicast and multicast.
According to the present application there is provided a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program which when executed by a processor performs the steps of the method described above.
In the method for triggering unicast and multicast switching by the session management function in the 5G system according to the present application, the SMF sets the trigger threshold according to the actual load capacity of the NG-RAN, and the trigger thresholds of different NG-RANs may be different, which does not mean that the threshold needs to be set for each trigger switching, and the trigger threshold may be a fixed value that is preset for a fixed NG-RAN.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the systems, apparatus, and their respective modules provided herein may be implemented entirely by logic programming of method steps such that the systems, apparatus, and their respective modules are implemented as logic gates, switches, application specific integrated circuits, programmable logic controllers, embedded microcontrollers, etc., in addition to the systems, apparatus, and their respective modules being implemented as pure computer readable program code. Therefore, the system, the apparatus, and the respective modules thereof provided by the present application may be regarded as one hardware component, and the modules included therein for implementing various programs may also be regarded as structures within the hardware component; modules for implementing various functions may also be regarded as being either software programs for implementing the methods or structures within hardware components.
The foregoing describes specific embodiments of the present application. It is to be understood that the application is not limited to the particular embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without affecting the spirit of the application. The embodiments of the application and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.
Claims (5)
1. A unicast-multicast switching method for session management, comprising:
step S10: presetting a trigger threshold x for switching unicast to multicast and a trigger threshold y for switching multicast to unicast;
step S11: counting the number of user equipment requesting the same content;
step S12: comparing the counted number of the user equipment with a preset trigger threshold, judging whether the trigger condition is met or not, and determining whether to trigger switching or not according to the actual load condition of the network;
step S13: executing unicast multicast switching flow to complete switching between unicast and multicast;
according to the type of session management, the method is divided into unicast session management and multicast session management, and the number of user equipment for the unicast session management and the multicast session management is counted respectively;
the unicast switching to multicast flow includes the steps of:
step S21: providing information of the user equipment and the next generation radio access network to unicast session management through an access and mobility management function;
step S22: judging whether a triggering condition is met or not through unicast session management, and if so, triggering unicast-to-multicast switching;
step S23: performing unicast session management and multicast session management interaction, and modifying user plane function configuration of the unicast session management and the multicast session management;
step S24: the multicast session management notification policy control function updates the policy and sends modification information to the access and mobility management function;
step S25: the access and mobility management function informs the wireless access network to switch point-to-point/point-to-multipoint modes to finish the switching from unicast to multicast;
the multicast switching to unicast flow comprises the following steps:
step S31: providing information of the user equipment and the next generation radio access network to multicast session management through an access and mobility management function;
step S32: judging whether a triggering condition is met or not through multicast session management, and if so, triggering the switching from multicast to unicast;
step S33: performing unicast session management and multicast session management interaction, and modifying user plane function configuration of the unicast session management and the multicast session management;
step S34: the unicast session management notification policy control function updates the policy and sends modification information to the access and mobility management function;
step S35: the access and mobility management function informs the wireless access network to switch point-to-point/point-to-multipoint modes to finish the switching from multicast to unicast;
the triggering threshold value x and the triggering threshold value y are positive integers, and x is larger than y;
the triggering threshold value x and the triggering threshold value y are proportional to the actual load capacity of the wireless access network;
comparing the request contents of different user equipment numbers, and triggering unicast-to-multicast switching if the user equipment number is greater than or equal to a triggering threshold value x; if the trigger threshold value x is smaller than the trigger threshold value x, the switching from unicast to multicast is not triggered;
if the number of the user equipment is smaller than the triggering threshold y, ending the multicast session; and if the trigger threshold y is greater than or equal to the trigger threshold y, maintaining the multicast session.
2. The unicast-multicast switching method for session management according to claim 1, wherein said unicast session management and multicast session management interact through an N16 interface.
3. The unicast-multicast switching method for session management according to claim 1, wherein after the switching procedure is completed, when a new user equipment requests content, unicast session management and multicast session management determine whether a multicast session of the same content exists, and if so, the multicast session management joins the multicast session group; if not, unicast session management establishes a unicast session for it.
4. A unicast-multicast switching system for session management, comprising:
module M1: presetting a trigger threshold x for switching unicast to multicast and a trigger threshold y for switching multicast to unicast;
module M2: counting the number of user equipment requesting the same content;
module M3: comparing the counted number of the user equipment with a preset trigger threshold, judging whether the trigger condition is met or not, and determining whether to trigger switching or not according to the actual load condition of the network;
module M4: executing unicast multicast switching flow to complete switching between unicast and multicast;
the unicast-multicast switching system for session management is further configured to:
according to the type of session management, the method is divided into unicast session management and multicast session management, and the number of user equipment for the unicast session management and the multicast session management is counted respectively;
the unicast switching to multicast flow includes the steps of:
step S21: providing information of the user equipment and the next generation radio access network to unicast session management through an access and mobility management function;
step S22: judging whether a triggering condition is met or not through unicast session management, and if so, triggering unicast-to-multicast switching;
step S23: performing unicast session management and multicast session management interaction, and modifying user plane function configuration of the unicast session management and the multicast session management;
step S24: the multicast session management notification policy control function updates the policy and sends modification information to the access and mobility management function;
step S25: the access and mobility management function informs the wireless access network to switch point-to-point/point-to-multipoint modes to finish the switching from unicast to multicast;
the multicast switching to unicast flow comprises the following steps:
step S31: providing information of the user equipment and the next generation radio access network to multicast session management through an access and mobility management function;
step S32: judging whether a triggering condition is met or not through multicast session management, and if so, triggering the switching from multicast to unicast;
step S33: performing unicast session management and multicast session management interaction, and modifying user plane function configuration of the unicast session management and the multicast session management;
step S34: the unicast session management notification policy control function updates the policy and sends modification information to the access and mobility management function;
step S35: the access and mobility management function informs the wireless access network to switch point-to-point/point-to-multipoint modes to finish the switching from multicast to unicast;
the triggering threshold value x and the triggering threshold value y are positive integers, and x is larger than y;
the triggering threshold value x and the triggering threshold value y are proportional to the actual load capacity of the wireless access network;
comparing the request contents of different user equipment numbers, and triggering unicast-to-multicast switching if the user equipment number is greater than or equal to a triggering threshold value x; if the trigger threshold value x is smaller than the trigger threshold value x, the switching from unicast to multicast is not triggered;
if the number of the user equipment is smaller than the triggering threshold y, ending the multicast session; and if the trigger threshold y is greater than or equal to the trigger threshold y, maintaining the multicast session.
5. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method of any one of claims 1 to 3.
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